CN106735000B - A kind of semi-continuous casting device and method of three layers of cladding ingot casting - Google Patents
A kind of semi-continuous casting device and method of three layers of cladding ingot casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN106735000B CN106735000B CN201611001243.2A CN201611001243A CN106735000B CN 106735000 B CN106735000 B CN 106735000B CN 201611001243 A CN201611001243 A CN 201611001243A CN 106735000 B CN106735000 B CN 106735000B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/007—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of composite ingots, i.e. two or more molten metals of different compositions being used to integrally cast the ingots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/0403—Multiple moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/103—Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/141—Plants for continuous casting for vertical casting
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Abstract
A kind of semi-continuous casting device and method of three layers of cladding ingot casting, device includes interior crystallizer, intermediate crystalliser, outer crystallizer, interior shunting disk, intermediate distributary disk, external shunt disk, support plate and dummy ingot block, three internal surface of crystallizer are equipped with graphite annulus, the outer lower surface of interior crystallizer and intermediate crystalliser is equipped with heat shield, interior crystallizer lifting is fixed, and dummy ingot block upper surface has three layers of step.Method and step is：It controls dummy ingot block to rise, three layers of step is made to respectively enter in corresponding graphite annulus；Pour into a mould each layer melt respectively into three crystallizers, under the common cooling effect of crystallizer and dummy ingot block step, each layer melt starts to solidify and form solidified shell；When the solidified shell of each layer melt reaches setting thickness, control dummy ingot block moves down, and clad melt starts to be in contact and soak with internal layer solidified shell, and metallurgical binding is realized by elements diffusion；When ingot casting reaches predetermined size, stop melt cast successively from inside to outside, the stopping of dummy ingot block moves down, and casting terminates.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laminar composite preparing technical fields, more particularly to the D.C.casting of a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting
Device and method.
Background technology
With the continuous development of science and technology, in metallurgical construction, petrochemical industry, aerospace, communications and transportation, electronic information
Higher and higher to material performance requirement and in the fields such as defence and military, in most cases, the performance of homogenous material has been difficult to completely
Full border use demand, and together by the different Material cladding of performance, material can but be improved by being formed by composite material
Comprehensive performance is met the actual needs with this.
Laminar composite is by being coated on core material obtained by one or more layers alloy, with each laminated gold
Advantage, and the excellent properties of each laminated gold can be given full play to.
Currently, the preparation method of laminar composite includes following several：
1. solid-solid phase composite algorithm (such as welding fabrication method, direct rolling and forming method, extrusion cladding method)；
2. liquid and solid bonding me thod is (as directly poured into a mould composite algorithm, intrusion method, spray up moulding, semi-solid press bonding method
Deng)；
3. casting composite algorithm.
For solid-solid phase composite algorithm and liquid and solid bonding me thod, although it sends out in terms of the preparation of laminar composite
Certain positive effect is waved, but there is also apparent disadvantage, such as productivity and lumber recovery is relatively low, product quality stability
Difference, production procedure are long and complex process, compound interface are second-rate, clad ratio is limited and be difficult to accurately control or production cost compared with
It is high.
In comparison, casting composite algorithm is with the obvious advantage, not only with production procedure is short, production efficiency is high, compound interface
The advantages such as intensity is high and production cost is low, and it is easily achieved serialization, automation and mass production.
A kind of Chinese patent application of Publication No. CN1229703A, and in particular to multilayer materials one-step casting forming
Equipment and technology, is recorded by the way that oxidation protection cover is arranged, and water mold is respectively used to being frozen into for core material and clad
Shape can get the high quality of compound interface non-scale and greasy dirt impurity to realize that multilayer materials one-step casting shapes
Composite material.But actual conditions are really not so, since process of setting is from inside to outside, to be only suitable for preparing core material being high-melting-point
And the composite material that clad is low melting point；Further more, due to core material an entire crystallizer of cooling distance secondary cooling away from
It is too far away, it easily leads to the core material solidified and is wrapped by a layer melt remelting because cooling cannot be continued, to which mixed flow occur.Separately
Outside, although being equipped with oxidation protection cover in equipment, it is vulnerable to the influence of clad melt liquid level fluctuation and temperature fluctuation, reality is very
Hardly possible obtains the compound interface of non-scale and greasy dirt impurity.
A kind of Chinese patent application of Publication No. CN104959557A, and in particular to bimetallic cladding round billet continuous casting electromagnetic
Method and apparatus is recorded by applying pulse electromagnetic field to interior crystallizer, and external crystallizer applies middle frequency electromagnetic field, can prepare
The refinement of ectonexine metal solidification texture, outer layer metal surface quality height, compound interface steady and audible ground cladding round billet.But practical feelings
Condition is really not so, since inner layer metal liquid only leans between the direct cooling in bottom and outer layer solidified shell of interior crystallizer annular water chamber
Cooling is connect, cooling capacity is far from being enough, simultaneously because being applied with pulse electromagnetic field, melt is made to shake, this can lead
It causes interface unstable, is easy to happen interfacial failure, direct result is exactly compound failure.
A kind of Chinese patent application of Publication No. CN101549392A, and in particular to electromagnetic continuous-casting of complex ingot blank
Method and its device, clad melt pour water cooling using rain type sprue gate, clad melt liquid level need it is exposed
In air, air, field trash etc. will necessarily be involved in clad alloy by this；In addition, its equipment is excessively complicated, for equipment system
Make, personnel's operative skill, technological level and automation control requirement it is all very high, especially correct control and Proper Match technique
Parameter, so that two kinds of metal interfaces are well combined and interface stability is relatively difficult, metallic combination degree of freedom also can be by very
The limitation of big degree, is difficult to realize serialization, mass production, and is not particularly suited for the multilayer coating structure that the number of plies is more than two layers
The preparation of ingot casting.
Invention content
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of semi-continuous casting device and method of three layers of cladding ingot casting,
With simple for process, easy realization automation, alloy combination degree of freedom is high, production cost is low, production efficiency is high and compound interface
High-quality advantage.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：A kind of semi-continuous casting device of three layers of cladding ingot casting,
Including interior crystallizer, intermediate crystalliser, outer crystallizer, interior shunting disk, intermediate distributary disk, external shunt disk, support plate and dummy ingot block；
Dummy ingot block through hole is offered in the support plate, the outer crystallizer is fixedly mounted on the supporting plate, outer crystallizer and dummy ingot block
Through hole is arranged concentrically, and outer internal surface of crystallizer is provided with the first graphite annulus, in the outer crystallizer below the first graphite annulus
Surface is circumferentially evenly equipped with several secondary cooling hydrophthalmias；The external shunt disk is packed in outer crystallizer upper surface, external shunt disk with it is outer
Crystallizer is arranged concentrically；The intermediate crystalliser is packed in external shunt disk disk inner bottom surface, in intermediate crystalliser outer surface and following table
Face is provided with the first heat shield, and intermediate crystalliser inner surface is provided with the second graphite annulus；The intermediate distributary disk is packed in
Intermediate crystalliser upper surface, intermediate distributary disk are arranged concentrically with intermediate crystalliser；The interior crystallizer is lifted on dummy ingot block and passes through
Above hole, interior crystallizer is arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block through hole, and it is heat-insulated that interior crystallizer outer surface and lower surface are provided with second
Sheath is provided with third graphite annulus in interior internal surface of crystallizer；The interior shunting disk is packed in interior crystallizer upper surface, interior shunting
Disk is arranged concentrically with interior crystallizer；The dummy ingot block is mounted on casting machine, and dummy ingot block is arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block through hole；Institute
Stating dummy ingot block upper surface has three layers of step, is followed successively by outer layer step, middle layer step and internal layer step；Outer layer step side
Facade is corresponding with the first graphite annulus, and the middle layer step side elevation is corresponding with the second graphite annulus, internal layer step side
Facade is corresponding with third graphite annulus.
The interior crystallizer is lifted on by bracket institution above dummy ingot block through hole, and the bracket institution includes lower fixation
Disk, upper fixed disk, upright bar and supporting leg, lower fixed disk are fixedly connected with interior crystallizer upper surface, between lower fixed disk and upper fixed disk
It is fixedly connected with by upright bar, upper fixed disk is fixedly connected with by supporting leg and support plate.
The external shunt disk is equipped with external shunt disk sprue, external shunt disk secondary runner and external shunt disk final stage stream successively
Road, the external shunt disk secondary runner are semicircular arc, are connected with external shunt disk sprue in the middle part of external shunt disk secondary runner；Institute
It is V-arrangement, the semicircular arc on the V-arrangement pinnacle and external shunt disk secondary runner of external shunt disk final stage runner to state external shunt disk final stage runner
End is connected, and the V-arrangement both arms of external shunt disk final stage runner are communicated with external shunt disk inner surface；
The intermediate distributary disk is equipped with intermediate distributary disk sprue and intermediate distributary disk secondary runner, the centre point successively
Flow table secondary runner is circle, and the inner circle side of intermediate distributary disk secondary runner is directly communicated with intermediate distributary disk inner surface；Institute
The inner circle side-lower for stating intermediate distributary disk secondary runner is equipped with the first cylinder barrel shaped gear edge, and the first cylinder barrel shaped is kept off along to the second stone
Mo Huan carries out blocking cooperation；
The interior shunting disk is equipped with interior shunting disk sprue, interior shunting disk sprue end and interior shunting disk inner surface phase
It is logical；It is equipped with the second cylinder barrel shaped below the interior shunting disk inner surface and keeps off edge, the second cylinder barrel shaped is kept off along to third graphite annulus
It carries out blocking cooperation.
A kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting, uses the semi-continuous casting device of three layers of cladding ingot casting, including as follows
Step：
Step 1：Start casting machine, control dummy ingot block rises, and makes the outer layer step, middle layer step and internal layer of dummy ingot block
Step respectively enters in the first graphite annulus, the second graphite annulus and third graphite annulus；
Step 2：Core material melt is poured into a mould into interior crystallizer by interior shunting disk, is crystallized to centre by intermediate distributary disk
Middle layer melt is poured into a mould in device, by pouring into a mould outer layer melt in the outside crystallizer of external shunt disk；In interior crystallizer and dummy ingot block
Under the common cooling effect of layer step, core material melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell, among intermediate crystalliser and dummy ingot block
Under the common cooling effect of layer step, middle layer melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell, in outer crystallizer and dummy ingot block outer layer
Under the common cooling effect of step, outer layer melt starts to solidify and forms solidified shell；
Step 3：When the solidified shell of core material melt, middle layer melt and outer layer melt reaches setting thickness, dummy ingot is controlled
Block moves down, and middle layer melt starts to be in contact and soak with the solidified shell of core material melt, and metallurgical junction is realized by elements diffusion
It closes, outer layer melt starts to be in contact and soak with the solidified shell of middle layer melt, and metallurgical binding is realized by elements diffusion；When
When three layers of cladding ingot casting reach predetermined size, stop the cast of core material melt, middle layer melt and outer layer melt successively, when three layers
When cladding ingot casting is moved down into below the dummy ingot block through hole of support plate, the stopping of dummy ingot block moves down, and casting machine is shut down, and casting terminates.
The height of the outer layer step of the dummy ingot block, middle layer step and internal layer step respectively by outer crystallizer, intermediate tie
The position of brilliant device and interior crystallizer determines that crystallizer position is lower, and the step of corresponding dummy ingot block enters its graphite annulus
Distance is bigger.
In casting process, the liquid level of middle layer melt will be consistently higher than the lower edge of third graphite annulus, outer layer melt
Liquid level will be consistently higher than the lower edge of the second graphite annulus.
When the solidified shell of core material melt and the solidified shell of middle layer melt are detached from third graphite annulus and the second graphite annulus respectively
When, by the cover surface temperature of middle layer melt composition to control middle layer molten metal liquidus temperature 75%~
90%, by the cover surface temperature of outer layer melt composition to control outer layer molten metal liquidus temperature 75%~
90%.
Before casting, the length that edge and the second cylinder barrel shaped gear edge are kept off to the first cylinder barrel shaped is set, and is realized to core
Material melt and the contact length and middle layer melt and the contact length of the second graphite annulus of third graphite annulus are controlled, Jin Ershi
Now the thickness and temperature of the solidified shell to core material melt and the solidified shell of middle layer melt control.
Before casting, the height of interior crystallizer is set, core material melt is opened in realization with the contact of third graphite annulus
Time of beginning is controlled, so realize temperature when being detached from third graphite annulus to the shell thickness and solidified shell of core material melt into
Row control；The height of intermediate crystalliser is set, realizes the contact start time to middle layer melt and the second graphite annulus
It is controlled, and then realizes that temperature when being detached from the second graphite annulus to the shell thickness and solidified shell of middle layer melt is controlled
System.
Three layers cladding ingot castings D.C.casting technological parameters include：Pouring temperature be 710~760 DEG C, casting speed be 50~
300mm/min, the cooling water inflow of outer crystallizer 3 are 60~100L/minm, the cooling water inflow of intermediate crystalliser 2 is 40~
The cooling water inflow of 80L/minm, interior crystallizer 1 are 20~60L/minm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Compared with prior art, the present invention with simple for process, easy realization automation, alloy combination degree of freedom is high, produces
Advantage at low cost, production efficiency is high and compound interface is high-quality.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of semi-continuous casting device (before melt cast) structural schematic diagram of three layers of cladding ingot casting of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the bracket institution structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the external shunt disk vertical view of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is A-A sectional views in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the intermediate distributary disk vertical view of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is B-B sectional views in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is the interior shunting disk vertical view of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is C-C sectional views in Fig. 8；
Figure 10 is the fixation clamping schematic diagram of intermediate distributary disk and external shunt disk；
Figure 11 is a kind of semi-continuous casting device (when casting) structural schematic diagram of three layers of cladding ingot casting of the present invention；
In figure, 1- interior crystallizers, 2- intermediate crystallisers, the outer crystallizers of 3-, shunting disk in 4-, 5- intermediate distributary disks, outside 6-
Shunting disk, 7- support plates, 8- dummy ingot blocks, 9- dummy ingot block through holes, the first graphite annulus of 10-, the first heat shields of 11-, 12- second
Graphite annulus, the second heat shields of 13-, 14- third graphite annulus, 15- outer layer steps, 16- middle layer steps, 17- internal layer steps,
18- secondary cooling hydrophthalmias, 19- lower fixed disks fix disk, 21- upright bars, 22- supporting legs, 23- external shunt disk sprues, 24- on 20-
External shunt disk secondary runner, 25- external shunt disk final stage runners, 26- intermediate distributary disk sprues, 27- intermediate distributary disk secondary flows
Road, the first cylinder barrel shapeds of 28- keep off edge, shunting disk sprue in 29-, and the second cylinder barrel shapeds of 30- keep off edge, 31- screw rods, 32- pressing plates,
33- fastening nuts, 34- core material melts, 35- middle layer melts, 36- outer layer melts, tri- layers of cladding ingot castings of 37-.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Fig. 1~11, it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting semi-continuous casting device, including interior crystallizer 1, intermediate crystalliser 2,
Outer crystallizer 3, interior shunting disk 4, intermediate distributary disk 5, external shunt disk 6, support plate 7 and dummy ingot block 8；It is opened in the support plate 7
Equipped with dummy ingot block through hole 9, the outer crystallizer 3 is packed in support plate 7, outer crystallizer 3 with dummy ingot block through hole 9 is concentric sets
It sets, 3 inner surface of outer crystallizer is provided with the first graphite annulus 10, the outer crystallizer 3 inner surface week below the first graphite annulus 10
To being evenly equipped with several secondary cooling hydrophthalmias 18；The external shunt disk 6 is packed in 3 upper surface of outer crystallizer, external shunt disk 6 and outer knot
Brilliant device 3 is arranged concentrically；The intermediate crystalliser 2 is packed in 6 disk inner bottom surface of external shunt disk, 2 outer surface of intermediate crystalliser and under
Surface is provided with the first heat shield 11, and 2 inner surface of intermediate crystalliser is provided with the second graphite annulus 12；The intermediate distributary disk
5 are packed in 2 upper surface of intermediate crystalliser, and intermediate distributary disk 5 is arranged concentrically with intermediate crystalliser 2；The interior crystallizer 1 is lifted on
9 top of dummy ingot block through hole, interior crystallizer 1 is arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block through hole 9, in 1 outer surface of interior crystallizer and lower surface
It is provided with the second heat shield 13,1 inner surface of interior crystallizer is provided with third graphite annulus 14；The interior shunting disk 4 is packed in
1 upper surface of interior crystallizer, interior shunting disk 4 are arranged concentrically with interior crystallizer 1；The dummy ingot block 8 is mounted on casting machine, dummy ingot block
8 are arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block through hole 9；8 upper surface of dummy ingot block has three layers of step, is followed successively by outer layer step 15, centre
Layer step 16 and internal layer step 17；15 side elevation of outer layer step is corresponding with the first graphite annulus 10, the middle layer step
16 side elevations are corresponding with the second graphite annulus 12, and 17 side elevation of internal layer step is corresponding with third graphite annulus 14.
The interior crystallizer 1 is lifted on 9 top of dummy ingot block through hole by bracket institution, and the bracket institution includes lower solid
Price fixing 19, upper fixed disk 20, upright bar 21 and supporting leg 22, lower fixed disk 19 are fixedly connected with 1 upper surface of interior crystallizer, lower fixed disk 19
It is fixedly connected with by upright bar 21 between upper fixed disk 20, upper fixed disk 20 is fixedly connected with by supporting leg 22 and support plate 7.
The external shunt disk 6 is equipped with external shunt disk sprue 23, external shunt disk secondary runner 24 and external shunt disk end successively
Grade runner 25, the external shunt disk secondary runner 24 are semicircular arc, 24 middle part of external shunt disk secondary runner and external shunt disk master
Runner 23 is connected；The external shunt disk final stage runner 25 is V-arrangement, V-arrangement pinnacle and the external shunt disk of external shunt disk final stage runner 25
The semicircular arc end of secondary runner 24 is connected, V-arrangement both arms and the 6 inner surface phase of external shunt disk of external shunt disk final stage runner 25
It is logical；
The intermediate distributary disk 5 is equipped with intermediate distributary disk sprue 26 and intermediate distributary disk secondary runner 27 successively, described
Intermediate distributary disk secondary runner 27 is circle, the inner circle side of intermediate distributary disk secondary runner 27 directly with table in intermediate distributary disk 5
Face communicates；The first cylinder barrel shaped is equipped in the inner circle side-lower of the intermediate distributary disk secondary runner 27 to keep off along 28, first cylinders
Tubular gear carries out blocking cooperation along 28 pair of second graphite annulus 12；
The interior shunting disk 4 is equipped with interior shunting disk sprue 29, interior 29 end of shunting disk sprue and table in interior shunting disk 4
Face communicates；The second cylinder barrel shaped gear is equipped with below 4 inner surface of interior shunting disk along 30, second cylinder barrel shapeds gear along 30 pairs the
Three graphite annulus 14 carry out blocking cooperation.
The intermediate distributary disk 5 and external shunt disk 6 are fixed by screw rod press plate mechanism, the screw rod press plate mechanism
Including screw rod 31, pressing plate 32 and fastening nut 33, screw rod 31 is packed in vertically in support plate 7, and 32 one end of pressing plate is overlapped on centre
On shunting disk 5 or external shunt disk 6, pressing plate 32 is sleeved on by through-hole on screw rod 31, passes through fastening between pressing plate 32 and screw rod 31
Nut 33 is locked.
A kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting, uses the semi-continuous casting device of three layers of cladding ingot casting, including as follows
Step：
Step 1：Start casting machine, control dummy ingot block 8 rises, and makes outer layer step 15, the middle layer step 16 of dummy ingot block 8
And internal layer step 17 respectively enters in the first graphite annulus 10, the second graphite annulus 12 and third graphite annulus 14；
Step 2：Core material melt 34 is poured into a mould into interior crystallizer 1 by interior shunting disk 4, by intermediate distributary disk 5 to centre
Cast middle layer melt 35 in crystallizer 2 passes through cast outer layer melt 36 in 6 outside crystallizer 3 of external shunt disk；In interior crystallizer
1 and 8 internal layer step 17 of dummy ingot block common cooling effect under, core material melt 34 starts to solidify and formed solidified shell, centre tie
Under the common cooling effect of 8 middle layer step 16 of brilliant device 2 and dummy ingot block, middle layer melt 35 starts to solidify and formed solidified shell,
Under the common cooling effect of 8 outer layer step 15 of outer crystallizer 3 and dummy ingot block, outer layer melt 36 starts to solidify and formed solidification
Shell；
Step 3：When the solidified shell of core material melt 34, middle layer melt 35 and outer layer melt 36 reaches setting thickness, control
Dummy ingot block 8 processed moves down, and middle layer melt 35 starts to be in contact and soak with the solidified shell of core material melt 34, passes through elements diffusion
It realizes that metallurgical binding, outer layer melt 36 start to be in contact and soak with the solidified shell of middle layer melt 35, passes through elements diffusion
Realize metallurgical binding；When three layers, which coat ingot castings 37, reaches predetermined length, stop successively core material melt 34, middle layer melt 35 and
The cast of outer layer melt 36, when three layers, which coat ingot casting 37, moves down into dummy ingot block 9 lower section of through hole of support plate 7, dummy ingot block 8 stops
It only moves down, casting machine is shut down, and casting terminates.
The height of the outer layer step 15 of the dummy ingot block 8, middle layer step 16 and internal layer step 17 is respectively by outer crystallizer
3, the position of intermediate crystalliser 2 and interior crystallizer 1 determines that crystallizer position is lower, and the step of corresponding dummy ingot block 8 enters
The distance of its graphite annulus is bigger.Thus, can to avoid in casting process a certain layer melt there is bleedout phenomenon.
In casting process, the liquid level of middle layer melt 35 will be consistently higher than the lower edge of third graphite annulus 14, and outer layer is molten
The liquid level of body 36 will be consistently higher than the lower edge of the second graphite annulus 12.Thus, pass through middle layer melt 35 and outer layer melt
36 can smoothly be isolated compound interface and air, effectively prevent solidified shell and are aoxidized in casting process, simultaneously
Avoid being involved in for air, it is ensured that compound interface pore-free, without field trash and oxide-free, and then ensure that compound interface
Quality.
When the solidified shell of core material melt 34 and the solidified shell of middle layer melt 35 are detached from third graphite annulus 14 and second respectively
When graphite annulus 12, the cover surface temperature formed by middle layer melt 35 will be controlled in middle layer molten metal liquidus temperature
75%~90%, the cover surface temperature formed by outer layer melt 36 will be controlled in outer layer molten metal liquidus temperature
75%~90%.
Before casting, to the first cylinder barrel shaped keep off along 28 and second cylinder barrel shaped gear set along 30 length, realize
Contact length and the contact length of middle layer melt 35 and the second graphite annulus 12 to core material melt 34 and third graphite annulus 14 into
Row control, and then realize and the thickness and temperature of the solidified shell of the solidified shell and middle layer melt 35 of core material melt 34 are controlled
System.Thus, even if melt is different and casting speed is different, ideal shell thickness and temperature can get.
Before casting, the height of interior crystallizer 1 is set, realizes connecing to core material melt 34 and third graphite annulus 14
The tactile time started is controlled, and then temperature when shell thickness to core material melt 34 and solidified shell are detached from third graphite annulus 14
Degree is controlled；The height of intermediate crystalliser 2 is set, realizes the contact to middle layer melt 35 and the second graphite annulus 12
Time started is controlled, and then temperature when shell thickness to middle layer melt 35 and solidified shell are detached from the second graphite annulus 12
Degree is controlled.Thus, even if be suitable for if when each layer melt is replaced due to fusing point is different and coagulating property is different
The variation of the casting characteristics of generation.
Three layers cladding ingot castings D.C.casting technological parameters include：Pouring temperature be 710~760 DEG C, casting speed be 50~
300mm/min, the cooling water inflow of outer crystallizer 3 are 60~100L/minm, the cooling water inflow of intermediate crystalliser 2 is 40~
The cooling water inflow of 80L/minm, interior crystallizer 1 are 20~60L/minm.
Embodiment one
In the present embodiment, the material of core material melt 34 is that (liquidus temperature is 658 DEG C to 3003 aluminium alloys, solidus temperature
It is 646 DEG C), the material of middle layer melt 35 is 6069 aluminium alloys (liquidus temperature is 647 DEG C, and solidus temperature is 511 DEG C),
The material of outer layer melt 36 is 4045 aluminium alloys (liquidus temperature is 595 DEG C, and solidus temperature is 577 DEG C), three layers of cladding casting
Each layer design size of ingot is φ 164mm/ φ 152mm/ φ 80mm.
Before casting, core material melt 34, middle layer melt 35 and outer layer melt 36 respectively in three independent resistance furnaces into
Row fusing is kept the temperature spare after refining degasification.
When casting, at 750 DEG C, the pouring temperature control of middle layer melt 35 exists for the pouring temperature control of outer layer melt 36
740 DEG C, the pouring temperature of outer layer melt 36 is controlled at 710 DEG C；The cooling water inflow of outer crystallizer 3 is 80L/minm, centre knot
The cooling water inflow of brilliant device 2 is 60L/minm, and the cooling water inflow of interior crystallizer 1 is 30L/minm；Casting speed is 150mm/
min。
When casting, core material melt 34 is poured into a mould first, and parked 20 seconds in interior crystallizer 1, makes the shape first of core material melt 34
At certain thickness solidified shell；Then the cast of middle layer melt 35 is carried out, middle layer melt 35 need to stop in intermediate crystalliser 2
It sets 15 seconds, finally outer layer melt 36 is poured into outer crystallizer 3, after three layers of aluminum alloy melt are all on board, control dummy ingot this moment
Block 8 moves down, and when three layers, which coat ingot castings 37, reaches predetermined length, stops core material melt 34, middle layer melt 35 and outer successively
The cast of layer melt 36, when three layers, which coat ingot casting 37, moves down into dummy ingot block 9 lower section of through hole of support plate 7, dummy ingot block 8 stops
It moves down, casting machine is shut down, and casting terminates.
For stopping the cast of core material melt 34, middle layer melt 35 and outer layer melt 36 successively, then it can ensure three layers
The integrality of ingot casting 37 is coated, and then improves the lumber recovery of ingot casting.
Embodiment two
In the present embodiment, the material of core material melt 34 is that (liquidus temperature is 645 DEG C to 7004 aluminium alloys, solidus temperature
It is 482 DEG C), the material of middle layer melt 35 is 3003 aluminium alloys (liquidus temperature is 658 DEG C, and solidus temperature is 646 DEG C),
The material of outer layer melt 36 is 4045 aluminium alloys (liquidus temperature is 595 DEG C, and solidus temperature is 577 DEG C), three layers of cladding casting
Each layer design size of ingot is φ 164mm/ φ 152mm/ φ 100mm.
Before casting, core material melt 34, middle layer melt 35 and outer layer melt 36 respectively in three independent resistance furnaces into
Row fusing is kept the temperature spare after refining degasification.
When casting, at 750 DEG C, the pouring temperature control of middle layer melt 35 exists for the pouring temperature control of outer layer melt 36
730 DEG C, the pouring temperature of outer layer melt 36 is controlled at 720 DEG C；The cooling water inflow of outer crystallizer 3 is 80L/minm, centre knot
The cooling water inflow of brilliant device 2 is 60L/minm, and the cooling water inflow of interior crystallizer 1 is 40L/minm；Casting speed is 150mm/
min。
When casting, core material melt 34 is poured into a mould first, and parked 20 seconds in interior crystallizer 1, makes the shape first of core material melt 34
At certain thickness solidified shell；Then the cast of middle layer melt 35 is carried out, middle layer melt 35 need to stop in intermediate crystalliser 2
It sets 15 seconds, finally outer layer melt 36 is poured into outer crystallizer 3, after three layers of aluminum alloy melt are all on board, control dummy ingot this moment
Block 8 moves down, and when three layers, which coat ingot castings 37, reaches predetermined length, stops core material melt 34, middle layer melt 35 and outer successively
The cast of layer melt 36, when three layers, which coat ingot casting 37, moves down into dummy ingot block 9 lower section of through hole of support plate 7, dummy ingot block 8 stops
It moves down, casting machine is shut down, and casting terminates.
For stopping the cast of core material melt 34, middle layer melt 35 and outer layer melt 36 successively, then it can ensure three layers
The integrality of ingot casting 37 is coated, and then improves the lumber recovery of ingot casting.
Scheme in embodiment be not to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention, it is all without departing from carried out by the present invention etc.
Effect implements or change, is both contained in the scope of the claims of this case.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of semi-continuous casting device of three layers of cladding ingot casting, it is characterised in that：Including interior crystallizer, intermediate crystalliser, outer crystallization
Device, interior shunting disk, intermediate distributary disk, external shunt disk, support plate and dummy ingot block；Dummy ingot block is offered in the support plate to pass through
Hole, the outer crystallizer are fixedly mounted on the supporting plate, and outer crystallizer is arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block through hole, in outer internal surface of crystallizer
It is provided with the first graphite annulus, the outer internal surface of crystallizer below the first graphite annulus is circumferentially evenly equipped with several secondary cooling hydrophthalmias；
The external shunt disk is packed in outer crystallizer upper surface, and external shunt disk is arranged concentrically with outer crystallizer；The intermediate crystalliser is solid
Mounted in external shunt disk disk inner bottom surface, intermediate crystalliser outer surface and lower surface are provided with the first heat shield, crystallized in centre
Device inner surface is provided with the second graphite annulus；The intermediate distributary disk is packed in intermediate crystalliser upper surface, and intermediate distributary disk is in
Between crystallizer be arranged concentrically；The interior crystallizer is lifted on above dummy ingot block through hole, and interior crystallizer and dummy ingot block through hole are same
The heart is arranged, and interior crystallizer outer surface and lower surface are provided with the second heat shield, interior internal surface of crystallizer is provided with third
Graphite annulus；The interior shunting disk is packed in interior crystallizer upper surface, and interior shunting disk is arranged concentrically with interior crystallizer；The dummy ingot block
On casting machine, dummy ingot block is arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block through hole；Dummy ingot block upper surface has three layers of step, successively
For outer layer step, middle layer step and internal layer step；The outer layer step side elevation is corresponding with the first graphite annulus, the centre
Layer step side elevation is corresponding with the second graphite annulus, and the internal layer step side elevation is corresponding with third graphite annulus.
2. a kind of semi-continuous casting device of three layers of cladding ingot casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The interior crystallizer
It is lifted on above dummy ingot block through hole by bracket institution, the bracket institution includes lower fixed disk, upper fixed disk, upright bar and branch
Leg, lower fixed disk are fixedly connected with interior crystallizer upper surface, are fixedly connected with by upright bar between lower fixed disk and upper fixed disk, upper fixation
Disk is fixedly connected with by supporting leg and support plate.
3. a kind of semi-continuous casting device of three layers of cladding ingot casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The external shunt disk
It is equipped with external shunt disk sprue, external shunt disk secondary runner and external shunt disk final stage runner, the external shunt disk secondary flow successively
Road is semicircular arc, is connected with external shunt disk sprue in the middle part of external shunt disk secondary runner；The external shunt disk final stage runner is V
The V-arrangement pinnacle of shape, external shunt disk final stage runner is connected with the semicircular arc end of external shunt disk secondary runner, external shunt disk final stage
The V-arrangement both arms of runner are communicated with external shunt disk inner surface；
The intermediate distributary disk is equipped with intermediate distributary disk sprue and intermediate distributary disk secondary runner, the intermediate distributary disk successively
Secondary runner is circle, and the first cylinder barrel shaped is equipped with below intermediate distributary disk secondary runner and keeps off edge, during intermediate distributary disk passes through
Between shunting disk secondary runner and the first cylinder barrel shaped keep off along being connected, the first cylinder barrel shaped keeps off and block matching along to the second graphite annulus
It closes；
The interior shunting disk is equipped with interior shunting disk sprue, and interior shunting disk sprue end is communicated with interior shunting disk inner surface；
It is equipped with the second cylinder barrel shaped below the interior shunting disk inner surface and keeps off edge, the second cylinder barrel shaped gear hides along to third graphite annulus
Gear cooperation.
4. a kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting, uses the D.C.casting of three layers of cladding ingot casting described in claim 1
Device, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Start casting machine, control dummy ingot block rises, and makes the outer layer step, middle layer step and internal layer step of dummy ingot block
It respectively enters in the first graphite annulus, the second graphite annulus and third graphite annulus；
Step 2：Core material melt is poured into a mould into interior crystallizer by interior shunting disk, by intermediate distributary disk into intermediate crystalliser
Middle layer melt is poured into a mould, by pouring into a mould outer layer melt in the outside crystallizer of external shunt disk；In interior crystallizer and dummy ingot block internal layer platform
Under the common cooling effect of rank, core material melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell, in intermediate crystalliser and dummy ingot block middle layer platform
Under the common cooling effect of rank, middle layer melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell, in outer crystallizer and dummy ingot block outer layer step
Common cooling effect under, outer layer melt starts to solidify and forms solidified shell；
Step 3：When the solidified shell of core material melt, middle layer melt and outer layer melt reaches setting thickness, control under dummy ingot block
It moves, middle layer melt starts to be in contact and soak with the solidified shell of core material melt, realizes metallurgical binding by elements diffusion, outside
Layer melt starts to be in contact and soak with the solidified shell of middle layer melt, and metallurgical binding is realized by elements diffusion；When three layers
When cladding ingot casting reaches predetermined size, stop the cast of core material melt, middle layer melt and outer layer melt successively, when three layers of cladding
When ingot casting is moved down into below the dummy ingot block through hole of support plate, the stopping of dummy ingot block moves down, and casting machine is shut down, and casting terminates.
5. a kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The dummy ingot block
The height of outer layer step determines by the position of outer crystallizer, the height of the middle layer step of dummy ingot block by intermediate crystalliser position
It determines, the height of the internal layer step of dummy ingot block is determined that crystallizer position is lower by the position of interior crystallizer, corresponding dummy ingot
The distance that the step of block enters its graphite annulus is bigger.
6. a kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In casting process
In, the liquid level of middle layer melt will be consistently higher than the lower edge of third graphite annulus, and the liquid level of outer layer melt will be consistently higher than second
The lower edge of graphite annulus.
7. a kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：When core material melt
When solidified shell is detached from third graphite annulus, when the solidified shell of middle layer melt is detached from the second graphite annulus, by middle layer melt composition
Cover surface temperature to control the 75%~90% of middle layer molten metal liquidus temperature, by outer layer melt composition
Cover surface temperature will be controlled the 75%~90% of outer layer molten metal liquidus temperature.
8. a kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Before casting, right
The length on the first cylinder barrel shaped gear edge and the second cylinder barrel shaped gear edge is set, and is realized to core material melt and third graphite annulus
Contact length and middle layer melt and the contact length of the second graphite annulus are controlled, and then realize the solidified shell to core material melt
And the thickness and temperature of the solidified shell of middle layer melt are controlled.
9. a kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Before casting, right
The height of interior crystallizer is set, and realization controls core material melt and the contact start time of third graphite annulus, in turn
Realize that temperature when being detached from third graphite annulus to the shell thickness and solidified shell of core material melt controls；To intermediate crystalliser
Height set, realization middle layer melt and the contact start time of the second graphite annulus are controlled, and then realization pair
The temperature when shell thickness and solidified shell of middle layer melt are detached from the second graphite annulus is controlled.
10. a kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Three layers of cladding casting
The D.C.casting technological parameter of ingot includes：Pouring temperature is 710~760 DEG C, and casting speed is 50~300mm/min, outer crystallizer 3
Cooling water inflow be 60~100L/minm, the cooling water inflow of intermediate crystalliser 2 is 40~80L/minm, interior crystallizer 1
Cooling water inflow is 20~60L/minm.
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