CN106735000A - The semi-continuous casting device and method of a kind of three layers of cladding ingot casting - Google Patents
The semi-continuous casting device and method of a kind of three layers of cladding ingot casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN106735000A CN106735000A CN201611001243.2A CN201611001243A CN106735000A CN 106735000 A CN106735000 A CN 106735000A CN 201611001243 A CN201611001243 A CN 201611001243A CN 106735000 A CN106735000 A CN 106735000A
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- graphite annulus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/007—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of composite ingots, i.e. two or more molten metals of different compositions being used to integrally cast the ingots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/0403—Multiple moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/103—Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/141—Plants for continuous casting for vertical casting
Abstract
The semi-continuous casting device and method of a kind of three layers of cladding ingot casting, device includes interior crystallizer, intermediate crystalliser, outer crystallizer, interior shunting disk, intermediate distributary disk, external shunt disk, supporting plate and dummy ingot block, three internal surface of crystallizer are equipped with graphite annulus, the outer lower surface of interior crystallizer and intermediate crystalliser is equipped with heat shield, interior crystallizer lifting is fixed, and dummy ingot block upper surface has three layers of step.Method and step is：Control dummy ingot block rises, and three layers of step is respectively enterd in corresponding graphite annulus；To each layer melt is poured into a mould respectively in three crystallizers, under the common cooling effect of crystallizer and dummy ingot block step, each layer melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell；When the solidified shell of each layer melt reaches setting thickness, control dummy ingot block is moved down, and clad melt starts to come in contact and soak with internal layer solidified shell, and metallurgical binding is realized by elements diffusion；When ingot casting reaches preliminary dimension, stop melt cast successively from inside to outside, dummy ingot block stops moving down, and casting terminates.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laminar composite preparing technical field, more particularly to a kind of D.C.casting of three layers of cladding ingot casting
Device and method.
Background technology
With continuing to develop for science and technology, in metallurgical construction, petrochemical industry, Aero-Space, communications and transportation, electronic information
And in the field such as defence and military, to material performance requirement more and more higher, in most cases, the performance of homogenous material has been difficult to full
Full border use demand, and, the composite for being formed can but improve material by the different Material cladding of performance together
Combination property, actually used demand is met with this.
Laminar composite is coated obtained by one or more layers alloy by core, and it is with each laminated gold
Advantage, and the excellent properties of each laminated gold can be given full play to.
At present, the preparation method of laminar composite includes following several：
1. solid-solid phase composite algorithm (such as welding fabrication method, direct rolling and forming method, extrusion cladding method)；
2. liquid and solid bonding me thod is (as directly poured into a mould composite algorithm, invading method, spray up moulding, semi-solid press bonding method
Deng)；
3. composite algorithm is cast.
For solid-solid phase composite algorithm and liquid and solid bonding me thod, although it sends out in terms of the preparation of laminar composite
Certain positive role is waved, but there is also obvious shortcoming, such as productivity ratio and lumber recovery has been relatively low, product quality stability
Difference, production procedure long and complex process, compound interface are second-rate, clad ratio is limited and be difficult to precise control or production cost compared with
It is high.
Comparatively speaking, casting composite algorithm is with the obvious advantage, and it not only has, and production procedure is short, production efficiency is high, compound interface
Intensity is high and the advantages of low production cost, and is easily achieved serialization, automation and mass production.
A kind of Chinese patent application of Publication No. CN1229703A, and in particular to multilayer materials one-step casting shaping
Equipment and technology, it is recorded by setting oxidation protection cover, and water mold is respectively used into being frozen into for core and clad
Shape, so as to realize that multilayer materials one-step casting shapes, can obtain the high-quality of compound interface non-scale and greasy dirt impurity
Composite.But actual conditions are really not so, because process of setting is that from inside to outside, it is only suitable for preparing core for high-melting-point
And clad is the composite of low melting point；Further, due to core a secondary cooling for the whole crystallizer of cooling distance away from
It is too far away, it is easily caused the core for having solidified and is wrapped by a layer melt remelting because cooling cannot be continued, so as to mixed flow occurs.Separately
Outward, although being provided with oxidation protection cover in equipment, it is vulnerable to the influence of the fluctuation of clad melt liquid level and temperature fluctuation, reality is very
Hardly possible obtains the compound interface of non-scale and greasy dirt impurity.
A kind of Chinese patent application of Publication No. CN104959557A, and in particular to bimetallic cladding round billet continuous casting electromagnetic
Method and apparatus, it is recorded by applying pulse electromagnetic field to interior crystallizer, and external crystallizer applies middle frequency electromagnetic field, can prepare
Ectonexine metal solidification texture is refined, outer layer metal surface quality is high, compound interface steady and audible ground cladding round billet.But actual feelings
Condition is really not so, due to the bottom of inner layer metal liquid only inner crystallizer annular water chamber directly cool down and outer layer solidified shell between
Cooling is connect, its cooling capacity is far from being enough, simultaneously because being applied with pulse electromagnetic field, shake melt, this can lead
Cause interface unstable, be susceptible to interfacial failure, direct result is exactly compound failure.
A kind of Chinese patent application of Publication No. CN101549392A, and in particular to electromagnetic continuous-casting of complex ingot blank
Method and its device, clad melt pour water cooling using rain type sprue gate, clad melt liquid level need it is exposed
In air, will necessarily be involved in clad alloy for air, field trash etc. by this；In addition, its equipment is excessively complicated, for equipment system
Make, human users' technical ability, technological level and Automated condtrol requirement it is all very high, particularly correct control and Proper Match technique
Parameter, so that two kinds of metal interfaces are well combined and interface stability is relatively difficult, the metallic combination free degree can also be subject to very
The limitation of big degree, it is difficult to serialization, mass production, and is not particularly suited for multilayer coating structure of the number of plies more than two-layer
The preparation of ingot casting.
The content of the invention
For the problem that prior art is present, the present invention provides the semi-continuous casting device and method of a kind of three layers of cladding ingot casting,
With process is simple, easily realize that automation, the alloy combination free degree high, low production cost, production efficiency be high and compound interface
The measured advantage of matter.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：A kind of semi-continuous casting device of three layers of cladding ingot casting,
Including interior crystallizer, intermediate crystalliser, outer crystallizer, interior shunting disk, intermediate distributary disk, external shunt disk, supporting plate and dummy ingot block；
Dummy ingot block is offered in the supporting plate by hole, the outer crystallizer is fixedly mounted with the supporting plate, outer crystallizer and dummy ingot block
It is arranged concentrically by hole, outer internal surface of crystallizer is provided with the first graphite annulus, in the outer crystallizer below the first graphite annulus
Surface is circumferentially evenly equipped with some secondary cooling hydrophthalmias；The external shunt disk is fixedly mounted with outer crystallizer upper surface, external shunt disk with it is outer
Crystallizer is arranged concentrically；The intermediate crystalliser is packed in external shunt disk disk inner bottom surface, in intermediate crystalliser outer surface and following table
Face is provided with the first heat shield, has the second graphite annulus in intermediate crystalliser inner surface setting；The intermediate distributary disk is packed in
Intermediate crystalliser upper surface, intermediate distributary disk is arranged concentrically with intermediate crystalliser；The interior crystallizer is lifted on dummy ingot block and passes through
Hole top, interior crystallizer is arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block by hole, and it is heat-insulated that interior crystallizer outer surface and lower surface are provided with second
Sheath, has the 3rd graphite annulus in interior crystallizer inner surface setting；The interior shunting disk is packed in interior crystallizer upper surface, interior shunting
Disk is arranged concentrically with interior crystallizer；The dummy ingot block is arranged on casting machine, and dummy ingot block is arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block by hole；Institute
Dummy ingot block upper surface is stated with three layers of step, outer layer step, intermediate layer step and internal layer step is followed successively by；The outer layer step side
Facade is corresponding with the first graphite annulus, and the intermediate layer step side elevation is corresponding with the second graphite annulus, the internal layer step side
Facade is corresponding with the 3rd graphite annulus.
The interior crystallizer is lifted on dummy ingot block by hole top by bracket institution, and the bracket institution includes lower fixation
Disk, upper fixed disk, vertical rod and supporting leg, lower fixed disk are fixedly connected with interior crystallizer upper surface, between lower fixed disk and upper fixed disk
It is fixedly connected with by vertical rod, upper fixed disk is fixedly connected with by supporting leg with supporting plate.
The external shunt disk is sequentially provided with external shunt disk sprue, external shunt disk secondary runner and external shunt disk final stage stream
Road, the external shunt disk secondary runner is semicircular arc, and external shunt disk secondary runner middle part is connected with external shunt disk sprue；Institute
External shunt disk final stage runner is stated for V-arrangement, the semicircular arc of the V-arrangement pinnacle of external shunt disk final stage runner and external shunt disk secondary runner
End is connected, and the V-arrangement both arms of external shunt disk final stage runner are communicated with external shunt disk inner surface；
The intermediate distributary disk is sequentially provided with intermediate distributary disk sprue and intermediate distributary disk secondary runner, the centre point
Flow table secondary runner is circle, and the inner circle side of intermediate distributary disk secondary runner directly communicates with intermediate distributary disk inner surface；Institute
The inner circle side-lower for stating intermediate distributary disk secondary runner is provided with the first cylinder barrel shaped gear edge, and the first cylinder barrel shaped is kept off along to the second stone
Mo Huan carries out blocking cooperation；
The interior shunting disk is provided with interior shunting disk sprue, interior shunting disk sprue end and interior shunting disk inner surface phase
It is logical；The second cylinder barrel shaped gear edge is provided with below the interior shunting disk inner surface, the second cylinder barrel shaped is kept off along to the 3rd graphite annulus
Carry out blocking cooperation.
A kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting, employs three layers of semi-continuous casting device of cladding ingot casting, including as follows
Step：
Step one：Start casting machine, control dummy ingot block rises, and makes outer layer step, intermediate layer step and the internal layer of dummy ingot block
Step is respectively enterd in the first graphite annulus, the second graphite annulus and the 3rd graphite annulus；
Step 2：By interior shunting disk to core melt is poured into a mould in interior crystallizer, crystallized to centre by intermediate distributary disk
Cast intermediate layer melt in device, by pouring into a mould outer layer melt in the outside crystallizer of external shunt disk；In interior crystallizer and dummy ingot block
Under the common cooling effect of layer step, core melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell, in the middle of intermediate crystalliser and dummy ingot block
Under the common cooling effect of layer step, intermediate layer melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell, in outer crystallizer and dummy ingot block outer layer
Under the common cooling effect of step, outer layer melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell；
Step 3：When the solidified shell of core melt, intermediate layer melt and outer layer melt reaches setting thickness, dummy ingot is controlled
Block is moved down, and intermediate layer melt starts to come in contact and soak with the solidified shell of core melt, and metallurgical junction is realized by elements diffusion
Close, outer layer melt starts to come in contact and soak with the solidified shell of intermediate layer melt, and metallurgical binding is realized by elements diffusion；When
When three layers of cladding ingot casting reach preliminary dimension, the cast of core melt, intermediate layer melt and outer layer melt is stopped successively, when three layers
When cladding ingot casting moves down into the dummy ingot block of supporting plate by hole lower section, dummy ingot block stops moving down, and casting machine is shut down, and casting terminates.
The height of the outer layer step, intermediate layer step and internal layer step of the dummy ingot block is respectively by outer crystallizer, middle knot
The position of brilliant device and interior crystallizer determines that crystallizer position is lower, and the step of corresponding dummy ingot block enters its graphite annulus
Distance is bigger.
In casting process, the liquid level of intermediate layer melt will be consistently higher than the lower edge of the 3rd graphite annulus, outer layer melt
Liquid level will be consistently higher than the lower edge of the second graphite annulus.
When the solidified shell of core melt and the solidified shell of intermediate layer melt depart from the 3rd graphite annulus and the second graphite annulus respectively
When, by the cover surface temperature of intermediate layer melt composition to control intermediate layer molten metal liquidus temperature 75%~
90%, by the cover surface temperature of outer layer melt composition to control outer layer molten metal liquidus temperature 75%~
90%.
Before casting, the length that edge and the second cylinder barrel shaped gear edge are kept off to the first cylinder barrel shaped sets, and realizes to core
Material melt is controlled with the contact length and intermediate layer melt of the 3rd graphite annulus with the contact length of the second graphite annulus, Jin Ershi
Solidified shell and the thickness and temperature of the solidified shell of intermediate layer melt now to core melt is controlled.
Before casting, the height to interior crystallizer is set, and realization is opened core melt with the contact of the 3rd graphite annulus
Time beginning is controlled, and then temperature when realizing departing from three graphite annulus to the shell thickness and solidified shell of core melt is entered
Row control；Height to intermediate crystalliser sets, and realizes to intermediate layer melt and the contact start time of the second graphite annulus
Temperature when being controlled, and then realizing departing from the second graphite annulus to the shell thickness and solidified shell of intermediate layer melt is controlled
System.
The D.C.casting technological parameter of three layers of cladding ingot casting includes：Pouring temperature be 710~760 DEG C, casting speed be 50~
300mm/min, the cooling water inflow of outer crystallizer 3 is 60~100L/minm, the cooling water inflow of intermediate crystalliser 2 for 40~
80L/minm, the cooling water inflow of interior crystallizer 1 is 20~60L/minm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Compared with prior art, with process is simple, easily realization is automated the present invention, the alloy combination free degree is high, production
Low cost, production efficiency is high and the measured advantage of compound interface matter.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of semi-continuous casting device (before melt cast) structural representation of three layers of cladding ingot casting of the invention；
Fig. 2 is bracket institution structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is external shunt disk top view of the invention；
Fig. 5 is A-A sectional views in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is intermediate distributary disk top view of the invention；
Fig. 7 is B-B sectional views in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is interior shunting disk top view of the invention；
Fig. 9 is C-C sectional views in Fig. 8；
Figure 10 is the fixed clamping schematic diagram of intermediate distributary disk and external shunt disk；
Figure 11 is a kind of semi-continuous casting device (during casting) structural representation of three layers of cladding ingot casting of the invention；
In figure, 1- interior crystallizers, 2- intermediate crystallisers, the outer crystallizers of 3-, shunting disk in 4-, 5- intermediate distributary disks, outside 6-
Shunting disk, 7- supporting plates, 8- dummy ingot blocks, 9- dummy ingots block is by hole, the graphite annulus of 10- first, the heat shields of 11- first, 12- second
Graphite annulus, the heat shields of 13- second, the graphite annulus of 14- the 3rd, 15- outer layer steps, 16- intermediate layers step, 17- internal layer steps,
18- secondary cooling hydrophthalmias, 19- lower fixed disks, the upper fixed disks of 20-, 21- vertical rods, 22- supporting legs, 23- external shunt disk sprues, 24-
External shunt disk secondary runner, 25- external shunt disk final stage runners, 26- intermediate distributary disk sprues, 27- intermediate distributary disk secondary flows
Road, the cylinder barrel shapeds of 28- first gear edge, shunting disk sprue in 29-, the cylinder barrel shapeds of 30- second gear edge, 31- screw rods, 32- pressing plates,
33- clamp nuts, 34- core melts, 35- intermediate layers melt, 36- outer layer melts, tri- layers of cladding ingot castings of 37-.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Fig. 1~11, it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting semi-continuous casting devices, including interior crystallizer 1, intermediate crystalliser 2,
Outer crystallizer 3, interior shunting disk 4, intermediate distributary disk 5, external shunt disk 6, supporting plate 7 and dummy ingot block 8；Opened in the supporting plate 7
Dummy ingot block is provided with by hole 9, the outer crystallizer 3 is packed in supporting plate 7, outer crystallizer 3 sets with dummy ingot block by the way that hole 9 is concentric
Put, have the first graphite annulus 10 in the inner surface setting of outer crystallizer 3, the inner surface of outer crystallizer 3 week below the first graphite annulus 10
To being evenly equipped with some secondary cooling hydrophthalmias 18；The external shunt disk 6 is fixedly mounted with the upper surface of outer crystallizer 3, external shunt disk 6 and outer knot
Brilliant device 3 is arranged concentrically；The intermediate crystalliser 2 is packed in the disk inner bottom surface of external shunt disk 6, the outer surface of intermediate crystalliser 2 and under
Surface is provided with the first heat shield 11, has the second graphite annulus 12 in the inner surface setting of intermediate crystalliser 2；The intermediate distributary disk
5 are packed in the upper surface of intermediate crystalliser 2, and intermediate distributary disk 5 is arranged concentrically with intermediate crystalliser 2；The interior crystallizer 1 is lifted on
By the top of hole 9, interior crystallizer 1 is arranged concentrically dummy ingot block with dummy ingot block by hole 9, in the outer surface of interior crystallizer 1 and lower surface
The second heat shield 13 is provided with, has the 3rd graphite annulus 14 in the inner surface setting of interior crystallizer 1；The interior shunting disk 4 is packed in
The upper surface of interior crystallizer 1, interior shunting disk 4 is arranged concentrically with interior crystallizer 1；The dummy ingot block 8 is arranged on casting machine, dummy ingot block
8 are arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block by hole 9；The upper surface of dummy ingot block 8 has three layers of step, is followed successively by outer layer step 15, centre
Layer step 16 and internal layer step 17；The side elevation of outer layer step 15 is corresponding with the first graphite annulus 10, the intermediate layer step
16 side elevations are corresponding with the second graphite annulus 12, and the side elevation of internal layer step 17 is corresponding with the 3rd graphite annulus 14.
The interior crystallizer 1 is lifted on dummy ingot block by the top of hole 9 by bracket institution, and the bracket institution includes lower solid
Price fixing 19, upper fixed disk 20, vertical rod 21 and supporting leg 22, lower fixed disk 19 are fixedly connected with the upper surface of interior crystallizer 1, lower fixed disk 19
It is fixedly connected with by vertical rod 21 between upper fixed disk 20, upper fixed disk 20 is fixedly connected with by supporting leg 22 with supporting plate 7.
The external shunt disk 6 is sequentially provided with external shunt disk sprue 23, external shunt disk secondary runner 24 and external shunt disk end
Level runner 25, the external shunt disk secondary runner 24 is semicircular arc, the middle part of external shunt disk secondary runner 24 and external shunt disk master
Runner 23 is connected；The external shunt disk final stage runner 25 is V-arrangement, V-arrangement pinnacle and the external shunt disk of external shunt disk final stage runner 25
The semicircular arc end of secondary runner 24 is connected, V-arrangement both arms and the inner surface phase of external shunt disk 6 of external shunt disk final stage runner 25
It is logical；
The intermediate distributary disk 5 is sequentially provided with intermediate distributary disk sprue 26 and intermediate distributary disk secondary runner 27, described
Intermediate distributary disk secondary runner 27 for circle, intermediate distributary disk secondary runner 27 inner circle side directly with table in intermediate distributary disk 5
Face communicates；The first cylinder barrel shaped is provided with the inner circle side-lower of intermediate distributary disk secondary runner 27 to keep off along 28, the first cylinder
Tubular gear carries out blocking cooperation along 28 pairs of the second graphite annulus 12；
The interior shunting disk 4 is provided with interior shunting disk sprue 29, the interior end of shunting disk sprue 29 and table in interior shunting disk 4
Face communicates；The second cylinder barrel shaped gear is provided with below the inner surface of interior shunting disk 4 along 30, the second cylinder barrel shaped gear is along 30 pairs the
Three graphite annulus 14 carry out blocking cooperation.
The intermediate distributary disk 5 and external shunt disk 6 are fixed by screw rod press plate mechanism, the screw rod press plate mechanism
Including screw rod 31, pressing plate 32 and clamp nut 33, screw rod 31 is packed in supporting plate 7 vertically, and the one end of pressing plate 32 is overlapped on centre
On shunting disk 5 or external shunt disk 6, pressing plate 32 is sleeved on screw rod 31 by through hole, by fastening between pressing plate 32 and screw rod 31
Nut 33 is locked.
A kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting, employs three layers of semi-continuous casting device of cladding ingot casting, including as follows
Step：
Step one：Start casting machine, control dummy ingot block 8 rises, and makes outer layer step 15, the intermediate layer step 16 of dummy ingot block 8
And internal layer step 17 is respectively enterd in the first graphite annulus 10, the second graphite annulus 12 and the 3rd graphite annulus 14；
Step 2：By interior shunting disk 4 to core melt 34 is poured into a mould in interior crystallizer 1, by intermediate distributary disk 5 to centre
Cast intermediate layer melt 35 in crystallizer 2, by cast outer layer melt 36 in the outside crystallizer 3 of external shunt disk 6；In interior crystallizer
1 and the internal layer step 17 of dummy ingot block 8 common cooling effect under, core melt 34 starts to solidify and formed solidified shell, centre tie
Under the common cooling effect of brilliant device 2 and the intermediate layer step 16 of dummy ingot block 8, intermediate layer melt 35 starts to solidify and formed solidified shell,
Under the common cooling effect of outer crystallizer 3 and the outer layer step 15 of dummy ingot block 8, outer layer melt 36 starts to solidify and formed solidification
Shell；
Step 3：When the solidified shell of core melt 34, intermediate layer melt 35 and outer layer melt 36 reaches setting thickness, control
Dummy ingot block 8 processed is moved down, and intermediate layer melt 35 starts to come in contact and soak with the solidified shell of core melt 34, by elements diffusion
Metallurgical binding is realized, outer layer melt 36 starts to come in contact and soak with the solidified shell of intermediate layer melt 35, by elements diffusion
Realize metallurgical binding；When three layers coat ingot castings 37 reach predetermined length when, successively stop core melt 34, intermediate layer melt 35 and
The cast of outer layer melt 36, when three layers coat ingot casting 37 moves down into the dummy ingot block of supporting plate 7 by 9 lower section of hole, dummy ingot block 8 stops
Only move down, casting machine is shut down, casting terminates.
The height of the outer layer step 15, intermediate layer step 16 and internal layer step 17 of the dummy ingot block 8 is respectively by outer crystallizer
3rd, the position of intermediate crystalliser 2 and interior crystallizer 1 determines that crystallizer position is lower, and the step of corresponding dummy ingot block 8 enters
The distance of its graphite annulus is bigger.Consequently, it is possible to a certain layer melt in casting process can be avoided bleedout phenomenon occur.
In casting process, the liquid level of intermediate layer melt 35 will be consistently higher than the lower edge of the 3rd graphite annulus 14, and outer layer melts
The liquid level of body 36 will be consistently higher than the lower edge of the second graphite annulus 12.Consequently, it is possible to pass through intermediate layer melt 35 and outer layer melt
36 just smoothly can be isolated compound interface with air, effectively prevent solidified shell and are aoxidized in casting process, while
Avoid being involved in for air, it is ensured that compound interface pore-free, without field trash and oxide-free, and then ensure that compound interface
Quality.
When the solidified shell of core melt 34 and the solidified shell of intermediate layer melt 35 depart from the 3rd graphite annulus 14 and second respectively
During graphite annulus 12, the cover surface temperature formed by intermediate layer melt 35 will be controlled in intermediate layer molten metal liquidus temperature
75%~90%, the cover surface temperature formed by outer layer melt 36 will be controlled in outer layer molten metal liquidus temperature
75%~90%.
Before casting, to the first cylinder barrel shaped gear along 28 and second cylinder barrel shaped gear set along 30 length, realize
Core melt 34 is entered with the contact length and intermediate layer melt 35 of the 3rd graphite annulus 14 with the contact length of the second graphite annulus 12
Row control, and then realize controlling the thickness and temperature of the solidified shell of the solidified shell and intermediate layer melt 35 of core melt 34
System.Even if consequently, it is possible to melt is different and casting speed is different, can obtain preferable shell thickness and temperature.
Before casting, the height to interior crystallizer 1 sets, and realizes connecing to core melt 34 and the 3rd graphite annulus 14
The tactile time started is controlled, and then the temperature of shell thickness to core melt 34 and solidified shell when departing from three graphite annulus 14
Degree is controlled；Height to intermediate crystalliser 2 sets, and realizes to the contact with the second graphite annulus 12 of intermediate layer melt 35
Time started is controlled, and then the temperature of shell thickness to intermediate layer melt 35 and solidified shell when departing from the second graphite annulus 12
Degree is controlled.Even if consequently, it is possible to when each layer melt is changed, being also suitable for because fusing point is different and coagulating property is different
The change of the casting characteristics of generation.
The D.C.casting technological parameter of three layers of cladding ingot casting includes：Pouring temperature be 710~760 DEG C, casting speed be 50~
300mm/min, the cooling water inflow of outer crystallizer 3 is 60~100L/minm, the cooling water inflow of intermediate crystalliser 2 for 40~
80L/minm, the cooling water inflow of interior crystallizer 1 is 20~60L/minm.
Embodiment one
In the present embodiment, for 3003 aluminium alloys, (liquidus temperature is 658 DEG C, solidus temperature to the material of core melt 34
It is 646 DEG C), the material of intermediate layer melt 35 is 6069 aluminium alloys (liquidus temperature is 647 DEG C, and solidus temperature is 511 DEG C),
The material of outer layer melt 36 is 4045 aluminium alloys (liquidus temperature is 595 DEG C, and solidus temperature is 577 DEG C), three layers of cladding casting
Each layer design size of ingot is φ 164mm/ φ 152mm/ φ 80mm.
Before casting, core melt 34, intermediate layer melt 35 and outer layer melt 36 enter in three independent resistance furnaces respectively
Row fusing, is incubated standby after refining degasification.
During casting, at 750 DEG C, the pouring temperature control of intermediate layer melt 35 exists for the pouring temperature control of outer layer melt 36
740 DEG C, the pouring temperature of outer layer melt 36 is controlled at 710 DEG C；The cooling water inflow of outer crystallizer 3 is 80L/minm, centre knot
The cooling water inflow of brilliant device 2 is 60L/minm, and the cooling water inflow of interior crystallizer 1 is 30L/minm；Casting speed is 150mm/
min。
During casting, core melt 34 is poured into a mould first, and parked 20 seconds in interior crystallizer 1, makes the shape first of core melt 34
Into certain thickness solidified shell；Then the cast of intermediate layer melt 35 is carried out, intermediate layer melt 35 need to stop in intermediate crystalliser 2
Put 15 seconds, finally outer layer melt 36 is poured into outer crystallizer 3, after three layers of aluminum alloy melt are all on board, dummy ingot is controlled this moment
Block 8 is moved down, and when three layers coat ingot castings 37 reaches predetermined length, core melt 34, intermediate layer melt 35 and outer is stopped successively
The cast of layer melt 36, when three layers coat ingot casting 37 moves down into the dummy ingot block of supporting plate 7 by 9 lower section of hole, dummy ingot block 8 stops
Move down, casting machine is shut down, casting terminates.
For the cast for stopping core melt 34, intermediate layer melt 35 and outer layer melt 36 successively, then can ensure three layers
The integrality of ingot casting 37 is coated, and then improves the lumber recovery of ingot casting.
Embodiment two
In the present embodiment, for 7004 aluminium alloys, (liquidus temperature is 645 DEG C, solidus temperature to the material of core melt 34
It is 482 DEG C), the material of intermediate layer melt 35 is 3003 aluminium alloys (liquidus temperature is 658 DEG C, and solidus temperature is 646 DEG C),
The material of outer layer melt 36 is 4045 aluminium alloys (liquidus temperature is 595 DEG C, and solidus temperature is 577 DEG C), three layers of cladding casting
Each layer design size of ingot is φ 164mm/ φ 152mm/ φ 100mm.
Before casting, core melt 34, intermediate layer melt 35 and outer layer melt 36 enter in three independent resistance furnaces respectively
Row fusing, is incubated standby after refining degasification.
During casting, at 750 DEG C, the pouring temperature control of intermediate layer melt 35 exists for the pouring temperature control of outer layer melt 36
730 DEG C, the pouring temperature of outer layer melt 36 is controlled at 720 DEG C；The cooling water inflow of outer crystallizer 3 is 80L/minm, centre knot
The cooling water inflow of brilliant device 2 is 60L/minm, and the cooling water inflow of interior crystallizer 1 is 40L/minm；Casting speed is 150mm/
min。
During casting, core melt 34 is poured into a mould first, and parked 20 seconds in interior crystallizer 1, makes the shape first of core melt 34
Into certain thickness solidified shell；Then the cast of intermediate layer melt 35 is carried out, intermediate layer melt 35 need to stop in intermediate crystalliser 2
Put 15 seconds, finally outer layer melt 36 is poured into outer crystallizer 3, after three layers of aluminum alloy melt are all on board, dummy ingot is controlled this moment
Block 8 is moved down, and when three layers coat ingot castings 37 reaches predetermined length, core melt 34, intermediate layer melt 35 and outer is stopped successively
The cast of layer melt 36, when three layers coat ingot casting 37 moves down into the dummy ingot block of supporting plate 7 by 9 lower section of hole, dummy ingot block 8 stops
Move down, casting machine is shut down, casting terminates.
For the cast for stopping core melt 34, intermediate layer melt 35 and outer layer melt 36 successively, then can ensure three layers
The integrality of ingot casting 37 is coated, and then improves the lumber recovery of ingot casting.
Scheme in embodiment and being not used to limits scope of patent protection of the invention, it is all without departing from carried out by the present invention etc.
Effect is implemented or is changed, and is both contained in the scope of the claims of this case.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting semi-continuous casting device, it is characterised in that：Including interior crystallizer, intermediate crystalliser, outer crystallization
Device, interior shunting disk, intermediate distributary disk, external shunt disk, supporting plate and dummy ingot block；Dummy ingot block is offered in the supporting plate to pass through
Hole, the outer crystallizer is fixedly mounted with the supporting plate, and outer crystallizer is arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block by hole, in outer internal surface of crystallizer
The first graphite annulus is provided with, the outer internal surface of crystallizer below the first graphite annulus is circumferentially evenly equipped with some secondary cooling hydrophthalmias；
The external shunt disk is fixedly mounted with outer crystallizer upper surface, and external shunt disk is arranged concentrically with outer crystallizer；The intermediate crystalliser is consolidated
Mounted in external shunt disk disk inner bottom surface, intermediate crystalliser outer surface and lower surface are provided with the first heat shield, are crystallized in centre
Device inner surface setting has the second graphite annulus；The intermediate distributary disk is packed in intermediate crystalliser upper surface, and intermediate distributary disk is with
Between crystallizer be arranged concentrically；The interior crystallizer is lifted on dummy ingot block by hole top, and interior crystallizer is same by hole with dummy ingot block
The heart is set, and interior crystallizer outer surface and lower surface are provided with the second heat shield, has the 3rd in interior crystallizer inner surface setting
Graphite annulus；The interior shunting disk is packed in interior crystallizer upper surface, and interior shunting disk is arranged concentrically with interior crystallizer；The dummy ingot block
On casting machine, dummy ingot block is arranged concentrically with dummy ingot block by hole；The dummy ingot block upper surface has three layers of step, successively
It is outer layer step, intermediate layer step and internal layer step；The outer layer step side elevation is corresponding with the first graphite annulus, the centre
Layer step side elevation is corresponding with the second graphite annulus, and the internal layer step side elevation is corresponding with the 3rd graphite annulus.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting semi-continuous casting device, it is characterised in that：The interior crystallizer
Dummy ingot block is lifted on by hole top by bracket institution, the bracket institution includes lower fixed disk, upper fixed disk, vertical rod and branch
Leg, lower fixed disk is fixedly connected with interior crystallizer upper surface, is fixedly connected with by vertical rod between lower fixed disk and upper fixed disk, upper fixation
Disk is fixedly connected with by supporting leg with supporting plate.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting semi-continuous casting device, it is characterised in that：The external shunt disk
It is sequentially provided with external shunt disk sprue, external shunt disk secondary runner and external shunt disk final stage runner, the external shunt disk secondary flow
Road is semicircular arc, and external shunt disk secondary runner middle part is connected with external shunt disk sprue；The external shunt disk final stage runner is V
Shape, the V-arrangement pinnacle of external shunt disk final stage runner is connected with the semicircular arc end of external shunt disk secondary runner, external shunt disk final stage
The V-arrangement both arms of runner are communicated with external shunt disk inner surface；
The intermediate distributary disk is sequentially provided with intermediate distributary disk sprue and intermediate distributary disk secondary runner, the intermediate distributary disk
Secondary runner is circle, and the inner circle side of intermediate distributary disk secondary runner directly communicates with intermediate distributary disk inner surface；In described
Between shunting disk secondary runner inner circle side-lower be provided with the first cylinder barrel shaped gear edge, the first cylinder barrel shaped keep off along to the second graphite annulus
Carry out blocking cooperation；
The interior shunting disk is provided with interior shunting disk sprue, and interior shunting disk sprue end communicates with interior shunting disk inner surface；
The interior shunting disk inner surface lower section is provided with the second cylinder barrel shaped gear edge, and the second cylinder barrel shaped gear hides along to the 3rd graphite annulus
Gear coordinates.
4. a kind of D.C.casting method of three layers of cladding ingot casting, employs three layers of D.C.casting of cladding ingot casting described in claim 1
Device, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one：Start casting machine, control dummy ingot block rises, and makes outer layer step, intermediate layer step and the internal layer step of dummy ingot block
Respectively enter in the first graphite annulus, the second graphite annulus and the 3rd graphite annulus；
Step 2：By interior shunting disk to core melt is poured into a mould in interior crystallizer, by intermediate distributary disk in intermediate crystalliser
Cast intermediate layer melt, by pouring into a mould outer layer melt in the outside crystallizer of external shunt disk；In interior crystallizer and dummy ingot block internal layer platform
Under the common cooling effect of rank, core melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell, in intermediate crystalliser and dummy ingot block intermediate layer platform
Under the common cooling effect of rank, intermediate layer melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell, in outer crystallizer and dummy ingot block outer layer step
Common cooling effect under, outer layer melt starts to solidify and formed solidified shell；
Step 3：When the solidified shell of core melt, intermediate layer melt and outer layer melt reaches setting thickness, under control dummy ingot block
Move, intermediate layer melt starts to come in contact and soak with the solidified shell of core melt, realizes metallurgical binding by elements diffusion, outward
Layer melt starts to come in contact and soak with the solidified shell of intermediate layer melt, and metallurgical binding is realized by elements diffusion；When three layers
When cladding ingot casting reaches preliminary dimension, the cast of core melt, intermediate layer melt and outer layer melt is stopped successively, when three layers of cladding
When ingot casting moves down into the dummy ingot block of supporting plate by hole lower section, dummy ingot block stops moving down, and casting machine is shut down, and casting terminates.
5. it is according to claim 4 it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting D.C.casting method, it is characterised in that：The dummy ingot block
The height of outer layer step, intermediate layer step and internal layer step is respectively by the position of outer crystallizer, intermediate crystalliser and interior crystallizer
Determine, crystallizer position is lower, the step of corresponding dummy ingot block is bigger into the distance of its graphite annulus.
6. it is according to claim 4 it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting D.C.casting method, it is characterised in that：In casting process
In, the liquid level of intermediate layer melt will be consistently higher than the lower edge of the 3rd graphite annulus, and the liquid level of outer layer melt will be consistently higher than second
The lower edge of graphite annulus.
7. it is according to claim 4 it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting D.C.casting method, it is characterised in that：When core melt
When the solidified shell of solidified shell and intermediate layer melt departs from the 3rd graphite annulus and the second graphite annulus respectively, by intermediate layer melt composition
Cover surface temperature will be controlled the 75%~90% of intermediate layer molten metal liquidus temperature, by the bag of outer layer melt composition
Clad surface temperature will be controlled the 75%~90% of outer layer molten metal liquidus temperature.
8. it is according to claim 4 it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting D.C.casting method, it is characterised in that：Before casting, it is right
First cylinder barrel shaped gear along and the length on the second cylinder barrel shaped gear edge set, realize to core melt and the 3rd graphite annulus
Contact length and intermediate layer melt are controlled with the contact length of the second graphite annulus, and then realize the solidified shell to core melt
And the thickness and temperature of the solidified shell of intermediate layer melt are controlled.
9. it is according to claim 4 it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting D.C.casting method, it is characterised in that：Before casting, it is right
The height of interior crystallizer is set, and realization is controlled to core melt with the contact start time of the 3rd graphite annulus, and then
Temperature when realizing departing from three graphite annulus to the shell thickness and solidified shell of core melt is controlled；To intermediate crystalliser
Height set, realization intermediate layer melt is controlled with the contact start time of the second graphite annulus, and then realize it is right
The temperature when shell thickness and solidified shell of intermediate layer melt depart from the second graphite annulus is controlled.
10. it is according to claim 4 it is a kind of three layers cladding ingot casting D.C.casting method, it is characterised in that：Three layers of cladding casting
The D.C.casting technological parameter of ingot includes：Pouring temperature is 710~760 DEG C, and casting speed is 50~300mm/min, outer crystallizer 3
Cooling water inflow be 60~100L/minm, the cooling water inflow of intermediate crystalliser 2 is 40~80L/minm, interior crystallizer 1
Cooling water inflow is 20~60L/minm.
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