CN112509140A - GRC forming method for single-curve fitting space curved surface - Google Patents
GRC forming method for single-curve fitting space curved surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN112509140A CN112509140A CN202011504851.1A CN202011504851A CN112509140A CN 112509140 A CN112509140 A CN 112509140A CN 202011504851 A CN202011504851 A CN 202011504851A CN 112509140 A CN112509140 A CN 112509140A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a GRC forming method for a single-curve fitting space curved surface, which comprises the following steps: (1) analyzing the body, selecting an optimized fitting skin, and analyzing the body of the plate before single-curve fitting; (2) single-curve fitting, namely performing two times of single-curve fitting on the skin which can be optimized, and optimizing all skins into a plurality of single-curved surfaces with the same radius; (3) counting all single-curved-surface radius types of the project, and chord length and height of each radius; (4) manufacturing a single-curve mold table according to the data counted in the step (3); (5) and positioning the classified plates on a single-curve mold table for processing and manufacturing. Under the condition of not changing the modeling of the outer facade of the building, the single-curved mold platform of the curved surface special-shaped GRC common mode is finally obtained through the first fitting and the second fitting of the single curve, the single-curved mold platform can be repeatedly used, and the problems of long production cycle, high cost, and the like of the curved surface special-shaped GRC mold are solved. The production cost of project materials is reduced, the utilization rate of a die is improved, and the production period of the materials is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of construction of building curtain walls, and particularly relates to a GRC forming method for a single-curve fitting space curved surface.
Background
Special-shaped GRC of space curved surface has extremely strong visual impact, and the size molding of every plate of special-shaped GRC of curved surface all inequality, needs to use 1: 1, each curved surface GRC needs a special wood mold to be processed, and the cost of the mold accounts for a large part of the cost of the GRC.
The spatial curved surface special-shaped GRC adopts the following steps: the die drawing of 1 is processed and manufactured, the drawing time of the die drawing, the steel frame drawing and the positioning drawing is extremely complex, each plate needs to be processed and manufactured by a special die, each set of die cannot be reused after being used, and the material loss is extremely large.
The manufacturing process of the traditional space curved surface special-shaped GRC die is roughly as follows:
1. the local BIM building skin model is righted to a proper XY plane, and a coordinate system is established;
2. cutting a rib plate line from the BIM model at intervals of 300mm in the X-axis direction, and deviating 150mm towards the direction of the building outer vertical surface to form a closed rib plate diagram;
3. 1, applying a carving machine on a 10mm wood board to perform the following steps on each rib plate diagram: 1, engraving;
4. positioning the rib plate graph through the X-axis position of the rib plate graph and the elevation of a control point;
5. and (5) paving a layer of wood board with the thickness of 15mm on the rib plate drawing, polishing and putty scraping, and finishing the manufacture of the die drawing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a GRC forming method for a single-curve fitting space curved surface, which can reduce the production cost of project materials, improve the utilization rate of a die and reduce the production period of the materials.
The invention provides a GRC forming method for a single-curve fitting space curved surface, which comprises the following steps:
(1) analysis of body shape
Selecting an optimized fitting skin, and performing shape analysis on the plate before performing single-curve fitting;
(2) single curve fitting
Performing two-time single-curve fitting on the optimizable epidermis, and optimizing all the epidermis into a plurality of single-curved surfaces with the same radius;
(3) counting all single-curved-surface radius types of the project, and chord length and height of each radius;
(4) manufacturing a single-curve mold table according to the data counted in the step (3);
(5) and positioning the classified plates on a single-curve mold table for processing and manufacturing.
In the method, rhinoceros software is used for carrying out body analysis on the epidermis of the whole project in the step (1), and the spatial curved surface GRC epidermis which can be optimized is preliminarily screened.
In the method, the first fitting in the step (2) adopts an exhaustion method, the single original building surface is attached to a cylindrical single curved surface, the minimum error of the single-curved fitting of the GRC plate is calculated, the construction allowable range is determined according to the project construction condition, and the plate which is most suitable for the single-curved fitting is screened out for single-curved processing.
In the method, the second fitting of the single curve in the step (2) is carried out on the basis of the first fitting, radians with different radiuses are classified into a plurality of radians Rx, and all the first-fitting plates Z are ensured1The machining and manufacturing can be carried out on Rx, and the error of the fitting surface under the Rx radius is less than 1 mm.
In the method, the specific process of the step (3) is as follows:
assuming a radius of a single-curve first-fit to be R1The maximum chord length of the plate is D, the arch height is H, and the chord length D is brought into all RxIn which all arch heights H are foundx，HxMinimum value H of absolute value minus Hmin，HminNeed be less than 1mm, HminCorresponding RnThat is the block of fitting surface Z1The die table is located;
according to the corresponding quadratic fitting radius RnRegenerating the second fitting plane Z2Second order simulation of regenerationZ plane of the surface2All radii are at RnIn the interior, each R is countednMaximum chord length L of all plates under radiusmaxMaximum height HmaxThen the resulting mold table MT-N radius RnChord length LmaxHeight Hmax。
In the method, after the single-curve mold table MT-N in the step (4) is manufactured, the surface of the mold table is subjected to smooth treatment and then is subjected to paint treatment.
In the method, the step (5) identifies the curved surface special-shaped GRC plate to an optimal mold closing table through BIM software to carry out three-dimensional positioning, the positioned plate is marked with a position in a coordinate mode, and a GRC side line is positioned according to a positioning coordinate during production.
The invention realizes large-area common mode of the curved GRC by a method of single-curve fitting of the space curved surface without changing the shape of the facade of the building, thereby greatly saving the production cost of the GRC. The single-curve mold table of the curved surface special-shaped GRC common mode is finally obtained through sequential fitting and secondary fitting of the single curve, the single-curve mold table can be recycled, and the problems of long production period, high cost and the like of a curved surface special-shaped GRC mold are solved. The production cost of project materials is reduced, the utilization rate of a die is improved, and the production period of the materials is shortened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 to 14 are schematic diagrams of a single-curve fitting process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 to 25 are schematic diagrams of a prior art curved surface profile GRC process.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a GRC forming method for a single-curve fitting space curved surface, which comprises the following steps:
(1) analysis of body shape
Selecting an optimized fitting skin, and performing shape analysis on the plate before performing single-curve fitting;
(2) single curve fitting
Performing two-time single-curve fitting on the optimizable epidermis, and optimizing all the epidermis into a plurality of single-curved surfaces with the same radius;
(3) counting all single-curved-surface radius types of the project, and chord length and height of each radius;
(4) manufacturing a single-curve mold table according to the data counted in the step (3);
(5) and positioning the classified plates on a single-curve mold table for processing and manufacturing.
This embodiment and prior art are directed at the shaping of same space curved surface dysmorphism GRC, and specific step is as follows: as can be seen in conjunction with fig. 1 to 5:
in this embodiment, in the step (1), the rhinoceros software is used to perform the body analysis on the skin of the whole project, and the spatial curved surface GRC skin capable of being optimized is preliminarily screened to obtain the spatial curved surface special-shaped GRC surface X, as shown in fig. 1.
In this embodiment, the single-curved surface in step (2) is fitted for the first time, and the fitting principle is that a single original building skin is fitted to the cylindrical single-curved surface as much as possible by using an exhaustion method.
The specific steps of the exhaustive method are as follows:
taking N points on the surface X of the original GRC plate surface, making M arc pressing lines in the normal plane of the curved surface of each point, and making an arc through the middle point of the end point of each arc pressing line, as shown in 2;
a cylindrical single-curved surface Y is generated through the circular arc, as shown in FIG. 3;
dispersing 100 points on the X surface, removing 10 points on each edge line, adding 4 corner points, and respectively calculating the distances from the panel points, the edge line points and the corner points to all the generated Y surfaces, as shown in FIG. 4;
determining the maximum D of these distances1、D2、D3The values of (A) are fitting errors, and the comparison yields the fitting errors (D) of all the generated Y planes1，D2，D3) Find the plane Y with the minimum fitting errorminAs shown in fig. 5;
projecting the obtained side line normal of the surface X to the surface YminOn, cut out our final fitting surface Z1As shown in fig. 6;
the first fitting is to calculate the minimum error of the single-curve fitting of the GRC plate, and obtain the X surface to be locally compared with the fitting surface Z, as shown in FIG. 7;
the results of the first fit data were obtained by analysis with the Grasshopper program, as shown in fig. 8. (all plates of the project are analyzed, the plates with the error smaller than 5mm are counted according to the fitting error, and the plates with the error larger than 5mm are machined by adopting the traditional process.
The data for the first single-curve fit are shown in the following table:
in this embodiment, the second fitting of the single curve in the step (2) is performed, and the second fitting is performed on the basis of the first fitting of the single curve, the first fitting of the single curve realizes the single curve of the spatial special-shaped curved surface GRC, and the second fitting of the single curve needs to realize the common mode of GRC plates.
The principle of the single-curve quadratic fitting is to classify radians with different radiuses into a plurality of different radiuses Rx, so that all the first-fit plates Z1 can be processed and manufactured on Rx, and the error of the fitting surface under the Rx radius is less than 1 mm.
In this embodiment, the specific process of step (3) is as follows:
assuming a radius of a single-curve first-fit to be R1The maximum chord length of the plate is D, the arch height is H, and the chord length D is substituted into all RxIn which all arch heights H are foundx，HxMinimum value H of absolute value minus Hmin，HminLess than 1mm is required (if HminThe number of die stages is increased when the diameter is larger than 1 mm), HminCorresponding RnIs the block of fitting surface Z1The die table is arranged. The principle of the second fit of the single curve is shown in FIG. 9, and the results of the second fit of the single curve are shown in the following table:
according to the corresponding quadratic fitting radius RnRegenerating the second fitting plane Z2To re-establishGenerated quadratic fit plane Z2All radii are at RnIn the interior, each R is countednMaximum chord length L of all plates under radiusmaxMaximum height HmaxNote that the maximum chord length is the corresponding length in the radial direction and the maximum height is the corresponding height perpendicular to the radial direction, then the radius R of the mold table MT-N is finally obtainednChord length LmaxHeight Hmax。
The resulting bench data are shown in the following table:
in this embodiment, step (4) is based on the R calculated in step (3)n，Lmax，HmaxThe production of the single-curve mold MT-N, the female mold platen and the male mold platen is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, and the corresponding actual drawing is shown in FIG. 12. And after the manufacturing is finished, polishing the die table again by adopting a putty coating mode to ensure that the surface of the die table is smooth, then performing atom powder repairing, polishing and edge covering treatment on the surface of the die table, and finally spraying bright floor paint.
In this example, step (5) fits GRC plates to the optimal positions of the corresponding mold stages by the Grasshopper program, as shown in fig. 13.
And finally, taking an intersection point with the GRC panel at an interval of 300 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, marking the position of the intersection point in a coordinate mode, sequentially connecting all the intersection points to obtain a GRC rib diagram, wherein the diagram of the single-curve fitting GRC production mold is shown in FIG. 14.
After the GRC baffle is fixed, a spray gun is used for spraying GRC mortar to manufacture the GRC panel.
The embodiment adopts the curved surface special-shaped GRC processing in the prior art, and the specific process is as follows:
1. the wall surface is subdivided into N areas, and the curtain wall surface of the same mould table is selected, as shown in figure 15;
2. the curtain wall skin in this region is positioned in the XY plane and a coordinate system is established, as shown in fig. 16.
3. Cutting a gusset line from the curtain wall skin model every 300mm in the X-axis direction, as shown in FIG. 17;
4. the displacement is 150mm towards the building facade direction, and a closed rib plate diagram is formed, as shown in figure 18;
5. 1, applying a carving machine on a 10mm wood board to perform the following steps on each rib plate diagram: 1 (the size of the carved wood board is 2400 x 1200mm, and segmented carving is needed when the size is not enough), as shown in fig. 19;
6. positioning the position of each rib plate by using a total station through the corresponding coordinates of the rib plate map, as shown in fig. 20;
7. paving a layer of wood board with the thickness of 15mm on the rib plate drawing, polishing and puttying to finish the manufacture of the mold drawing, as shown in figure 21;
8. the points of the panel sidelines were struck with a total station, and the GRC panels were separated by 15mm boards. Using a spray gun to spray GRC mortar to manufacture a GRC panel, as shown in FIG. 22;
9. after the GRC back and web steel frame is modeled by three-dimensional BIM, a steel frame processing diagram is derived in batch by using a BIM batch plotting technique, as shown in fig. 23.
10. The steel frame is positioned to the panel position using a total station and connected to the GRC panel in fluke form as shown in fig. 24.
The prior art is shown in figure 25 for a curved surface special-shaped GRC production mold.
Comparing the present invention with the prior art, it is obvious that the single-curve fitting GRC production mold diagram of the present invention is much simpler than the curved surface special-shaped GRC production mold of the prior art, because the present embodiment realizes the large-area common mode of the curved surface GRC by the single-curve fitting spatial curved surface method. The invention verifies that the large-area common mode of the curved GRC is realized by a method of single-curve fitting of the space curved surface under the condition of not changing the external facade model of the building, and the problems of long production period, high cost and the like of the curved special-shaped GRC mould in the prior art are solved. The production cost of project materials is reduced, the utilization rate of a die is improved, and the production period of the materials is shortened.
Claims (7)
1. A method for forming a single-curve fitting space curved surface GRC comprises the following steps:
(1) analysis of body shape
Selecting an optimized fitting skin, and performing shape analysis on the plate before performing single-curve fitting;
(2) single curve fitting
Performing two-time single-curve fitting on the optimizable epidermis, and optimizing all the epidermis into a plurality of single-curved surfaces with the same radius;
(3) counting all single-curved-surface radius types of the project, and chord length and height of each radius;
(4) manufacturing a single-curve mold table according to the data counted in the step (3);
(5) and positioning the classified plates on a single-curve mold table for processing and manufacturing.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (1) performing body analysis on the epidermis of the whole item through rhinoceros software, and primarily screening the spatial curved surface GRC epidermis which can be optimized.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (3) fitting the surface of a single original building to a cylindrical single curved surface by adopting an exhaustion method in the first fitting in the step (2), calculating the minimum error of the single-curved fitting of the GRC plate, determining a construction allowable range according to project construction conditions, and screening the plate most suitable for the single-curved fitting to perform single-curved processing.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: and (3) performing second fitting of the single curve on the basis of the first fitting, classifying radians with different radiuses into a plurality of different radiuses Rx, and ensuring all the first-fitting plates Z1The machining and manufacturing can be carried out on Rx, and the error of the fitting surface under the Rx radius is less than 1 mm.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the specific process of step (3) is as follows:
assuming a radius of a single-curve first-fit to be R1The maximum chord length of the plate is D, the arch height is H, and the chord length D is brought into all RxIn which all arch heights H are foundx，HxMinimum value H of absolute value minus Hmin，HminNeed be less than 1mm, HminCorresponding RnThat is the block of fitting surface Z1The die table is located;
according to the corresponding quadratic fitting radius RnRegenerating the second fitting plane Z2Regenerated quadratic fit plane Z2All radii are at RnIn the interior, each R is countednMaximum chord length L of all plates under radiusmaxMaximum height HmaxThen the resulting mold table MT-N radius RnChord length LmaxHeight Hmax。
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (4) after the single-curved mold table MT-N is manufactured in the step (4), performing smooth treatment on the surface of the mold table and then performing paint treatment.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (5) identifying the curved surface special-shaped GRC plate to an optimal mold matching table through BIM software to perform three-dimensional positioning, marking the position of the positioned plate in a coordinate mode, and positioning the GRC side line according to the positioning coordinate during production.
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