CN110994147A - Low-frequency radiation unit and antenna - Google Patents

Low-frequency radiation unit and antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110994147A
CN110994147A CN201911235445.7A CN201911235445A CN110994147A CN 110994147 A CN110994147 A CN 110994147A CN 201911235445 A CN201911235445 A CN 201911235445A CN 110994147 A CN110994147 A CN 110994147A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
radiation
frequency
low
arms
radiation arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201911235445.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈强
郑之伦
魏赢基
李志龙
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd
Original Assignee
Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd
Comba Telecom Systems China Ltd
Comba Telecom Systems Guangzhou Co Ltd
Tianjin Comba Telecom Systems Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd, Comba Telecom Systems China Ltd, Comba Telecom Systems Guangzhou Co Ltd, Tianjin Comba Telecom Systems Co Ltd filed Critical Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd
Priority to CN201911235445.7A priority Critical patent/CN110994147A/en
Publication of CN110994147A publication Critical patent/CN110994147A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/523Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q21/293Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic one unit or more being an array of identical aerial elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system

Abstract

The invention provides a low-frequency radiation unit and an antenna, and the technical scheme is characterized in that the low-frequency radiation unit comprises four pairs of radiation arm groups and two feed sheets, each radiation arm group comprises two radiation arms which are vertical to each other, and the two radiation arms of the adjacent radiation arm groups are parallel; the two feed pieces correspondingly feed four pairs of radiation arm groups, so that each feed piece correspondingly feeds the radiation arms of the two radiation arm groups arranged diagonally, and when the two radiation arms in the radiation arm groups are respectively placed along the vertical polarization direction and the horizontal polarization direction, equivalent currents along the +/-45-degree polarization direction are synthesized in the four pairs of radiation arm groups. Through setting up four pairs of radiation armsets, utilize the feed piece to feed two radiation arms in same radiation armset to the synthetic equivalent current along 45 polarization directions, the extending direction and the equivalent current direction of radiation arm are different, consequently, can realize avoiding the radiation arm to cause the effect of sheltering from to the high frequency radiation unit when satisfying 45 polarization.

Description

Low-frequency radiation unit and antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antenna communication, in particular to a low-frequency radiation unit and an antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of modern wireless communication technology, the problems of rapid increase of the number of base stations, difficult site selection, inconvenient installation and the like are increasingly shown. As one of the most important components of the base station system, the miniaturization, broadband, and multi-band sharing are the main development directions.
The low-frequency oscillator in the current multi-frequency antenna mainly has two forms:
one is a parallel feeding mode, two pairs of vibrators are orthogonally arranged according to a specific interval, each pair of vibrators are respectively fed in parallel, so that the polarization of +/-45 degrees is formed, high-frequency vibrators are arranged in the center of each low-frequency vibrator and between adjacent low-frequency vibrators in the array, a high-low frequency nested array is formed, the high-low frequency array is positioned in the same axial direction, the mutual coupling between the high-low frequency vibrators is large, the isolation degree is poor, the high-frequency vibrators are influenced by the boundaries of the low-frequency vibrators, and the directional diagram of the high-frequency vibrators is deteriorated to a certain extent;
the other type is a center feed type, the feed position of the center feed type is positioned in the middle of the oscillator, the high-frequency array and the low-frequency array are respectively and independently arranged, due to the fact that the aperture of the low-frequency oscillator is large, the size of the antenna is limited, the low-frequency oscillator cannot avoid shielding the high-frequency oscillator, the shielding effect of the oscillator arm can cause high-frequency standing waves and poor isolation, and the directional diagram deteriorates.
The above two structures of the low-frequency radiating unit have the problem of poor isolation of the high-frequency radiating unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-frequency radiating unit which can reduce the shielding of a high-frequency radiating unit so as to improve the isolation degree and the direction diagram performance of the high-frequency radiating unit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a low-frequency radiation unit comprises four pairs of radiation arm groups and two feed plates, wherein each pair of radiation arm groups comprises two radiation arms, the two radiation arms in each radiation arm group are perpendicular to each other, and two adjacent radiation arms of two adjacent radiation arm groups are arranged in parallel; the two feed pieces correspondingly feed four pairs of radiation arm groups, so that each feed piece correspondingly feeds the radiation arms of the two radiation arm groups arranged diagonally, and when the two radiation arms in the radiation arm groups are respectively placed along the vertical polarization direction and the horizontal polarization direction, equivalent currents along the +/-45-degree polarization direction are synthesized in the four pairs of radiation arm groups.
Further setting: the low-frequency radiation unit further comprises a vibrator seat and four supporting baluns connected to the vibrator seat, and each group of radiation arm groups is correspondingly connected to the top of one supporting balun.
Further setting: the four supporting baluns are arranged into a rectangle, the two feeding pieces are arranged orthogonally, two ends of one feeding piece penetrate through the two supporting baluns on one diagonal line respectively, and two ends of the other feeding piece penetrate through the two supporting baluns on the other diagonal line respectively.
Further setting: and a notch for impedance matching is formed in the side wall of the supporting balun.
Further setting: the notch is positioned on the symmetrical center of the two radiation arms connected with the same support balun.
Further setting: the outer side walls of two adjacent support baluns are mutually connected or separated.
Further setting: the radiation arm and the support balun are integrally formed in a die-casting mode.
The invention also provides an antenna, which comprises a reflecting plate, and a low-frequency array and a high-frequency array which are both arranged on the reflecting plate, wherein the low-frequency array and the high-frequency array are correspondingly provided with at least one low-frequency radiating unit and at least one high-frequency radiating unit, the low-frequency radiating unit is the low-frequency radiating unit, and the high-frequency radiating unit is arranged in an area limited by two radiating arms in a radiating arm group in the low-frequency radiating unit.
Further setting: the high-frequency arrays are respectively arranged on two sides of the axis of the low-frequency array, and the distance between every two adjacent low-frequency radiating units is twice the distance between every two adjacent high-frequency radiating units in one high-frequency array.
Further setting: two rows are respectively arranged on two sides of the axis of the low-frequency array of the high-frequency array.
Compared with the prior art, the scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. in the low-frequency radiation unit, four pairs of radiation arm groups are arranged to form a cross-shaped radiation surface structure together, and then the two radiation arms in the same radiation arm group are fed through the feed sheet, when the two radiation arms in the same radiation arm group are respectively placed along the vertical polarization direction and the horizontal polarization direction, equivalent current along the polarization direction of +/-45 degrees is synthesized, and the extension direction of the radiation arms is different from the direction of the equivalent current, so that the effect of avoiding shielding of the high-frequency radiation unit by the radiation arms while meeting the polarization of +/-45 degrees can be realized.
2. In the low-frequency radiation unit, the notch is formed on the support balun along the symmetrical center line of the two radiation arms connected with the support balun, so that impedance matching of a wider frequency is realized.
3. In the antenna related by the invention, the low-frequency radiation unit and the high-frequency radiation unit are arranged together to form a single-row low-frequency radiation unit and a double-row high-frequency radiation unit or a four-row high-frequency radiation unit, and the radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit can not shield the high-frequency radiation unit, so that the isolation and directional diagram performance of the high-frequency radiation unit are improved, the arrangement of the high-frequency radiation unit and the low-frequency radiation unit is more compact, and the multi-frequency antenna is more miniaturized.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a low frequency radiating element according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an embodiment of the low frequency radiating element of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the antenna of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a low-frequency radiating unit 1, which includes a vibrator seat 11, a supporting balun 12 and four radiating arm groups, which are connected in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the four radiating arm groups are provided, and the four supporting baluns 12 are provided corresponding to the four radiating arm groups. Each pair of radiation arm sets comprises two radiation arms 13, the two radiation arms 13 in each radiation arm set are perpendicular to each other, and two adjacent radiation arms 13 in two adjacent pairs of radiation arm sets are arranged in parallel. The low-frequency radiation unit further comprises two feed pieces 14, the two feed pieces 14 correspondingly feed four pairs of radiation arm groups, so that each feed piece 14 feeds the radiation arms 13 of the two radiation arm groups arranged diagonally, and when the two radiation arms 13 in the radiation arm groups are respectively placed along the vertical polarization direction and the horizontal polarization direction, equivalent currents along the polarization direction of +/-45 degrees are synthesized in the four pairs of radiation arm groups.
Through setting up four pairs of radiation armsets to form "ten" style of calligraphy radiating surface structure jointly, two radiation arms 13 in same radiation armset are fed to rethread feed piece 14, thereby when two radiation arms 13 in same radiation armset are placed along vertical polarization direction and horizontal polarization direction respectively the synthetic equivalent current along 45 polarization direction, the extending direction and the equivalent current direction of radiation arm 13 are different, consequently, can realize avoiding radiation arm 13 to cause the effect of sheltering from to high frequency radiation unit 3 when satisfying 45 polarization.
In this embodiment, the supporting balun 12 is cylindrical, and has a hollow interior for passing a feeder. Preferably, four of the supporting baluns 12 are in a square arrangement. In other embodiments, the four supporting baluns 12 may be arranged in a rectangular or other quadrilateral configuration.
In the present embodiment, the two feeding plates 14 are orthogonally arranged, specifically, the two feeding plates 14 are arranged up and down and do not contact each other, and the two feeding plates 14 are respectively and correspondingly installed in the two diagonal supporting baluns 12 so as to make the combined current directions of the two diagonal pairs of radiating arm sets consistent. Specifically, the feeding piece 14 penetrates through one of the supporting baluns 12, bends at the top of the supporting balun 12, and penetrates into the supporting balun 12 at the opposite angle, and the feeding piece 14 and the radiating arm 13 are in a coupling feeding mode.
It should be noted that the outer side walls of adjacent support baluns 12 can be completely connected, partially connected or completely disconnected along the height direction thereof.
Further, a notch 121 for impedance matching is formed on a side wall of the supporting balun 12. Preferably, the notch 121 is located in the symmetrical center of the two radiating arms 13 connected to the same support balun 12. Specifically, two notches 121 are symmetrically disposed on the side wall of each supporting balun 12. Preferably, two of the feeding pieces 14 pass through the gap 121 and span between two diagonal supporting baluns 12. By forming the notch 121 on the sidewall of the supporting balun 12, impedance matching of a wider band can be achieved.
In the present embodiment, a space is formed between two adjacent radiation arms 13 in two adjacent pairs of radiation arm groups. In other embodiments, no space may be provided between two adjacent radiation arms 13 in two adjacent pairs of radiation arm sets.
In this embodiment, the radiating arm 13 and the supporting balun 12 are integrally formed by die-casting. In other embodiments, the radiating arm 13 may also be soldered to the upper end of the supporting balun 12 in the form of a PCB.
The invention also provides an antenna, in particular to a multi-frequency antenna, which comprises a reflecting plate 2, and a low-frequency array and a high-frequency array which are both arranged on the reflecting plate 2, wherein the low-frequency array and the high-frequency array are correspondingly provided with at least one low-frequency radiation unit 1 and at least one high-frequency radiation unit 3, and the low-frequency radiation unit 1 is the low-frequency radiation unit 1. The high frequency radiating element 3 is installed in an area defined between two radiating arms 13 in the radiating arm group in the low frequency radiating element 1.
Further, the high-frequency arrays are respectively arranged on two sides of the axis of the low-frequency array, and the distance between two adjacent low-frequency radiating units 1 is twice the distance between two adjacent high-frequency radiating units 3 in one high-frequency array. Specifically, the distance between two adjacent low-frequency radiating elements is the distance between the centers of two low-frequency radiating elements 1, and similarly, the distance between two adjacent high-frequency radiating elements 3 is the distance between the centers of two high-frequency radiating elements 3.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, two high frequency arrays are respectively disposed on two sides of the axis of the low frequency array, and both the low frequency array and the high frequency array are base station antennas with a horizontal beam width of 65 °.
By adopting the oscillator arrangement form, the arrangement of the high-frequency radiation unit 3 and the low-frequency radiation unit 1 is more reasonable, the low-frequency radiation unit 1 cannot shield the high-frequency radiation unit 3, the high-frequency isolation and the directional diagram performance are improved, the low-frequency radiation unit 1 and the high-frequency radiation unit 3 can be arranged more compactly, and the antenna is more miniaturized.
In another embodiment, shown in fig. 4, the antenna includes a single low frequency array and four high frequency arrays, the high frequency arrays being arranged in two rows on either side of the axis of the low frequency array. The low-frequency array is a base station antenna with a horizontal beam width of 65 degrees, and the high-frequency array is a base station antenna with a horizontal beam width of 33 degrees, namely, the four rows of high-frequency radiating units 3 are dual-beam antennas.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A low-frequency radiation unit is characterized in that: the antenna comprises four pairs of radiation arm groups and two feed sheets, wherein each pair of radiation arm groups comprises two radiation arms, the two radiation arms in each radiation arm group are perpendicular to each other, and two adjacent radiation arms of two adjacent radiation arm groups are arranged in parallel; the two feed pieces correspondingly feed four pairs of radiation arm groups, so that each feed piece correspondingly feeds the radiation arms of the two radiation arm groups arranged diagonally, and when the two radiation arms in the radiation arm groups are respectively placed along the vertical polarization direction and the horizontal polarization direction, equivalent currents along the +/-45-degree polarization direction are synthesized in the four pairs of radiation arm groups.
2. The low frequency radiating element of claim 1, wherein: the radiating arm group is correspondingly connected to the top of one supporting balun.
3. The low frequency radiating element of claim 2, wherein: the four supporting baluns are arranged into a rectangle, the two feeding pieces are arranged orthogonally, two ends of one feeding piece penetrate through the two supporting baluns on one diagonal line respectively, and two ends of the other feeding piece penetrate through the two supporting baluns on the other diagonal line respectively.
4. The low frequency radiating element of claim 3, wherein: and a notch for impedance matching is formed in the side wall of the supporting balun.
5. The low frequency radiating element of claim 4, wherein: the notch is positioned on the symmetrical center of the two radiation arms connected with the same support balun.
6. The low frequency radiating element of claim 2, wherein: the outer side walls of two adjacent support baluns are mutually connected or separated.
7. The low frequency radiating element of claim 2, wherein: the radiation arm and the support balun are integrally formed in a die-casting mode.
8. The utility model provides an antenna, includes the reflecting plate, all locates low frequency array and high frequency array on the reflecting plate, low frequency array and high frequency array correspond and set up at least one low frequency radiating element and at least one high frequency radiating element, characterized by: the low-frequency radiating element is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the high-frequency radiating element is installed in an area defined by two radiating arms in a radiating arm group in the low-frequency radiating element.
9. The antenna of claim 8, wherein: the high-frequency arrays are respectively arranged on two sides of the axis of the low-frequency array, and the distance between every two adjacent low-frequency radiating units is twice the distance between every two adjacent high-frequency radiating units in one high-frequency array.
10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein: two rows are respectively arranged on two sides of the axis of the low-frequency array of the high-frequency array.
CN201911235445.7A 2019-12-05 2019-12-05 Low-frequency radiation unit and antenna Pending CN110994147A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112635988A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-09 昆山立讯射频科技有限公司 Antenna element unit
CN113224531A (en) * 2021-04-12 2021-08-06 华南理工大学 Multi-band antenna based on cavity-backed technology
CN113314833A (en) * 2021-04-16 2021-08-27 华南理工大学 Low-scattering radiation unit and multi-frequency common-aperture antenna array
CN114069211A (en) * 2020-08-07 2022-02-18 上海诺基亚贝尔股份有限公司 Tripod radiation element
WO2022062241A1 (en) * 2020-09-25 2022-03-31 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 Antenna, low-frequency radiation unit, and radiation arm
CN114914668A (en) * 2022-05-09 2022-08-16 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 Low-frequency filtering unit with high-consistency directional diagram and antenna array
WO2022225245A1 (en) * 2021-04-19 2022-10-27 주식회사 에이스테크놀로지 Low-band radiator and multi-broadband antenna comprising same

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103339798A (en) * 2011-01-31 2013-10-02 株式会社Kmw Dual polarization antenna for a mobile communication base station, and multiband antenna system using same
CN103682597A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-26 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 Broadband base station antenna radiating element and array antenna
WO2017000215A1 (en) * 2015-06-30 2017-01-05 华为技术有限公司 Radiation device
CN110165381A (en) * 2019-06-10 2019-08-23 中天宽带技术有限公司 A kind of low-frequency vibrator and multi-frequency array antenna

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103339798A (en) * 2011-01-31 2013-10-02 株式会社Kmw Dual polarization antenna for a mobile communication base station, and multiband antenna system using same
CN103682597A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-26 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 Broadband base station antenna radiating element and array antenna
WO2017000215A1 (en) * 2015-06-30 2017-01-05 华为技术有限公司 Radiation device
CN110165381A (en) * 2019-06-10 2019-08-23 中天宽带技术有限公司 A kind of low-frequency vibrator and multi-frequency array antenna

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114069211A (en) * 2020-08-07 2022-02-18 上海诺基亚贝尔股份有限公司 Tripod radiation element
WO2022062241A1 (en) * 2020-09-25 2022-03-31 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 Antenna, low-frequency radiation unit, and radiation arm
CN112635988A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-09 昆山立讯射频科技有限公司 Antenna element unit
CN112635988B (en) * 2020-12-17 2024-02-09 立讯精密工业(滁州)有限公司 Antenna element unit
CN113224531A (en) * 2021-04-12 2021-08-06 华南理工大学 Multi-band antenna based on cavity-backed technology
CN113314833A (en) * 2021-04-16 2021-08-27 华南理工大学 Low-scattering radiation unit and multi-frequency common-aperture antenna array
WO2022225245A1 (en) * 2021-04-19 2022-10-27 주식회사 에이스테크놀로지 Low-band radiator and multi-broadband antenna comprising same
CN114914668A (en) * 2022-05-09 2022-08-16 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 Low-frequency filtering unit with high-consistency directional diagram and antenna array

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