WO2018018966A1

WO2018018966A1 - Antenna radiation unit and multi-band base station antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2018018966A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/081980
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王强; 陈汝承; 姚化山
Original assignee: 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司; 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司; 天津京信通信系统有限公司
Priority date: 2016-07-27
Filing date: 2017-04-26
Publication date: 2018-02-01
Also published as: BR112019001715A2; CN106129596A

Abstract

The present invention provides an antenna radiation unit comprising a seat, four pairs of feed baluns, and four dipoles provided in a surrounding manner on the four pairs of feed baluns. Each of the dipoles comprises a pair of radiation arms. Each radiation arm comprises a first end connected to the feed balun and a second end away from the feed balun. Horizontal load members connect the second ends of two adjacent radiation arms of two adjacent dipoles of the multiple dipoles, and at least a pair of vertical load members is coupled to at least two opposing second ends of the remaining radiation arms. With the above design, the resonance length of the radiation arms can be effectively increased, reducing the length of the radiation arms and further reducing the size of the radiation units. The present invention further provides a multi-band base station antenna. The multi-band base station antenna has a multi-band antenna design adopting the above antenna radiation unit, reducing mutual influence among frequency bands and ensuring independence of electrical properties of the frequency bands.

Description

Antenna radiating element and multi-frequency broadband base station antenna

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of mobile communication antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna radiation unit and a multi-frequency broadband base station antenna using the antenna radiation unit.

Background technique

With the increase of the standard of mobile communication networks, a situation in which multiple communication systems coexist has been formed. For example, optimizing resource allocation, saving site and antenna resources, reducing the difficulty of property coordination and reducing investment costs, the system common antenna of the co-site is gradually becoming the first choice for operators to build networks.

With the gradual acceleration of the construction of the fourth generation mobile communication network, operators have begun to look for 2G and 3G standards that are backward compatible with GSM800, GSM900, DCS1800, PCS, CDMA2000, etc., and can be upward compatible with 4G standards such as LTE700 and LTE2600. Broadband antenna. At the same time, with the limitation of the space of the station construction, the miniaturization demand has become the development trend of the antenna. However, as the frequency band is widened, the size of the antenna is correspondingly increased, resulting in inconvenience in installation.

Since the demand for miniaturization, multi-system, and wide-band of base station antennas is deepening, it is necessary to design an antenna radiating unit that is small in size and compact in structure, and has a wide frequency band, and a base station antenna to which the radiating unit of the antenna is applied. .

Summary of the invention

A primary object of the present invention is to provide an antenna radiating unit which is characterized by miniaturization, low profile and wide frequency band.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a base station antenna to which the above-described antenna radiating unit is applied.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The invention provides an antenna radiating unit, comprising: a base, four pairs of feeding baluns extending radially from the edge of the base, and four pairs of four pairs disposed on the four pairs of feeding baluns a pole, each of said dipoles comprising a pair of radiating arms, each radiating arm comprising a connection to a feed balun a first end and a second end remote from the feed balun, and further comprising a horizontal loader coupled to the second end of the two radiating arms adjacent to the two adjacent dipoles of the plurality of dipoles, and At least one pair of vertical loading members coupled to the second end opposite the at least two of the remaining radiating arms.

Specifically, the radiating arm has a horizontal radiating surface and a lateral radiating surface connected to the horizontal radiating surface.

Further, the horizontal loading member is fixed to the radiation arm by a first dielectric insulating sheet, and the horizontal loading member is fixed above or below the horizontal radiation surface.

Optionally, an angle between the horizontal radiating surface and the lateral radiating surface is a right angle or an obtuse angle.

Specifically, the horizontal loading member is bent downward along the outside of the radiation arm, and the bending angle is greater than 60° and less than 150°.

Specifically, the first end of the radiating arm extends outward along the horizontal radiation surface and is bent downward, and the bending angle is greater than 60° and less than 150°.

Specifically, each pair of the vertical loading members are respectively connected to the second ends of the radiating arms of the two dipoles through a pair of second dielectric insulating sheets, and each pair of vertical loading members are symmetrically disposed.

Optionally, the structure of the four pairs of dipoles is annular or square.

Specifically, the two feed baluns of each pair of feed baluns are arranged in parallel and symmetrically, and the two baluns are each connected to one of the radiation arms of one dipole.

The present invention provides a multi-band wideband base station antenna comprising at least one low frequency radiating element and a plurality of high frequency radiating elements, wherein the low frequency radiating element is the antenna radiating element of any of the above.

Preferably, the at least one low frequency radiation unit is coaxially arrayed with the plurality of high frequency radiation units, and the high frequency radiation unit is nested in the low frequency radiation unit.

Preferably, the plurality of high frequency radiating elements are arrayed in at least three columns, and the high frequency radiating elements of each column are coaxially arranged; the low frequency radiating unit is set in such a manner that a high frequency radiating unit is nested therein The high frequency radiating elements form an intermediate column of the array.

Further, adjacent two columns of high frequency radiation units are arranged in a misaligned manner.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The antenna radiating element of the present invention connects the second ends of adjacent two dipole adjacent radiating arms by providing a horizontal loading member and a vertical loading member on the dipole radiating arm, thereby increasing the radiation arm. Resonant length, which in turn shortens the length of the radiating arm, reduces the size of the radiating element, and also The bandwidth of the antenna element is effectively increased.

2. Due to the use of horizontal loading members and vertical loading members, the radiating elements have asymmetry, which can effectively reduce the mutual coupling between the polarizations of the radiating elements.

3. The antenna radiating element of the present invention effectively widens the resonant current path on the dipole by providing a horizontal radiating surface and a lateral radiating surface on the radiating arm, reduces the diameter of the radiating element, and reduces the height of the radiating element, further reducing The size of the antenna radiating element.

The antenna radiation unit of the invention realizes the low profile, wide frequency band and miniaturization design of the antenna radiation unit through novel design, thereby realizing the miniaturization design of the ultra-wideband multi-system shared base station antenna.

DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of an antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of the antenna radiating unit of Figure 1, showing the main structure of the radiating element;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a horizontal loading member of the first embodiment of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of one of the vertical loading members of the first embodiment of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the vertical loading members of the first embodiment of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a first dielectric insulating sheet of the first embodiment of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a second dielectric insulating sheet of the first embodiment of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a partial perspective view of the antenna radiating unit of Figure 8, showing the main structure of the radiating element;

Figure 10 is a perspective view of a horizontal loading member of Embodiment 2 of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a perspective view of one of the vertical loading members of the second embodiment of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a perspective view of one of the vertical loading members of the second embodiment of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 13 is a perspective view of the second dielectric insulating sheet of the second embodiment of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a perspective view of the second dielectric insulating sheet of the second embodiment of the antenna radiating unit of the present invention;

15 is a perspective view of a multi-frequency ultra-wideband base station antenna composed of an antenna radiating element of the present invention; schematic diagram.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting. If it is known that the detailed description of the prior art is not necessary to show the features of the present invention, it will be briefly summarized or omitted.

As is known, since the bandwidth of the antenna is related to the impedance, in order to achieve sufficient bandwidth, the imaginary part of the impedance, that is, the reactance is required to be as small as possible. Ideally, when the reactance is zero, the antenna radiating elements can be better realized. match.

To this end, the antenna radiating element of the present invention extends the radiating arm of the dipole in a disguised design by a subtle design, so that the actual length of the radiating arm can be shortened to some extent, thereby reducing the volume of the entire radiating element; meanwhile, the radiating element can also be made The change in the imaginary part of the impedance slows as the frequency increases, thereby ensuring that the antenna has a wider bandwidth.

Embodiment 1

1 to 7 collectively illustrate an antenna radiating element 100 of the present invention, comprising: a base 20, four pairs of feed baluns 30, four dipoles 40, three horizontal loading members 50, and a pair of vertical loading members 70. 80, three first dielectric insulating sheets 60 and a pair of second dielectric insulating sheets 90.

The base 20 is annular, and the four pairs of feed baluns 30 extend radially outward from the edge of the base 20, and the four dipoles 40 (including the dipoles 401 to 404) are enclosed. Disposed on the four pairs of feed baluns 30, and one dipole 40 is connected to each pair of the feed baluns 30. Each of the dipoles 40 includes a pair of spaced apart radiating arms, and each of the radiating arms includes a first end coupled to the feed balun and a second end remote from the feed balun. Taking the dipole 401 as an example, it includes radiating

arms

401a, 401b, and correspondingly, a first end 401a1, a second end 401a2, and a first end 401b1, a second end 401b2, respectively.

Wherein each of the horizontal loading members 50 is connected to the second ends of two adjacent radiating arms of two adjacent dipoles by means of one of the first dielectric insulating sheets 60; the pair of vertical loading members 70 And a pair of second dielectric insulating sheets 90 are respectively connected to the second ends of the remaining two radiating arms to realize a coupling connection of each two adjacent radiating arms.

The resonant length of the radiating arm is increased in phase by connecting the adjacent radiating arms of the adjacent two dipoles by coupling (e.g., by loading the horizontal loading member 50 or the

vertical loading members

70, 80 on the radiating arm). That is equivalent to extending the length of the radiation arm. In other words, when the radiation arm of the same length is originally required for signal radiation, since the two radiating arms are coupled by the loading member, the actual length of the radiating arm connected to the loading member can be shortened to some extent, thereby reducing The volume of the entire radiating element 100. At the same time, because the two radiating arms are different from the other six radiating arms, the symmetry of the radiating elements can be broken, and the mutual coupling between the polarizations of the radiating elements can be effectively reduced.

In another embodiment, the horizontal loading member may be provided with only one, and the vertical loading member is provided with three pairs, which can also reduce the size of the radiating unit, ensure the antenna has a wide bandwidth and reduce the polarization of the radiating element. Mutual coupling between.

In another embodiment, two horizontal loading members may be provided, and two pairs of vertical loading members are provided, and the volume of the radiation unit can be reduced to achieve the object of the present invention.

In addition, the adjacent radiating arms of two adjacent dipoles are connected by a horizontal loading member, and the other two adjacent radiations are connected by a vertical loading member, which can also reduce the size of the radiating unit of the antenna, ensure the bandwidth and reduce the radiation. The purpose of mutual coupling between unit polarizations.

Further, each of the radiating arms includes a horizontal radiating surface and a lateral radiating surface which are connected to each other. Taking the radiating arm 401a as an example, the radiating arm 401a has a horizontal radiating surface 401a3 and a lateral radiating surface 401a4. The path of the resonant current on the dipole 40 is effectively widened by the horizontal radiating surface and the lateral radiating surface provided on the radiating arm, thereby reducing the diameter of the radiating element, reducing the height of the radiating element, and further reducing the volume of the radiating element 100.

Preferably, the angle between the horizontal radiating surface 401a3 and the lateral radiating surface 401a4 is a right angle or an obtuse angle.

The four dipoles 40 are sequentially disposed on the base 20 by the feeding balun 30, and are surrounded by a funnel-shaped closed structure. The four dipoles 40 surround the same geometric center (ie, the base 20 with a pair of radiations called a construction condition). The center is arranged such that a radiating surface of each dipole presents a surrounding radiating surface.

Preferably, the radiating arms are all arcuate arms. Correspondingly, the horizontal loading member 50 and the dielectric insulating

sheets

60, 90 are all arcuate to form a ring structure together with all the radiating arms.

In this embodiment, the horizontal loading member 50 may be fixed above or below the horizontal radiating surface. The pair of

vertical loading members

70, 80 are symmetrically disposed and the wider end faces are oppositely disposed.

Further, the first end of the radiating arm extends outward along the horizontal radiation surface and is bent downward to adjust the impedance characteristics and the cross polarization level of the dipole. Therein, the bending angle is between 60° and 150°, preferably 90°.

Preferably, the horizontal loading member is bent out to the outside of the radiation arm, and the bending angle is greater than 60° and less than 150°.

Preferably, two feed baluns in each pair of feed baluns 30 are parallel to each other, one end of each feed balun 30 is connected to the radiation arm, and the other end of the feed balun 30 is connected to the base 20 Indirectly, this structure not only effectively carries the dipole's radiating arm, but also avoids mutual interference between the dipoles.

Embodiment 2

Referring to Figures 8 through 14, Figures 8 through 14 collectively illustrate another implementation of the antenna radiating element 100 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the antenna radiating unit 100 is similar to that of the first embodiment, except that the radiating arm of the dipole 40 is a straight arm, and correspondingly, the horizontal loading member 50 and the first medium are respectively The outer shape of the insulating sheet 60 and the second dielectric insulating sheet 90 is rectangular or approximately rectangular, so that the projection of the structure in which the four dipoles are enclosed in the vertical direction is square.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the change of the shape of the horizontal loading member 50 and the

vertical loading members

70, 80 and the change of the position on the vibrator arm do not affect the actual effect thereof, and therefore are regarded as not It is out of the spirit of the invention.

Embodiment 3

In this embodiment, a multi-frequency broadband base station antenna using the antenna radiating unit is provided, and at least one of the antenna radiating units is configured as a low-frequency radiating unit and is combined with a plurality of high-frequency radiating units.

As shown in FIG. 15, in the multi-band base station antenna 200, the low-frequency radiating elements A1, A2 and the high-frequency radiating elements B1, B2, B3, B4 are in a coaxial array, and the high-frequency radiating units B2 and B4 Nested in the antenna radiating elements A1 and A2, and B1 and B3 are staggered on the axis where A1 and A2 are located. The high-frequency radiation units C1, C2, C3, C4 and D1, D2, D3, and D4 are respectively disposed on both sides of the nested array composed of A1, A2, and B1, B2, B3, and B4, forming a side by side array.

Since the antenna radiating unit of the present invention adopts an asymmetric arrangement of a horizontal radiating surface, a lateral radiating surface, and a horizontal coupling and a vertical coupling, the aperture of the antenna radiating unit can be reduced while reducing the frequency thereof. The influence of the radiating element, thus multi-frequency days by using the antenna radiating element of the present invention When the line is designed, the independence of the electrical performance of each frequency band can be guaranteed.

The above is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and retouchings should also be As a scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

An antenna radiating unit includes a base, four pairs of feeding baluns extending radially outward from an edge of the base, and four dipoles disposed on the four pairs of feeding baluns, each The dipoles comprise a pair of radiating arms, each radiating arm comprising a first end connected to the feed balun and a second end remote from the feed balun, characterized in that it further comprises a plurality of dipoles a horizontal loading member coupled to the second ends of the two adjacent radiating arms of the adjacent two dipoles, and at least one pair of vertical loading members coupledly coupled to the second ends opposite the at least two of the remaining radiating arms.
The antenna radiating element according to claim 1, wherein said radiating arm has a horizontal radiating surface and a lateral radiating surface connected to the horizontal radiating surface.
The antenna radiating unit according to claim 2, wherein said horizontal loading member is fixed to said radiating arm by a first dielectric insulating sheet, and said horizontal loading member is fixed above or below said horizontal radiating surface .
The antenna radiating unit according to claim 2, wherein an angle between the horizontal radiating surface and the lateral radiating surface is a right angle or an obtuse angle.
The antenna radiating unit according to claim 1, wherein said horizontal loading member is bent downward along an outer side of the radiating arm, and the bending angle is greater than 60° and less than 150°.
The antenna radiating unit according to claim 1, wherein the first end of the radiating arm extends outwardly along the horizontal radiating surface and is bent downward, and the bending angle is greater than 60° and less than 150°.
The antenna radiating unit according to claim 1, wherein each pair of said vertical loading members are respectively connected to the second ends of the two dipole radiating arms through a pair of second dielectric insulating sheets, and said each Symmetrical settings for vertical loaders.
The antenna radiating unit according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the four pairs of dipoles is annular or square.
The antenna radiating element according to claim 1, wherein two feed baluns of each pair of feed baluns are arranged in parallel and symmetrically, and the two feed baluns respectively have different radiations from the same dipole. The arms are connected.
A multi-frequency broadband base station antenna comprising at least one low frequency radiating element and a plurality of high frequency radiating elements, wherein the low frequency radiating unit is any one of claims 1 to Antenna radiating element.
The multi-band wideband base station antenna according to claim 10, wherein said at least one low frequency radiating element is coaxially arrayed with said plurality of high frequency radiating elements, and said low frequency radiating element is nested in said High frequency radiation unit.
The multi-band wideband base station antenna according to claim 10, wherein said plurality of high-frequency radiating elements are arrayed in at least three columns, and high-frequency radiating elements of each column are coaxially arranged; said low-frequency radiation The unit is disposed on the middle column of the array of high frequency radiation units in such a manner that the high frequency radiation unit is nested therein.
The multi-band wideband base station antenna according to claim 12, wherein adjacent two columns of high frequency radiating elements are arranged in a misaligned manner.