CN109201982A - A kind of forming device and manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating - Google Patents
A kind of forming device and manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN109201982A CN109201982A CN201710903384.1A CN201710903384A CN109201982A CN 109201982 A CN109201982 A CN 109201982A CN 201710903384 A CN201710903384 A CN 201710903384A CN 109201982 A CN109201982 A CN 109201982A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/02—Preliminary treatment of metal stock without particular shaping, e.g. salvaging segregated zones, forging or pressing in the rough
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of forming devices based on vacuum induction heating, technical points are: including device noumenon, device noumenon includes vacuum chamber, forging apparatus and induction coil are provided in vacuum chamber, cooling device is provided in forging apparatus, the bottom of forging apparatus is provided with prefabricated blank, a kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, in vacuum environment, it is combined together squeezing with forging, and it is coated with after being melted raw material metal using the method for cold wall crucible induction melting and according to track, thermomechanical processing is carried out to it at once after the molten drop solidification being coated in prefabricated blank, to pass through thermomechanical processing；Metal material of the present invention is extruded from squash type forging head, is had good processing streamline, is then carried out forging processing to it, linked together by smithwelding and prefabricated blank, metallurgical imperfection is not present in the non-cladding of Coating combination metal, but solid diffusivity, bond quality is good, at low cost, high-efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal parts forming technique field, more particularly to it is a kind of based on vacuum induction heating at shape dress
It sets and manufacturing process.
Background technique
Increases material manufacturing technology is broadly divided into two classes, and one kind is powder bed class increases material manufacturing technology, including electron beam, laser beam
Constituency cladding, powder bed process are generally used for forming labyrinth；Another kind of is deposition class increases material manufacturing technology, and main includes electricity
Arc (argon arc or plasma arc) fuse free forming, electron beam and laser beam fuse free forming, laser powder feeding Direct precipitation at
Shape, molten drop spray deposition technique etc. are several, and the method for being suitable for large-scale whole labyrinth at present mainly deposits class and increases
Material manufacturing technology, the common class method that deposits mainly includes that laser (coaxial powder-feeding, wire feed) deposition technique, electron beam (wire feed) are heavy
Product technology, arc deposited etc. are several.Laser, electron beam deposition technique cannot generally take into account the feature of high efficiency, low cost.Electric arc
Increases material manufacturing technology is to carry beam with electric arc, and electric arc can be argon arc welding, plasma welding, manufacture gold by the way of layer-by-layer built-up welding
Belong to entity component.
The raw material of deposition class increases material manufacturing technology generally require metal wire material, powder is raw material, the manufacture of raw material
Requirement at high cost, to performance is also high, some materials are difficult to produce the materials such as silk material, such as intermetallic compound, niobium-silicon alloy
The defects of material, using dusty material, control oxygen, nitrogen equal size difficulty are larger, there is also hollow powder, to the property of shaped structure part
It can be affected.The raw material form of molten drop spray deposition technique is not limited by powder, silk material, but existing molten metal
Drop spray deposition technique is generally only used for manufacture low-melting alloy, such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, for manufacturing titanium alloy and titanium
Aluminium alloy, aluminium lithium alloy, niobium-silicon alloy it is less, be not met by the demand of application.
Recently, U.S. Lao Lunsi livermore national laboratory and the Wu Site Institute of Technology have developed cooperatively a kind of completely new
Metal 3D printing technique-direct metal is write.Currently, most metals 3D printing technique, such as selective laser melting use
Be fine metal powder, which results in some limitations, such as 3D printing component, there are gaps or defect.Direct metal Writing method
The limitation of these metal 3D printing techniques based on powder can be helped to overcome.New method uses a kind of semi solid metal,
It can be called a kind of shear thinning material, rather than powder.This special metal material behaves like solid when static,
But it can then be flowed as liquid when being applied power.New method is related to a kind of ingot being heated to semi-solid state, then
It is squeezed out from nozzle.Extrusion force makes this shear thinning marking liquid be enough to be extruded, but when being allowed to stand for, it is showed
It is hardened as a solid and with cooling down for material.Studies have shown that the method reduce the oxidations being put into 3D printing component
Object and residual stress.This method can also be extended on other alloys.Currently, direct metal writing also deposit it is certain not
Sufficient, main material used in the prior art is a kind of bismuth tin mixture, and since this mixture fusing point is lower, effect is very
It is good, but aluminium alloy, titanium alloy etc materials are then difficult to realize.
In conclusion existing some increasing material manufacturing methods are closed for manufacturing aluminium alloy and aluminium lithium alloy, titanium alloy and titanium aluminium
The large scales of the materials such as gold, niobium-silicon alloy, complicated high performance structural member, increases material manufacturing technology in the prior art there are it is some not
Foot: 1) cost of raw material is higher, using powder, silk material higher cost, especially some high-performance powders, and silk material；2) part is former
Wire materials are difficult to prepare, such as high-temperature titanium alloy (Ti6242, Ti60 etc.), titanium-aluminium alloy, two aluminium niobium alloy of titanium etc.；3)
Obtaining part using deposition class increasing material manufacturing method is typically all rapid solidification structure, is easy to produce crackle, incomplete fusion, crackle etc.
Defect, compared with forging tissue, performance Shortcomings.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problems, such as the above technology, and one kind is provided thus and is added based on vacuum induction
The forming device and manufacturing process of heat.
A kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating, including device noumenon, device noumenon include vacuum chamber, vacuum chamber
It is inside provided with forging apparatus and induction coil, cooling device is provided in forging apparatus, the bottom of forging apparatus is provided with prefabricated
Base.
Further, forging apparatus includes squash type forging head, and the top of squash type forging head is provided with vibrator, vibrates
The lower part of device is connected with screw-driven device, and piston rod is provided between screw-driven device, and the bottom of piston rod is connected with crowded
Press piston；
Cooling device is cooling water pipe.
Further, split-type copper crucible is additionally provided on forging apparatus, split-type copper crucible is located at the interior of induction coil
Side.
Further, forging apparatus includes forging head, and the top for forging head is provided with vibrator, the inside setting of vibrator
There is company
Reception is using the melting of split-type copper crucible or using the bar transmission of the metal bar squeezed after the heating of split-type copper crucible
Device.
Further, device noumenon includes vacuum chamber, and forging apparatus and induction coil, forging apparatus are provided in vacuum chamber
It is inside provided with cooling device, the bottom of forging apparatus is provided with prefabricated blank.
Further, forging apparatus includes forging head, and the top for forging head is provided with vibrator, the inside setting of vibrator
There is bar driver of the connection to the metal bar of induction coil melting, cooling device is cooling water pipe.
Further, it is provided with split-type copper crucible in vacuum chamber, is provided with cooling in the sidewall of crucible of split-type copper crucible
Device is provided with the feed opening for metal bath to be added, the bottom setting of split-type copper crucible at the top of split-type copper crucible
There is crucible spray orifice, the outside of split-type copper crucible is provided with segmented induction coil, and the lower part of split-type copper crucible is provided with pre-
Base is provided with thermomechanical processing head in prefabricated blank；
Cooling device is crucible water-cooled jacket.
Further, segmented induction coil is while to apply to metal bath for carrying out induction heating to metal bath
The first segment induction coil for adding downward active force to flow out metal bath via crucible spray orifice；
For carrying out induction heating to metal bath, the second segment induction coil of melting is carried out to metal bath；
It is wrapped in around crucible spray orifice, makes its holding for carrying out being thermally formed metal bath to the metal for flowing through crucible spray orifice
The third section induction coil of flow-like body.
Annular forging head is provided with above prefabricated blank.
Metal scull, setting in the sidewall of crucible of crucible spray orifice are formed on the side wall contacted on crucible spray orifice with metal bath
There is spray orifice water-cooled jacket.
A kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, includes the following steps,
1) extrded material is added in forging apparatus；
2) vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa；
3) cooling water pipe is opened to cool down forging apparatus；
4) induction coil is opened, extrded material is heated, heating temperature to 0.75~1.1Tm；
5) screw-driven device is opened, piston rod is pushed to move downward, so that extrusion piston extrded material is from the bottom of forging apparatus
Portion squeezes out, being coated in prefabricated blank line by line, successively according to track；
6) vibrator is opened, so that squash type forging head is vibrated up and down with fixed amplitude, the bottom of forging apparatus is to being just coated with
Metal carry out forging processing, thus line by line, successively shape with forging tissue prefabricated blank；
7) prefabricated blank is subjected to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
Further, extrded material original-shape is rodlike or rectangular-shape, and it is rodlike or long that shape is obtained after squeezing
Cube shape.
Further, induction coil is opened, extrded material is heated by split-type copper crucible, heating temperature is extremely
0.75~1.1Tm；
Forging apparatus is that squash type forges any one of head or forging head.
A kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, includes the following steps,
1) metal bar is added in forging head；
2) vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa；
3) cooling water pipe is opened to cool down forging head；
4) induction coil is opened, the bottom of metal bar is carried out to be heated to molten state, is formed after metal drop drips and is coated with
Onto prefabricated blank；
5) bar driver is opened, metal bar is pushed to move downward；
6) open vibrator so that forging head is vibrated up and down with fixed amplitude, forge the bottom of head to the metal being just coated with into
Row forging processing, to line by line, successively shape the prefabricated blank with forging tissue；
7) prefabricated blank is subjected to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
Aforementioned induction coil is high-frequency induction heating coil.
A kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, includes the following steps,
1) metal bath is added into split-type copper crucible via feed opening；
2) vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa:
3) second segment induction coil is opened, melting is carried out to metal bath；
4) first segment induction coil and third section induction coil are opened, metal bath is flowed out via crucible spray orifice, passes through control
In the heating power and spray orifice water-cooled jacket of third section induction coil cooling water flow adjust metal scull thickness, realize to via
The flow control of crucible spray orifice outflow metal bath；
5) under the control of numerical control program, the crucible spray orifice of induction split-type copper crucible is walked according to the track of setting, together
When spray metal bath, layer by layer deposition processes the metal material being coated in prefabricated blank；
6) prefabricated blank by processing is subjected to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
Further, be processed as thermomechanical processing to the metal material being coated with, thermomechanical processing be rolling, forging,
Stirring, ultrasonic vibration or local severe plastic deformation any processing method it is any；
Be processed as annular forging head to the metal material being coated with and carries out forging processing.
Advantages of the present invention:
1, raw material are required low, can be leftover pieces, titanium sponge, bar, the various forms such as plate do not limit by alloy sources
System, temperature can reach 3000 DEG C, or even can melting ceramic material.Realize dual-property, the preparation of bi-material layers structural member, at low cost, effect
Rate is high；
2, can be by continuously spraying melt, continuously deposited metal material, improves forming efficiency；
3, metal material is extruded from squash type forging head, is had good processing streamline, is then carried out forging processing to it,
It is linked together by smithwelding and prefabricated blank, the non-cladding of Coating combination metal, but solid diffusivity, metallurgical imperfection, knot is not present
Close it is high-quality, structural state be forging tissue；
4, it in increasing material manufacturing path planning, is not influenced by forging head with extrusion cylinder mutual alignment, various forms of roads can be designed
Diameter is walked without one direction；
5, it can be achieved to part reparation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the device of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram of the device with split-type copper crucible of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the partial enlargement simplified schematic diagram of the device with split-type copper crucible；
Fig. 4 is the structure schematic diagram of the device of no split-type copper crucible of the invention；
Fig. 5 for the device of no split-type copper crucible partial enlargement simplified schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the structure schematic diagram of another device of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged view of crucible spray orifice；
Fig. 8 is the structure schematic diagram using annular forging head.
The label in accompanying drawing is:
1 vacuum chamber, 2 vibrators, 3 squash types forge head, 4 screw-driven devices, 5 piston rods, 6 cooling water pipes, 7 induction coils, 8
Prefabricated blank, 9 extrusion pistons, 10 split-type copper crucibles, 11 forging heads, 12 bar drivers, 13 first segment induction coils, 14 second
Section induction coil, 15 third section induction coils, 16 feed openings, 17 crucible water-cooled jackets, 18 crucible spray orifices, 19 thermomechanical processing heads,
20 spray orifice water-cooled jackets, 21 metal sculls, 22 annular forging heads.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the present invention be easier to be understood, below in conjunction with attached drawing and embodiment to technical solution of the present invention
It is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating, including device noumenon, device noumenon include vacuum chamber
1, forging apparatus and induction coil 7 are provided in vacuum chamber 1, and cooling device, the bottom of forging apparatus are provided in forging apparatus
It is provided with prefabricated blank 8.
Forging apparatus includes squash type forging head 3, and the top of squash type forging head 3 is provided with vibrator 2, vibrator 2
Lower part is connected with screw-driven device 4, and piston rod 5 is provided between screw-driven device 4, and the bottom of piston rod 5 is connected with crowded
Press piston 9；Cooling device is cooling water pipe 6.
A kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, includes the following steps,
1) extrded material is added in squash type forging head；
2) vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa；
3) cooling water pipe is opened to cool down squash type forging head；
4) induction coil is opened, extrded material is heated, heating temperature to 0.75~0.9Tm；
5) screw-driven device is opened, piston rod is pushed to move downward, so that extrusion piston extrded material forges head from squash type
Bottom squeeze out, being coated in prefabricated blank line by line, successively according to track；
6) vibrator is opened, so that squash type forging head is vibrated up and down with fixed amplitude, squash type forges the bottom of head to just
The metal being coated with carries out forging processing, to line by line, successively shape the prefabricated blank with forging tissue:
7) prefabricated blank is subjected to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
Squash type forging head is mounted in the rack of digital-control processing system.
Embodiment 2
As Figure 2-3, a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating, including device noumenon, device noumenon include vacuum
Room 1 is provided with forging apparatus and induction coil 7 in vacuum chamber 1, cooling device, the bottom of forging apparatus is provided in forging apparatus
Portion is provided with prefabricated blank 8, and split-type copper crucible 10 is additionally provided on forging apparatus, and split-type copper crucible 10 is located at induction coil 7
Inside.
Forging apparatus includes squash type forging head 3, and the top of squash type forging head 3 is provided with vibrator 2, vibrator 2
Lower part is connected with screw-driven device 4, and piston rod 5 is provided between screw-driven device 4, and the bottom of piston rod 5 is connected with crowded
Press piston 9；Cooling device is cooling water pipe 6.
Array extruding can also be used, each squash type forges head 3 and an induction coil 7 is arranged.
A kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, includes the following steps,
1) extrded material is added in squash type forging head；
2) vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa；
3) cooling water pipe is opened to cool down squash type forging head；
4) induction coil is opened, extrded material is heated by split-type copper crucible, heating temperature to 0.75~0.9Tm；
5) screw-driven device is opened, piston rod is pushed to move downward, so that extrusion piston extrded material forges head from squash type
Bottom squeeze out, being coated in prefabricated blank line by line, successively according to track；
6) vibrator is opened, so that squash type forging head is vibrated up and down with fixed amplitude, squash type forges the bottom of head to just
The metal being coated with carries out forging processing, to line by line, successively shape the prefabricated blank with forging tissue；
7) prefabricated blank is subjected to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
Squash type forging head may be mounted on mechanical hand.
Embodiment 3
As Figure 2-3, a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating, including device noumenon, device noumenon include vacuum
Room 1 is provided with forging apparatus and induction coil 7 in vacuum chamber 1, cooling device, the bottom of forging apparatus is provided in forging apparatus
Portion is provided with prefabricated blank 8, and split-type copper crucible 10 is additionally provided on forging apparatus, and split-type copper crucible 10 is located at induction coil 7
Inside.
Forging apparatus includes squash type forging head 3, and the top of squash type forging head 3 is provided with vibrator 2, vibrator 2
Lower part is connected with screw-driven device 4, and piston rod 5 is provided between screw-driven device 4, and the bottom of piston rod 5 is connected with crowded
Press piston 9；Cooling device is cooling water pipe 6.
Array extruding can also be used, each squash type forges head 3 and an induction coil 7 is arranged.
A kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, includes the following steps,
1) extrded material is added in squash type forging head；
2) vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa；
3) cooling water pipe is opened to cool down squash type forging head；
4) induction coil is opened, extrded material is heated by split-type copper crucible, heating temperature to 0.9~1.1Tm；
5) screw-driven device is opened, piston rod is pushed to move downward, so that extrusion piston extrded material forges head from squash type
Bottom squeeze out, being coated in prefabricated blank line by line, successively according to track；
6) vibrator is opened, so that squash type forging head is vibrated up and down with fixed amplitude, squash type forges the bottom of head to just
The metal being coated with carries out forging processing, to line by line, successively shape the prefabricated blank with forging tissue；
7) prefabricated blank is subjected to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
Squash type forging head may be mounted on mechanical hand.
Embodiment 4
As illustrated in figures 4-5, a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating, including device noumenon, device noumenon include vacuum
Room 1 is provided with forging apparatus and induction coil 7 in vacuum chamber 1, cooling device, the bottom of forging apparatus is provided in forging apparatus
Portion is provided with prefabricated blank 8.
Forging apparatus includes forging head 11, and the top of forging head 11 is provided with vibrator 2, and vibrator 2 is internally provided with
Even
The bar driver 12 of the metal bar of induction coil melting is received, cooling device is cooling water pipe 6.
A kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, includes the following steps,
8) metal bar is added in forging head；
9) vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa；
10) cooling water pipe is opened to cool down forging head；
11) induction coil is opened, the bottom of metal bar is carried out to be heated to molten state, is formed after metal drop drips and is coated with
Onto prefabricated blank；
12) bar driver is opened, metal bar is pushed to move downward；
13) open vibrator so that forging head is vibrated up and down with fixed amplitude, forge the bottom of head to the metal being just coated with into
Row forging processing, to line by line, successively shape the prefabricated blank with forging tissue；
14) prefabricated blank is subjected to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
Aforementioned induction coil is high-frequency induction heating coil.
Embodiment 5
As shown in fig. 6-7, a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating, including device noumenon, device noumenon include vacuum
Room 1 is provided with split-type copper crucible 10 in vacuum chamber 1, crucible water-cooled jacket 17 is provided in the sidewall of crucible of split-type copper crucible 10,
The top of split-type copper crucible 10 is provided with the feed opening 16 for metal bath to be added, the bottom setting of split-type copper crucible 10
There is crucible spray orifice 18, metal scull 21 is formed on the side wall contacted on crucible spray orifice 18 with metal bath, crucible spray orifice 18
Spray orifice water-cooled jacket 20 is provided in sidewall of crucible, the outside of split-type copper crucible 10 is provided with segmented induction coil, segmented sense
Answering coil is for carrying out induction heating to metal bath, while applying downward active force to metal bath passes through metal bath
The first segment induction coil 13 flowed out by crucible spray orifice 18 carries out metal bath for carrying out induction heating to metal bath
The second segment induction coil 14 of melting, is wrapped in around crucible spray orifice 18, for carrying out to the metal for flowing through crucible spray orifice 18
Being thermally formed metal bath makes it keep the third section induction coil 15 of flow-like body, and the lower part of split-type copper crucible 10 is provided with
Prefabricated blank 8 is provided with thermomechanical processing head 19 in prefabricated blank 8.
A kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, includes the following steps:
1) metal bath is added into split-type copper crucible via feed opening；
2) vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa:
3) second segment induction coil is opened, melting is carried out to metal bath；
4) first segment induction coil and third section induction coil are opened, metal bath is flowed out via crucible spray orifice, passes through control
In the heating power and spray orifice water-cooled jacket of third section induction coil cooling water flow adjust metal scull thickness, realize to via
The flow control of crucible spray orifice outflow metal bath；
5) split-type copper crucible and thermomechanical processing head can be placed on the sliding rail of a numerical control, under the control of numerical control program,
The crucible spray orifice of induction split-type copper crucible is walked according to the track of setting, while spraying metal bath, and layer by layer deposition exists
In prefabricated blank, thermomechanical processing is carried out to the metal material being coated with, the as-cast structure in the molten drop after being just coated with is smashed, carefully
Change crystal grain, thermomechanical processing is any one of rolling, forging, stirring, ultrasonic vibration, or local severe plastic deformation
Any processing method it is any；
6) processing that the prefabricated blank by processing is carried out to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
Embodiment 6
As shown in figure 8, a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating, including device noumenon, device noumenon include vacuum chamber
1, split-type copper crucible 10 is provided in vacuum chamber 1, and crucible water-cooled jacket 17 is provided in the sidewall of crucible of split-type copper crucible 10, point
The top of flap-type copper crucible 10 is provided with the feed opening 16 for metal bath to be added, and the bottom of split-type copper crucible 10 is provided with
Crucible spray orifice 18 is formed with metal scull 21, the earthenware of crucible spray orifice 18 on the side wall contacted on crucible spray orifice 18 with metal bath
Spray orifice water-cooled jacket 20 is provided in crucible wall, the outside of split-type copper crucible 10 is provided with segmented induction coil, segmented induction
Coil be for metal bath carry out induction heating, while to metal bath apply downward active force make metal bath via
The first segment induction coil 13 that crucible spray orifice 18 flows out melts metal bath for carrying out induction heating to metal bath
The second segment induction coil 14 of refining, is wrapped in around crucible spray orifice 18, for adding to the metal for flowing through crucible spray orifice 18
Thermosetting metal bath makes it keep the third section induction coil 15 of flow-like body, and the lower part of split-type copper crucible 10 is provided with pre-
Base 8 is provided with annular forging head 22 above prefabricated blank 8.
A kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, includes the following steps:
1) metal bath is added into split-type copper crucible via feed opening；
2) vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa:
3) second segment induction coil is opened, melting is carried out to metal bath；
4) first segment induction coil and third section induction coil are opened, metal bath is flowed out via crucible spray orifice, passes through control
In the heating power and spray orifice water-cooled jacket of third section induction coil cooling water flow adjust metal scull thickness, realize to via
Crucible spray orifice flows out the flow control of metal bath, when the induction heating power for reducing third section induction coil, improves spray orifice water
Cold jacket water flow increases the thickness of metal scull, when third section induction coil induction heating power is reduced to 0, gold
The thickness for belonging to scull can be completely plugged by the aperture in crucible spray orifice；
5) under the control of numerical control program, the crucible spray orifice of induction split-type copper crucible is walked according to the track of setting, together
When spray metal bath, layer by layer deposition in prefabricated blank, to the metal material being coated with by annular forge head carry out forging processing,
To make defect up, improve structural state；
6) processing that the prefabricated blank by processing is carried out to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
The present invention is suitable for manufacturing various aerospace titanium alloys and titanium-aluminium alloy, aluminium alloy and aluminium lithium alloy, high temperature
The severe service components of the materials such as alloy, high-strength steel
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its invents
Design is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating, including device noumenon, it is characterised in that: device noumenon includes vacuum
Room is provided with forging apparatus and induction coil in vacuum chamber, cooling device is provided in forging apparatus, the bottom of forging apparatus is set
It is equipped with prefabricated blank.
2. a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: forging apparatus includes
Squash type forges head, and the top of squash type forging head is provided with vibrator, and the lower part of vibrator is connected with screw-driven device, spiral shell
Piston rod is provided between rod-type driver, the bottom of piston rod is connected with extrusion piston；
Cooling device is cooling water pipe.
3. a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: forging
It makes and is additionally provided with split-type copper crucible on device, split-type copper crucible is located at the inside of induction coil.
4. a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: forging dress
It sets including forging head, the top for forging head is provided with vibrator, and vibrator is internally provided with connection split-type to be employed
Copper crucible melting or the bar driver for using the metal bar squeezed after the heating of split-type copper crucible.
5. a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating as described in claim 1, including device noumenon, it is characterised in that
Device noumenon includes vacuum chamber, and forging apparatus and induction coil are provided in vacuum chamber, is provided with cooling device in forging apparatus,
The bottom of forging apparatus is provided with prefabricated blank.
6. a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: forging apparatus includes
Head is forged, the top for forging head is provided with vibrator, and vibrator is internally provided with the metal bar connected to induction coil melting
The bar driver of material, cooling device are cooling water pipe.
7. a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: vacuum chamber
It is inside provided with split-type copper crucible, cooling device is provided in the sidewall of crucible of split-type copper crucible, split-type copper crucible
Top is provided with the feed opening for metal bath to be added, and the bottom of split-type copper crucible is provided with crucible spray orifice, split-type copper
The outside of crucible is provided with segmented induction coil, and the lower part of split-type copper crucible is provided with prefabricated blank, is provided in prefabricated blank
Thermomechanical processing head；
Cooling device is crucible water-cooled jacket.
8. a kind of forming device based on vacuum induction heating as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the segmented line of induction
Circle is, for carrying out induction heating to metal bath, while applying downward active force to metal bath makes metal bath via earthenware
The first segment induction coil of crucible spray orifice outflow；
For carrying out induction heating to metal bath, the second segment induction coil of melting is carried out to metal bath；
It is wrapped in around crucible spray orifice, makes its holding for carrying out being thermally formed metal bath to the metal for flowing through crucible spray orifice
The third section induction coil of flow-like body；
Annular forging head is provided with above prefabricated blank；
It is formed with metal scull on the side wall contacted on crucible spray orifice with metal bath, spray is provided in the sidewall of crucible of crucible spray orifice
Hole water-cooled jacket.
9. a kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
Extrded material is added in forging apparatus；
Vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa；
Cooling water pipe is opened to cool down forging apparatus；
Induction coil is opened, extrded material is heated, heating temperature to 0.75~1.1Tm；
Screw-driven device is opened, piston rod is pushed to move downward, so that extrusion piston extrded material is from the bottom of forging apparatus
Portion squeezes out, being coated in prefabricated blank line by line, successively according to track；
Vibrator is opened, so that squash type forging head is vibrated up and down with fixed amplitude, the bottom of forging apparatus is to being just coated with
Metal carry out forging processing, thus line by line, successively shape with forging tissue prefabricated blank；
Prefabricated blank is subjected to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
10. a kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: extrded material
Original-shape is rodlike or rectangular-shape, and it is rodlike or rectangular-shape that shape is obtained after squeezing.
11. a kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: open sense
Coil is answered, extrded material is heated by split-type copper crucible, heating temperature to 0.75 ~ 1.1Tm；
Forging apparatus is that squash type forges any one of head or forging head.
12. a kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
Metal bar is added in forging head；
Vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa；
Cooling water pipe is opened to cool down forging head；
Induction coil is opened, the bottom of metal bar is carried out to be heated to molten state, is formed after metal drop drips and is coated with
In prefabricated blank；
Bar driver is opened, metal bar is pushed to move downward；
Vibrator is opened, so that forging head is vibrated up and down with fixed amplitude, the bottom for forging head carries out the metal being just coated with
Forging processing, to line by line, successively shape the prefabricated blank with forging tissue；
Prefabricated blank is subjected to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part；
Aforementioned induction coil is high-frequency induction heating coil.
13. a kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
1) metal bath is added into split-type copper crucible via feed opening；
2) vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is evacuated to 1.0 × 10-3Pa:
3) second segment induction coil is opened, melting is carried out to metal bath；
4) first segment induction coil and third section induction coil are opened, metal bath is flowed out via crucible spray orifice, passes through control
In the heating power and spray orifice water-cooled jacket of third section induction coil cooling water flow adjust metal scull thickness, realize to via
The flow control of crucible spray orifice outflow metal bath；
5) under the control of numerical control program, the crucible spray orifice of induction split-type copper crucible is walked according to the track of setting, together
When spray metal bath, layer by layer deposition processes the metal material being coated in prefabricated blank；
6) prefabricated blank by processing is subjected to numerical control processing and surface treatment, processes final part.
14. a kind of manufacturing process based on vacuum induction heating as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that: to the gold being coated with
Belong to material to carry out being processed as thermomechanical processing, thermomechanical processing is rolling, forging, stirring, the violent plasticity of ultrasonic vibration or part
Deformation any processing method it is any；
Be processed as annular forging head to the metal material being coated with and carries out forging processing.
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