CN111175677A - Dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester and testing method for simulating vibration working condition - Google Patents
Dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester and testing method for simulating vibration working condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN111175677A CN111175677A CN202010030792.2A CN202010030792A CN111175677A CN 111175677 A CN111175677 A CN 111175677A CN 202010030792 A CN202010030792 A CN 202010030792A CN 111175677 A CN111175677 A CN 111175677A
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Abstract
The invention provides a dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester and a testing method for simulating vibration working conditions, wherein a superconducting block assembly of the tester is independent from a permanent magnet assembly, and is not mechanically connected with the permanent magnet assembly, a vibration exciter of the permanent magnet assembly is driven by an external signal generator to drive the permanent magnet to vibrate at the same frequency and amplitude, the vibration exciter and the permanent magnet are suspended right above a superconducting block of the superconducting block assembly, the superconducting block is arranged in a Dewar cooling container, a tension and pressure sensor is arranged between the Dewar cooling container and a supporting platform below the Dewar cooling container, and a displacement sensor for measuring a vertical gap value between the upper end surface of the superconducting block and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet is also arranged on the supporting platform; the test method based on the tester comprises the test of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different excitation frequencies, different excitation amplitudes and different initial cooling gaps. The invention fills the blank of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester, is beneficial to obtaining the superconducting magnetic force characteristic closer to the real working condition, and has value for improving the design reliability of the superconducting magnetic force device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical testing, in particular to a dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester and a testing method for simulating vibration working conditions.
Background
The high-temperature superconducting material has attractive application prospects in the fields of magnetic suspension bearings, magnetic suspension trains and the like, and the magnetic force characteristic between a single superconducting block and a permanent magnet is the design basis for stable operation of the high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system. Due to the anisotropy of the superconducting bulk material and the randomness of the superconducting crystal domain growth process, the magnetic characteristic data obtained by theoretical model prediction is large in error and difficult to meet application requirements, so that the superconducting magnetic data obtained through experiments has a reference value. The latest domestic standard for measuring the magnetic force of the superconducting bulk material is GB/T21115-2007 (measurement of the suspension force of the bulk oxide superconductor). Based on the national standard, corresponding superconducting magnetic force testers are developed by various scientific research institutions. Representative are: the three-dimensional superconducting magnetic force tester researched and developed by Yangwanmin topic group of the university of Shaanxi, can simultaneously measure the magnetic force in the vertical direction and the lateral restoring force; the micro-gap superconducting magnetic force tester developed by Yuan Xiaoyang subject group of the Yuan-Chang university of transportation can measure the superconducting magnetic force in a micron gap range. The measurement conditions of the superconducting magnetic force testers are static, namely the permanent magnet above the superconducting bulk material is close to/away from the superconducting bulk material at a constant speed, and the permanent magnet is in a static state when staying at any gap. However, in practical engineering applications, the superconducting-permanent magnet system is mostly in a dynamic state. In superconducting magnetic bearings, for example, permanent magnet rotors have non-negligible vibrations under both external and self excitation. The superconducting magnetic force characteristic under the vibration of the permanent magnet is different from the static condition necessarily, and the neglect of the problem is a hidden trouble of the design of the superconducting magnetic force device. In the static superconducting magnetic force test process, researchers have long found that the magnetic force at any position can present logarithmic attenuation characteristics over time, and whether the vibration of the permanent magnet has a positive effect on the attenuation behavior is to be verified on a dynamic tester.
In conclusion, the static tester based on GB/T21115-2007 is not capable of fully considering the vibration condition in practical engineering application, is a measurement under ideal conditions, and is not sufficient for the design of the superconducting magnetic device. Therefore, the development of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester capable of simulating the vibration working condition has engineering urgency and is valuable for improving the design reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the above technical problem at least to some extent. Therefore, the invention provides a dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester and a testing method for simulating a vibration working condition, so as to obtain superconducting magnetic force data close to a real working condition and make up the defects of the conventional static superconducting magnetic force tester.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester for simulating vibration working conditions is structurally characterized in that: the tester is of a split structure and consists of independent superconducting block assemblies and permanent magnet assemblies;
the superconducting block assembly supports a Dewar cooling container with a superconducting block fixedly mounted inside through a lifting platform, a pull pressure sensor is mounted between the bottom end of the Dewar cooling container and the table top of the lifting platform, the lifting platform drives the pull pressure sensor and the Dewar cooling container to move up and down, and a displacement sensor used for measuring a vertical gap value between the upper end face of the superconducting block and the lower end face of a permanent magnet is mounted on the lifting platform;
the permanent magnet assembly comprises a vibration exciter, a permanent magnet fixedly arranged at the end of an ejector rod of the vibration exciter and a supporting frame for suspending the vibration exciter and the permanent magnet above the superconducting block material, a signal generator externally connected with a tester supplies vibration excitation signals to the vibration exciter, and the ejector rod of the vibration exciter, the permanent magnet, the superconducting block material and a measuring head of the tension and pressure sensor are coaxially arranged from top to bottom.
The invention also has the structural characteristics that:
the permanent magnet and the superconducting block are both in short column structures, the superconducting block is an yttrium barium copper oxide superconductor, the permanent magnet is an neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, and the outer diameter of the permanent magnet is 3-5mm larger than that of the superconducting block.
The Dewar cooling container is made of a cloth-sandwiched bakelite material.
The superconducting blocks are arranged in a cylindrical groove in the Dewar cooling container and are fastened by a plurality of radial locking screws which are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction in the Dewar cooling container.
The displacement sensor is a contact type displacement sensor, and is fixedly arranged on the table top of the lifting platform in a vertical manner through a sensor mounting base, the central axis is perpendicular to the table top of the lifting platform, and the contact element is contacted with the top cross beam of the supporting frame.
The vibration exciter is hung on a top cross beam of the supporting frame through a vibration exciter mounting base, the ejector rod faces downwards, and the permanent magnet is mounted at the rod end through a permanent magnet connecting piece.
The vibration exciter is an SA-JZ002 electrodynamic vibration exciter, the vibration exciting signal form supplied by the signal generator is sine, the vibration frequency is 2-20kHz, the maximum exciting force is 12N, and the maximum stroke is 6 mm.
The invention also provides a test method of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester based on the simulated vibration working condition, which comprises the following steps of testing the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different excitation frequencies, different excitation amplitudes and different initial cooling gaps:
the first group of tests of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different excitation frequencies are carried out according to the following steps:
step a1, driven by a lifting platform, detecting by a displacement sensor, and adjusting the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet to be an initial cooling gap H0Electrifying the tester, adjusting the input current of the vibration exciter, and determining the vibration exciting amplitude;
step a2, injecting liquid nitrogen into the Dewar cooling container to make the liquid nitrogen surface higher than the upper surface of the superconducting block, after the superconducting block is sufficiently cooled, driving the superconducting block by the lifting platform again, detecting the superconducting block by the displacement sensor, and adjusting the upper end of the superconducting blockThe vertical clearance value H between the surface and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet is a measurement clearance Ht；
A3, starting a signal generator to supply an initial excitation frequency for a vibration exciter, acquiring superconducting magnetic data at the initial excitation frequency by pulling a pressure sensor, then gradually increasing the excitation frequency, and acquiring superconducting magnetic data at different excitation frequencies by pulling the pressure sensor;
step a4, finishing the first group of tests, and stopping the vibration exciter;
the second group of tests of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different excitation amplitudes are carried out according to the following steps:
step b1, after the first group of tests are finished, taking a vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet as a measurement gap HtOn the basis, starting the signal generator and the vibration exciter again, setting the excitation frequency of the vibration exciter and keeping the excitation frequency unchanged, gradually changing the input current of the vibration exciter to adjust the excitation amplitude, and acquiring superconducting magnetic force data under different excitation amplitudes through a tension and pressure sensor;
step b2, finishing the second group of tests, and stopping the vibration exciter;
the third group of tests of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different initial cooling gaps are carried out according to the following steps:
step c1, after the second group of tests are completed, completely volatilizing the liquid nitrogen in the Dewar cooling container until the superconducting bulk material returns to the normal state from the superconducting state;
step c2, driven by the lifting platform and detected by the displacement sensor, adjusting the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet to be the initial cooling gap H01；
Step c3, starting the signal generator, adjusting the input current of the vibration exciter, setting the vibration exciting frequency and the vibration exciting amplitude of the vibration exciter and keeping the vibration exciting frequency and the vibration exciting amplitude unchanged;
step c4, injecting liquid nitrogen into the Dewar cooling container to make the liquid nitrogen surface higher than the upper surface of the superconducting block, after the superconducting block is fully cooled, driving the superconducting block by the lifting platform again, detecting the superconducting block by the displacement sensor, and adjusting the upper end surface of the superconducting block and the lower end of the permanent magnetThe vertical gap value H between the faces being the measurement gap Ht；
Step c5, obtaining the initial cooling clearance H through the pulling pressure sensor01Lower superconducting magnetic data;
step c6, repeating the steps c1-c5, and acquiring different initial cooling gaps H by pulling the pressure sensor01-H0nLower superconducting magnetic data;
and c7, completing the third group of tests, and powering off the tester.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester and the test method for simulating the vibration working condition provided by the invention are a tester and a method which are close to the real operation working condition of a superconducting magnetic force device, the vibration factor in the actual operation process is fully considered, and the obtained dynamic superconducting magnetic force data is more valuable for the design of the device;
2. the dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester for simulating the vibration working condition adopts a split instrument structure, is different from the existing static superconducting magnetic force tester, and can fully reduce the interference of a transmission part on a measurement part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic of a two-dimensional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a control system schematic of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 a permanent magnet assembly; 2, a vibration exciter; 3, a top rod; 4, a vibration exciter mounting seat; 5 permanent magnet connecting pieces; 6 a permanent magnet; 7, a column; 8, a top cross beam; 9 a superconducting block assembly; 10 Dewar cooling vessel; 11 radial locking screws; 12 superconducting bulk material; 13 pulling the pressure sensor connector; 14 pull pressure sensor; 15 a displacement sensor; 16 sensor mounting base; and 17, lifting the platform.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As a design basis for stable operation of a superconducting magnetic device, the magnetic force characteristic between a single superconductor and a permanent magnet is always a research hotspot in the superconducting field. However, most of the existing superconducting magnetic force testers are static, and do not consider various vibration conditions in real operation, such as vibration of a permanent magnet rotor in a superconducting magnetic bearing system under external excitation and self excitation. The present embodiment provides a dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester simulating a vibration condition, please refer to fig. 1 to 3.
The tester is of a split structure and consists of a superconducting block assembly 9 and a permanent magnet assembly 1 which are independent, and the superconducting block assembly 9 is not mechanically connected with the permanent magnet assembly 1 so as to isolate the influence of the vibration exciter 2 on the measurement of the tension pressure sensor 14 during working;
the superconducting block assembly 9 supports a Dewar cooling container 10 in which a superconducting block material 12 is fixedly arranged by a lifting platform 17, a pulling pressure sensor 14 is arranged between the bottom end of the Dewar cooling container 10 and the table top of the lifting platform 17, the lifting platform 17 drives the pulling pressure sensor 14 and the Dewar cooling container 10 to move up and down so as to adjust the vertical gap value between the upper end surface of the superconducting block material 12 and the lower end surface of a permanent magnet 6, and a displacement sensor 15 for measuring the vertical gap value between the upper end surface of the superconducting block material 12 and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 6 is arranged on the lifting platform 17;
the permanent magnet assembly 1 comprises a vibration exciter 2, a permanent magnet 6 fixedly arranged at the rod end of an ejector rod 3 of the vibration exciter 2 and a support frame for suspending the vibration exciter 2 and the permanent magnet 6 above a superconducting block material 12, a signal generator externally connected with a tester supplies vibration exciting signals for the vibration exciter 2, and the ejector rod 3 of the vibration exciter 2, the permanent magnet 6, the superconducting block material 12 and a measuring head of a tension and pressure sensor 14 are coaxially arranged from top to bottom.
In specific implementation, the corresponding structural arrangement also includes:
the permanent magnet 6 and the superconducting bulk material 12 are both short column-shaped structures, the superconducting bulk material 12 is an yttrium barium copper oxide superconductor, the permanent magnet 6 is an neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 6, the outer diameter of the permanent magnet 6 is determined according to the outer diameter of the superconducting bulk material 12 during testing and is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the superconducting bulk material 12 so as to ensure the action range of a magnetic field, and in the embodiment, the outer diameter of the permanent magnet 6 is 3-5mm larger than the outer diameter of the superconducting bulk material 12.
The Dewar cooling container 10 is made of the cloth-sandwiched bakelite, so that the low temperature can be delayed to the maximum extent and transmitted to the lower part of the tester, and the normal work of the tension and pressure sensor 14 without being influenced in the test process is ensured. The lower bottom surface of the Dewar cooling container 10 is connected with a measuring head of a pulling pressure sensor 14 through a pulling pressure sensor connecting piece 13, and low-temperature glue is adopted for bonding between the Dewar cooling container 10 and the pulling pressure sensor connecting piece 13 and between the pulling pressure sensor connecting piece 13 and the measuring head of the pulling pressure sensor 14.
Superconducting blocks 12 are arranged in a cylindrical groove in a Dewar cooling container 10, a plurality of radial threaded through holes are formed in the wall of the cylindrical groove at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of radial locking screws 11 in the Dewar cooling container 10 are matched with thin nuts to be arranged in the threaded through holes in a penetrating mode to fasten the superconducting blocks 12. The dewar cooling vessel 10 is adapted to be mounted on superconducting blocks 12 of different diameters by means of radial screw fastening.
The supporting frame uses four upright posts 7 as supports, the four upright posts 7 are fixed on the ground or a heavy block through foundation bolts, and the top ends of the four upright posts are fixedly connected through a plurality of top cross beams 8. The displacement sensor 15 is a contact displacement sensor 15, and is fixedly mounted on the table top of the lifting platform 17 in a vertical manner through a sensor mounting base 16, the central axis is perpendicular to the table top of the lifting platform 17, and the contact element is in contact with the top cross beam 8 of the supporting frame and is positioned on the outer side of the vibration exciter 2.
The vibration exciter 2 is an SA-JZ002 electrodynamic vibration exciter 2, the vibration exciting signal form supplied by the signal generator is sinusoidal, the vibration frequency is 2-20kHz, most vibration working conditions in actual operation can be simulated, the maximum exciting force of the vibration exciter 2 is 12N, the maximum stroke is 6mm, and taking an yttrium barium copper oxide superconductor with the diameter of 30mm as an example, the superconductor has the superconducting magnetic force of about 10N at the position of a 1cm gap in an external magnetic field provided by the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 6, so that the SA-JZ002 electrodynamic vibration exciter 2 can generate the exciting force equivalent to the magnitude of the superconducting magnetic force at the corresponding gap, and the test requirement is met.
Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the QLTSC with the maximum measurement range of 200N is used for pulling the pressure sensor 14, and the PT-SD408 lifting platform 17 and the KTR displacement sensor 15 are used for lifting.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a test method of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester based on the simulated vibration working condition, which comprises the following steps of testing the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different excitation frequencies, different excitation amplitudes and different initial cooling gaps:
the first group of tests of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different excitation frequencies are carried out according to the following steps:
step a1, driven by the lifting platform 17, detecting by the displacement sensor 15, and adjusting the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block material 12 and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 6 to be the initial cooling gap H0Electrifying the tester, adjusting the input current of the vibration exciter 2, and determining the vibration exciting amplitude;
step a2, injecting liquid nitrogen into the Dewar cooling container 10 to enable the liquid nitrogen surface to be higher than the upper surface of the superconducting block material 12, after the superconducting block material 12 is fully cooled, driving the superconducting block material by the lifting platform 17 again, detecting the superconducting block material by the displacement sensor 15, and adjusting the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block material 12 and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 6 to be a measurement gap Ht；
A3, starting a signal generator to supply an initial excitation frequency for the vibration exciter 2, acquiring superconducting magnetic data at the initial excitation frequency by pulling the pressure sensor 14, then gradually increasing the excitation frequency, and acquiring superconducting magnetic data at different excitation frequencies by pulling the pressure sensor 14;
step a4, finishing the first group of tests, and stopping the vibration exciter 2;
the second group of tests of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different excitation amplitudes are carried out according to the following steps:
step b1, after the first group of tests are finished, taking the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block material 12 and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 6 as a measurement gap HtOn the basis, the signal generator and the vibration exciter 2 are started again, the excitation frequency of the vibration exciter 2 is set and kept unchanged, the input current of the vibration exciter 2 is changed gradually to adjust the excitation amplitude, and the superconducting magnetic force data under different excitation amplitudes are obtained through the tension and pressure sensor 14;
step b2, finishing the second group of tests, and stopping the vibration exciter 2;
the third group of tests of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different initial cooling gaps are carried out according to the following steps:
step c1, after the second group of tests is completed, completely volatilizing the liquid nitrogen in the Dewar cooling container 10 until the superconducting bulk material 12 returns to the normal state from the superconducting state;
step c2, driven by the lifting platform 17, detecting by the displacement sensor 15, and adjusting the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block material 12 and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 6 to be the initial cooling gap H01；
Step c3, starting the signal generator, adjusting the input current of the vibration exciter 2, setting the excitation frequency and the excitation amplitude of the vibration exciter 2 and keeping the excitation frequency and the excitation amplitude unchanged;
step c4, injecting liquid nitrogen into the Dewar cooling container 10 to enable the liquid nitrogen surface to be higher than the upper surface of the superconducting block material 12, after the superconducting block material 12 is fully cooled, driving the superconducting block material by the lifting platform 17 again, detecting the superconducting block material by the displacement sensor 15, and adjusting the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block material 12 and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 6 to be a measurement gap Ht；
Step c5, obtaining the initial cooling gap H by pulling the pressure sensor 1401Lower superconducting magnetic data;
step c6, repeating steps c1-c5, obtaining different initial cooling gaps H by pulling the pressure sensor 1401-H0nLower superconducting magnetic data;
and c7, completing the third group of tests, and powering off the tester.
In summary, the vertical distance between the upper end surface of the superconductor and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 6 is changed by the tester of the embodiment through the lifting platform 17 and the displacement sensor 15, the vibration exciter 2 is driven by the signal generator externally connected to the tester to drive the permanent magnet 6 to generate sinusoidal vibration with a certain frequency and amplitude, and the pulling pressure sensor 14 below the dewar cooling container 10 acquires superconducting magnetic force data under the vibration working condition. The dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester and the testing method for simulating the vibration working condition provided by the embodiment of the invention are brand new, the testing instrument of the type is not available at present, the function of the testing instrument is to accurately measure the superconducting magnetic force characteristic in practical engineering application, the blank of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester is filled, the superconducting magnetic force tester is beneficial to obtaining the superconducting magnetic force characteristic closer to the real working condition, and the testing instrument and the testing method are valuable for improving the design reliability of a superconducting magnetic force device.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester for simulating vibration working conditions is characterized in that: the tester is of a split structure and consists of independent superconducting block assemblies and permanent magnet assemblies;
the superconducting block assembly supports a Dewar cooling container with a superconducting block fixedly mounted inside through a lifting platform, a pull pressure sensor is mounted between the bottom end of the Dewar cooling container and the table top of the lifting platform, the lifting platform drives the pull pressure sensor and the Dewar cooling container to move up and down, and a displacement sensor used for measuring a vertical gap value between the upper end face of the superconducting block and the lower end face of a permanent magnet is mounted on the lifting platform;
the permanent magnet assembly comprises a vibration exciter, a permanent magnet fixedly arranged at the end of an ejector rod of the vibration exciter and a supporting frame for suspending the vibration exciter and the permanent magnet above the superconducting block material, a signal generator externally connected with a tester supplies vibration excitation signals to the vibration exciter, and the ejector rod of the vibration exciter, the permanent magnet, the superconducting block material and a measuring head of the tension and pressure sensor are coaxially arranged from top to bottom.
2. The dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester simulating vibration conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the permanent magnet and the superconducting block are both in short column structures, the superconducting block is an yttrium barium copper oxide superconductor, the permanent magnet is an neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, and the outer diameter of the permanent magnet is 3-5mm larger than that of the superconducting block.
3. The dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester simulating vibration conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Dewar cooling container is made of a cloth-sandwiched bakelite material.
4. The dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester simulating vibration conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the superconducting blocks are arranged in a cylindrical groove in the Dewar cooling container and are fastened by a plurality of radial locking screws which are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction in the Dewar cooling container.
5. The dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester simulating vibration conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the displacement sensor is a contact type displacement sensor, and is fixedly arranged on the table top of the lifting platform in a vertical manner through a sensor mounting base, the central axis is perpendicular to the table top of the lifting platform, and the contact element is contacted with the top cross beam of the supporting frame.
6. The dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester simulating vibration conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vibration exciter is hung on a top cross beam of the supporting frame through a vibration exciter mounting base, the ejector rod faces downwards, and the permanent magnet is mounted at the rod end through a permanent magnet connecting piece.
7. The dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester simulating vibration conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vibration exciter is an SA-JZ002 electrodynamic vibration exciter, the vibration exciting signal form supplied by the signal generator is sine, the vibration frequency is 2-20kHz, the maximum exciting force is 12N, and the maximum stroke is 6 mm.
8. A test method of a dynamic superconducting magnetic force tester based on the simulated vibration working condition of any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the test of dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different excitation frequencies, different excitation amplitudes and different initial cooling gaps, and is characterized in that:
the first group of tests of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different excitation frequencies are carried out according to the following steps:
step a1, driven by a lifting platform, detecting by a displacement sensor, and adjusting the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet to be an initial cooling gap H0Electrifying the tester, adjusting the input current of the vibration exciter, and determining the vibration exciting amplitude;
step a2, injecting liquid nitrogen into the Dewar cooling container to enable the liquid nitrogen surface to be higher than the upper surface of the superconducting block, after the superconducting block is fully cooled, driving the superconducting block by the lifting platform again, detecting the superconducting block by the displacement sensor, and adjusting the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet to be a measurement gap Ht；
A3, starting a signal generator to supply an initial excitation frequency for a vibration exciter, acquiring superconducting magnetic data at the initial excitation frequency by pulling a pressure sensor, then gradually increasing the excitation frequency, and acquiring superconducting magnetic data at different excitation frequencies by pulling the pressure sensor;
step a4, finishing the first group of tests, and stopping the vibration exciter;
the second group of tests of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different excitation amplitudes are carried out according to the following steps:
step b1, after the first group of tests are finished, taking a vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet as a measurement gap HtOn the basis, starting the signal generator and the vibration exciter again, setting the excitation frequency of the vibration exciter and keeping the excitation frequency unchanged, gradually changing the input current of the vibration exciter to adjust the excitation amplitude, and acquiring superconducting magnetic force data under different excitation amplitudes through a tension and pressure sensor;
step b2, finishing the second group of tests, and stopping the vibration exciter;
the third group of tests of the dynamic superconducting magnetic force under different initial cooling gaps are carried out according to the following steps:
step c1, after the second group of tests are completed, completely volatilizing the liquid nitrogen in the Dewar cooling container until the superconducting bulk material returns to the normal state from the superconducting state;
step c2, driven by the lifting platform and detected by the displacement sensor, adjusting the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet to be the initial cooling gap H01；
Step c3, starting the signal generator, adjusting the input current of the vibration exciter, setting the vibration exciting frequency and the vibration exciting amplitude of the vibration exciter and keeping the vibration exciting frequency and the vibration exciting amplitude unchanged;
step c4, injecting liquid nitrogen into the Dewar cooling container to enable the liquid nitrogen surface to be higher than the upper surface of the superconducting block, after the superconducting block is fully cooled, driving the superconducting block by the lifting platform again, detecting the superconducting block by the displacement sensor, and adjusting the vertical gap value H between the upper end surface of the superconducting block and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet to be a measurement gap Ht；
Step c5, obtaining the initial cooling clearance H through the pulling pressure sensor01Lower superconducting magnetic data;
step c6, repeating the steps c1-c5, and acquiring different initial cooling gaps H by pulling the pressure sensor01-H0nLower superconducting magnetic data;
and c7, completing the third group of tests, and powering off the tester.
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| CN113777487A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Demagnetization environment simulation device and method for predicting aging demagnetization risk of permanent magnet motor |
| CN115586472A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-01-10 | 南通鑫磁机械制造有限公司 | Test platform with interference simulation function for testing performance of electromagnet |
| WO2024050991A1 (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-14 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Electric magnetic-levitation magnet vibration and impact test apparatus |
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| CN113777487A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Demagnetization environment simulation device and method for predicting aging demagnetization risk of permanent magnet motor |
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