CN111153244A - Cargo loading and unloading system and cargo loading and unloading method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cargo handling system and a cargo handling method, wherein the cargo handling system comprises a handling platform, a first conveying device, a cargo compartment and a second conveying device, the first conveying device is arranged on the handling platform, the second conveying device is arranged in the cargo compartment, and the second conveying device can be spliced with the first conveying device into a whole so that a cargo stack integrally moves between the handling platform and the cargo compartment. The cargo handling system of the invention can ensure that all the cargos can be conveyed into the cargo compartment as a whole at one time or output from the cargo compartment to the handling platform as a whole at one time through the first conveying device arranged on the handling platform and the second conveying device arranged in the cargo compartment which can be spliced into a whole, thereby greatly reducing the time for the cargos to enter and be transported out from the cargo compartment, greatly improving the cargo handling efficiency, having high automation degree, avoiding manual handling, saving a large amount of labor cost and reducing the labor intensity.

Description

Cargo loading and unloading system and cargo loading and unloading method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of logistics storage, in particular to a cargo loading and unloading system and a cargo loading and unloading method.

Background

At present, the logistics industry at home and abroad is rapidly developed, and the links of loading and unloading goods are the key in the whole logistics process. For various reasons, the loading and unloading level of the whole industry is still in the primary stage, the manual loading and unloading mode is mainly adopted, and the production efficiency is low. Whether manual or mechanical loading and unloading are adopted, the goods are transferred in the goods compartment in batches, and the whole process has many links and low efficiency. As the number of goods increases rapidly, in order to meet market demands, a multi-person loading mode is generally adopted to improve efficiency, but with the consequent high labor cost. Under the circumstance, a set of efficient and intelligent mechanical loading and unloading system becomes a product which is urgently needed by the current logistics industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a cargo loading and unloading system and a cargo loading and unloading method, wherein all cargos can be conveyed into a cargo compartment as a whole at one time or output from the cargo compartment as a whole at one time, so that the cargo loading and unloading efficiency is greatly improved, and a large amount of labor cost is saved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

in one aspect, a cargo handling system is provided that includes a loading dock, a first conveyor disposed on the loading dock, a cargo bed disposed in the cargo bed, and a second conveyor that is integrally connected to the first conveyor to move a stack of cargo between the loading dock and the cargo bed.

As a preferable mode of the present invention, an end of the first conveyor device connected to the second conveyor device is provided with a detection portal frame, and the detection portal frame is provided with a first detector for measuring a space size in the cargo compartment and a second detector for detecting a size of a cargo pile on the first conveyor device.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the loading and unloading platform is detachably provided with a plurality of piles, and the piles are arranged near the lifting platform.

As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the cargo handling system further includes a plurality of trucks that stack the cargo on the first conveyor according to the size of the space in the cargo compartment to form a stack;

or, the carrier conveys the goods stack on the first conveying device to a warehouse.

As a preferable mode of the present invention, a rotary connecting mechanism is provided at one end of the second conveyor device close to the first conveyor device, and the rotary connecting mechanism is rotatable to a horizontal state and connected to the first conveyor device.

As a preferable mode of the present invention, the second conveying device is provided with a loading and unloading baffle plate, the loading and unloading baffle plate is vertically arranged, and one side surface of the loading and unloading baffle plate abuts against one side of the goods stack and moves along with the goods stack.

As a preferable mode of the present invention, the first conveyor includes a first segment and a second segment, the second segment is disposed between the first segment and the second conveyor, shaping fences are disposed on both sides of the second segment, and the stack of goods passes through between the shaping fences.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the cargo handling system further includes a transport vehicle, the cargo bed is disposed on the transport vehicle, two guide wheels are disposed at a rear portion of the transport vehicle, the two guide wheels are disposed at two sides of the transport vehicle in the width direction at intervals, two guide seats are disposed at an edge of the loading platform, and the two guide wheels can extend into an interval between the two guide seats.

As a preferable mode of the present invention, a horizontal rotation mechanism, a horizontal translation mechanism, and a front-rear lifting mechanism are provided at the bottom of the first conveying device.

In another aspect, a method of loading is provided, comprising the steps of:

s1, backing a transport vehicle into a position, and splicing a first conveying device on a loading platform and a second conveying device in a cargo compartment into a whole;

s2, measuring the space size in the cargo compartment by a first detector on a detection portal;

s3, stacking the goods on the first conveying device by a plurality of carriers according to the space size in the goods compartment;

s4, forming a goods stack by the goods and conveying the goods to the second conveying device by the first conveying device;

s5, the second detector measures the size of the goods stack, and when the size of the goods stack is qualified, the goods stack is integrally conveyed to the second conveying device.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first cart and/or the second cart have/has a pallet, the first cart and the second cart have/has a push-pull device, the loading/unloading platform has/has a plurality of posts, one side of the pallet close to the loading/unloading vehicle abuts against the posts, and the push-pull device pushes the cargo onto the loading/unloading vehicle.

In addition, the unloading method comprises the following steps:

s10, backing a transport vehicle into a position to enable a first conveying device on a loading platform and a second conveying device in a cargo compartment to be spliced into a whole;

s20, starting the second conveying device and the first conveying device simultaneously, and conveying the whole cargo stack in the cargo compartment to the first conveying device;

and S30, splitting the goods stack by a plurality of carrying vehicles and conveying the goods stack to a warehouse.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the cargo handling system of the invention can ensure that all the cargos can be conveyed into the cargo compartment as a whole at one time or output from the cargo compartment to the handling platform as a whole at one time through the first conveying device arranged on the handling platform and the second conveying device arranged in the cargo compartment which can be spliced into a whole, thereby greatly reducing the time for the cargos to enter and be transported out from the cargo compartment, greatly improving the cargo handling efficiency, having high automation degree, avoiding manual handling, saving a large amount of labor cost and reducing the labor intensity.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cargo handling system according to an embodiment of the present invention as a cargo bed approaches a first conveyor during loading;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stack of goods on a first conveyor ready for transport into the interior of a load compartment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the complete entry of the stack into the cargo bed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a cargo handling system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 1.

In the figure:

1. a first conveying device; 11. detecting a portal; 111. a first detector; 112. a second detector; 12. a first segment; 13. a second section; 131. shaping a baffle; 2. a second conveying device; 21. a rotary connection mechanism; 22. assembling and disassembling the baffle; 3. a loading and unloading platform; 31. a guide seat; 4. a cargo compartment; 5. a carrier; 6. a transport vehicle; 61. a guide wheel; 7. a ground surface; 71. a guide belt; 8. a console; 100. and (6) stacking the goods.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the word "over" a first feature or feature in a second feature may include the word "over" or "over" the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under" a second feature may include a first feature that is directly under and obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cargo handling system of the present embodiment includes a first conveyor 1, a second conveyor 2, a loading platform 3, and a cargo bed 4, the first conveyor 1 is disposed on the loading platform 3, the second conveyor 2 is disposed in the cargo bed 4, and the second conveyor 2 is integrally connected to the first conveyor 1, so that the cargo stack 100 is integrally moved between the loading platform 3 and the cargo bed 4.

The cargo handling system of this embodiment is through can splicing first conveyor 1 and the second conveyor 2 of setting in cargo compartment 4 on loading platform 3 as an organic whole, make whole goods can once carry to cargo compartment 4 in as a whole or once export to loading platform 3 in from cargo compartment 4 as a whole, the time that the goods got into cargo compartment 4 and transported out from cargo compartment 4 has significantly reduced, make the efficiency of loading and unloading goods increase substantially, and degree of automation is high, need not artifical transport, a large amount of cost of labor has been saved, and labor intensity is reduced.

Preferably, the first conveyor 1 is provided with a detection portal 11 at one end connected with the second conveyor 2, and the detection portal 11 is provided with a first detector 111 for measuring the size of the space in the cargo bed 4 and a second detector 112 for detecting the size of the cargo stack 100 on the first conveyor 1. In order to make the cargo stack 100 smoothly enter and exit the cargo compartment 4, the cross-sectional dimension of the cargo stack 100 needs to be smaller than that of the cargo compartment 4, and the first detector 111 and the second detector 112 respectively measure the dimensions of the cargo compartment 4 and the cargo stack 100, so as to provide relevant parameters for the system and ensure that the dimensions of the cargo stack 100 meet the requirements.

As shown in fig. 4, further, the cargo handling system further includes a plurality of trucks 5, the trucks 5 stacking the cargo on the first conveyor 1 according to the size of the space in the cargo box 4 to form a stack 100;

alternatively, the carrier 5 transports the stack 100 on the first conveyor 1 to a warehouse.

The stacking and transporting of the goods on the first conveyor 1 is performed by a plurality of trucks 5, which in some embodiments can receive data of the size of the space in the cargo box 4 measured by the first detector 111, and stack the goods on the first conveyor 1 to a size that can smoothly enter the cargo box 4 based on the data. A plurality of porters 5 can be simultaneously used to cooperatively work, thereby improving the efficiency of stacking the goods or the efficiency of unstacking the stack 100.

As shown in fig. 5, it is preferable that the second conveyor 2 is provided with a rotary connecting mechanism 21 at an end thereof adjacent to the first conveyor 1, and the rotary connecting mechanism 21 is rotatable to a horizontal state and connected to the first conveyor 1. The overall size and weight of the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2 are large, and if the two conveying devices are directly butted, the difficulty is high, and collision is easy to occur, so that the structure is damaged. The rotary connecting mechanism 21 is normally in a non-horizontal state, when the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2 are butted, the first conveying device and the second conveying device do not need to be too close to each other, but a certain interval is reserved to prevent the first conveying device and the second conveying device from colliding, when the second conveying device 2 reaches a preset position, the rotary connecting mechanism 21 is rotated to be in a horizontal state to fill the interval between the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2, so that the gap between the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2 is small enough, and the goods stack 100 can be safely and stably moved between the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2.

Preferably, the second conveyor 2 is provided with a loading and unloading barrier 22, and the loading and unloading barrier 22 is vertically arranged and one side surface thereof abuts against one side of the stack 100 and moves along with the stack 100. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the loading and unloading baffle 22 is located at the opening of the cargo compartment 4, when the cargo pile 100 just enters the second conveyor 2 from the first conveyor 1, the cargo pile 100 abuts against the loading and unloading baffle 22, the loading and unloading baffle 22 exerts a limiting effect, so that the lower part of the cargo pile 100 is kept in a straight line, and no inclination occurs, and as the cargo pile 100 gets deeper and deeper into the cargo compartment 4, the loading and unloading baffle 22 moves to the bottom of the cargo compartment 4. When the stack 100 needs to be transported out of the cargo box 4, the loading and unloading baffles 22 can push the bottom of the stack 100, so as to prevent the stack 100 from slipping on the second conveying device 2, thereby facilitating smooth transportation of the stack 100.

As shown in fig. 3, preferably, the first conveyor 1 includes a first segment 12 and a second segment 13, the second segment 13 is disposed between the first segment 12 and the second conveyor 2, shaping baffles 131 are disposed on both sides of the second segment 13, and the stack 100 passes between the shaping baffles 131. The shaping baffles 131 can align the inclined portions of the two sides of the stack 100, so that the stack 100 maintains a good overall shape, thereby facilitating the entry of the stack 100 into the cargo compartment 4 and facilitating the operation of the truck 5 for unstacking the stack 100.

As shown in fig. 4, preferably, the cargo handling system further includes a transport vehicle 6, the cargo bed 4 is disposed on the transport vehicle 6, two guide wheels 61 are disposed at the rear portion of the transport vehicle 6, the two guide wheels 61 are spaced apart from each other at both sides of the transport vehicle 6 in the width direction, two guide seats 31 are disposed at the edge of the loading platform 3, and the two guide wheels 61 can extend into the space between the two guide seats 31. In order to realize smooth conveyance of the stack 100, the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2 need to be well aligned, and if the offset range between the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device is large, the conveying operation cannot be smoothly completed. The distance between the outer sides of the two guide wheels 61 is slightly smaller than the distance between the two guide seats 31, and when the guide wheels 61 extend into the space between the two guide seats 31, the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2 can be well centered.

Furthermore, one surface of the guide seat 31 close to the guide wheel 61 is a curved surface, so that the distance between the guide seats 31 is in a horn shape with a large outside and a small inside, the guide wheel 61 can enter more smoothly, and the probability of collision between the guide wheel 61 and the guide seat 31 is reduced.

In some embodiments, the cargo handling system further comprises a tire guide mechanism disposed on the ground 7 below the loading dock 3, comprising two spaced apart guide belts 71, the distance between the two guide belts 71 being greater than the distance between the outside of the tires on either side of the transport vehicle 6. The cooperation between leading wheel 61 and the guide holder 31 is comparatively accurate, consequently has great operation degree of difficulty, hardly once directly accomplishes the centering between first conveyor 1 and the second conveyor 2, through set up two guidance tape 71 on ground 7, makes transport vechicle 6 alignment for roughly earlier to effectively reduce the cooperation degree of difficulty of leading wheel 61 and guide holder 31. The distance between the two guide belts 71 can be properly adjusted within a certain range, the guide belts are not too small and too large, the backing difficulty of the transport vehicle 6 can be increased due to too small distance, and the effect of roughly straightening the transport vehicle 6 cannot be exerted due to too large distance.

Preferably, the bottom of the first conveying device 1 is provided with a horizontal rotating mechanism, a left-right translation mechanism and a front-back lifting mechanism, so that the first conveying device 1 can be finely adjusted in various directions to achieve better alignment with the second conveying device 2.

Preferably, the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2 are electrically connected by a cable, so that the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2 work cooperatively, and the loading and unloading efficiency is improved.

In some embodiments, the loading platform 3 is further provided with a control console 8, and an operator can control and monitor the whole loading and unloading system through the control console 8, such as confirmation of the butt joint state of the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2, confirmation of the space size in the cargo box 4 and the size of the cargo stack 100, starting and stopping of the first conveying device 1 and the second conveying device 2, and the like.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a loading method, which comprises the following steps:

s1, backing a transport vehicle 6 into a position, and splicing a first conveying device 1 on a loading platform 3 and a second conveying device 2 in a cargo compartment 4 into a whole;

s2, measuring the space size in the cargo compartment 4 by a first detector 111 on the detection portal 11;

s3, stacking the goods on the first conveying device 1 by the plurality of carriers 5 according to the space size in the goods compartment 4;

s4, goods form a goods stack 100 and are conveyed to the second conveying device 2 by the first conveying device 1;

s5, the second detector 112 measures the size of the stack 100, and when the size of the stack 100 is qualified, the stack 100 is integrally conveyed to the second conveying device 2.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a discharging method, which comprises the following steps:

s10, backing a transport vehicle 6 into a position, and splicing a first conveying device 1 on a loading platform 3 and a second conveying device 2 in a cargo compartment 4 into a whole;

s20, the second conveying device 2 and the first conveying device 1 are started simultaneously, and the goods stack 100 in the goods compartment 4 is conveyed to the first conveying device 1 integrally;

and S30, detaching the stack 100 by a plurality of carriers 5 and conveying the stack to a warehouse.

The goods loading and unloading method has the advantages that the goods stack 100 is transported integrally to the maximum extent, the work of unstacking and stacking in the narrow space inside the goods carriage 4 is omitted, the goods loading and unloading efficiency is greatly improved, manual carrying is not needed, the labor cost is saved, and the labor intensity is reduced.

Reference throughout this specification to the description of the term "preferred" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the example or illustration is included in at least one example or illustration of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the details of the invention, which is not limited to the above details, i.e. it is not intended that the invention must be implemented in such detail. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A cargo handling system comprising a loading dock, a first conveyor disposed on the loading dock, a cargo bed disposed in the cargo bed, and a second conveyor integrally connected to the first conveyor for moving a stack of cargo between the loading dock and the cargo bed.

2. The cargo handling system according to claim 1, wherein the first conveyor means is provided with a sensing gantry at an end thereof connected to the second conveyor means, the sensing gantry being provided with a first sensor for measuring a size of the space in the cargo compartment and a second sensor for sensing a size of the stack of the cargo on the first conveyor means.

3. The cargo handling system of claim 2 further comprising a plurality of trucks that stack cargo on the first conveyor according to the size of the space within the cargo compartment to form a stack;

or, the carrier conveys the goods stack on the first conveying device to a warehouse.

4. The cargo handling system of claim 1, wherein the second conveyor is provided with a swivel connection near an end of the first conveyor, the swivel connection being rotatable to a horizontal position and connected to the first conveyor.

5. The cargo handling system of claim 1 wherein the second conveyor means is provided with a load stop, the load stop being vertically disposed with one side abutting one side of the stack and following movement of the stack.

6. The cargo handling system of claim 1 wherein the first conveyor includes a first section and a second section, the second section being disposed between the first section and the second conveyor, the second section being flanked by reforming stops, the stack of cargo passing between the reforming stops.

7. The cargo handling system of claim 1 further comprising a transport vehicle on which the cargo bed is disposed, the transport vehicle having a rear portion with two guide wheels spaced apart on opposite sides of the width of the transport vehicle, the platform having two guide sockets on an edge thereof, the two guide wheels being extendable into the space between the two guide sockets.

8. The cargo handling system of claim 1 wherein the first conveyor is provided with horizontal rotation, side-to-side translation, and front-to-back lift mechanisms at the bottom.

9. A method of loading, comprising the steps of:

s1, backing a transport vehicle into a position, and splicing a first conveying device on a loading platform and a second conveying device in a cargo compartment into a whole;

s2, measuring the space size in the cargo compartment by a first detector on a detection portal;

s3, stacking the goods on the first conveying device by a plurality of carriers according to the space size in the goods compartment;

s4, forming a goods stack by the goods and conveying the goods to the second conveying device by the first conveying device;

s5, the second detector measures the size of the goods stack, and when the size of the goods stack is qualified, the goods stack is integrally conveyed to the second conveying device.

10. A method of unloading, comprising the steps of:

s10, backing a transport vehicle into a position to enable a first conveying device on a loading platform and a second conveying device in a cargo compartment to be spliced into a whole;

s20, starting the second conveying device and the first conveying device simultaneously, and conveying the whole cargo stack in the cargo compartment to the first conveying device;

and S30, splitting the goods stack by a plurality of carrying vehicles and conveying the goods stack to a warehouse.

Images