CN109441098B - An early demolition formwork system and its construction method - Google Patents

An early demolition formwork system and its construction method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109441098B
CN109441098B CN201811455855.8A CN201811455855A CN109441098B CN 109441098 B CN109441098 B CN 109441098B CN 201811455855 A CN201811455855 A CN 201811455855A CN 109441098 B CN109441098 B CN 109441098B
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China
Prior art keywords
formwork
early
wall column
wall
template
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201811455855.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109441098A (en
Inventor
丁巍
陈学跟
宋煜
李林
牛旭东
罗德军
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China Construction First Group Construction and Development Co Ltd
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China Construction First Group Construction and Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811455855.8A priority Critical patent/CN109441098B/en
Publication of CN109441098A publication Critical patent/CN109441098A/en
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Publication of CN109441098B publication Critical patent/CN109441098B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/02—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for rooms as a whole by which walls and floors are cast simultaneously, whole storeys, or whole buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • E04G11/085—End form panels for walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
    • E04G11/486—Dropheads supporting the concrete after removal of the shuttering; Connecting means on beams specially adapted for dropheads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
    • E04G11/50—Girders, beams, or the like as supporting members for forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an early-dismantling formwork system and a construction method thereof, wherein the early-dismantling formwork system comprises an inner wallboard system, an outer wallboard system, a corner formwork and a floor carrier plate system; the floor support plate system comprises a floor plate template and an early dismounting device, wherein the early dismounting device comprises a vertical independent support rod, an early dismounting support head and an early dismounting beam, the early dismounting support head is clamped at the top of the vertical independent support rod, and the top of the early dismounting support head is attached to the lower surface of the early dismounting beam; the early-dismantling beams are attached to the lower surface of the floor slab template at intervals in parallel; the inner wallboard system comprises two first wall column templates, a first back ridge, a top plate connecting template, a connecting lock catch and a split bolt, wherein the first back ridge and the top plate connecting template are arranged on the outer side face of the first wall column templates, the lower end of the first wall column templates is arranged on a lower floor slab, and the upper end of the first wall column templates is connected with the lower end of the top plate connecting template through the connecting lock catch. The invention has good molding effect, is not easy to deform, has reliable template system and meets the requirements of high-strength grade concrete and winter application.

Description

Early-dismantling formwork system and construction method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to an early-dismantling formwork system and a construction method thereof.
Background
In the existing one-step forming early-dismantling formwork construction technology, an early-dismantling formwork system with mature technology is mainly an aluminum alloy formwork system. Because the aluminum alloy template plates are connected by pin sheets, the difficulty in construction is high.
At present, the main problems of using aluminum template systems are: firstly, when the structure changes, such as wall thickness, layer height and the like, only the mould can be redesigned and matched, and the mould which is not suitable for the structure change can be supplemented and replaced, so that the mould utilization rate is low; secondly, the aluminum template has high heat conductivity coefficient, which is not beneficial to high-strength grade concrete and winter construction; thirdly, in the first use process of the aluminum alloy template, a specially prepared release agent is required due to the chemical activity of aluminum per se so as to ensure the appearance quality of the concrete surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an early-dismantling formwork system and a construction method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems that the wall column beam slab structure is not easy to form at one time at the present stage, the on-site formwork distribution is inconvenient, the concrete forming effect is unstable, and the high-strength grade concrete and the winter construction requirements cannot be met.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention provides an early-dismantling formwork system, which comprises an inner wallboard system, an outer wallboard system, a corner formwork and a floor support plate system;
the building carrier plate system comprises a floor plate template and an early dismounting device, wherein the early dismounting device comprises a vertical independent supporting rod, an early dismounting supporting head and an early dismounting beam, the early dismounting supporting head is clamped and arranged at the top of the vertical independent supporting rod, and the top of the early dismounting supporting head is attached to the lower surface of the early dismounting beam;
the early-dismantling beams are attached to the lower surface of the floor slab template at intervals in parallel;
the inner wallboard system comprises two first wall column templates, a first back ridge, a top plate connecting template, a connecting lock catch and a split bolt, wherein the first back ridge is arranged on the outer side face of the first wall column templates;
the upper end of the top plate connecting template is propped against the lower surface of the floor slab template; the first wall column templates at the two sides of the inner wall are connected through split bolts;
the external wall panel system comprises a first wall column template arranged indoors, a first back edge arranged on the outer side surface of the first wall column template, a second wall column template arranged outdoors, a second back edge arranged on the outer side surface of the second wall column template, a split bolt, a vertical reinforcing steel pipe, an outer wall bearing plate and a positioning hanging seat, wherein the lower end of the first wall column template is arranged on a lower floor slab, the upper end of the first wall column template is connected with the lower end of a top plate connecting template through a connecting lock catch, and the upper end of the top plate connecting template is propped against the lower surface of the floor slab template;
the positioning hanging seat is arranged on the outer wall of the lower-layer building through an embedded part, an outer wall bearing plate is arranged at the top of the positioning hanging seat, the lower end of the second wall column template is arranged on the outer wall bearing plate, and the first wall column template and the second wall column template are connected through split bolts; the outer side face of the second wall column template is also provided with a vertical reinforced steel pipe.
Further, the corner templates include an external corner template and an internal corner template.
Further, the external corner template comprises an equilateral L-shaped template and two vertical ribs which are respectively and symmetrically attached to the inner side surface of the opening of the equilateral L-shaped template; the internal corner template comprises a steel template, steel ribs arranged on the periphery of the steel template and stiffening rib plates.
Further, a round hole is formed in the second back edge, and the vertical reinforcing steel pipe is fixedly connected with the second back edge on the outer side face of the second wall column template through a plurality of reinforcing hooks.
Further, the reinforcing hook is a self-locking drag hook, and the tail part of the reinforcing hook is in a hook shape.
Further, the inner wallboard system also comprises a wall end beam bottom lock catch; the wall end beam bottom lock catch comprises a screw, a first stop block, a nut, a second stop block and a butterfly buckle, wherein the first stop block is arranged on one side of the screw and is fixed through the nut arranged on the outer side face of the first stop block; the second stop block is arranged on the other side of the screw rod and is fixed through a butterfly buckle arranged on the outer side face of the second stop block.
Further, an adjustable lock catch is arranged between the top plate connecting template and the wall column template; the adjustable lock catch comprises a screw rod, hooks and butterfly nuts, wherein each hook comprises a sleeve section and lock hooks arranged on the sleeve section, and the hooks are symmetrically sleeved on two sides of the screw rod through the sleeve sections. When the novel back edge structure is used, the space between two symmetrically arranged hooks is reduced by rotating the butterfly nut, so that the back edge of the floor slab template or the wall column template is clamped and fixed with the back edge of the common template.
Further, the first wall column template comprises a wood-plastic panel, a steel frame arranged at the peripheral edge position of the wood-plastic panel and stiffening ribs welded on the steel frame.
Further, the top plate connecting template comprises a wood-plastic panel, a steel frame arranged at the peripheral edge position of the wood-plastic panel and stiffening ribs welded on the steel frame.
Further, the second wall column template comprises a wood-plastic panel, a steel frame arranged at the peripheral edge position of the wood-plastic panel and stiffening ribs welded on the steel frame.
Further, the thickness of the wood-plastic panel is 13-20mm; the wood plastic panel is a wood plastic panel template, and the surface of the wood plastic panel template is covered with a hard plastic surface with the thickness of 2mm.
Further, the frame is 64mm in height and 25mm in width.
The invention also provides a construction method of the early-dismantling formwork system, which comprises the following specific steps:
step one, carrying out template matching deepening design according to a structural design drawing; preparing materials;
step two, processing a first wall column template, a second wall column template, a top plate connecting template and a floor slab template; numbering after finishing the template processing, and transporting to the site;
thirdly, leveling, paying off and positioning corners, binding the wall steel bars, and entering the next procedure after acceptance inspection;
step four, installing a vertical template; placing a wall column template positioning line, performing elevation measurement, and installing a standard wall column template; when the nonstandard layer is constructed, checking verticality and flatness after installing a nonstandard wood template;
s1, constructing an inner wall system, wherein the bottom of a first wall column template is arranged on a lower floor slab, the upper end of the first wall column template is connected with the lower end of a top plate connecting template through a connecting lock catch, adjacent wall column templates are connected through connecting lock catches, and the first wall column templates on two sides of a wall are connected through split bolts; synchronously erecting an external corner template and an internal corner template;
the outer side of the first wall column template is provided with a first back edge which is fixed through a split bolt;
s2, constructing an outer wall system, and pre-burying positioning steel bars in advance when constructing the next floor; exposing the embedded positioning steel bars after the pouring of the lower concrete is completed and the outer wall template is removed;
when the outer wall template is installed, a positioning hanging seat is installed firstly and is connected with the embedded positioning steel bars through bolts, the top of the positioning hanging seat is provided with an outer wall bearing plate, and the positioning hanging seat is fixed with a second wall column template through the outer wall bearing plate; the first wall column templates and the second wall column templates on two sides of the building outer wall are connected through split bolts; setting a second back edge, wherein the second back edge is fixed through a split bolt; installing a vertical reinforcing steel pipe on the outer side surface of the second wall column template; synchronously erecting an external corner template and an internal corner template;
step five, installing an early-dismantling beam, installing a floor slab template, and checking the flatness of the floor slab template and the verticality and flatness of the composite wall column;
the floor slab template is hard spliced by taking the early-dismantling beam as a support, and no gap is reserved; the early-dismantling beam takes the early-dismantling supporting head as a support, and is tightly attached to the floor slab template when the early-dismantling supporting head is in an installation state; the templates around the floor are arranged at the upper end of the top plate connecting template and are connected through connecting lock catches; the interval between every two adjacent vertical independent support rods is 1.2m;
step six, after the installation and acceptance of the floor slab template are passed, beam slab reinforcement binding and electromechanical reservation pre-embedding construction are carried out;
pouring concrete, wherein the structural concrete construction adopts one-time pouring construction of a horizontal structure and a vertical structure;
step eight, removing the template; the demolding time is determined according to the specific conditions of engineering projects, and the demolding time is generally removed after 24 hours under normal weather conditions;
the template should be started from the wall head, and before the wall template is removed, all the cross braces, the back ribs, the lock catches and the like are guaranteed to be removed;
step nine, dismantling the floor slab template and the early dismantling beam, and carrying out early dismantling of the floor slab template after the floor slab concrete strength reaches 50% of the concrete design strength; the beam bottom die can be removed when the concrete strength reaches 75% of the design strength; the vertical independent support rods are kept motionless, the early-dismantling support sliding pin plates are knocked one by one, the floor slab templates and the early-dismantling beams fall by about 200mm, and then the floor slab templates and the early-dismantling beams are taken down one by one;
and step ten, dismantling the vertical independent support rods and the early dismantling support heads, and dismantling the vertical independent support rods after the concrete strength reaches the form dismantling strength allowed by the corresponding span specification according to the span of the beam plate.
Further, the first back edge and the second back edge are both horizontal steel pipes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the early-dismantling formwork system and the construction method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the structure is simple, the design is reasonable, and the mutual influence among all components is avoided on the premise of ensuring effective fastening.
2, connecting the steel frame wood-plastic template with the common wood template by adopting an adjustable lock catch. When the structure is changed, the wood template can be locally adopted, and a steel frame wood-plastic template is not required to be configured. The special locks are used, so that the construction is more convenient, the use is firm, and the construction efficiency is high.
The early-dismantling formwork system and the construction method thereof provided by the invention fully utilize the characteristics of the steel frame and the wood-plastic formwork, have good forming effect, are not easy to deform, are reliable, meet the requirements of high-strength grade concrete and winter construction, and are more important: the turnover and reuse can be realized, the connection of the template system is reliable, the concrete structure is formed at one time, and the early disassembly technology is integrated, so that the early disassembly of the template is realized. The rigidity of the steel frame wood plastic mould plate surface is high, the concrete flatness is good, the air bubbles are few, and the effect of bare concrete can be achieved.
4, compared with an aluminum alloy early-dismantling template system, the steel frame wood plastic template system has obvious advantages in terms of cost, concrete forming effect, template universality and the like, the turnover number of the steel frame wood plastic template is 30-50, the damaged panel can be replaced, and the steel frame and the template can be recycled.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The main objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and particularly pointed out in the specification and claims.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a male corner form and female corner form connection.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the front structure of the early-dismantling beam and the early-dismantling support head.
Fig. 4 is an exploded schematic view of the side structure of the early-dismantling beam and the early-dismantling support head.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the state of use of the end beam bottom lock catch.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the end beam bottom lock.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an adjustable lock catch.
Reference numerals: the building construction method comprises the following steps of 1-early dismantling of beams, 2-early dismantling of supporting heads, 3-vertical independent supporting rods, 4-floor slabs, 5-roof connecting templates, 6-split bolts, 7-first wall column templates, 8-connecting catches, 9-reinforcing hooks, 10-vertical reinforcing steel pipes, 11-outer wall bearing plates, 12-positioning hanging seats, 13-external corner templates, 14-internal corner templates, 15-second wall column templates, 16-wall end beam bottom catches, 17-adjustable catches and 18-lower floor slabs.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given by way of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the invention provides an early-dismantling formwork system with simple structure and reasonable design, which comprises an inner wallboard system, an outer wallboard system, a corner formwork and a floor support plate system; the floor support plate system comprises a floor plate template 4 and an early dismounting device, wherein the early dismounting device comprises a vertical independent support rod 3, an early dismounting support head 2 and an early dismounting beam 1, which are clamped and arranged at the top of the vertical independent support rod 3, and the top of the early dismounting support head 2 is attached to the lower surface of the early dismounting beam 1; the early-dismantling beams 1 are attached to the lower surface of the floor slab template 4 at intervals in parallel. The beam die matching uniformity can be met, and meanwhile, the die matching problem caused by inconsistent beam heights can be adjusted.
Referring to fig. 4, the early-dismantling support head 2 is used as a support of the early-dismantling support head 1, when the early-dismantling support head 2 is in an installation state, the early-dismantling support head 1 is closely attached to the floor slab formwork 4, and when the early-dismantling support head 2 is in a falling state, the mould dismantling operation can be completed on the premise of keeping the early-dismantling support head 2 and the independent support rods 3.
The inner wallboard system comprises two first wall column templates 7, a first back ridge, a top plate connecting template 5, a connecting lock catch 8 and a split bolt 6, wherein the first back ridge and the top plate connecting template 5 are arranged on the outer side face of the first wall column templates 7, the lower end of each first wall column template 7 is arranged on a lower floor 18, and the upper end of each first wall column template 7 is connected with the lower end of the corresponding top plate connecting template 5 through the corresponding connecting lock catch 8. The upper end of the top plate connecting template 5 is propped against the lower surface of the floor template 4; the first wall column templates 7 on the two sides of the inner wall are connected through split bolts 6.
The external wall board system comprises a first wall column template 7 arranged indoors, a first back edge arranged on the outer side surface of the first wall column template 7, a second wall column template 15 arranged outdoors, a second back edge arranged on the outer side surface of the second wall column template 15, a split bolt 6, a vertical reinforcing steel pipe 10, an outer wall bearing plate 11 and a positioning hanging seat 12, wherein the lower end of the first wall column template 7 is arranged on a lower floor 18, the upper end of the first wall column template 7 is connected with the lower end of a top plate connecting template 5 through a connecting lock catch 8, and the upper end of the top plate connecting template 5 is propped against the lower surface of the floor template 4. Further, the first back edge and the second back edge are both horizontal steel pipes. The second back edge is provided with a round hole, and the vertical reinforcing steel pipe 10 is fixedly connected with the second back edge on the outer side surface of the second wall column template 15 through a plurality of reinforcing hooks 9. The reinforcing hook 9 is a self-locking drag hook, and the tail part of the reinforcing hook 9 is in a hook shape.
The positioning hanging seat 12 is arranged on the outer wall of the lower-layer building through an embedded part, an outer wall bearing plate 11 is arranged at the top of the positioning hanging seat 12, the lower end of the second wall column template 15 is arranged on the outer wall bearing plate 11, and the first wall column template 7 and the second wall column template 15 are connected through a split bolt 6; the outer side surface of the second wall column template 15 is also provided with a vertical reinforced steel pipe 10.
As shown in fig. 2, the corner template comprises an external corner template 13 and an internal corner template 14, wherein the external corner template 13 comprises an equilateral L-shaped template and two vertical ribs which are respectively and symmetrically attached to the inner side surface of an opening of the equilateral L-shaped template; the internal corner template 14 comprises a steel template, steel ribs arranged around the steel template and stiffening rib plates. The external corner templates 13 and the internal corner templates 14 with different length combinations can be designed to realize the matched mould with wall thickness variation.
As shown in fig. 6, the wall end beam bottom lock catch 16 comprises a screw, a first stop block, a nut, a second stop block and a butterfly buckle, wherein the first stop block is arranged on one side of the screw and is fixed by the nut arranged on the outer side surface of the first stop block; the second stop block is arranged on the other side of the screw rod and is fixed through a butterfly buckle arranged on the outer side face of the second stop block.
As shown in fig. 7, an adjustable lock catch 17 is also arranged between the top plate connecting template 5 and the wall column template; the adjustable lock catch 17 comprises a screw, hooks and wing nuts, wherein the hooks comprise sleeve sections and lock hooks arranged on the sleeve sections, and the hooks are symmetrically sleeved on two sides of the screw through the sleeve sections. When the novel floor slab formwork is used, the space between two symmetrically arranged hooks is shortened by rotating the butterfly nut, so that the back edge of the floor slab formwork 4 or the wall column formwork is clamped and fixed with the back edge of the common formwork. The steel frame wood plastic template and the common wood template are connected together by adopting an adjustable lock catch 17. When the structure is changed, the wood template can be locally adopted, and a steel frame wood-plastic template is not required to be configured.
As shown in fig. 5, the end-of-wall beam bottom lock 16 may also be used when the outside of the beam bottom form and the end-of-wall form need to be secured in a counter-pulling manner. The special lock catch for each component is used, so that the construction is more convenient, the use is firm, and the construction efficiency is high. On the premise of ensuring effective fastening, the mutual influence among all components is avoided.
The first wall column template 7, the top plate connecting template 5 and the second wall column template 15 comprise wood plastic panels, steel frames arranged at the peripheral edge positions of the wood plastic panels and stiffening ribs welded on the steel frames. The thickness of the wood-plastic panel is 13-20mm; the wood plastic panel is a wood plastic panel template, and the surface of the wood plastic panel template is covered with a hard plastic surface with the thickness of 2mm. The height of the frame is 64mm, and the width is 25mm; the thickness of the steel plate is 2mm. Specifically, the periphery of the wood-plastic panel is embedded into a steel frame, and the panel is tightly fixed with the steel frame and the primary and secondary ribs by countersunk screws; the frame is a steel frame with the width of 25mm and the height of 64mm formed by rolling a steel plate with the thickness of 2mm, semicircular grooves are rolled on the frame at the interval of 600mm, and a wall penetrating screw rod can be installed; the primary and secondary ribs are back ribs formed by rolling a steel plate with the thickness of 2mm. The widths of the first wall column template 7, the top plate connecting template 5 and the second wall column template 15 can be 200mm-600mm, and the heights are not more than 2400mm; the width of the floor slab template 4 is 300-600mm, and the length is not more than 1200mm.
The characteristics of the steel frame and the wood-plastic template are fully utilized in the design, the molding effect is good, the deformation is difficult, the template system is reliable, the requirements of high-strength grade concrete and winter application are met, and more important is: the turnover and reuse can be realized, the connection of the template system is reliable, the concrete structure is formed at one time, and the early disassembly technology is integrated, so that the early disassembly of the template is realized. The rigidity of the steel frame wood plastic mould plate surface is high, the concrete flatness is good, the air bubbles are few, and the effect of bare concrete can be achieved.
The invention also provides a construction method of the early-dismantling formwork system, which comprises the following specific steps:
step one, carrying out template matching deepening design according to a structural design drawing; preparing materials;
step two, processing a first wall column template 7, a second wall column template 15, a top plate connecting template 5 and a floor slab template 4; numbering after finishing the template processing, and transporting to the site;
thirdly, leveling, paying off and positioning corners, binding the wall steel bars, and entering the next procedure after acceptance inspection;
step four, installing a vertical template; placing a wall column template positioning line, performing elevation measurement, and installing a standard wall column template; when the nonstandard layer is constructed, checking verticality and flatness after installing a nonstandard wood template;
s1, constructing an inner wall system, wherein the bottom of a first wall column template 7 is arranged on a lower floor 18, the upper end of the first wall column template 7 is connected with the lower end of a top plate connecting template 5 through a connecting lock catch 8, adjacent wall column templates are connected through the connecting lock catch 8, and the first wall column templates 7 on two sides of a wall are connected through a split bolt 6; synchronously erecting an external angle template 13 and an internal angle template 14;
the outer side of the wall column template is provided with a first back edge which is fixed by a split bolt 6;
s2, constructing an outer wall system, and pre-burying positioning steel bars in advance when constructing the next floor; exposing the embedded positioning steel bars after the pouring of the lower concrete is completed and the outer wall template is removed;
when the outer wall template is installed, the positioning hanging seat 12 is firstly installed and connected with the embedded positioning steel bars through bolts, the top of the positioning hanging seat 12 is provided with the outer wall bearing plate 11, and the positioning hanging seat is fixed with the second wall column template 15 through the outer wall bearing plate 11; the first wall column templates 7 and the second wall column templates 15 on the two sides of the building outer wall are connected through split bolts 6;
the outer side of the wall column template is provided with a second back edge which is fixed by a split bolt 6; the outer side surface of the second wall column template 15 is provided with a vertical reinforced steel pipe 10; synchronously erecting an external angle template 13 and an internal angle template 14;
step five, installing an early-dismantling beam 1, installing a floor slab template 4, and checking the flatness of the floor slab template 4 and the verticality and flatness of the composite wall column;
the floor slab template 4 is hard spliced by taking the early-dismantling beam 1 as a support, and no gap is reserved; the early-dismantling beam 1 takes an early-dismantling supporting head 2 as a support, and when the early-dismantling supporting head 2 is in an installation state, the early-dismantling beam 1 is tightly attached to a floor slab template 4; the templates around the floor are arranged at the upper end of the top plate connecting template 5 and are connected through a connecting lock catch 8; the interval between every two adjacent vertical independent support rods 3 is 1.2m;
step six, after the installation and acceptance of the floor slab template 4 are passed, beam slab reinforcement binding and electromechanical reservation pre-embedding construction are carried out;
pouring concrete, wherein the structural concrete construction adopts one-time pouring construction of a horizontal structure and a vertical structure;
step eight, removing the template; the demolding time is determined according to the specific conditions of engineering projects, and the wall mold is generally removed after 24 hours under normal weather conditions;
the template should be started from the wall head, and before the wall template is removed, all the cross braces, the back ribs, the lock catches and the like are guaranteed to be removed;
step nine, dismantling the floor slab templates 4 and the early dismantling beams 1, and carrying out early dismantling of the floor slab templates 4 after the floor slab concrete strength reaches 50% of the concrete design strength; the beam bottom die can be removed when the concrete strength reaches 75% of the design strength; the vertical independent support rods 3 are kept still, the early-dismantling support sliding pin plates are knocked one by one, the floor slab templates 4 and the early-dismantling beams 1 fall by about 200mm, and then the floor slab templates 4 and the early-dismantling beams 1 are taken down one by one;
and step ten, dismantling the vertical independent support rods 3 and the early dismantling support heads 2, and dismantling the vertical independent support rods 3 after the concrete strength reaches the form dismantling strength allowed by the corresponding span standard according to the span of the beam plate.
The early-dismantling formwork system and the construction method thereof provided by the invention have reasonable structural design and can be used for the concrete construction of constructional engineering structures such as wall column beam plates of high-rise, super high-rise, multi-storey houses and public buildings. Interactions between the individual components can be avoided. The formed concrete has good flatness and less bubbles, and can achieve the effect of bare concrete. Compared with an aluminum alloy early-dismantling formwork system, the steel frame wood-plastic formwork system has obvious advantages in terms of cost, concrete forming effect, formwork universality and the like, the steel frame wood-plastic formwork system has the turnover frequency of 30-50 times, a damaged panel can be replaced, and a steel frame and the formwork can be recycled.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but any changes or substitutions that would occur to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.一种早拆模板体系，其特征在于，包括内墙板体系、外墙板体系、转角模板和楼承板体系；1. An early demolition formwork system, characterized by including an interior wall panel system, an exterior wall panel system, a corner formwork and a floor decking system; 所述楼承板体系包括楼板模板(4)和早拆装置，所述早拆装置包括竖向独立支撑杆(3)、卡接设置在竖向独立支撑杆(3)顶部的早拆支撑头(2)和早拆梁(1)，早拆支撑头(2)顶部贴合设置在早拆梁(1)的下表面；早拆梁(1)平行间隔贴合设置在楼板模板(4)下表面；The floor deck system includes a floor formwork (4) and an early demolition device. The early demolition device includes a vertical independent support rod (3) and an early demolition support head snap-fitted on the top of the vertical independent support rod (3). (2) and the early demolition beam (1), the top of the early demolition support head (2) is attached to the lower surface of the early demolition beam (1); the early demolition beam (1) is attached to the floor formwork (4) at parallel intervals. lower surface; 所述内墙板体系包括两块第一墙柱模板(7)、设置在第一墙柱模板(7)外侧面的第一背楞、顶板连接模板(5)、连接锁扣(8)和对拉螺栓(6)，第一墙柱模板(7)下端设置在下层楼板(18)上，第一墙柱模板(7)上端与顶板连接模板(5)的下端通过连接锁扣(8)连接；The interior wall panel system includes two first wall column formworks (7), a first back corrugation provided on the outer side of the first wall column formwork (7), a top plate connecting formwork (5), a connecting lock (8) and Pull bolts (6), the lower end of the first wall column formwork (7) is set on the lower floor slab (18), the upper end of the first wall column formwork (7) is connected to the top plate, and the lower end of the formwork (5) is connected through the connecting lock (8) connect; 顶板连接模板(5)的上端抵在楼板模板(4)下表面；内墙两侧的第一墙柱模板(7)之间通过对拉螺栓(6)连接；The upper end of the roof connection formwork (5) is against the lower surface of the floor formwork (4); the first wall column formwork (7) on both sides of the interior wall is connected through pull bolts (6); 所述外墙板体系包括设置在室内的第一墙柱模板(7)、设置在第一墙柱模板(7)外侧面的第一背楞、设置在室外的第二墙柱模板(15)、设置在第二墙柱模板(15)外侧面的第二背楞、对拉螺栓(6)、竖向加固钢管(10)、外墙承接板(11)和定位挂座(12)，所述第一墙柱模板(7)下端设置在下层楼板(18)上，第一墙柱模板(7)上端与顶板连接模板(5)的下端之间通过连接锁扣(8)连接，顶板连接模板(5)的上端抵在楼板模板(4)下表面；The exterior wall panel system includes a first wall column formwork (7) arranged indoors, a first back corrugation arranged on the outer side of the first wall column formwork (7), and a second wall column formwork (15) arranged outdoors. , the second back fluting, pull bolts (6), vertical reinforcing steel pipes (10), exterior wall receiving plates (11) and positioning hangers (12) provided on the outer side of the second wall column formwork (15), so The lower end of the first wall column formwork (7) is set on the lower floor (18). The upper end of the first wall column formwork (7) and the lower end of the roof connection formwork (5) are connected by a connection lock (8), and the roof connection The upper end of the formwork (5) is against the lower surface of the floor formwork (4); 定位挂座(12)通过预埋件设在下层建筑外墙上，定位挂座(12)顶部设置有外墙承接板(11)，所述第二墙柱模板(15)下端设置在外墙承接板(11)上，第一墙柱模板(7)与第二墙柱模板(15)之间通过对拉螺栓(6)连接；第二墙柱模板(15)外侧面还设置有竖向加固钢管(10)；The positioning hanging seat (12) is installed on the outer wall of the lower building through embedded parts. The top of the positioning hanging seat (12) is provided with an exterior wall receiving plate (11). The lower end of the second wall column formwork (15) is provided with an exterior wall receiving plate. On the board (11), the first wall column formwork (7) and the second wall column formwork (15) are connected by tension bolts (6); the outer side of the second wall column formwork (15) is also provided with vertical reinforcement. steel pipe(10); 转角模板包括阳角模板(13)和阴角模板(14)；The corner template includes the external corner template (13) and the internal corner template (14); 第二背楞上开设有圆孔，竖向加固钢管(10)通过若干个加固弯钩(9)与第二墙柱模板(15)外侧面的第二背楞固定连接。A round hole is provided on the second backing corrugation, and the vertical reinforcing steel pipe (10) is fixedly connected to the second backing corrugation on the outer side of the second wall column formwork (15) through several reinforcement hooks (9). 2.如权利要求1所述的早拆模板体系，其特征在于，加固弯钩(9)为自锁式拉钩，加固弯钩(9)的尾部呈钩状。2. The early demolition formwork system according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing hook (9) is a self-locking hook, and the tail of the reinforcing hook (9) is hook-shaped. 3.如权利要求1所述的早拆模板体系，其特征在于，内墙板体系还包括墙端梁底锁扣(16)；墙端梁底锁扣(16)包括螺杆、第一挡块、螺母，第二挡块和蝴蝶扣，第一挡块设置在螺杆一侧并通过设置在第一挡块外侧面的螺母固定；第二挡块设置在螺杆另外一侧并通过设置在第二挡块外侧面的蝴蝶扣固定。3. The early demolition formwork system according to claim 1, characterized in that the interior wall panel system also includes a wall end beam bottom lock (16); the wall end beam bottom lock (16) includes a screw rod and a first stopper. , nut, second stopper and butterfly buckle, the first stopper is set on one side of the screw and fixed by the nut set on the outer side of the first stop; the second stopper is set on the other side of the screw and fixed by the nut set on the second The butterfly buckle on the outer side of the block is fixed. 4.如权利要求1所述的早拆模板体系，其特征在于，顶板连接模板(5)与墙柱模板之间还设置有可调锁扣(17)；可调锁扣(17)包括螺杆、弯钩和蝶形螺母，所述弯钩包括套筒段和设置在套筒段上的锁钩；弯钩有两个并且通过套筒段对称套接在螺杆两侧。4. The early demolition formwork system according to claim 1, characterized in that an adjustable lock (17) is provided between the roof connection formwork (5) and the wall column formwork; the adjustable lock (17) includes a screw rod. , hook and butterfly nut, the hook includes a sleeve section and a locking hook arranged on the sleeve section; there are two hooks and they are symmetrically sleeved on both sides of the screw through the sleeve section. 5.如权利要求1所述的早拆模板体系，其特征在于，第一墙柱模板(7)包括木塑面板、设置在木塑面板四周边缘位置的钢制边框和焊接在钢制边框上的加劲肋。5. The early demolition formwork system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first wall column formwork (7) includes a wood-plastic panel, a steel frame arranged around the edges of the wood-plastic panel, and a steel frame welded to the steel frame. of stiffeners. 6.如权利要求5所述的早拆模板体系，其特征在于，木塑面板厚度为13-20mm；木塑面板为木胶合板模板，木胶合板模板表面覆盖有厚度为2mm的硬制塑面。6. The early demolition formwork system according to claim 5, characterized in that the thickness of the wood-plastic panel is 13-20mm; the wood-plastic panel is a wood plywood formwork, and the surface of the wood plywood formwork is covered with a hard plastic surface with a thickness of 2mm. 7.如权利要求5所述的早拆模板体系，其特征在于，边框高64mm，宽25mm。7. The early removal formwork system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the frame is 64mm high and 25mm wide. 8.如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的早拆模板体系的施工方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：8. The construction method of the early demolition formwork system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the specific steps are as follows: 步骤一，按照结构设计图纸进行模板配模深化设计；备料；Step 1: Carry out detailed design of template matching according to the structural design drawings; prepare materials; 步骤二，加工第一墙柱模板(7)、第二墙柱模板(15)、顶板连接模板(5)和楼板模板(4)；加工完成后进行编号，并运输至现场；Step 2: Process the first wall column formwork (7), the second wall column formwork (15), the roof connection formwork (5) and the floor slab formwork (4); after the processing is completed, they are numbered and transported to the site; 步骤三，找平、放线及墙角定位，进行墙体钢筋绑扎施工，通过验收后进入下一道工序；Step 3: Leveling, laying out and positioning the wall corners, and tying the wall steel bars. After passing the acceptance inspection, proceed to the next process; 步骤四，竖向模板安装；放墙柱模板定位线，标高抄测，安装标准墙柱模板；非标层施工时，安装非标的木模板后检查垂直度及平整度；Step 4: Install the vertical formwork; place the positioning line of the wall column formwork, measure the elevation, and install the standard wall column formwork; during construction of non-standard layers, check the verticality and flatness after installing the non-standard wooden formwork; S1，内墙体系施工，第一墙柱模板(7)底部设置在下层楼板(18)上，第一墙柱模板(7)上端与顶板连接模板(5)的下端通过连接锁扣(8)连接，相邻墙柱模板之间通过连接锁扣(8)连接，墙两侧第一墙柱模板(7)之间通过对拉螺栓(6)连接；同步架设阳角模板(13)和阴角模板(14)；S1, interior wall system construction, the bottom of the first wall column formwork (7) is set on the lower floor slab (18), the upper end of the first wall column formwork (7) is connected to the top plate, and the lower end of the formwork (5) is connected through the connecting lock (8) Connect, adjacent wall column formworks are connected through connecting locks (8), and the first wall column formwork (7) on both sides of the wall are connected through pull bolts (6); the male corner formwork (13) and the female corner formwork (13) are synchronously erected. AngularTemplate(14); 第一墙柱模板(7)外侧设置第一背楞，第一背楞通过对拉螺栓（6）固定；A first back corrugation is set outside the first wall column formwork (7), and the first back corrugation is fixed by pull bolts (6); S2，外墙体系施工，需在下一楼层施工时，提前预埋定位钢筋；在下层混凝土浇筑完成并拆除外墙模板后，露出预埋定位钢筋；S2, for the construction of the exterior wall system, the positioning steel bars need to be pre-buried in advance during the construction of the next floor; after the concrete pouring on the lower floor is completed and the exterior wall formwork is removed, the pre-buried positioning steel bars are exposed; 外墙模板安装时，先安装定位挂座(12)并通过螺栓与预埋定位钢筋连接，定位挂座(12)顶部设置有外墙承接板(11)，通过外墙承接板(11)与第二墙柱模板(15)固定；建筑外墙两侧第一墙柱模板(7)与第二墙柱模板(15)之间通过对拉螺栓(6)连接；When installing the exterior wall formwork, first install the positioning hanger (12) and connect it to the pre-embedded positioning steel bars through bolts. The top of the positioning hanger (12) is provided with an exterior wall receiving plate (11), which is connected to the exterior wall through the exterior wall receiving plate (11). The second wall column formwork (15) is fixed; the first wall column formwork (7) and the second wall column formwork (15) on both sides of the building exterior wall are connected by tension bolts (6); 设置第二背楞，第二背楞通过对拉螺栓（6）固定；在第二墙柱模板(15)外侧面安装竖向加固钢管(10)；同步架设阳角模板(13)和阴角模板(14)；Set up a second back corrugation, which is fixed by pull bolts (6); install a vertical reinforcing steel pipe (10) on the outer side of the second wall column formwork (15); simultaneously set up the external corner formwork (13) and the internal corner template(14); 步骤五，安装早拆梁(1)，安装楼板模板（4），检查楼板模板（4）平整度及复合墙柱垂直和平整度；Step 5: Install the early demolition beam (1), install the floor formwork (4), check the flatness of the floor formwork (4) and the verticality and flatness of the composite wall columns; 楼板模板(4)以早拆梁(1)作为支座进行硬拼，不留缝隙；早拆梁(1)以早拆支撑头(2)为支座，早拆支撑头(2)处于安装状态时，早拆梁(1)与楼板模板(4)紧密贴合；楼板四周模板安装于顶板连接模板(5)的上端，并通过连接锁扣(8)连接；相邻竖向独立支撑杆（3）之间间距为1.2m；The floor formwork (4) uses the early demolition beam (1) as a support to be assembled without leaving any gaps; the early demolition beam (1) uses the early demolition support head (2) as a support, and the early demolition support head (2) is installed When in the state, the early demolition beam (1) is closely attached to the floor formwork (4); the formwork around the floor is installed on the upper end of the roof connection formwork (5) and connected through the connecting lock (8); adjacent vertical independent support rods (3) The distance between them is 1.2m; 步骤六，楼板模板(4)安装验收通过后，进行梁板钢筋绑扎、机电预留预埋施工；Step 6: After the installation and acceptance of the floor formwork (4) is passed, the beam and plate steel bar binding and electromechanical reservation and embedding construction will be carried out; 步骤七，浇筑混凝土，结构混凝土施工采用水平、竖向结构一次浇筑施工；Step 7: Pour concrete. Structural concrete construction adopts horizontal and vertical structure pouring construction at one time; 步骤八，模板拆除；根据工程项目的具体情况决定拆模时间，一般在天气正常情况下24小时后拆除；Step 8: Remove the formwork; the formwork removal time is determined based on the specific conditions of the project, and is generally removed after 24 hours under normal weather conditions; 步骤九，拆除楼板模板(4)和早拆梁(1)，在楼板混凝土强度达到混凝土设计强度50%以后，可进行楼板模板(4)早拆；在混凝土强度达到设计强度75%即可拆除梁底模；保留竖向独立支撑杆(3)不动，先逐个敲动早拆支撑滑动销板，楼板模板(4)及早拆梁(1)将下落200mm左右，再挨个取下楼板模板(4)及早拆梁(1)；Step 9: Remove the floor formwork (4) and early demolition beams (1). After the concrete strength of the floor reaches 50% of the concrete design strength, the floor formwork (4) can be demolished early; after the concrete strength reaches 75% of the design strength, the floor formwork (4) can be removed. Beam bottom formwork; keep the vertical independent support rod (3) stationary, first knock the support sliding pin plate for early removal one by one, and remove the floor formwork (4) as soon as possible. The beam (1) will drop about 200mm, and then remove the floor formwork one by one ( 4) Remove the beam as early as possible (1); 步骤十，竖向独立支撑杆(3)、早拆支撑头(2)拆除，根据梁板跨度，在混凝土强度达到相应跨度规范允许的拆模强度后，进行竖向独立支撑杆(3)拆除。Step 10: Remove the vertical independent support rod (3) and early-detachable support head (2). According to the span of the beam and plate, after the concrete strength reaches the formwork strength allowed by the corresponding span specification, remove the vertical independent support rod (3). .
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