CN106197964B - Magnetic suspension dual-rotor structure testing device - Google Patents
Magnetic suspension dual-rotor structure testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106197964B CN106197964B CN201610484891.1A CN201610484891A CN106197964B CN 106197964 B CN106197964 B CN 106197964B CN 201610484891 A CN201610484891 A CN 201610484891A CN 106197964 B CN106197964 B CN 106197964B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic suspension double-rotor structure testing device, and belongs to the technical field of machinery. The test device comprises a platform, two magnetic suspension bearing seats, at least one set of outer rotating shaft loading assembly, at least one set of inner rotating shaft loading assembly, at least 2 sensor groups and a processor; the two magnetic suspension bearing seats are respectively fixed on the platform, stators of the two magnetic suspension bearings are respectively fixed on the two magnetic suspension bearing seats, and the outer rotating shaft loading assembly is used for applying force to the outer rotating shaft along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft and measuring the force applied along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft; the first sensor group is used for acquiring radial displacement of the outer rotating shaft in the x direction and the y direction respectively; the second sensor group is used for acquiring radial displacement of the inner rotating shaft in the x direction and the y direction respectively; the processor is used for receiving signals collected by the sensor group, receiving force signals measured by the outer rotating shaft loading assembly, receiving force signals measured by the inner rotating shaft loading assembly and analyzing the received signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machinery, in particular to a magnetic suspension dual-rotor structure testing device.
Background
The turbine engine is an important component of the aircraft engine and is used for driving a compressor of the aircraft engine to work. Turbine engines are classified into single-rotor, twin-rotor, and multi-rotor turbine engines according to the number of different rotating shafts.
Wherein the twin-rotor turbine engine is provided with a twin-rotor structure. Generally, the dual rotor structure includes two rotating shafts, a high pressure rotating shaft and a low pressure rotating shaft. One end of the high-pressure rotating shaft is connected with a high-pressure turbine of the turbine engine, and the other end of the high-pressure rotating shaft is connected with the high-pressure compressor. The high-pressure rotating shaft is a hollow shaft, one end of the low-pressure rotating shaft is connected with a low-pressure turbine of the turbine engine, and the other end of the low-pressure rotating shaft penetrates through the hollow part of the high-pressure rotating shaft and then is connected with the low-pressure compressor. When the turbine engine works, the high-pressure compressor is driven by the high-pressure rotating shaft to rotate at a high speed, and the low-pressure compressor is driven by the low-pressure rotating shaft to rotate at a low speed. In order to ensure that the high-pressure rotating shaft and the low-pressure rotating shaft rotate independently, a rolling bearing B is arranged between the high-pressure rotating shaft and the low-pressure rotating shaft, and the low-pressure rotating shaft is supported by the rolling bearing B; and the high-pressure rotating shaft is fixed on a casing of the aircraft engine through a rolling bearing C.
With the magnetic suspension supporting technology getting more and more attention and attention, it is conceivable to apply the magnetic suspension bearing to the dual-rotor structure.
Compared with other bearings, the magnetic suspension bearing can adjust the support characteristics in a large range in real time according to the system state and requirements, and can better match the performance of an aircraft engine, but when the aircraft engine runs, the magnetic suspension bearing has high utilization rate requirement of magnetic materials, large change of material working points and strong nonlinear characteristics of magnetic field distribution, so that it is difficult to obtain intelligent matching of the support characteristics of the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure and the performance of the aircraft engine. In order to research the matching characteristic of the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure and an aircraft engine, a test device specially configured for the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test device of a magnetic suspension double-rotor structure, which aims to research the matching characteristic of the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure and an aircraft engine. The technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides a test device of a magnetic suspension double-rotor structure, which is suitable for the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure, the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure comprises an inner rotating shaft, an outer rotating shaft and two magnetic suspension bearings, the outer rotating shaft is a hollow shaft, the outer rotating shaft is sleeved on the inner rotating shaft, two ends of the inner rotating shaft respectively extend out of two ends of the outer rotating shaft, the inner rotating shaft is rotatably fixed on the outer rotating shaft, the two magnetic suspension bearings are respectively arranged at two ends of the outer rotating shaft,
the outer rotating shaft is rotatably fixed on the test device through the two magnetic suspension bearings, and the test device comprises a platform, two magnetic suspension bearing seats, at least one outer rotating shaft loading assembly, at least one inner rotating shaft loading assembly, at least 2 sensor groups and a processor;
the two magnetic suspension bearing seats are respectively fixed on the platform, and stators of the two magnetic suspension bearings are respectively fixed on the two magnetic suspension bearing seats;
the outer rotating shaft loading assembly is used for applying force to the outer rotating shaft along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft and measuring the force applied along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft;
the inner rotating shaft loading assembly is used for applying force along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft to the inner rotating shaft and measuring the force applied along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft;
the at least 2 sensor groups comprise at least one first sensor group and at least one second sensor group, and the first sensor group is used for acquiring radial displacement of the outer rotating shaft in the x direction and the y direction respectively; the second sensor group is used for acquiring radial displacement of the inner rotating shaft in the x direction and the y direction respectively, the x direction is vertical to the y direction, and the y direction is the gravity direction;
the processor is respectively electrically connected with the sensor group, the outer rotating shaft loading assembly and the inner rotating shaft loading assembly, and is used for receiving signals collected by the sensor group, receiving force signals which are measured by the outer rotating shaft loading assembly and applied along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft, receiving force signals which are measured by the inner rotating shaft loading assembly and applied along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft, and analyzing the received signals.
Optionally, the at least one set of outer spindle loading assembly is fixed on the platform and located between the two magnetic suspension bearing seats;
the outer rotating shaft loading assembly comprises a first magnetic conductive ring, a first iron core support, a first force sensor support and a first current source;
the first magnetic conductive ring is a hollow shaft, the first magnetic conductive ring is sleeved on the outer rotating shaft, the first iron core is a U-shaped iron core, first coils are symmetrically wound on two support legs of the first iron core respectively, the open end of the first iron core faces the first magnetic conductive ring and has a gap with the first magnetic conductive ring, the gap between the first iron core and the first magnetic conductive ring is not smaller than the gap between a stator and a rotor of the magnetic suspension bearing, the first iron core is fixed on the first iron core support, the first force sensor is clamped between the first iron core support and the first force sensor support, and the first force sensor support is fixed on the platform; the first current source is electrically connected with the first coil and is used for outputting specified current to the first coil; the first force sensor is electrically connected to the processor.
Optionally, the at least one set of inner spindle loading assemblies is fixed on the platform and is close to one of the two magnetic levitation bearing seats, and the magnetic levitation bearing seat adjacent to the at least one set of inner spindle loading assemblies is located between the at least one set of inner spindle loading assemblies and the at least one set of outer spindle loading assemblies.
Optionally, the outer wall of the first magnetic conductive ring is provided with a first flange along the radial direction, the first flange is uniformly provided with first through holes, and the first flange is opposite to the opening of the first iron core.
Optionally, the first magnetic conductive ring is an electrical pure iron magnetic conductive ring.
Optionally, the first iron core comprises two U-shaped magnetism isolating sheets and a plurality of stacked U-shaped silicon steel sheets, the magnetism isolating sheets are the same as the silicon steel sheets in shape, and the plurality of stacked U-shaped silicon steel sheets are located between the two U-shaped magnetism isolating sheets.
Optionally, the first force sensor is respectively in threaded connection with the first iron core support and the first force sensor support.
Optionally, the test device includes two sets of the outer rotor shaft loading assemblies and one set of the inner rotor shaft loading assembly, and the two sets of the outer rotor shaft loading assemblies are symmetrically distributed along the center of the outer rotor shaft.
Optionally, each sensor group comprises two displacement sensors, and the displacement sensors are eddy current displacement sensors.
Optionally, the testing apparatus further includes a first motor and a second motor, an output shaft of the first motor is connected to the outer rotating shaft, and an output shaft of the second motor is connected to the inner rotating shaft.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure can be rotationally fixed on the test rotor through the magnetic suspension bearing seat; applying a force along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft to the outer rotating shaft by adopting an outer rotating shaft loading assembly, and measuring the force applied along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft; applying a force along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft to the inner rotating shaft by adopting the inner rotating shaft loading assembly, and measuring the force applied along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft; adopting a sensor group to acquire radial displacement of the outer rotating shaft and the inner rotating shaft in the horizontal direction and the gravity direction respectively; a processor is adopted to receive signals collected by the sensor group, receive force signals applied along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft and measured by the outer rotating shaft loading assembly, receive force signals applied along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft and measured by the inner rotating shaft loading assembly, and analyze the received signals to obtain an analysis result; the test device can complete the test of the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure, thereby meeting the requirement of researching the matching characteristic of the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure and an aircraft engine.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure testing device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer spindle loading assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner spindle loading assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a left side view of fig. 8.
In the figure: a machine box, a 10 inner rotating shaft, a 11 outer rotating shaft, a 121 magnetic suspension bearing, a 122 front end cover, a 123 middle end cover, a 124 rear end cover, a 125 first rolling bearing, a 131 permanent magnet bearing, a 132 intermediate bearing, a 20 platform, 21 two magnetic suspension bearing seats, a 22 outer rotating shaft loading assembly, a 22a first magnetic conduction ring, a 22b first iron core, a 22c first coil, a 22d first iron core support, a 22e first force sensor, a 22f first force sensor support, a 22g first flange, a 22h first through hole, a 22i first pressing plate, a 22j first bolt, a 23 inner rotating shaft loading assembly, a 23a second magnetic conduction ring, a 23b second iron core, a 23c second coil, a 23d second iron core support, a 23e second force sensor, a 23f second force sensor support, a 23g second flange, a 23h second through hole, a 24 displacement sensor, a 25 first motor, a first coupler, a 26 second motor, 26a second coupling.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to facilitate understanding of the testing apparatus of the magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure is first described with reference to fig. 1 and 2. As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic levitation dual rotor structure includes an inner rotating shaft 10, an outer rotating shaft 11, and two magnetic levitation bearings 121. The outer rotating shaft 11 is a hollow shaft, the outer rotating shaft 11 is sleeved on the inner rotating shaft 10, and two ends of the inner rotating shaft 10 respectively extend out of two ends of the outer rotating shaft 11. The inner rotating shaft 10 is rotatably fixed on the outer rotating shaft 11, two magnetic suspension bearings 121 are respectively installed at two ends of the outer rotating shaft 11, and the outer rotating shaft 11 is rotatably fixed on a casing A of the turbine engine through the two magnetic suspension bearings 121.
When the testing device is used for testing the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure, the testing device replaces a casing A, and the outer rotating shaft 11 is rotatably fixed on the testing device through two magnetic suspension bearings 121.
The magnetic suspension double-rotor structure further comprises two sets of bearing installation components, and the two sets of bearing installation components are respectively used for fixing the two magnetic suspension bearings 121. The bearing mounting assembly includes a front end cap 122, a middle end cap 123, a rear end cap 124, and a first rolling bearing 125. The front end cover 122, the middle end cover 123 and the rear end cover 124 are transparent covers, and the front end cover 122, the middle end cover 123 and the rear end cover 124 are all sleeved on the outer rotating shaft 11. The outer wall of the middle end cover 123 and the outer wall of the rear end cover 124 are fixedly connected with the casing A. The stator of the magnetic suspension bearing 121 is installed between the middle end cover 123 and the rear end cover 124, the rotor of the magnetic suspension bearing 121 is sleeved on the outer rotating shaft 11, the rotor of the same magnetic suspension bearing 121 is opposite to the stator, and the rear end covers 124 of the two sets of bearing installation components are opposite.
Both ends of the outer rotating shaft 11 are respectively provided with a shaft shoulder on which a rotor of the magnetic suspension bearing 121 can be mounted. The front end cap 122 is fixed on the middle end cap 123 in the same bearing mounting assembly, the middle end cap 123 is located between the front end cap 122 and the rear end cap 124 in the same bearing mounting assembly, and the stator of the first rolling bearing 125 in the same bearing mounting assembly is mounted between the front end cap 122 and the middle end cap 123. The rotor of the first rolling bearing 125 is sleeved on the outer rotating shaft 11, a gap exists between the rotor of the first rolling bearing 125 and the outer rotating shaft 11, and the gap between the rotor of the first rolling bearing 125 and the outer rotating shaft 11 is smaller than the gap between the rotor of the magnetic suspension bearing 121 and the stator of the magnetic suspension bearing 121; the stator of the first rolling bearing 125 is opposed to the rotor of the first rolling bearing 125, and a gap is present between the rotor of the first rolling bearing 125 and the adjacent shoulder.
Each magnetic suspension bearing 121 is provided with at least two displacement sensors, the displacement sensors of the magnetic suspension bearings 121 are mounted on the rear end cover 124, the displacement sensors on the same rear end cover 124 are orthogonally distributed and are all distributed along the radial direction of the magnetic suspension bearing 121, and the probes of the displacement sensors on the magnetic suspension bearings 121 point to the circumferential surface of the outer rotating shaft 11.
The invention is not limited to the type of the magnetic suspension bearing 121, and the magnetic suspension bearing 121 may be an electromagnetic bearing or a hybrid magnetic suspension bearing.
Wherein the inner rotary shaft 10 is rotatably fixed to the outer rotary shaft 11 by two sets of bearings. Two sets of bearings are respectively distributed at two ends of the outer rotating shaft 11. The invention is not limited to the structure of the support, which may be constituted by a magnetic bearing, such as the permanent magnet bearing 131 shown in fig. 1; the support may also be formed by other bearings, as shown in fig. 2, and the permanent magnet bearing in the support may be replaced by an intermediate bearing 132. The intermediate bearing 132 may be a rolling bearing.
It should be noted that the magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2 is only used for example, and in an application, other structures of the magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure may exist, and it is easily understood that the test apparatus provided by the present invention is also applicable to other structures of the magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure.
Examples
The embodiment of the invention provides a test device of a magnetic suspension double-rotor structure, which is suitable for the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure shown in figure 1 or figure 2. The magnetic suspension double-rotor structure comprises an inner rotating shaft 10, an outer rotating shaft 11 and two magnetic suspension bearings 121, wherein the outer rotating shaft 11 is a hollow shaft, the outer rotating shaft 11 is sleeved on the inner rotating shaft 10, two ends of the inner rotating shaft 10 respectively extend out of two ends of the outer rotating shaft 11, the inner rotating shaft 10 is rotatably fixed on the outer rotating shaft 11, and the two magnetic suspension bearings 121 are respectively installed at two ends of the outer rotating shaft 11. Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the outer shaft 11 is rotatably fixed to the testing apparatus by two magnetic bearings 121.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the testing apparatus includes a platform 20, two magnetic levitation bearing seats 21, at least one set of outer spindle loading assembly 22, at least one set of inner spindle loading assembly 23, at least 2 sensor groups, and a processor. Each sensor group comprises two displacement sensors 24. Two magnetic suspension bearing seats 21 are respectively fixed on the platform 20, and stators of two magnetic suspension bearings 121 are respectively fixed on the two magnetic suspension bearing seats 21.
At least one set of outer spindle loading assemblies 22 is secured to the platform 20 between the two magnetic bearing blocks 21. The outer rotor shaft loading assembly 22 is configured to apply a force to the outer rotor shaft 11 in a radial direction of the outer rotor shaft 11 and measure the force applied in the radial direction of the outer rotor shaft 11.
At least one set of inner rotary shaft loading assemblies 23 is fixed on the platform 20 and is close to one magnetic levitation bearing seat 21 of the two magnetic levitation bearing seats 21. The maglev bearing mounts 21 adjacent to the at least one set of inner shaft loading assemblies 23 are located between the at least one set of inner shaft loading assemblies 23 and the at least one set of outer shaft loading assemblies 22. The inner rotary shaft loading assembly 23 is used to apply a force in the radial direction of the inner rotary shaft 10 to the inner rotary shaft 10 and to measure the force applied in the radial direction of the inner rotary shaft 10.
The at least 2 sensor groups include at least one first sensor group and at least one second sensor group. The first sensor set is used for acquiring radial displacement of the outer spindle 11 in the x direction and the y direction respectively. The second sensor group is used for acquiring the radial displacement of the inner rotating shaft 10 in the x direction and the y direction respectively. The x direction is perpendicular to the y direction, which is the direction of gravity.
The processor is electrically connected to each displacement sensor 24, outer spindle loader assembly 22 and inner spindle loader assembly 23, respectively. The processor is used for receiving the signals collected by the displacement sensor 24, receiving the force signal applied along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft 11 measured by the outer rotating shaft loading assembly 22, receiving the force signal applied along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft 10 measured by the inner rotating shaft loading assembly 23, and analyzing the received signals to obtain an analysis result.
Wherein, the magnetic suspension bearing seat 21 is ring-shaped. The stators of the two magnetic bearings 121 are respectively fixed on the two magnetic bearing seats 21, and specifically includes that the middle end cover 123 and the rear end cover 124 are both fixedly connected with the magnetic bearing seats 21, and the stators of the magnetic bearings 121 are clamped in the magnetic bearing seats 21.
One displacement sensor 24 in the first sensor group acquires the radial displacement of the outer rotating shaft 11 in the x direction, and the other displacement sensor 24 in the first sensor group acquires the radial displacement of the outer rotating shaft 11 in the y direction. Similarly, one displacement sensor 24 of the second sensor group acquires the radial displacement of the inner rotating shaft 10 in the x direction, and the other displacement sensor 24 of the second sensor group acquires the radial displacement of the inner rotating shaft 10 in the y direction.
Optionally, displacement sensor 24 is an eddy current displacement sensor.
Preferably, the assay device comprises 3 sensor groups, the 3 sensor groups comprising 2 first sensor groups. The 2 first sensor groups are respectively collected, and the radial displacement of the outer rotating shaft 11 in the x direction and the radial displacement of the outer rotating shaft 11 in the y direction are respectively collected at two different positions on the outer rotating shaft 11.
In an application, two displacement sensors of the magnetic bearing 121 configuration can be respectively adopted as the displacement sensors 24 in the 2 first sensor groups.
In application, a second sensor set may be mounted on the middle cap 123. The two displacement sensors 24 in the second sensor group are orthogonally distributed and are distributed along the radial direction of the middle end cover 123, and the probes of the two displacement sensors 24 in the second sensor group are directed to the circumferential surface of the inner rotating shaft 10.
The test device provided by the invention can be used for carrying out static suspension and static loading suspension experiments and static coupling experiments on the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure.
The procedure of the static levitation and static loading levitation experiment includes, first, starting the magnetic levitation bearing 121 of the magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure to make the outer rotor shaft 11 and the inner rotor shaft 10 in the static levitation state, and ensuring that no force is applied by the outer rotor shaft loading assembly 22 and the inner rotor shaft loading assembly 23, respectively. At this time, the displacement of the outer spindle 11 and the inner spindle 10 in the x direction and the y direction, respectively, measured by the displacement sensor 24 is recorded by the processor; the force measured by the outer spindle loading assembly 22 in the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft 11 and the force measured by the inner spindle loading assembly 23 in the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft 10 are recorded by the processor.
Secondly, an external force is applied to the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft 11 through the outer rotating shaft loading assembly 22 according to requirements, and an external force can be applied to the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft 10 and the inner rotor 15 through the inner rotating shaft loading assembly 23 according to requirements, so that the outer rotating shaft 11 and the inner rotating shaft 10 are in a static loading suspension state. At this time, the displacement of the outer rotating shaft 11 and the inner rotating shaft 10 in the x direction and the y direction, respectively, measured by the displacement sensor 24 is recorded by the processor, and the force applied to the outer rotating shaft 11 in the radial direction, measured by the outer rotating shaft loading assembly 22, and the force applied to the inner rotating shaft 10 in the radial direction, measured by the inner rotating shaft loading assembly 23, are recorded by the processor.
Finally, the processor analyzes the experimental data (displacement and force) respectively obtained in the static suspension state and the static loading suspension state to obtain the static characteristics of the outer rotating shaft 11 and the inner rotating shaft 10 respectively in the static suspension state and the static loading suspension state.
The procedure of the static coupling experiment includes, first, statically suspending (not rotating) the outer rotor shaft 11 and the inner rotor shaft 10 using a conventional magnetic levitation bearing control algorithm, and simultaneously loading a deterministic signal (including a sinusoidal or square wave signal or pulse) using the outer rotor shaft loading assembly 22 at different positions of the outer rotor shaft 11 and/or simultaneously loading a deterministic signal using the inner rotor shaft loading assembly 23 at different positions of the inner rotor shaft 10, respectively. Secondly, the displacement of the outer rotating shaft 11 and the displacement of the inner rotating shaft 10 in the x direction and the y direction, which are measured by the displacement sensor 24, are recorded by the processor, the displacement signals of the double-rotor structure in the static suspension state are compared and analyzed, the measurement result is compared with the theoretical model result, and the theoretical model is verified and modified.
The structure of the outer rotor shaft loading assembly 22 will now be described with reference to fig. 6 and 7.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the outer spindle loading assembly 22 includes a first flux ring 22a, a first core 22b, a first core support 22d, a first force sensor 22e, a first force sensor support 22f, and a first current source. The first magnetic conductive ring 22a is a hollow shaft, and the first magnetic conductive ring 22a is sleeved on the outer rotating shaft 11. The first core 22b is a U-shaped core, and the first coils 22c are symmetrically wound on two legs of the first core 22 b. The open end of the first core 22b faces the first flux ring 22a, and has a gap with the first flux ring 22 a. The gap between the first iron core 22b and the first magnetic conductive ring 22a is not smaller than the gap between the stator and the rotor of the magnetic bearing 121. The first iron core 22b is fixed on the first iron core support 22d, the first force sensor 22e is clamped between the first iron core support 22d and the first force sensor support 22f, and the first force sensor support 22f is fixed on the platform 20. The first current source is electrically connected to the first coil 22c, and the first current source is configured to output a specified current to the first coil 22 c. The first force sensor 22e is electrically connected to the processor.
The outer shaft loading assembly 22 operates on the principle that the two legs of the first core 22b form a pair of poles. When the first coils 22c of the two legs are energized, the magnetic poles generate electromagnetic force that attracts the first magnetic conductive ring 22a, thereby applying a radial force to the outer rotating shaft in the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft 11.
The structure of the inner pivot loading assembly 23 is similar to the structure of the outer pivot loading assembly 22, and the structure of the inner pivot loading assembly 23 will be described below with reference to fig. 8 and 9.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the inner rotating shaft loading assembly 23 includes a second magnetic conductive ring 23a, a second iron core 23b, a second iron core support 23d, a second force sensor 23e, a second force sensor support 23f, and a second current source. The second magnetic conductive ring 23a is a hollow shaft, and the second magnetic conductive ring 23a is sleeved on the inner rotating shaft 10. The second iron core 23b is a U-shaped iron core, and the second coils 23c are symmetrically wound on two legs of the second iron core 23 b. The open end of the second core 23b faces the second flux ring 23a, and has a gap with the second flux ring 23 a. The gap between the second iron core 23b and the second magnetic conductive ring 23a is not smaller than the gap between the stator and the rotor of the magnetic bearing 121. The second core 23b is fixed to the second core support 23d, and the second force sensor 23e is interposed between the second core support 23d and the second force sensor support 23 f. The second force sensor mount 23f is fixed to the platform 20. A second current source for outputting a specified current to the second coil 23c is electrically connected to the second coil 23 c. The second force sensor 23e is electrically connected to the processor.
Specifically, the working principle of the inner pivot loading assembly 23 is the same as that of the outer pivot loading assembly 22, and will not be described herein.
As an alternative embodiment, the outer wall of the first magnetic conductive ring 22a is provided with a first flange 22g along the radial direction, the first flange 22g is uniformly provided with first through holes 22h, and the first flange 22g is opposite to the opening of the first iron core 22 b. Similarly, the outer wall of the second magnetic conductive ring 23a is provided with a second flange 23g along the radial direction, the second flange 23g is uniformly provided with second through holes 23h, and the second flange 23g is opposite to the opening of the second iron core 23 b.
The first through hole 22h and the second through hole 23h have the same purpose, and the first through hole 22h is used as an example to describe the purpose. The first through hole 22h may be detachably connected to a weight such as a screw. When the first through hole 22h is coupled with a screw, an unbalanced load, for example, a sinusoidal force, may be applied to the outer shaft 11 for simulating a detuned state of the outer shaft 11. It should be noted that, in addition to the screw, other weight may be added through the first through hole 22 h.
Optionally, the first flux ring 22a and the second flux ring 23a are both pure iron flux rings.
Alternatively, referring again to fig. 7, the first flux ring 22a is fixed to the first core holder 22d by the first presser plate 22i and the first bolt 22 j.
Optionally, the first iron core 22b includes two U-shaped magnetism isolating sheets and a plurality of stacked U-shaped silicon steel sheets, the magnetism isolating sheets are the same as the silicon steel sheets in shape, and the plurality of stacked U-shaped silicon steel sheets are located between the two U-shaped magnetism isolating sheets.
Optionally, the first force sensor 22e is respectively in threaded connection with the first core support 22d and the first force sensor support 22 f; the second force sensor 23e is screw-coupled with the second core support 23d and the second force sensor support 23f, respectively.
Optionally, the first force sensor 22e and the second force sensor 23e are both micro pull pressure sensors.
Preferably, the testing apparatus includes two sets of outer rotor loading assemblies 22 and one set of outer rotor loading assemblies 23, wherein the two sets of outer rotor loading assemblies 22 are symmetrically distributed along the center of the outer rotor shaft 11.
Optionally, the testing apparatus further includes a first motor 25 and a second motor 26, an output shaft of the first motor 25 is connected to the outer rotating shaft 11, and an output shaft of the second motor 26 is connected to the inner rotating shaft 10.
Referring again to fig. 3 and 5, the first motor 25 and the second motor 26 may be distributed at both ends of the outer rotating shaft 11 of the magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure to be tested. Specifically, the magnetic levitation bearing seat 21, the at least one set of outer spindle loading assembly 22 and the at least one set of inner spindle loading assembly 23 are disposed between a first motor 25 and a second motor 26, and the at least one set of inner spindle loading assembly 23 is disposed adjacent to the second motor 26.
Alternatively, the output shaft of the first motor 25 is connected to the outer rotary shaft 11 through a first coupling 25a, and the output shaft of the second motor 26 is connected to the inner rotary shaft 10 through a second coupling 26 a. Specifically, the first coupling 25a is disposed at one end of the outer shaft 11, and the second coupling 26a is disposed at the other end of the outer shaft 11. The magnetic levitation bearing seat 21, the at least one set of outer spindle loading assemblies 22 and the at least one set of inner spindle loading assemblies 23 are all located between the first coupling 25a and the second coupling 26a, and the at least one set of inner spindle loading assemblies 23 are located adjacent to the second coupling 26 a.
Alternatively, the first coupling 25a and the second coupling 26a are both diaphragm-type flexible couplings.
The test device provided by the invention can also be used for carrying out rotation and dynamic loading suspension experiments, dynamic coupling experiments and double-rotor system supporting characteristic matching experiments on the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure.
The process of the spin and dynamic load levitation test includes, first, starting the magnetic levitation bearing 141 to keep the outer rotor shaft 11 and the inner rotor shaft 10 in a statically levitated state, then starting the first motor 25 and the second motor 26, and ensuring that the outer rotor shaft loading assembly 22 and the inner rotor shaft loading assembly 23 do not apply any force to keep the outer rotor shaft 11 and the inner rotor shaft 10 in a statically levitated and rotated state, respectively. And, the displacement of the outer spindle 11 and the inner spindle 10 in the x direction and the y direction, respectively, measured by the displacement sensor 24 is recorded by the processor; the force measured by the outer spindle loading assembly 22 in the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft 11 and the force measured by the inner spindle loading assembly 23 in the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft 10 are recorded by the processor.
Then, a static current is applied to the first coil 22c to apply an external force to the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft 11, and a static current is applied to the second coil 23c to apply an external force to the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft 10, so that the outer rotating shaft 11 and the inner rotating shaft 10 are in a dynamic loading suspension and rotation state. The displacement of the outer rotating shaft 11 and the inner rotating shaft 10 in the x direction and the y direction, respectively, measured by the displacement sensor 24 is recorded by the processor, and the force applied to the outer rotating shaft 11 in the radial direction, measured by the outer rotating shaft loading assembly 22, and the force applied to the inner rotating shaft 10 in the radial direction, measured by the inner rotating shaft loading assembly 23, are recorded by the processor. Finally, the processor analyzes the experimental data (displacement and force) respectively obtained in the static suspension and rotation state and the dynamic loading suspension and rotation state, so as to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the outer rotating shaft 11 and the inner rotating shaft 10 respectively in the rotation state and the dynamic loading suspension state.
The dynamic coupling experiment process includes first dynamically levitating (rotating) the outer and inner shafts 11 and 10 using a conventional magnetic levitation bearing control algorithm and changing the rotation speed and the rotation speed ratio of the outer and inner shafts 11 and 10 by the first and second motors 25 and 26, respectively. Second, unbalanced loads are added at different positions of the outer and inner shafts 11 and 10 through the first and second through holes 22h and 23h to simulate dynamic disturbance of the outer and inner shafts 11 and 10. Thirdly, measuring characteristic parameters of the magnetic suspension bearing and dynamic response of the rotor system (including radial displacement of the outer rotating shaft 11 and the inner rotating shaft 10), comparing an experimental result with a dynamic coupling model of the magnetic suspension bearing and a dynamic coupling model of the rotor system, and verifying and correcting a theoretical model.
The process of the birotor system supporting characteristic matching experiment comprises the steps of firstly, designing a plurality of control algorithms of the magnetic suspension bearings in advance, and dynamically suspending a birotor structure by utilizing the control algorithms designed in advance. Secondly, under different suspension conditions (including unloaded rotation, loaded rotation, unloaded non-rotation and loaded non-rotation), the outer rotating shaft loading assembly 22 and the inner rotating shaft loading assembly 23 are used for respectively carrying out transient loading (for example, square waves or pulses are introduced into the first coil 22c and the second coil 23 c) and periodic loading (for example, sinusoidal signals are introduced into the first coil 22c and the second coil 23 c), meanwhile, the supporting characteristic of the magnetic suspension bearing 141 and the dynamic response of the double-rotor structure are measured, the dynamic response and the stability of the double-rotor structure are evaluated, and a theoretical model is verified.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure can be rotatably fixed on the test rotor through the magnetic suspension bearing seat; applying a force along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft to the outer rotating shaft by adopting an outer rotating shaft loading assembly, and measuring the force applied along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft; applying a force along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft to the inner rotating shaft by adopting the inner rotating shaft loading assembly, and measuring the force applied along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft; radial displacement of the outer rotating shaft and the inner rotating shaft in the horizontal direction and the gravity direction respectively is acquired by adopting a displacement sensor; a processor is adopted to receive signals collected by a displacement sensor, receive force signals applied along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft and measured by the outer rotating shaft loading assembly, receive force signals applied along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft and measured by the inner rotating shaft loading assembly, and analyze the received signals to obtain an analysis result; the test device can complete the test of the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure, thereby meeting the requirement of researching the matching characteristic of the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure and an aircraft engine.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A test device of a magnetic suspension double-rotor structure is suitable for the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure, the magnetic suspension double-rotor structure comprises an inner rotating shaft (10), an outer rotating shaft (11) and two magnetic suspension bearings (121), the outer rotating shaft (11) is a hollow shaft, the outer rotating shaft (11) is sleeved on the inner rotating shaft (10), two ends of the inner rotating shaft (10) respectively extend out of two ends of the outer rotating shaft (11), the inner rotating shaft (10) is rotatably fixed on the outer rotating shaft (11), the two magnetic suspension bearings (121) are respectively installed at two ends of the outer rotating shaft (11),
the outer rotating shaft (11) is rotatably fixed on the test device through the two magnetic suspension bearings (121), and the test device comprises a platform (20), two magnetic suspension bearing seats (21), at least one set of outer rotating shaft loading assembly (22), at least one set of inner rotating shaft loading assembly (23), at least 2 sensor groups and a processor;
the two magnetic suspension bearing seats (21) are respectively fixed on the platform (20), and stators of the two magnetic suspension bearings (121) are respectively fixed on the two magnetic suspension bearing seats (21);
the outer rotating shaft loading assembly (22) is used for applying force to the outer rotating shaft (11) along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft (11) and measuring the force applied along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft (11);
the inner rotating shaft loading assembly (23) is used for applying force to the inner rotating shaft (10) along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft (10) and measuring the force applied along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft (10);
the at least 2 sensor groups comprise at least one first sensor group and at least one second sensor group, and the first sensor group is used for acquiring radial displacement of the outer rotating shaft (11) in the x direction and the y direction respectively; the second sensor group is used for collecting radial displacement of the inner rotating shaft (10) in the x direction and the y direction respectively, the x direction is vertical to the y direction, and the y direction is the gravity direction;
the processor is respectively electrically connected with the sensor group, the outer rotating shaft loading assembly (22) and the inner rotating shaft loading assembly (23), and is used for receiving signals collected by the sensor group, force signals which are measured by the outer rotating shaft loading assembly (22) and applied along the radial direction of the outer rotating shaft (11), force signals which are measured by the inner rotating shaft loading assembly (23) and applied along the radial direction of the inner rotating shaft (10) and analyzing the received signals,
the at least one set of external shaft loading assembly (22) is fixed on the platform (20) and is positioned between the two magnetic suspension bearing seats (21); the outer rotating shaft loading assembly (22) comprises a first magnetic conductive ring (22a), a first iron core (22b), a first iron core support (22d), a first force sensor (22e), a first force sensor support (22f) and a first current source; the first magnetic conductive ring (22a) is a hollow shaft, the first magnetic conductive ring (22a) is sleeved on the outer rotating shaft (11), the first iron core (22b) is a U-shaped iron core, two support legs of the first iron core (22b) are respectively and symmetrically wound with first coils (22c), the opening end of the first iron core (22b) faces the first magnetic conductive ring (22a) and has a gap with the first magnetic conductive ring (22a), the gap between the first iron core (22b) and the first magnetic conductive ring (22a) is not smaller than the gap between the stator and the rotor of the magnetic suspension bearing (121), the first iron core (22b) is fixed on the first iron core support (22d), and the first force sensor (22e) is clamped between the first iron core support (22d) and the first force sensor support (22f), the first force sensor support (22f) is fixed on the platform (20); the first current source is electrically connected to the first coil (22c), and the first current source is used for outputting a specified current to the first coil (22 c); the first force sensor (22e) is electrically connected to the processor,
the outer wall of the first magnetic conductive ring (22a) is provided with a first flange (22g) along the radial direction, the first flange (22g) is uniformly provided with first through holes (22h), the first flange (22g) is opposite to the opening of the first iron core (22b),
the first through hole (22h) is used for being detachably connected with a load.
2. The testing apparatus for magnetic levitation dual rotor structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one set of inner rotor loading assemblies (23) is fixed on the platform (20) near one of the two magnetic levitation bearing seats (21), and the magnetic levitation bearing seat (21) adjacent to the at least one set of inner rotor loading assemblies (23) is located between the at least one set of inner rotor loading assemblies (23) and the at least one set of outer rotor loading assemblies (22).
3. The magnetic levitation dual rotor structure test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first flux ring (22a) is an electrician pure iron flux ring.
4. The magnetic levitation dual-rotor structure test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first iron core (22b) comprises two U-shaped magnetism isolating sheets and a plurality of stacked U-shaped silicon steel sheets, the magnetism isolating sheets and the silicon steel sheets are identical in shape, and the plurality of stacked U-shaped silicon steel sheets are located between the two U-shaped magnetism isolating sheets.
5. The magnetic levitation dual rotor structure test apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the first force sensor (22e) is screw-coupled with the first core support (22d) and the first force sensor support (22f), respectively.
6. The testing apparatus for magnetic levitation dual rotor structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the testing apparatus comprises two sets of the outer rotor shaft loading assemblies (22) and one set of the inner rotor shaft loading assemblies (23), and the two sets of the outer rotor shaft loading assemblies (22) are symmetrically distributed along the center of the outer rotor shaft (11).
7. The magnetic levitation dual rotor structure test apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein each sensor group comprises two displacement sensors (24), the displacement sensors (24) being eddy current displacement sensors.
8. The magnetic levitation dual rotor structure test apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the test apparatus further comprises a first motor (25) and a second motor (26), an output shaft of the first motor (25) is connected with the outer rotating shaft (11), and an output shaft of the second motor (26) is connected with the inner rotating shaft (10).
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| CN201610484891.1A CN106197964B (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2016-06-24 | Magnetic suspension dual-rotor structure testing device |
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| CN112629857B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-12-20 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | Birotor bearing tester |
| CN114166516B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-12-27 | 北京化工大学 | Stress test device and system for rotor system connected by arc end teeth |
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