CN111173175A - Precise forming method of space curved surface GRC curtain wall - Google Patents
Precise forming method of space curved surface GRC curtain wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN111173175A CN111173175A CN202010027568.8A CN202010027568A CN111173175A CN 111173175 A CN111173175 A CN 111173175A CN 202010027568 A CN202010027568 A CN 202010027568A CN 111173175 A CN111173175 A CN 111173175A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010066054 Dysmorphism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
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Abstract
The invention relates to an accurate forming method of a space curved surface GRC curtain wall, which improves the forming accuracy, quality and safety guarantee of GRC curtain wall unit plates and reduces the problems of construction reworking of the curtain wall, falling of an anchoring disc and the like, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of 1, refining parameters of GRC curtain wall unit plates; 2. manufacturing a mold and a back attached steel frame; 3. installing a support system; 4. installing a positioning beam; 5. spraying a release agent; 6. spraying 7 the decorative layer and mounting a back-attached steel frame; 8. installing an embedded part; 9. laying a fiber net; 10. spraying fiber mortar; 11. maintaining; 12. and (6) demolding. The method can improve the forming precision, quality and safety guarantee of the GRC curtain wall unit plate, and simultaneously can avoid the problems of construction reworking of the curtain wall, falling of the anchoring disc and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of design and construction of building curtain walls, in particular to an accurate forming method of a GRC curtain wall with a space curved surface, which improves the forming accuracy, quality and safety guarantee of GRC curtain wall unit plates, and reduces the problems of construction rework of the curtain wall, falling off of an anchoring disc and the like.
Background
The spatial curved surface special-shaped GRC curtain wall has strong visual impact and artistic performance effects, but the spatial curved surface special-shaped GRC curtain wall also provides a small challenge for the construction of a main body structure and the curtain wall.
Before the construction of GRC curtain wall, the structure entity has been accomplished, but often there is certain construction error between structure entity and the original design, especially to some large-scale space curved surface dysmorphism structures, the deviation can appear almost inevitably, this type of structure often requires very high to the manufacturing and the installation accuracy of curtain wall, if do not consider this type of error or deal with improperly, will cause very big difficulty for the construction of GRC curtain wall.
For the preparation of space curved surface dysmorphism GRC curtain unit plate, the precision is the key point of control, though concrete regulation has been made to GRC curtain unit plate anchor rod length, anchor dish size to present standard, nevertheless do not have clear and definite regulation to anchor rod inclination, range position, consequently in the actual preparation of GRC curtain unit plate, often rely on experience and comparatively random, inevitably appear the anchor rod in disorder, cause the installation difficulty.
Meanwhile, the other link directly determining the forming quality of GRC curtain wall unit plates is the positioning of the anchoring disc. The traditional GRC curtain wall unit plate anchoring disc is formed by secondary pouring, the time difference between the traditional GRC curtain wall unit plate anchoring disc and the GRC curtain wall unit plate is about 4-10 hours, and the one-step pouring forming is not realized. The GRC curtain wall unit plate anchoring disc molded by secondary casting has a layering phenomenon with the GRC curtain wall unit plate, particularly, the tensile strength guarantee rate of the GRC curtain wall unit plate anchoring disc produced in winter is low, the proportion of the falling phenomenon of the anchoring disc is high in the process of drawing test, serious quality and potential safety hazards are often generated, and the production and use of the GRC curtain wall unit plate are challenged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems and provides a novel GRC curtain wall forming method, which realizes the accurate positioning of GRC curtain wall component positions by correcting curtain wall design parameters and utilizing a positioning device developed in a matching way, and improves the forming precision, quality and safety of GRC curtain wall unit plates by adopting a one-step pouring forming process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by:
a precise forming method of a space curved surface GRC curtain wall comprises the following steps;
step 3, installing a support system: installing positioning bases at two ends of a GRC curtain wall unit plate mold; adjusting the end positioning device at the upper part of the positioning base according to the geometric dimension of the GRC curtain wall unit plate;
step 4, mounting a positioning beam; fixing the prefabricated positioning beam on a back attachment steel frame of the curtain wall plate at the same time of the step 2; the positioning beam is fixedly connected with the end part of the steel pipe back attached to the steel frame through a snap ring device; the positioning beam is in a circular or square cross section form, a sliding piece device capable of freely sliding on the positioning beam is arranged on the positioning beam, and a small hole is formed in the sliding piece device and is fastened with the positioning beam through bolt tightening; a vertical first angle steel is welded below the sliding piece device, and a vertical sliding groove is formed in the first angle steel; the snap ring device consists of an upper snap ring plate and a lower snap ring plate, a groove is formed in the middle of the upper snap ring plate and the lower snap ring plate, a bolt hole is formed in each of two sides of the upper snap ring plate, a sliding groove is formed in each of two sides of the lower snap ring plate, and the upper snap ring plate and the lower snap ring plate are fastened by bolts penetrating through the bolt holes and the sliding grooves in the two sides; a second angle steel is arranged at the upper part of the clamping ring, a sliding groove is arranged on the second angle steel, and a bolt penetrates through the sliding groove on the second angle steel and the vertical sliding groove on the first angle steel for fastening, so that the second angle steel is fastened with a sliding piece device at the upper part and forms a whole with the positioning beam;
step 5, spraying a release agent: a layer of release agent is sprayed inside the mold by a release agent spray gun so that GRC curtain wall unit plates can be smoothly released;
step 6, spraying of a decorative layer: according to the design requirements of GRC curtain wall unit plates, uniformly spraying a finish coat on the inner side of the mould;
step 7, mounting a back-attached steel frame: hoisting the back attachment steel frame fixed with the positioning beam by using hoisting equipment, hoisting the back attachment steel frame to the position above the curtain wall unit plate mold, mounting the back attachment steel frame from top to bottom, enabling two sides of the positioning beam to fall into grooves of the positioning clamping plates at two end parts, adjusting the position of the back attachment steel frame, ensuring that the back attachment steel frame is within an error control range, and fixing;
step 8, installing embedded parts: installing embedded parts in GRC curtain wall unit plate blocks according to design requirements;
step 9, laying a fiber net: the fiber mesh cloth is fully paved, so that the strength of the GRC curtain wall unit plate is enhanced, meanwhile, the plate is prevented from being fragile and damaged, and the safety and reliability of the GRC curtain wall unit plate are improved;
step 10, spraying fiber mortar;
step 11, maintaining GRC curtain wall unit plates;
step 12, demolding unit plates of GRC curtain walls: detecting the strength of the plate after the plate is formed, demolding after the strength meets the requirement, and maintaining the demolded plate to ensure that the strength meets the design and specification requirements;
wherein,
when the structure main body parameters are collected in the step 1, the 3D scanner is used for carrying out omnibearing laser scanning measurement on the main body structure by means of a method combining unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology and fixed station data scanning, and a three-dimensional solid model of the structure is established;
when the back-attached steel frame is manufactured in the step 2, the welding stress of the back-attached steel frame is completely released by adopting the modes of preheating, symmetrical welding and postwelding heat regeneration, and the back-attached steel frame is installed after meeting the requirements so as to prevent the welding stress of the back-attached steel frame from influencing the GRC curtain wall unit plate to cause cracks;
the shape of the groove formed in the middle of the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate in the step 3 is determined according to the shape of the cross section of the positioning beam in the step 4, the shape of the groove is consistent with the shape of the cross section of the positioning beam, the groove is identical in size, and the positioning beam can be fastened through the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate;
in the step 3, the horizontal position of the positioning clamping plate is realized by adjusting the horizontal position of the U-shaped part on the flange of the upper part of the positioning base, and the central line of the groove of the positioning clamping plate and the central line of the transverse steel frame of the corresponding GRC curtain wall back attachment steel frame are in the same vertical plane; the positioning clamping plate can adjust the height along the vertical sliding groove on the flange of the positioning column channel steel, and the adjusted height is determined according to the height of the steel frame attached to the back of the GRC curtain wall unit plate;
in the step 3, the inner clear height of the U-shaped part on the flange at the upper part of the positioning base is slightly larger than the thickness of the flange, so that the U-shaped part can freely slide along the flange; the width of the vertical sliding groove on the flange of the channel steel of the positioning column is slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt, so that the bolt can freely slide along the vertical sliding groove.
In the step 3, the mounting number of the support system is determined according to the different number of the transverse steel frames of the back-attached steel frame.
In the step 4, the positioning beam is fixedly connected with the steel pipe back attached to the steel frame at the end part at least at two positions through the clamping ring device, and the distance between the two connecting positions is not smaller than 500 mm;
in the step 4, the cross section of the sliding piece device is consistent with that of the positioning beam and can horizontally and freely slide along the positioning beam; the shape of a groove between the upper snap ring plate and the lower snap ring plate is determined according to the shape of a transverse steel frame of a back attachment steel frame of a GRC curtain wall unit plate, the size of the groove is consistent with the size of the cross section of the transverse steel frame of the back attachment steel frame, and the transverse steel frame can be clamped;
in the step 4, the width of the sliding groove of the lower snap ring plate is slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt, so that the bolt can freely slide along the vertical sliding groove;
in the step 7, when the back-attached steel frame is installed, the upper clamping plates of the positioning devices at the two ends are not installed temporarily, after the positioning beams fall into the grooves of the positioning clamping plates at the two ends, the upper clamping plates are installed and positioned and fastened, the position of the back-attached steel frame is accurately adjusted in the installation process and is controlled within an error range, and the decorative layer is prevented from being damaged in the operation process;
in the step 10, a double-gun nozzle is adopted to perform layered cross injection on the mortar and the glass fiber, the injection thickness is controlled to be 3/4mm each time, so that the glass fiber and the mortar are uniformly inserted to play a tensile role;
in the step 11, performing heat preservation and moisture preservation maintenance on the poured GRC curtain wall unit plate, wherein the initial setting maintenance period is not less than 7 days, and the next procedure can be performed after the strength meets the requirement;
in the step 12, before demoulding, finite element analysis and checking are carried out on GRC curtain wall unit plates, reasonable hoisting points are determined, demoulding is carried out according to the calculated hoisting points, the hoisting is stable in the demoulding stage, and all supporting points are synchronously stressed uniformly to prevent the plates from being pulled.
According to the method for accurately forming the space curved surface GRC curtain wall, a supporting system comprises a positioning base and an end positioning device, wherein the positioning base is made of I-shaped steel or channel steel or other members; the end positioning device consists of a U-shaped part at the lower part, a positioning column positioned at the upper part of the U-shaped part and a positioning clamping plate positioned at the upper part of the positioning column; the U-shaped part is arranged on the flange at the upper part of the positioning base, the upper part of the U-shaped part is provided with a small hole and welded with a nut, and the U-shaped part is fastened with the flange at the upper part of the positioning base through a bolt; the positioning column is made of channel steel, a vertical sliding groove is formed in the upper portion of a flange of the channel steel, and the positioning column is connected with the U-shaped part through welding; the location cardboard comprises last cardboard and lower cardboard, and upper and lower cardboard middle part all is equipped with the recess, goes up cardboard and cardboard one end down and is equipped with the aperture, passes the aperture of cardboard one end and the vertical spout on channel-section steel edge of a wing upper portion through the bolt and fastens, goes up cardboard and lower cardboard other end welding and has L shape connecting piece, and the L shape connecting piece part of encorbelmenting is opened there is the aperture, will go up cardboard and lower cardboard fastening through the bolt.
The method for accurately forming the GRC curtain wall with the spatial curved surface comprises the following steps of: . . .
Compared with the traditional method, the precise forming method of the GRC curtain wall provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the solid geometry of the built space curved surface structure, an advanced 3D laser scanning technology is adopted, a complete corrected BIM model can be quickly built, the design parameters of the curtain wall unit plate are fine, the quality problem of the GRC curtain wall unit plate caused by the design parameter problem of the space curved surface complex structure can be effectively avoided from the source, and the overall building quality of the GRC curtain wall unit plate is greatly improved.
(2) The accurate shaping of once pouring of GRC curtain unit plate and anchor dish has been realized, has effectively overcome the defect that traditional GRC curtain unit plate anchor dish took the shaping of secondary casting to bring, has directly avoided the anchor dish problem of droing, has effectively improved production quality.
(3) The anchor rods are fixed on the back-attached steel frame in a unified mode in advance, the back-attached steel frame and the anchor rod are integrally installed, the special positioning device is adopted, the space positions of the back-attached steel frame and the anchor rods can be accurately positioned, the defects that the inclination angle and the arrangement position of the anchor rods are not clearly specified in the specification are overcome, the defect that the steel frame and the anchor rod are not accurately positioned and are difficult to control in the traditional operation can be effectively overcome, and the manufacturing accuracy and quality of GRC curtain wall unit plates are greatly improved.
(4) The special positioning device can be suitable for the production of GRC curtain wall unit plates with different area sizes, different space curved surface shapes and different thicknesses by adjusting the horizontal position of the supporting system, the height of the clamping plate, the distance between the clamping ring and the positioning beam and the like, has wide application range, is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, can be circularly and repeatedly applied, can greatly improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a space curved surface of the GRC curtain wall.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a support system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the positioning base and the U-shaped member of the support system.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the attachment of the end positioning device.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the positioning card.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the snap ring device.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a slider device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings in the description below, in conjunction with specific embodiments.
The preferred embodiment of the invention is a space curved surface special-shaped building structure, the main body of the structure is completed, and the construction stage of the curtain wall is started. The curtain adopts the GRC curtain, and one of them subject structure molding's shop front picture is given in figure 1, and its outside GRC curtain that adopts, the curtain presents the space and expands type hyperboloid molding outward in the space, and every GRC curtain unit plate size is all inequality, and the curtain processing degree of difficulty is very big, exists certain construction error between structure entity and the design simultaneously, and it is very high to the curtain space orientation requirement, if handle improperly, will cause very big construction degree of difficulty. Taking a unit plate in the curtain wall as an example, the unit plate back attached steel frame is composed of 5 vertical square tubes and 2 round steels.
The method for accurately forming the space curved surface GRC curtain wall comprises the following steps:
And 2, manufacturing a mold and a back-attached steel frame. As shown in fig. 2, according to the design parameters of a GRC curtain wall unit plate 1, a mold 2 and a back attachment steel frame 1-1 are manufactured, and an anchor rod is connected to the back attachment steel frame 1-1 according to the design requirements.
And 3, installing a special supporting system. Firstly, mounting special positioning bases 3-1 at two ends of a GRC curtain wall unit plate mold 2; then, according to the geometric dimension of the GRC curtain wall unit plate 1, the end positioning device 3-2 is adjusted on the upper part of the special positioning base 3-1.
As shown in fig. 3, in which,
(1) the positioning base 3-1 is made of I-shaped steel;
(2) the end positioning device 3-2 is composed of a lower U-shaped part 3-21, a positioning column 3-22 positioned on the upper part of the U-shaped part 3-21, and a positioning clamping plate 3-23 positioned on the upper part of the positioning column 3-22. Wherein, the U-shaped part 3-21 is arranged on the upper flange of the positioning base 3-1, the upper part of the U-shaped part 3-21 is provided with a small hole and welded with a nut 3-211, and is fastened with the upper flange of the positioning base 3-1 through a bolt 3-212; the positioning columns 3-22 are made of channel steel, vertical sliding grooves 3-221 are formed in the upper portions of flanges of the channel steel, and the positioning columns 3-22 are connected with U-shaped parts 3-21 through welding; the positioning clamping plate 3-23 is composed of an upper clamping plate 3-231 and a lower clamping plate 3-232, grooves are formed in the middle of the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, small holes 3-233 are formed in one ends of the upper clamping plate 3-231 and the lower clamping plate 3-232, bolts 3-234 penetrate through the small holes 3-233 in one end of the clamping plates and vertical sliding grooves 3-221 in the upper portion of the flange of the channel steel to be fastened, L-shaped connecting pieces 3-235 are welded to the other ends of the upper clamping plate 3-231 and the lower clamping plate 3-232, small holes 3-236 are formed in overhanging portions of the L-shaped connecting pieces, and the upper clamping plate 3-231 and the lower clamping.
And 4, mounting a positioning beam. And 2, fixing the prefabricated positioning beams 3-24 on a back attachment steel frame 1-1 of the curtain wall plate block 1 at the same time.
The positioning beam 3-24 is fixedly connected with the steel pipe 1-11 back attached with the steel frame 1-1 at the end part through a snap ring device 3-25. The positioning beam 3-24 is provided with a sliding piece device 3-26 which can freely slide on the positioning beam 3-24, the sliding piece device 3-26 is provided with a small hole and is tightly fastened with the positioning beam 3-24 through the tightening of a bolt 3-261; a vertical first angle steel 3-271 is welded below the slider device 3-26, and a vertical sliding groove 3-2711 is arranged on the first angle steel 3-271; the snap ring device 3-25 is composed of an upper snap ring plate 3-251 and a lower snap ring plate 3-252, a groove is formed in the middle of the upper snap ring plate 3-251 and the lower snap ring plate 3-252, a bolt hole 3-2511 is formed in each of two sides of the upper snap ring plate 3-251, a sliding groove 3-2521 is formed in each of two sides of the lower snap ring plate 3-252, and the upper snap ring plate 3-251 and the lower snap ring plate 3-252 are fastened by a bolt 3-2522 penetrating through the bolt holes 3-2511 and the sliding grooves 3-2521 in two sides; the upper part of the clamping ring is provided with a second angle steel 3-272, the second angle steel 3-272 is provided with a sliding groove, and a bolt 3-273 penetrates through the sliding groove 3-2721 on the second angle steel 3-272 and a vertical sliding groove 3-2711 on the first angle steel 3-271 for fastening, so that the upper sliding piece device 3-26 is fastened and integrated with the positioning beam 3-24.
And 5, spraying a release agent. A layer of release agent is sprayed inside the mold by a release agent spray gun so that GRC curtain wall unit plates can be smoothly released.
And 6, spraying a decorative layer. According to the design requirements of GRC curtain wall unit plates, the finish coat is uniformly sprayed on the inner side of the mould.
And 7, mounting a back attachment steel frame. And hoisting the back-attached steel frame 1-1 fixed with the positioning beams 3-24 by using hoisting equipment, hoisting the back-attached steel frame to the position above the curtain wall unit plate mold 2, and installing the back-attached steel frame 1-1 from top to bottom. The two sides of the positioning beams 3-24 fall into the grooves of the positioning clamping plates 3-232 at the two end parts, and the position of the back attachment steel frame 1-1 is adjusted to be within the error control range and fixed.
And 8, installing an embedded part. And installing embedded parts in the GRC curtain wall unit plate blocks according to design requirements.
And 9, laying a fiber net. The full-spread fiber mesh cloth plays the effect of reinforcing GRC curtain wall unit plate intensity, prevents that the fragility from appearing in the plate and destroying, improves the fail safe nature of GRC curtain wall unit plate.
And 10, spraying fiber mortar.
And 11, maintaining the GRC curtain wall unit plate.
And 12, demolding the GRC curtain wall unit plate. And (3) detecting the strength of the formed plate, demolding after the strength meets the requirement, and maintaining the demolded plate to ensure that the strength meets the design and specification requirements.
In the step 1, when the structure main body parameters are collected, the 3D scanner is used for carrying out omnibearing laser scanning measurement on the main body structure by means of a method combining unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology and fixed station data scanning, and a three-dimensional solid model of the structure is established.
In the step 2, when the back-attached steel frame 1-1 is manufactured, the modes of preheating, symmetrical welding, postwelding heat regeneration and the like are adopted, so that the welding stress of the back-attached steel frame is completely released, and the back-attached steel frame is installed after meeting the requirements, so that the welding stress of the back-attached steel frame is prevented from influencing the GRC curtain wall unit plate to cause cracks.
In the step 3, the shape of the groove formed in the middle of the upper and lower clamping plates 3-231 and 3-232 is determined according to the cross-sectional shape of the positioning beam 3-24 in the step 4, and the shape of the groove is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the positioning beam and has the same size, so that the positioning beam 3-24 can be fixed by the upper and lower clamping plates.
In the step 3, the horizontal position of the positioning clamping plate 3-23 is realized by adjusting the horizontal position of the U-shaped part 3-21 on the flange at the upper part of the positioning base 3-1, and the central line of the groove of the positioning clamping plate 3-23 and the central line of the transverse steel frame 1-11 of the corresponding GRC curtain wall back attached steel frame 1-1 are in the same vertical plane; the positioning clamping plates 3-23 can adjust the height along the vertical sliding grooves 3-221 on the flanges of the channel steels of the positioning columns 3-22, and the adjusted height is determined according to the height of the steel frame 1-1 attached to the back of the GRC curtain wall unit plate;
in the step 3, the inner clear height of the U-shaped part 3-21 on the flange at the upper part of the positioning base 3-1 is slightly larger than the thickness of the flange, so that the U-shaped part 3-21 can freely slide along the flange; the width of the vertical sliding groove 3-221 on the flange of the channel steel of the positioning column 3-22 is slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt 3-234, so that the bolt 3-234 can freely slide along the vertical sliding groove 3-221.
In the step 4, the positioning beams 3-24 are fastened and connected with the steel pipes 1-11 back to the steel frame 1-1 at the end parts at least at two positions through the snap ring devices 3-25, and the distance between the two connecting positions is not smaller than 500 mm.
In the step 4, the cross section shape of the slide device 3-26 is consistent with the cross section shape of the positioning beam 3-24, and the slide device can freely slide horizontally along the positioning beam 3-24; the shape of a groove between the upper snap ring plate 3-251 and the lower snap ring plate 3-252 is determined according to the shape of the transverse steel frame 1-11 of the GRC curtain wall unit plate back attachment steel frame 1-1, the size of the groove is consistent with the size of the cross section of the transverse steel frame 1-11 of the back attachment steel frame 1-1, and the transverse steel frame 1-11 can be clamped.
In the step 4, the width of the sliding groove 3-2521 of the lower snap ring plate 3-252 is slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt 3-2522, so that the bolt 3-2522 can freely slide along the vertical sliding groove 3-2521.
In the step 7, when the back-attached steel frame 1-1 is installed, the upper clamping plates 3-231 of the two-end positioning devices 3-2 are not installed for the moment, and after the positioning beams 3-24 fall into the grooves of the two-end positioning clamping plates 3-231, the upper clamping plates 3-231 are installed and positioned and fastened. The position of the back-attached steel frame 1-1 is accurately adjusted in the installation process and is controlled within an error range, and the decorative layer is strictly prevented from being damaged in the operation process.
In the step 10, the mortar and the glass fiber are subjected to layered cross injection by adopting a double-gun nozzle, the injection thickness is controlled to be 3/4mm each time, so that the glass fiber and the mortar are uniformly inserted to play a tensile role.
In the step 11, heat preservation and moisture preservation maintenance is carried out on the poured GRC curtain wall unit plate 1, the initial setting maintenance period is not less than 7 days, and the next procedure can be carried out after the strength meets the requirement.
In the step 12, before demoulding, finite element analysis and checking are carried out on the GRC curtain wall unit plate 1, a reasonable lifting point is determined, demoulding is carried out according to the calculated lifting point, the lifting is stable in the demoulding stage, and all supporting points are synchronously stressed uniformly to prevent the plate from being pulled.
The construction method can show that:
(1) according to the solid geometry of the built space curved surface structure, an advanced 3D laser scanning technology is adopted, a complete corrected BIM model can be quickly built, the design parameters of the curtain wall unit plate are fine, the quality problem of the GRC curtain wall unit plate caused by the design parameter problem of the space curved surface complex structure can be effectively avoided from the source, and the overall building quality of the GRC curtain wall unit plate is greatly improved.
(2) The accurate shaping of once pouring of GRC curtain unit plate and anchor dish has been realized, has effectively overcome the defect that traditional GRC curtain unit plate anchor dish took the shaping of secondary casting to bring, has directly avoided the anchor dish problem of droing, has effectively improved production quality.
(3) Adopt dedicated positioner, can the accurate positioning back of the body attach the spatial position of steelframe and stock, it does not have the not enough of clear regulation to stock inclination, range position in having supplemented the standard, can effectively reduce the inaccurate uncontrollable defect in steelframe and stock location in traditional operation, promoted the preparation precision and the quality of GRC curtain wall unit plate by a wide margin.
(4) The special positioning device can be suitable for the production of GRC curtain wall unit plates with different area sizes, different space curved surface shapes and different thicknesses by adjusting the horizontal position of the supporting system, the height of the clamping plate, the distance between the clamping ring and the positioning beam and the like, has wide application range, is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, can be circularly and repeatedly applied, can greatly improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost.
Claims (2)
1. An accurate forming method of a space curved surface GRC curtain wall is characterized in that: comprises the following steps;
step 1, refining parameters of GRC curtain wall unit plates: the method comprises the steps of utilizing a 3D scanning technology to carry out omnibearing laser scanning measurement on a main body structure, carrying out data comparison analysis on 3D scanning data and an original BIM model, checking deviation of a built main body structure and a curtain wall design model, ensuring that deep modeling of a curtain wall is highly consistent with a field main body, obtaining high-precision GRC curtain wall unit plate geometric parameters, and carrying out optimization design;
step 2, manufacturing a mold and a back-attached steel frame: manufacturing a mould and a back-attached steel frame according to the design parameters of the GRC curtain wall unit plate, and connecting an anchor rod on the back-attached steel frame according to the design requirement;
step 3, installing a support system: installing positioning bases at two ends of a GRC curtain wall unit plate mold; adjusting the end positioning device at the upper part of the positioning base according to the geometric dimension of the GRC curtain wall unit plate;
step 4, mounting a positioning beam; fixing the prefabricated positioning beam on a back attachment steel frame of the curtain wall plate at the same time of the step 2; the positioning beam is fixedly connected with the end part of the steel pipe back attached to the steel frame through a snap ring device; the positioning beam is in a circular or square cross section form, a sliding piece device capable of freely sliding on the positioning beam is arranged on the positioning beam, and a small hole is formed in the sliding piece device and is fastened with the positioning beam through bolt tightening; a vertical first angle steel is welded below the sliding piece device, and a vertical sliding groove is formed in the first angle steel; the snap ring device consists of an upper snap ring plate and a lower snap ring plate, a groove is formed in the middle of the upper snap ring plate and the lower snap ring plate, a bolt hole is formed in each of two sides of the upper snap ring plate, a sliding groove is formed in each of two sides of the lower snap ring plate, and the upper snap ring plate and the lower snap ring plate are fastened by bolts penetrating through the bolt holes and the sliding grooves in the two sides; a second angle steel is arranged at the upper part of the clamping ring, a sliding groove is arranged on the second angle steel, and a bolt penetrates through the sliding groove on the second angle steel and the vertical sliding groove on the first angle steel for fastening, so that the second angle steel is fastened with a sliding piece device at the upper part and forms a whole with the positioning beam;
step 5, spraying a release agent: a layer of release agent is sprayed inside the mold by a release agent spray gun so that GRC curtain wall unit plates can be smoothly released;
step 6, spraying of a decorative layer: according to the design requirements of GRC curtain wall unit plates, uniformly spraying a finish coat on the inner side of the mould;
step 7, mounting a back-attached steel frame: hoisting the back attachment steel frame fixed with the positioning beam by using hoisting equipment, hoisting the back attachment steel frame to the position above the curtain wall unit plate mold, mounting the back attachment steel frame from top to bottom, enabling two sides of the positioning beam to fall into grooves of the positioning clamping plates at two end parts, adjusting the position of the back attachment steel frame, ensuring that the back attachment steel frame is within an error control range, and fixing;
step 8, installing embedded parts: installing embedded parts in GRC curtain wall unit plate blocks according to design requirements;
step 9, laying a fiber net: the fiber mesh cloth is fully paved, so that the strength of the GRC curtain wall unit plate is enhanced, meanwhile, the plate is prevented from being fragile and damaged, and the safety and reliability of the GRC curtain wall unit plate are improved;
step 10, spraying fiber mortar;
step 11, maintaining GRC curtain wall unit plates;
step 12, demolding unit plates of GRC curtain walls: detecting the strength of the plate after the plate is formed, demolding after the strength meets the requirement, and maintaining the demolded plate to ensure that the strength meets the design and specification requirements;
wherein,
when the structure main body parameters are collected in the step 1, the 3D scanner is used for carrying out omnibearing laser scanning measurement on the main body structure by means of a method combining unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology and fixed station data scanning, and a three-dimensional solid model of the structure is established;
when the back-attached steel frame is manufactured in the step 2, the welding stress of the back-attached steel frame is completely released by adopting the modes of preheating, symmetrical welding and postwelding heat regeneration, and the back-attached steel frame is installed after meeting the requirements so as to prevent the welding stress of the back-attached steel frame from influencing the GRC curtain wall unit plate to cause cracks;
the shape of the groove formed in the middle of the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate in the step 3 is determined according to the shape of the cross section of the positioning beam in the step 4, the shape of the groove is consistent with the shape of the cross section of the positioning beam, the groove is identical in size, and the positioning beam can be fastened through the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate;
in the step 3, the horizontal position of the positioning clamping plate is realized by adjusting the horizontal position of the U-shaped part on the flange of the upper part of the positioning base, and the central line of the groove of the positioning clamping plate and the central line of the transverse steel frame of the corresponding GRC curtain wall back attachment steel frame are in the same vertical plane; the positioning clamping plate can adjust the height along the vertical sliding groove on the flange of the positioning column channel steel, and the adjusted height is determined according to the height of the steel frame attached to the back of the GRC curtain wall unit plate;
in the step 3, the inner clear height of the U-shaped part on the flange at the upper part of the positioning base is slightly larger than the thickness of the flange, so that the U-shaped part can freely slide along the flange; the width of a vertical sliding groove on the flange of the channel steel of the positioning column is slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt, so that the bolt can freely slide along the vertical sliding groove;
in the step 3, the mounting number of the support system is determined according to the different number of the transverse steel frames of the back-attached steel frame;
in the step 4, the positioning beam is fixedly connected with the steel pipe back attached to the steel frame at the end part at least at two positions through the clamping ring device, and the distance between the two connecting positions is not smaller than 500 mm;
in the step 4, the cross section of the sliding piece device is consistent with that of the positioning beam and can horizontally and freely slide along the positioning beam; the shape of a groove between the upper snap ring plate and the lower snap ring plate is determined according to the shape of a transverse steel frame of a back attachment steel frame of a GRC curtain wall unit plate, the size of the groove is consistent with the size of the cross section of the transverse steel frame of the back attachment steel frame, and the transverse steel frame can be clamped;
in the step 4, the width of the sliding groove of the lower snap ring plate is slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt, so that the bolt can freely slide along the vertical sliding groove;
in the step 7, when the back-attached steel frame is installed, the upper clamping plates of the positioning devices at the two ends are not installed temporarily, after the positioning beams fall into the grooves of the positioning clamping plates at the two ends, the upper clamping plates are installed and positioned and fastened, the position of the back-attached steel frame is accurately adjusted in the installation process and is controlled within an error range, and the decorative layer is prevented from being damaged in the operation process;
in the step 10, a double-gun nozzle is adopted to perform layered cross injection on the mortar and the glass fiber, the injection thickness is controlled to be 3/4mm each time, so that the glass fiber and the mortar are uniformly inserted to play a tensile role;
in the step 11, performing heat preservation and moisture preservation maintenance on the poured GRC curtain wall unit plate, wherein the initial setting maintenance period is not less than 7 days, and the next procedure can be performed after the strength meets the requirement;
in the step 12, before demoulding, finite element analysis and checking are carried out on GRC curtain wall unit plates, reasonable hoisting points are determined, demoulding is carried out according to the calculated hoisting points, the hoisting is stable in the demoulding stage, and all supporting points are synchronously stressed uniformly to prevent the plates from being pulled.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the precise forming method for the space curved GRC curtain wall is as follows: the supporting system comprises a positioning base and an end positioning device, wherein the positioning base is made of I-steel or channel steel or other members; the end positioning device consists of a U-shaped part at the lower part, a positioning column positioned at the upper part of the U-shaped part and a positioning clamping plate positioned at the upper part of the positioning column; the U-shaped part is arranged on the flange at the upper part of the positioning base, the upper part of the U-shaped part is provided with a small hole and welded with a nut, and the U-shaped part is fastened with the flange at the upper part of the positioning base through a bolt; the positioning column is made of channel steel, a vertical sliding groove is formed in the upper portion of a flange of the channel steel, and the positioning column is connected with the U-shaped part through welding; the location cardboard comprises last cardboard and lower cardboard, and upper and lower cardboard middle part all is equipped with the recess, goes up cardboard and cardboard one end down and is equipped with the aperture, passes the aperture of cardboard one end and the vertical spout on channel-section steel edge of a wing upper portion through the bolt and fastens, goes up cardboard and lower cardboard other end welding and has L shape connecting piece, and the L shape connecting piece part of encorbelmenting is opened there is the aperture, will go up cardboard and lower cardboard fastening through the bolt.
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