CN104964922B - Contact friction force is with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus and method - Google Patents
Contact friction force is with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104964922B CN104964922B CN201510313503.9A CN201510313503A CN104964922B CN 104964922 B CN104964922 B CN 104964922B CN 201510313503 A CN201510313503 A CN 201510313503A CN 104964922 B CN104964922 B CN 104964922B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of contact-frictional force with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus and method, belong to for power and electricity synchronous measurement technique field.Faraday cup is connected one measuring system synchronously triggered of composition by the present invention with force cell, and contact-friction process between solid is completed inside Faraday cup.Contact-frictional force can be obtained by force sensor measuring, and the corresponding electric charge that contacts then is obtained by Faraday cup measurement.Contact-frictional force between the achievable measurement solid material of the present invention contacts and rubbed the Synchronization Analysis occasion sent a telegraph suitable for solid material with contacting electric charge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind to be used for power and electricity synchronous measurement technique, and in particular to a kind of contact-frictional force is with contacting
Electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus and method.
Technical background
Electricity is physical phenomenon caused by static or mobile electric charge, in the Nature, there is many widely known electricity effects
Should, such as lightning, triboelectrification, electrostatic induction, electromagnetic induction etc..The energy using electric energy as power has promoted human society
Dramatic change.Friction send a telegraph be electricity research beginning, it is known that the intensity, powered positive and negative that different materials are charged by friction,
But friction parameter（Power, relative velocity, contact surface state etc.）The influence sent a telegraph to friction understands not enough.It is an object of the present invention to
A kind of contact force-frictional force and the synchronous test system that friction is sent a telegraph are proposed, the friction between understanding solid is sent a telegraph rule and provided
Research meanses.
Rub and sent a telegraph research discovery：Rub electricity and contact area positive correlation, and friction electricity is unrelated with friction velocity.It is real
Test the probability for showing that contact can influence contact surface electric charge transfer, the factor such as the frequency of contact-friction, Relative sliding distance
Mechanism of action it is not clear.
Study contact-friction force, contact-friction frequency and the actual contact condition of skidding distance, contact surface etc.
The influence that factor is sent a telegraph to contact-friction, it is necessary to accurate, synchronously experiment measures corresponding contact electric charge under such parameter.
Although the people ripe grasp measuring method of contact-frictional force, and explore some effective charge measurements
Technology, however, not having also one kind being capable of contact-frictional force and the method for the corresponding quantity of electric charge between synchro measure solid so far
With corresponding equipment.Usual way is separately to measure exposure parameter and electric charge result, i.e., in contact and friction process first
The parameters such as contact force, contact frequency and skidding distance are measured, then measure electric charge using charge-measuring system.As long as in theory
The time measured twice is short enough, and electric charge scatters and disappears sufficiently small, then the result of measurement is believable to a certain extent.True
This method is worthless in operation, and first, the operation separately measured is extremely difficult；Secondly, the time measured twice can not
Can accomplish it is short enough, time-lag effect and in transfer process is measured the interaction of the medium such as object under test and air can make to treat
The charge dissipation surveyed on object, cause to measure distortion, error is difficult to determine.This rubs contact-frictional force research solid with it
The quantitative relationship wiped between sending a telegraph is totally unfavorable.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind can between synchro measure solid contact-frictional force and the friction amount of sending a telegraph
Measurement apparatus and method.
A kind of contact-frictional force is with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus, it is characterised in that：
Contact-the frictional force includes pedestal, the bottom plate being installed on pedestal with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus；Also wrap
Include the multi-dimension force sensor that two levels are collinearly arranged；The lateral ends of two multi-dimension force sensors are respectively installed by force snesor
Platform is fixed on the bottom plate, and the inner opposite end of two multi-dimension force sensors passes through the faraday of Faraday cup gripping means grips one
Cylinder；Two multi-dimension force sensors form parallel-connection structure；Faraday cup is made up of metal outer cylinder and inner cylinder, passes through insulation between the two
Layer is fixed；One objective table is installed, lower sample is arranged on loading countertop by clamping structure or part in above-mentioned Faraday cup
On；Contact-the frictional force is upper on pedestal also including being installed on by three-dimensional mobile platform with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus
Fixture erecting bed, upper sample are arranged on upper fixture erecting bed lower end by upper fixture；
Contact-the frictional force with contact electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus also include digital charge meter, mobile platform control cabinet,
Force signal conditioner, control terminal；
The outer barrel ground connection of above-mentioned Faraday cup, inner cylinder pass through digital charge meter and the first signal acquisition terminal phase for controlling terminal
Even；Above-mentioned multi-dimension force sensor is by force signal conditioner with controlling the secondary signal collection terminal of terminal to be connected；Above-mentioned control is whole
The driving signal output end at end is connected by mobile platform control cabinet with the signal input part of the motor of three-dimensional mobile platform.
The method for synchronizing measurement with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus using above-mentioned contact-frictional force, its feature exist
In including procedure below：
By controlling final drive three-dimensional mobile platform upper and lower sample is reached critical contact position, the critical contact position
Multi-dimension force sensor can just measure power when putting；
After being reset during experiment initialization to the force signal capture program in control terminal, charge signal capture program and start
Record；
During experiment using control normal load that terminal and mobile platform control cabinet control upper sample to play relatively between sample,
Sliding velocity, skidding distance, slip frequency, are tested；
After experiment, Mechanical Data and electrical data are handled respectively in control terminal.
Compared to traditional measurement method, the present invention is by mechanical meaurement system and electrical measurement system in terms of hardware and software
Integrated processing is carried out.By the multi-dimension force sensor for mechanical meaurement and the Faraday cup for electrical measurement on hardware
One entirety is connected into by clamping device, Faraday cup is also acted biography in addition to the function of displaying its own charge measurement
Pass the effect of power.By such integrated processing, by the friction process of material and charge measurement process can simultaneously, it is complete together
Into.This without avoid in traditional measurement method because measurement apparatus is different must not without style transfer caused by electric charge
Dissipate, it is thus also avoided that shift the complicated processes of sample.On software, by mechanical signal acquisition software and electrical signal acquisition software
It is combined into one, is truly realized synchronous acquisition, display and the analysis of two kinds of signals.By mobile to three-dimensional flat in control terminal
The setting of platform kinematic parameter, the experiment of differentiated friction parameter influence can be completed.Each multi-dimension force sensor of the present invention is equal
With the ability for measuring horizontally and vertically direction force, final measurement result after electric bridge parallel connection by exporting.General Mechanics senses
Device is often vulnerable to the influence of load over centre torque and reduces the accuracy of measurement result, and two multi-dimensional forces are used in the present invention
Parallel connection on sensor construction eliminates the influence of load over centre.The parallel connection of measuring bridge improves the degree of accuracy of measurement.
Above-mentioned objective table includes the round platform on top and the pillar of bottom；Lower specimen holder is devised on the top surface of round platform；Circle
Platform is divided into the sector of four equidimensions by cross bath, and round platform center is cone tank；The bottom of cone tank is screwed hole, spiral shell
Pit runs through pillar；Cone tank is embedded with circular cone, is bolted.
On the one hand this design alleviates the weight of objective table, be on the other hand easy to coordinate with the inwall of Faraday cup.Twist
During tight second bolt circular cone outer rim extruding cone tank make round platform occur elastomeric radial, contour dimension increase after with faraday
Cylinder inwall forms interference fit.Conversely, the elastomeric radial of round platform can be eliminated by loosening the second bolt, facilitate objective table from method
The inside is drawn to take out.Lower end support bar contacted with Faraday cup inwall bottom after be objective table on vertical direction is unable to because by
Pressure and it is movable, further ensure the stabilization of connection.Additionally bolt can be screwed into adjust in the screwed hole of support bar lower end
The height of objective table.
Above-mentioned Faraday cup clamping device is loop configuration；Its main part is a pair of identical semicircular ring compositions
Annular, the little groove that several radiuses are semicircle ring thickness half is evenly equipped with the inwall of annulus；The both ends of semicircular ring are by two
Coplanar vertical auricle completely, holes drilled through on auricle；Two semicircular rings are clamped by the first bolt；Also cloth on the outside of face in semicircular ring
A horizontal auricle is put, for connecting sensor.
It is on the one hand simple to operation that Faraday cup is clamped by loop configuration, on the other hand adds the firm of Faraday cup
Degree and load transference；Symmetrical structure makes the conllinear degree of auricle be guaranteed in clamping.Little groove one on circle ring inner wall
Aspect reduces the local stiffness of annulus, it is easier to is bonded Faraday cup outer wall shape, still further aspect adds Faraday cup
Frictional behaviour between outer wall and circle ring inner wall, make clamping process more firm.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is hardware architecture diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is carrier structure schematic diagram in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is Faraday cup clamping ring structural representation in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is workflow schematic diagram；
Label title in figure：1. pedestal；2. three-dimensional mobile platform；3. motor；4. bottom plate；5. force snesor erecting bed；6.
Multi-dimension force sensor；7. Faraday cup clamping device；7-1. semicircular ring；7-2. little groove；The vertical auricles of 7-3.；The spiral shells of 7-4. first
Bolt；The horizontal auricles of 7-5；8. Faraday cup；9. insulating barrier；10. upper fixture erecting bed；11. upper fixture；Sample on 12.；Under 13.
Sample；14. objective table；14-1. round platforms；14-2. pillars；14-3. circular cones；14-4. the second bolt；14-5. lower specimen holder
Fixing threaded hole；15. digital charge meter；16. mobile platform control cabinet；17. force signal conditioner；18. control terminal.
Embodiment
The present invention be a kind of synchro measure contact-friction factor and rub electricity method and corresponding realization device, under
Face elaborates embodiments of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing.
As shown in figure 1, contact-the frictional force includes pedestal 1 with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus, is installed on pedestal 1
Bottom plate 4；The multi-dimension force sensor 6 that two levels are collinearly arranged；The lateral ends of two multi-dimension force sensors are respectively passed by power
Sensor erecting bed 5 is fixed on the bottom plate 4, and the inner opposite end of two multi-dimension force sensors passes through Faraday cup clamping device 7
Clamp a Faraday cup；One objective table 14 is installed, lower sample 13 is arranged on by clamping structure or part and carried in Faraday cup 8
On the top surface of thing platform 14；Three-dimensional mobile platform 2 is installed on pedestal 1, and upper fixture erecting bed 10 is arranged on the one of three-dimensional mobile platform
On individual sliding block；Upper sample 12 is arranged on the lower end of upper fixture erecting bed 10 by upper fixture 11；The outer barrel ground connection of Faraday cup 8 is interior
Cylinder is by digital charge meter 15 with controlling the first signal acquisition terminal of terminal 18 to be connected；Above-mentioned multi-dimension force sensor 6 is believed by power
Number conditioner 17 is with controlling the secondary signal collection terminal of terminal 18 to be connected；The driving signal output end of above-mentioned control terminal 18 passes through
Mobile platform control cabinet 16 is connected with the signal input part of the motor 3 of three-dimensional mobile platform 2.
Control terminal 18 by the trigger signal of control program by mobile platform control cabinet 16 come motor 3 and then
Control the space operation of three-dimensional mobile platform 2.Lower sample 13 is mounted on the objective table inside Faraday cup 8 by fixture
On.Three-dimensional mobile platform drives the upper sample 12 connected by upper fixture erecting bed 10 and upper fixture 11 to be transported relative to lower sample 13
It is dynamic.Contact action power between them is delivered to multidimensional by objective table 14, by Faraday cup 8 and Faraday cup clamping device 7
On force snesor 6.Multi-dimension force sensor 6 is precision resister strain force sensor, can be with by the parallel connection of structure and electric bridge
The influence come due to contact load active position different band is effectively eliminated, can accurately measure to obtain the contact between sample and make
Firmly.The force signal for measuring to obtain on multi-dimension force sensor 6 is sent after being nursed one's health by force signal conditioner 17 to control terminal 18
Show and store.The movement parameter of three-dimensional mobile station 2, such as displacement, speed and direction can be set in control terminal 18.
Electrical measurement is completed by Faraday cup 8 and digital charge meter 15, and Faraday cup 8 is mutually non-touching by inside and outside two layers
Metal-back is formed, and the height of inner layer metal shell is slightly less than outer layer metal, for producing charge inducing；It is right after outer layer metal shell ground connection
Inner cylinder forms electromagnetic shielding, avoids outer bound pair faraday inner cylinder from interfering；Between double layer of metal shell by resistance be 1014Ω with
On insulating materials for example polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) connect；Contact-friction process of sample electricity caused by progress inside Faraday cup
Lotus on Faraday cup inwall by digital charge meter 15 by the real-time charge inducing for producing equivalent, charge inducing can be read.Control
The quantity of electric charge that digital charge meter 15 is read can be gathered and stored in control terminal 18 by the acquisition software in terminal 18 processed.
Control terminal 18 integrates three-dimensional mobile station control, data storage is shown, Synchronization Control.The device is started working
Afterwards, by controlling terminal 18 come the relative motion between Control Assay, and synchronous acquisition Mechanical Data and electric quantity data.By mechanics
Signal voltage signal and charge data signal voltage signal, which are linked into the different passages of same capture program, can be achieved together
Step collection.
The course of work
The course of work of the system as shown in figure 4, be respectively started each device, by controlling terminal 18 to adjust three-dimensional first
Mobile platform 2 is moved to facilitate specimen clamping；Then suitable fixture and clamping sample are selected according to experiment demand；Pass through control
Terminal 18 drives the position that three-dimensional mobile platform 2 makes upper and lower sample reach critical contact；Set and push in control terminal 18
Start gathered data after the initialization of power electricity acquisition system is reset after the parameters such as distance, sliding velocity, skidding distance；Motor
3 make sample contacts up and down and rub.Control terminal 18 in capture program by synchronization acquisition and recording CONTACT WITH FRICTION process
In active force and corresponding electric charge.
After experiment, Mechanical Data and electrical data can be handled respectively in control terminal 18.This invention
The synchro measure of electricity is sent a telegraph available for contact-frictional force of phase mutual friction between solid and friction, suitable for contact friction electrical measurement
Amount analysis.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of contact-frictional force is with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus, it is characterised in that：
Contact-the frictional force includes pedestal with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus（1）, be installed on pedestal（1）On bottom plate（4）；
Also include the multi-dimension force sensor that two levels are collinearly arranged（6）；The two multi-dimension force sensors（6）Lateral ends respectively pass through
Force snesor erecting bed（5）It is fixed on the bottom plate（4）On, the two multi-dimension force sensors（6）Inner opposite end pass through farad
The clamping device（7）Clamp a Faraday cup（8）；Two multi-dimension force sensors（6）Form parallel-connection structure；Faraday cup is by gold
Belong to outer barrel and inner cylinder composition, pass through insulating barrier between the two（9）It is fixed；Above-mentioned Faraday cup（8）One objective table is inside installed
（14）, lower sample（13）Objective table is arranged on by clamping structure or part（14）On top surface；
Contact-the frictional force also includes passing through three-dimensional mobile platform with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus（2）It is installed on pedestal
（1）On upper fixture erecting bed（10）, upper sample（12）Pass through upper fixture（11）Installed in upper fixture erecting bed（10）Lower end；
Contact-the frictional force also includes digital charge meter with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus（15）, mobile platform control cabinet
（16）, force signal conditioner（17）, control terminal（18）；
Above-mentioned Faraday cup（8）Outer barrel ground connection, inner cylinder passes through digital charge meter（15）With controlling terminal（18）The first signal
Collection terminal is connected；Above-mentioned multi-dimension force sensor（6）Pass through force signal conditioner（17）With controlling terminal（18）Secondary signal adopt
Collection end is connected；Above-mentioned control terminal（18）Driving signal output end pass through mobile platform control cabinet（16）With three-dimensional mobile platform
（2）Motor（3）Signal input part be connected.
2. contact-frictional force according to claim 1 is with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus, it is characterised in that：
Above-mentioned objective table（14）Main part be a T-shape revolving body；Lower specimen holder is devised on the top surface of top round platform
Tool；Round platform is divided into the sector of four equidimensions by cross bath, and round platform center is cone tank；The bottom of cone tank is screw thread
Hole, screwed hole run through lower posts；Cone tank is embedded with circular cone（14-3）, pass through the second bolt（14-4）It is fixed.
3. contact-frictional force according to claim 1 is with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus, it is characterised in that：Above-mentioned method
Draw the clamping device（7）For loop configuration；
The structural body portion is a pair of identical semicircular rings（7-1）The annular of composition, if being evenly equipped with the inwall of annulus
Dry radius is semicircular ring（7-1）The little groove of thickness half（7-2）；Semicircular ring（7-1）Both ends have two it is completely coplanar perpendicular
Straight auricle（7-3）, holes drilled through on auricle；Two semicircular rings（7-1）Pass through the first bolt（7-4）Clamp；Semicircular ring（7-1）Middle face
Outside also arranges a horizontal auricle（7-5）, for connecting sensor.
4. the method for synchronizing measurement with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus using contact-frictional force described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that including procedure below：
By controlling terminal（18）Drive three-dimensional mobile platform（2）Make up and down sample reach critical contact position, it is described critical to connect
Tactile position is multi-dimension force sensor（6）Power can just be measured；
To controlling terminal during experiment initialization（18）In force signal capture program, charge signal capture program reset after and start
Record；
Utilized during experiment and control terminal（18）With mobile platform control cabinet（16）Sample in control（12）Sample is played relatively（13）It
Between normal load, sliding velocity, skidding distance, slip frequency, tested；
After experiment, in control terminal（18）It is upper that Mechanical Data and electrical data are handled respectively.
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| CN201510313503.9A CN104964922B (en) | 2015-06-10 | 2015-06-10 | Contact friction force is with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus and method |
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| CN201510313503.9A CN104964922B (en) | 2015-06-10 | 2015-06-10 | Contact friction force is with contacting electric charge synchronous measuring apparatus and method |
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| CN104964922B true CN104964922B (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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| CN105528946A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-04-27 | 兰州大学 | Ball plate friction electric power-electricity real time measurement device and method |
| CN105784205B (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2019-01-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Motor behavior, counter-force and contact-the friction amount of sending a telegraph synchronized measurement system and method |
| CN106053335A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Sliding simulation testing system |
| CN109696570B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2020-03-10 | 清华大学 | Device and method for detecting microcosmic electric property of friction interface |
| CN110045190B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-08-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Surface contact electrification real-time measuring platform |
| CN111263883A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2020-06-09 | 深圳市大疆百旺科技有限公司 | Measuring device |
| CN111198306B (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2021-03-16 | 清华大学 | Solid-liquid friction electrification charge measuring device |
| CN115213545B (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2023-07-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Solid-phase additive forming control device based on interlayer mechanical sensing |
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| JPS58213259A (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1983-12-12 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Detecting apparatus of surface electric potential |
| CN201837687U (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-05-18 | 兰州大学 | Two-particle-impact live line measurement device |
| CN203012031U (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-06-19 | 四川农业大学 | Device for measuring dynamic changes of friction static electricity and friction performance parameters of insulation material |
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