CN111151724A - Flow-following semi-solid forming method and device thereof - Google Patents
Flow-following semi-solid forming method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111151724A CN111151724A CN202010045037.1A CN202010045037A CN111151724A CN 111151724 A CN111151724 A CN 111151724A CN 202010045037 A CN202010045037 A CN 202010045037A CN 111151724 A CN111151724 A CN 111151724A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/2038—Heating, cooling or lubricating the injection unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2218—Cooling or heating equipment for dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2272—Sprue channels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/32—Controlling equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/08—Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flowing semisolid forming device, which comprises: the device comprises a charging barrel, a pressure head, a flow channel and a temperature control system; the feed cylinder is the cavity of a cask shape, and the one end of feed cylinder is connected with the mould, the pressure head is the cylinder, and the internal diameter of the diameter ratio feed cylinder of pressure head is little 0.2 ~ 1.0mm, length 50 ~ 120mm, and the one end of pressure head is connected with the piston rod of pressurization hydro-cylinder through a connecting rod, and in the other end of pressure head stretched into the feed cylinder, can move freely in the feed cylinder, the one end and the feed cylinder intercommunication of runner to form 20 ~ 90 contained angles with the axis of feed cylinder, the other end and the mould chamber intercommunication of runner, temperature control system includes: the heating element and the temperature regulating instrument thereof have the temperature control precision of +/-1 ℃, are adaptive to the shape of the flow passage and are wound outside the flow passage and the charging barrel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal material semi-solid processing, in particular to the technical field of semi-solid extrusion casting, and specifically relates to a flowing semi-solid forming method and a device thereof.
Background
In the prior art, the semi-solid processing technology is that firstly, special equipment is used for preparing semi-solid melt or blank, then the semi-solid melt is poured or transferred into a pressing and injecting cylinder, and is pressed and formed by a die casting machine, a die forging machine or a rolling mill, or the pre-prepared semi-solid blank is heated to a molten state with coexisting solid and liquid and then is put into a die, and is pressed and formed by the die casting machine, the die forging machine or the rolling mill. The former is called semi-solid rheoforming and the latter is called semi-solid thixoforming. In the semi-solid rheoforming process, the preparation and casting processes of the semi-solid melt are polluted by atmosphere, including oxidation, air entrainment and the like, so that oxidation inclusions and air hole defects in semi-solid rheoforming parts are inevitable, and the quality and the performance of the parts are difficult to stabilize.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low production efficiency and high cost caused by the oxidation of the entrapped gas and the step-by-step implementation of the preparation and the forming of the semi-solid melt in the existing semi-solid forming technology, a flow-following semi-solid forming method and a device thereof are provided.
The invention provides a novel method for semi-solid rheological molding, which is called as flowing-following semi-solid molding, the method prepares semi-solid melt in real time in the process that alloy melt flows into a die cavity, and integrates the preparation, casting and molding of the semi-solid melt into one step for completion, thereby saving the steps of casting and transferring the semi-solid melt, and effectively solving the problems of poor quality and performance stability and high cost caused by oxide inclusion and air hole defects in the existing semi-solid processing.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a flow-following semi-solid forming apparatus comprising: the device comprises a charging barrel 1, a pressure head 3, a flow channel 7 and a temperature control system 10;
the charging barrel 1 is a barrel-shaped cavity, one end of the charging barrel 1 is connected with the mould,
the pressure head 3 is a cylinder, the diameter of the pressure head 3 is 0.2-1.0 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the charging barrel 1, the length is 50-120 mm, one end of the pressure head 3 is connected with a piston rod of the pressurizing oil cylinder 4 through a connecting rod, the other end of the pressure head 3 extends into the charging barrel 1 and can freely move in the charging barrel 1,
one end of the runner 7 is communicated with the charging barrel 1 and forms an included angle of 20-90 degrees with the axis of the charging barrel 1, the other end of the runner 7 is communicated with the die cavity 5,
the temperature control system 10 includes: the heating element 9 and the temperature regulating instrument thereof have the temperature control precision of +/-1 ℃, and the heating element 9 is adaptive to the shape of the flow passage 7 and is wound outside the flow passage 7 and the charging barrel 1.
On the basis of the scheme, the charging barrel 1 is made of a heat-insulating material, and the temperature of the charging barrel 1 is TL～TS+20 ℃ where T isLIs the alloy liquidus temperature, TSIs the alloy solidus temperature; the heat insulating material is foamed alumina, diatomite, bauxite, etc.
On the basis of the scheme, the flow channel 7 is made of die steel, ceramic or graphite and other materials, the surface roughness of the flow channel 7 is 6.3-25 mu m, the flow channel 7 is tubular, disc-shaped or conical, and the cross section thickness of the flow channel 7 is 10-100 mm; the temperature of the runner 7 is between the solidus and liquidus temperatures of the alloy.
On the basis of the scheme, the flow channel 7 is made of die steel, the surface of the flow channel is coated with a nucleation coating 8, and the nucleation coating 8 consists of 100-mesh and 300-mesh ceramic particles, a binder and a suspending agent.
The flow-following semi-solid forming method applying the flow-following semi-solid forming device comprises the following steps:
s1 temperature adjustment: the temperature of the cylinder 1 and the alloy liquid 2 is adjusted so that the temperature of the cylinder 1 is TL～TS+20 ℃, transferring alloy liquid 2 into the charging barrel 1, wherein the alloy liquid 2 comprises: aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy or zinc alloy and the like, wherein the temperature of the alloy liquid 2 is TL+0～10℃；
S2 protection gas 6: introducing protective gas 6 such as nitrogen or argon which does not react with the alloy liquid 2 and is not dissolved into the die cavity 5, wherein the gas pressure is more than 0.1 MPa;
s3 preparation with flow: starting a pressurizing oil cylinder 4 of a forming device, pushing the alloy liquid 2 in the charging barrel 1 into a runner 7 through a pressure head 3, wherein the average flow velocity of the alloy liquid 2 in the runner 7 is 10-100mm/s, and in the process that the alloy liquid 2 flows through the runner 7, the alloy liquid 2 is contacted with the inner wall of the runner 7 or a nucleation coating 8 to form discrete micro crystals, and the micro crystals are peeled off under the action of shear stress of flowing alloy melt and mixed into the alloy melt, so that the alloy melt is gradually changed into a solid-liquid mixture containing 2-30% of fine crystal particles, namely a semi-solid alloy melt;
s4 solidification forming: the semi-solid alloy melt is pressed into a die cavity 5 arranged on the forming device, and the semi-solid alloy melt is continuously pressurized until the semi-solid alloy melt is completely solidified and formed.
On the basis of the above scheme, the forming device comprises: die casting machines, squeeze casting machines or die forging machines.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) high efficiency: in the process that the alloy liquid flows through the runner and enters the die cavity, semi-solid alloy melt (slurry) containing a certain solid phase is prepared, special procedures are not needed for preparing the semi-solid slurry, only a few seconds are needed, and the preparation efficiency is extremely high;
(2) cleaning: the alloy liquid is kept still in the charging barrel, so that the gas in the alloy liquid can be discharged; the subsequent entry into the mold cavity is carried out under atmospheric protection without risk of atmospheric oxidation and slag entrapment, so the semi-solid melt is clean.
(3) The cost is low: the special semi-solid melt preparation and pouring transfer procedures are saved, so the cost is obviously reduced. The process cost is equivalent to low-pressure casting.
(4) The organization is fine: the alloy liquid passing through the flow channel is changed into a solid-liquid mixture containing crystal nuclei or fine crystals, and the mixture is pressed under high pressure after entering a die cavity, so that the internal structure is fine and compact, the defects of shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity are avoided, and the comprehensive performance is excellent;
(5) the application range is wide: the invention is suitable for semisolid extrusion casting, semisolid die casting and semisolid die forging of materials such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy, zinc alloy, magnesium alloy, steel and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a flow-following semi-solid rheoforming apparatus according to the present invention.
1-charging barrel, 2-alloy liquid, 3-pressure head, 4-pressurizing oil cylinder, 5-mould cavity, 6-protective gas, 7-flow channel, 8-nucleation coating, 9-heating element and 10-temperature control system.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is completely described in detail with reference to the attached drawing 1.
A flow-following semi-solid forming apparatus comprising: the device comprises a charging barrel 1, a pressure head 3, a flow channel 7 and a temperature control system 10;
the charging barrel 1 is a barrel-shaped cavity, one end of the charging barrel 1 is connected with the mould,
the pressure head 3 is a cylinder, the diameter of the pressure head 3 is 0.2-1.0 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the charging barrel 1, the length is 50-120 mm, one end of the pressure head 3 is connected with a piston rod of the pressurizing oil cylinder 4 through a connecting rod, the other end of the pressure head 3 extends into the charging barrel 1 and can freely move in the charging barrel 1,
one end of the runner 7 is communicated with the charging barrel 1 and forms an included angle of 20-90 degrees with the axis of the charging barrel 1, the other end of the runner 7 is communicated with the die cavity 5,
the temperature control system 10 includes: the heating element 9 and the temperature regulating instrument thereof have the temperature control precision of +/-1 ℃, and the heating element 9 is adaptive to the shape of the flow passage 7 and is wound outside the flow passage 7 and the charging barrel 1.
On the basis of the scheme, the charging barrel 1 is made of a heat-insulating material, and the temperature of the charging barrel 1 is TL～TS+20 ℃ where T isLIs the alloy liquidus temperature, TSIs the alloy solidus temperature; the heat insulating material is foamed alumina, diatomite, bauxite, etc.
On the basis of the scheme, the flow channel 7 is made of die steel, ceramic or graphite and other materials, the surface roughness of the flow channel 7 is 6.3-25 mu m, the flow channel 7 is tubular, disc-shaped or conical, and the cross section thickness of the flow channel 7 is 10-100 mm; the temperature of the runner 7 is between the solidus and liquidus temperatures of the alloy.
On the basis of the scheme, the flow channel 7 is made of die steel, the surface of the flow channel is coated with a nucleation coating 8, and the nucleation coating 8 consists of 100-mesh and 300-mesh ceramic particles, a binder and a suspending agent.
The flow-following semi-solid forming method applying the flow-following semi-solid forming device comprises the following steps:
s1 temperature adjustment: the temperature of the cylinder 1 and the alloy liquid 2 is adjusted so that the temperature of the cylinder 1 is TL～TS+20 ℃, transferring alloy liquid 2 into the charging barrel 1, wherein the alloy liquid 2 comprises: aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy or zinc alloy and the like, wherein the temperature of the alloy liquid 2 is TL+0～10℃；
S2 protection gas 6: introducing protective gas 6 such as nitrogen or argon which does not react with the alloy liquid 2 and is not dissolved into the die cavity 5, wherein the gas pressure is more than 0.1 MPa;
s3 preparation with flow: starting a pressurizing oil cylinder 4 of a forming device, pushing the alloy liquid 2 in the charging barrel 1 into a runner 7 through a pressure head 3, wherein the average flow velocity of the alloy liquid 2 in the runner 7 is 10-100mm/s, and in the process that the alloy liquid 2 flows through the runner 7, the alloy liquid 2 is contacted with the inner wall of the runner 7 or a nucleation coating 8 to form discrete micro crystals, and the micro crystals are peeled off under the action of shear stress of flowing alloy melt and mixed into the alloy melt, so that the alloy melt is gradually changed into a solid-liquid mixture containing 2-30% of fine crystal particles, namely a semi-solid alloy melt;
s4 solidification forming: the semi-solid alloy melt is pressed into a die cavity 5 arranged on the forming device, and the semi-solid alloy melt is continuously pressurized until the semi-solid alloy melt is completely solidified and formed.
On the basis of the above scheme, the forming device comprises: die casting machines, squeeze casting machines or die forging machines.
Example 1:
a flow-following semi-solid forming apparatus comprising: the device comprises a charging barrel 1, a pressure head 3, a flow channel 7 and a temperature control system 10;
the charging barrel 1 is a barrel-shaped cavity, one end of the charging barrel 1 is connected with the mould,
the pressure head 3 is a cylinder, the diameter of the pressure head 3 is 0.2-1.0 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the charging barrel 1, the length is 85mm, one end of the pressure head 3 is connected with a piston rod of the pressurizing oil cylinder 4 through a connecting rod, the other end of the pressure head 3 extends into the charging barrel 1 and can freely move in the charging barrel 1,
one end of the runner 7 is communicated with the charging barrel 1 and forms an included angle of 22 degrees with the axis of the charging barrel 1, the other end of the runner 7 is communicated with the die cavity 5,
the temperature control system 10 includes: the heating element 9 and the temperature regulating instrument thereof have the temperature control precision of +/-1 ℃, and the heating element 9 is adaptive to the shape of the flow passage 7 and is wound outside the flow passage 7 and the charging barrel 1.
On the basis of the scheme, the charging barrel 1 is made of a heat-insulating material, and the temperature of the charging barrel 1 is TL～TS+20 ℃ where T isLIs the alloy liquidus temperature, TSIs the alloy solidus temperature; the heat insulating material is foamed alumina, diatomite, bauxite, etc.
On the basis of the scheme, the flow channel 7 is made of die steel, ceramic or graphite and other materials, the surface roughness of the flow channel 7 is 6.3-25 mu m, the flow channel 7 is tubular, disc-shaped or conical, and the cross section thickness of the flow channel 7 is 40 mm; the temperature of the runner 7 is between the solidus and liquidus temperatures of the alloy.
On the basis of the scheme, the flow passage 7 is made of die steel, the surface of the flow passage is coated with nucleation paint 8, the nucleation paint 8 consists of ceramic particles with the particle size of 100-300 meshes, adhesive and suspending agent,
the flow-following semi-solid forming method applying the flow-following semi-solid forming device comprises the following steps:
s1 temperature adjustment: the temperature of the cylinder 1 and the alloy liquid 2 is adjusted so that the temperature of the cylinder 1 is TL～TSAnd +20 ℃, transferring alloy liquid 2 into the charging barrel 1, wherein the alloy liquid 2 is as follows: copper alloy, the temperature of the alloy liquid 2 is TL+0～10℃；
S2 protection gas 6: introducing protective gas 6 such as nitrogen or argon which does not react with the alloy liquid 2 and is not dissolved into the die cavity 5, wherein the gas pressure is more than 0.1 MPa;
s3 preparation with flow: starting a pressurizing oil cylinder 4 of the extrusion casting machine, pushing the alloy liquid 2 in the charging barrel 1 into a runner 7 through a pressure head 3, wherein the average flow velocity of the alloy liquid 2 in the runner 7 is 50mm/s, and in the process that the alloy liquid 2 flows through the runner 7, the alloy liquid 2 is contacted with the inner wall of the runner 7 or a nucleation coating 8 to form discrete tiny crystals, and the tiny crystals are peeled off under the action of the shear stress of the flowing alloy melt and mixed into the alloy melt, so that the alloy melt is gradually changed into a solid-liquid mixture containing about 20% of fine crystal particles, namely a semi-solid alloy melt;
s4 solidification forming: the semi-solid alloy melt is pressed into a die cavity 5 arranged on the forming device, and the semi-solid alloy melt is continuously pressurized until the semi-solid alloy melt is completely solidified and formed.
Example 2
A flow-following semi-solid forming apparatus comprising: the device comprises a charging barrel 1, a pressure head 3, a flow channel 7 and a temperature control system 10;
the charging barrel 1 is a barrel-shaped cavity, one end of the charging barrel 1 is connected with the mould,
the pressure head 3 is a cylinder, the diameter of the pressure head 3 is 0.2-1.0 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the charging barrel 1, the length is 85mm, one end of the pressure head 3 is connected with a piston rod of the pressurizing oil cylinder 4 through a connecting rod, the other end of the pressure head 3 extends into the charging barrel 1 and can freely move in the charging barrel 1,
one end of the runner 7 is communicated with the charging barrel 1 and forms an included angle of 22 degrees with the axis of the charging barrel 1, the other end of the runner 7 is communicated with the die cavity 5,
the temperature control system 10 includes: the heating element 9 and the temperature regulating instrument thereof have the temperature control precision of +/-1 ℃, and the heating element 9 is adaptive to the shape of the flow passage 7 and is wound outside the flow passage 7 and the charging barrel 1.
On the basis of the scheme, the charging barrel 1 is made of a heat-insulating material, and the temperature of the charging barrel 1 is TL～TS+20 ℃ where T isLIs the alloy liquidus temperature, TSIs the alloy solidus temperature; the heat insulating material is foamed alumina, diatomite, bauxite, etc.
On the basis of the scheme, the flow channel 7 is made of die steel, ceramic or graphite and other materials, the surface roughness of the flow channel 7 is 6.3-25 mu m, the flow channel 7 is tubular, disc-shaped or conical, and the cross section thickness of the flow channel 7 is 30 mm; the temperature of the runner 7 is between the solidus and liquidus temperatures of the alloy.
On the basis of the scheme, the flow passage 7 is made of die steel, the surface of the flow passage is coated with nucleation paint 8, the nucleation paint 8 consists of ceramic particles with the particle size of 100-300 meshes, adhesive and suspending agent,
the flow-following semi-solid forming method applying the flow-following semi-solid forming device comprises the following steps:
s1 temperature adjustment: the temperature of the cylinder 1 and the alloy liquid 2 is adjusted so that the temperature of the cylinder 1 is TL～TSAnd +20 ℃, transferring alloy liquid 2 into the charging barrel 1, wherein the alloy liquid 2 is as follows: copper alloy, the temperature of the alloy liquid 2 is TL+0～10℃；
S2 protection gas 6: introducing protective gas 6 such as nitrogen or argon which does not react with the alloy liquid 2 and is not dissolved into the die cavity 5, wherein the gas pressure is more than 0.1 MPa;
s3 preparation with flow: starting a pressurizing oil cylinder 4 of the die forging machine, pushing the alloy liquid 2 in the charging barrel 1 into a runner 7 through a pressure head 3, wherein the average flow velocity of the alloy liquid 2 in the runner 7 is 70mm/s, and in the process that the alloy liquid 2 flows through the runner 7, the alloy liquid 2 is contacted with the inner wall of the runner 7 or a nucleation coating 8 to form discrete micro crystals, and the micro crystals are peeled off under the action of shear stress of flowing alloy melt and mixed into the alloy melt, so that the alloy melt is gradually changed into a solid-liquid mixture containing about 15% of fine crystal particles, namely a semi-solid alloy melt;
s4 solidification forming: the semi-solid alloy melt is pressed into a die cavity 5 arranged on the forming device, and the semi-solid alloy melt is continuously pressurized until the semi-solid alloy melt is completely solidified and formed.
Example 3
A flow-following semi-solid forming apparatus comprising: the device comprises a charging barrel 1, a pressure head 3, a flow channel 7 and a temperature control system 10;
the charging barrel 1 is a barrel-shaped cavity, one end of the charging barrel 1 is connected with the mould,
the pressure head 3 is a cylinder, the diameter of the pressure head 3 is 0.2-1.0 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the charging barrel 1, the length is 85mm, one end of the pressure head 3 is connected with a piston rod of the pressurizing oil cylinder 4 through a connecting rod, the other end of the pressure head 3 extends into the charging barrel 1 and can freely move in the charging barrel 1,
one end of the runner 7 is communicated with the charging barrel 1 and forms an included angle of 22 degrees with the axis of the charging barrel 1, the other end of the runner 7 is communicated with the die cavity 5,
the temperature control system 10 includes: the heating element 9 and the temperature regulating instrument thereof have the temperature control precision of +/-1 ℃, and the heating element 9 is adaptive to the shape of the flow passage 7 and is wound outside the flow passage 7 and the charging barrel 1.
On the basis of the scheme, the charging barrel 1 is made of a heat-insulating material, and the temperature of the charging barrel 1 is TL～TS+20 ℃ where T isLIs the alloy liquidus temperature, TSIs the alloy solidus temperature; the heat insulating material is foamed alumina, diatomite, bauxite, etc.
On the basis of the scheme, the flow channel 7 is made of die steel, ceramic or graphite and other materials, the surface roughness of the flow channel 7 is 6.3-25 mu m, the flow channel 7 is tubular, disc-shaped or conical, and the cross section of the flow channel 7 is 26mm in thickness; the temperature of the runner 7 is between the solidus and liquidus temperatures of the alloy.
On the basis of the scheme, the flow passage 7 is made of die steel, the surface of the flow passage is coated with nucleation paint 8, the nucleation paint 8 consists of ceramic particles with the particle size of 100-300 meshes, adhesive and suspending agent,
the flow-following semi-solid forming method applying the flow-following semi-solid forming device comprises the following steps:
s1 temperature adjustment: the temperature of the cylinder 1 and the alloy liquid 2 is adjusted so that the temperature of the cylinder 1 is TL～TSAnd +20 ℃, transferring alloy liquid 2 into the charging barrel 1, wherein the alloy liquid 2 is as follows: the temperature of the alloy liquid 2 is TL+0～10℃；
S2 protection gas 6: introducing protective gas 6 such as nitrogen or argon which does not react with the alloy liquid 2 and is not dissolved into the die cavity 5, wherein the gas pressure is more than 0.1 MPa;
s3 preparation with flow: starting a pressurizing oil cylinder 4 of a die casting machine, pushing the alloy liquid 2 in the charging barrel 1 into a runner 7 through a pressure head 3, wherein the average flow velocity of the alloy liquid 2 in the runner 7 is 100mm/s, and in the process that the alloy liquid 2 flows through the runner 7, the alloy liquid 2 is contacted with the inner wall of the runner 7 or a nucleation coating 8 to form discrete tiny crystals, and the tiny crystals are peeled off under the action of the shear stress of the flowing alloy melt and mixed into the alloy melt, so that the alloy melt is gradually changed into a solid-liquid mixture containing about 23% of fine crystal particles, namely a semi-solid alloy melt;
s4 solidification forming: the semi-solid alloy melt is pressed into a die cavity 5 arranged on the forming device, and the semi-solid alloy melt is continuously pressurized until the semi-solid alloy melt is completely solidified and formed.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (6)
1. A flow-following semi-solid forming apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a charging barrel (1), a pressure head (3), a flow channel (7) and a temperature control system (10);
the charging barrel (1) is a barrel-shaped cavity, one end of the charging barrel (1) is connected with the mould,
the pressure head (3) is a cylinder, the diameter of the pressure head (3) is 0.2-1.0 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the charging barrel (1), the length of the pressure head is 50-120 mm, one end of the pressure head (3) is connected with a piston rod of the pressurizing oil cylinder (4) through a connecting rod, the other end of the pressure head (3) extends into the charging barrel (1) and can freely move in the charging barrel (1),
one end of the flow passage (7) is communicated with the charging barrel (1) and forms an included angle of 20-90 degrees with the axis of the charging barrel (1), the other end of the flow passage (7) is communicated with the die cavity (5),
the temperature control system (10) comprises: the heating element (9) and the temperature regulating instrument thereof have the temperature control precision of +/-1 ℃, and the heating element (9) is adaptive to the shape of the flow channel (7) and is wound outside the flow channel (7) and the charging barrel (1).
2. A flow-following semi-solid forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the barrel (1) is made of a heat insulating material, and the temperature of the barrel (1) is TL～TS+20 ℃ where T isLIs the alloy liquidus temperature, TSIs the alloy solidus temperature; the heat insulating material is foamed alumina, diatomite or bauxite.
3. The flow-following semi-solid forming device according to claim 1, wherein the flow channel (7) is made of die steel, ceramic or graphite materials, the surface roughness of the flow channel (7) is 6.3-25 μm, the flow channel (7) is tubular, disc-shaped or conical, and the cross-sectional thickness of the flow channel (7) is 10-100 mm; the temperature of the runner (7) is between the solidus and liquidus temperatures of the alloy.
4. A flow-following semi-solid forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the flow passage (7) is made of die steel, and the surface of the flow passage is coated with a nucleation coating (8), and the nucleation coating (8) is composed of ceramic particles with a particle size of 100-300 meshes, a binder and a suspending agent.
5. A flow-following semi-solid forming method using the flow-following semi-solid forming device of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1 temperature adjustment: the temperature of the charging barrel (1) and the temperature of the alloy liquid (2) are adjusted to ensure that the temperature of the charging barrel (1) is TL～TS+20 ℃, transferring the alloy liquid (2) into the charging barrel (1), wherein the alloy liquid (2) comprises: aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy or zinc alloy, wherein the temperature of the alloy liquid (2) is TL+0～10℃；
S2 protection gas (6): introducing a protective gas (6) which is not reacted with and dissolved in the alloy liquid (2) by nitrogen or argon into the die cavity (5), wherein the gas pressure is more than 0.1 MPa;
s3 preparation with flow: starting a pressurizing oil cylinder (4) of a forming device, pushing the alloy liquid (2) in the charging barrel (1) into a runner (7) through a pressure head (3), wherein the average flow velocity of the alloy liquid (2) in the runner (7) is 10-100mm/s, and in the process that the alloy liquid (2) flows through the runner (7), the alloy liquid (2) is contacted with the inner wall of the runner (7) or a nucleation coating (8) to form discrete micro crystals, and the micro crystals are peeled off under the action of shear stress of alloy melt flow and mixed into the alloy melt to gradually change the alloy melt into a solid-liquid mixture containing 2-30% of fine crystal particles, namely a semi-solid alloy melt;
s4 solidification forming: the semi-solid alloy melt is pressed into a die cavity (5) arranged on the forming device, and the semi-solid alloy melt is continuously pressurized until the semi-solid alloy melt is completely solidified and formed.
6. A flow-following semi-solid forming process according to claim 5, wherein the forming apparatus comprises: die casting machines, squeeze casting machines or die forging machines.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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