CN111151574A - 一种医疗设备专用电缆内导体的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种医疗设备专用电缆内导体的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111151574A
CN111151574A CN202010019929.4A CN202010019929A CN111151574A CN 111151574 A CN111151574 A CN 111151574A CN 202010019929 A CN202010019929 A CN 202010019929A CN 111151574 A CN111151574 A CN 111151574A
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骆越峰
姚幼甫
陈国权
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Shaoxing Libo Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种医疗设备专用电缆内导体的制备方法，所述的内导体按照重量百分比计，锡0.2％，铟0.2％，银0.005～0.007％，镍0.005～0.007％，镁0.005～0.007％，镧0.005～0.007％，铬0.005～0.007％；银含量与镍含量、镁含量、镧含量、铬含量的比值为1：1：1：1：1：1；铜、锡、铟、银、镍、镁、镧、铬等元素的含量之和大于99.995％；制备方法是包括高纯铜熔炼、定向凝固、扒皮、轧制、退火、拉丝等工序；制备的内导体的综合性能优异。

Description

一种医疗设备专用电缆内导体的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种金属材料的制备方法，尤其涉及一种医疗设备专用电缆内导体的制备方法。
背景技术
随着医疗保健用电子设备的技术发展，医疗电子设备用极细同轴电缆显得非常重要，要求在不增加电缆芯数的情况下，减少电缆的外径，并且要具有优良的图像信号传输性能。随着铜线材越来越微细化，对铜线材的性能要求也是越来越高。微细铜线材在冷拉、退火后，其机械、电气性能会发生一些变化，即在铜线材冷加工变形度越大时，铜线材内储存的变形能也越大，这种存储的变形能引起在室温下冷拉的微细铜线发生再结晶，使在室温下再结晶的冷拉微细铜线性能软化，降低了铜线的可拉性，并且在退火后导致产生不均匀的再结晶晶粒，导致铜线在制备过程中容易断裂，影响铜线的长度和性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种医疗设备专用电缆内导体的制备方法。
本发明所述的医疗设备专用电缆内导体按照重量百分比计，锡0.2％，铟0.2％，银0.005～0.007％，镍0.005～0.007％，镁0.005～0.007％，镧0.005～0.007％，铬0.005～0.007％；银含量与镍含量、镁含量、镧含量、铬含量的比值为1：1：1：1：1：1；铜、锡、铟、银、镍、镁、镧、铬等元素的含量之和大于99.995％。
本发明所述的制备方法是：高纯铜熔炼—定向凝固—第一次扒皮—第一次轧制—第一次退火—第二次轧制—第二次退火—拉丝。
(1)高纯铜熔铸：以A级阴极铜为原料，采用真空电子束熔炼、凝固，去除杂质元素；制备的高纯铜铸锭的成分组成为：铜含量大于99.999％，氧含量≤0.0005％，导电率≥102.5％IACS；所述的真空电子束熔炼时的电子枪工作真空度小于2×10-3Pa，熔炼室真空度小于2×10-2Pa，加速电压50KV；冷却水流量为大于1000l/h，牵引速度为5mm/min-50mm/min。
(2)定向凝固：高纯铜铸锭和纯银、纯锡、铜镍中间合金、铜镁中间合金、铜铟中间合金、铜镧中间合金、铜铬中间合金等原料，放入定向凝固装置中进行熔化，采用木炭、石墨鳞片覆盖铜液表面，采用牵引机组水平牵引铜杆；所述的熔炼装置包括定向凝固结晶器、熔炼炉和保温炉，定向凝固结晶器的出水温度为小于28℃，熔炼炉的温度为1155℃，保温炉的温度为1150℃；熔炼炉采用烘干的木炭覆盖，木炭的粒度为30mm-50mm，覆盖厚度为150mm-180mm，保温炉采用石墨鳞片覆盖，覆盖厚度为30mm-50mm；铜杆的牵引速度为20mm/min-100mm/min；制备的铜杆中锡0.2％，铟0.2％，银0.005～0.007％，镍0.005～0.007％，镁0.005～0.007％，镧0.005～0.007％，铬0.005～0.007％；银含量与镍含量、镁含量、镧含量、铬含量的比值为1：1：1：1：1：1；铜、锡、铟、银、镍、镁、镧、铬等元素的含量之和大于99.995％，氧含量≤0.0005％，导电率≥85％IACS。制备的铜杆为柱状晶粒组织，柱状晶粒的个数为2-10个。
(3)第一次扒皮：将定向凝固制备的铜杆表面进行扒皮，铜杆表面扒皮的尺寸为0.2～0.5mm。
(4)第一次轧制：采用多机架的二辊轧机轧制，轧制速度0.30米/秒，轧制后铜棒的直径为20mm；轧制后铜棒直径不圆度小于0.1mm，采用椭圆-圆孔型的孔型系统，多机架单独传动变频调速，各个道次机架轧辊是由各个不同的变频电机驱动，交流变频电机30KW，轧辊：Ф300mm，轧辊材质为Cr12MoV，轧辊硬度HRC58，轧辊孔槽粗糙度不低于Ra0.1；轧制过程中对轧辊、铜棒进行乳液冷却及润滑，流量：20m3/h，乳液工作压力：2.2MPa，乳液温度：35℃，乳液浓度10％。
(5)第一次退火：采用保护气氛真空炉进行退火，退火温度为400℃，保温时间为5小时，冷却时间8小时，出炉温度小于50℃，退火后铜棒的晶粒尺寸为0.01mm-0.15mm。
(6)第二次轧制：将直径为20mm的铜棒采用多机架的二辊轧机轧制，轧制后铜线的直径为3mm；轧制后铜棒直径不圆度小于0.05mm，采用椭圆-圆孔型的孔型系统，多机架单独传动变频调速，各个道次机架轧辊是由各个不同的变频电机驱动，交流变频电机30KW，轧辊：Ф300mm，轧辊材质为Cr12MoV，轧辊硬度HRC58，轧辊孔槽粗糙度不低于Ra0.1；轧制过程中对轧辊、铜棒进行乳液冷却及润滑，流量：20m3/h，乳液工作压力：2.2MPa，乳液温度：35℃，乳液浓度10％。
(7)第二次退火：采用保护气氛真空炉进行退火，退火温度为380℃，保温时间为5小时，冷却时间8小时，出炉温度小于50℃，退火后铜棒的晶粒尺寸为0.01mm-0.15mm。
(8)拉丝：将退火后直径为3mm的铜线多道次拉丝，直径大于0.1mm时，乳液的浓度为10％～12％，温度小于35℃，拉丝过程中采用在线退火的方法，在线退火的电压为50V-60V，速度为500-800m/min；直径不大于0.1mm时，采用6％-8％乳化液进行冷却，温度小于25℃；在线退火的电压为35V～40V，速度为1000～1200m/min。
上述方法制备的医疗设备专用电缆内导体软态的抗拉强度≥400MPa、伸长率≥30％、导电率≥85％IACS，硬态的抗拉强度≥700MPa、伸长率≥3％、导电率≥78％IACS，弯曲疲劳寿命是普通纯铜内导体的15-20倍，长度大于50万米。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1.采用高纯铜熔炼、定向凝固、扒皮、轧制、退火、拉丝等工艺相结合，制备的医疗设备专用电缆内导体的弯曲疲劳寿命是普通纯铜内导体的15-20倍。
2.通过扒皮，将铜棒表面清理干净，避免表面的污染物带入铜材内部，避免铜线在拉丝过程中断裂，保证内导体的长度大于50万米。
3.通过控制铜合金线材的成分，优化铜、锡、银、镍、镁、铟、镧、铬等元素含量，提高内导体的综合性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步描述。
本发明所述的医疗设备专用电缆内导体按照重量百分比计，锡0.2％，铟0.2％，银0.005％，镍0.005％，镁0.005％，铬0.005％，镧0.005％；铜、锡、银、镍、镁、铟、镧、铬等元素的含量之和大于99.995％。
本发明所述的制备方法是：高纯铜熔炼—定向凝固—第一次扒皮—第一次轧制—第一次退火—第二次轧制—第二次退火—拉丝。
(1)高纯铜熔铸：以A级阴极铜为原料，采用真空电子束熔炼、凝固，去除杂质元素；制备的高纯铜铸锭的成分组成为：铜含量大于99.999％，氧含量≤0.0005％，导电率≥102.5％IACS；所述的真空电子束熔炼时的电子枪工作真空度小于2×10-3Pa，熔炼室真空度小于2×10-2Pa，加速电压50KV；冷却水流量为大于1000l/h，牵引速度为5mm/min-50mm/min。
(2)定向凝固：高纯铜铸锭和纯银、纯锡、铜镍中间合金、铜镁中间合金、铜铟中间合金、铜镧中间合金、铜铬中间合金等原料，放入定向凝固装置中进行熔化，采用木炭、石墨鳞片覆盖铜液表面，采用牵引机组水平牵引铜杆；所述的熔炼装置包括定向凝固结晶器、熔炼炉和保温炉，定向凝固结晶器的出水温度为小于28℃，熔炼炉的温度为1155℃，保温炉的温度为1150℃；熔炼炉采用烘干的木炭覆盖，木炭的粒度为30mm-50mm，覆盖厚度为150mm-180mm，保温炉采用石墨鳞片覆盖，覆盖厚度为30mm-50mm；铜杆的牵引速度为20mm/min-100mm/min；制备的铜杆中锡0.2％，铟0.2％，银0.01％，镍0.005％，镁0.005％，铬0.005％，镧0.005％；铜、锡、银、镍、镁、铟、镧、铬等元素的含量之和大于99.995％，氧含量≤0.0005％，导电率≥85％IACS。制备的铜杆为柱状晶粒组织，柱状晶粒的个数为5个。
(3)第一次扒皮：将定向凝固制备的铜杆表面进行扒皮，铜杆表面扒皮的尺寸为0.2mm。
(4)第一次轧制：采用多机架的二辊轧机轧制，轧制速度0.30米/秒，轧制后铜棒的直径为20mm；轧制后铜棒直径不圆度小于0.1mm，采用椭圆-圆孔型的孔型系统，多机架单独传动变频调速，各个道次机架轧辊是由各个不同的变频电机驱动，交流变频电机30KW，轧辊：Ф300mm，轧辊材质为Cr12MoV，轧辊硬度HRC58，轧辊孔槽粗糙度不低于Ra0.1；轧制过程中对轧辊、铜棒进行乳液冷却及润滑，流量：20m3/h，乳液工作压力：2.2MPa，乳液温度：35℃，乳液浓度10％。
(5)第一次退火：采用保护气氛真空炉进行退火，退火温度为400℃，保温时间为5小时，冷却时间8小时，出炉温度小于50℃，退火后铜棒的晶粒尺寸为0.01mm-0.15mm。
(6)第二次轧制：将直径为20mm的铜棒采用多机架的二辊轧机轧制，轧制后铜线的直径为3mm；轧制后铜棒直径不圆度小于0.05mm，采用椭圆-圆孔型的孔型系统，多机架单独传动变频调速，各个道次机架轧辊是由各个不同的变频电机驱动，交流变频电机30KW，轧辊：Ф300mm，轧辊材质为Cr12MoV，轧辊硬度HRC58，轧辊孔槽粗糙度不低于Ra0.1；轧制过程中对轧辊、铜棒进行乳液冷却及润滑，流量：20m3/h，乳液工作压力：2.2MPa，乳液温度：35℃，乳液浓度10％。
(7)第二次退火：采用保护气氛真空炉进行退火，退火温度为380℃，保温时间为5小时，冷却时间8小时，出炉温度小于50℃，退火后铜棒的晶粒尺寸为0.01mm-0.15mm。
(8)拉丝：将退火后直径为3mm的铜线多道次拉丝，直径大于0.1mm时，乳液的浓度为10％～12％，温度小于35℃，拉丝过程中采用在线退火的方法，在线退火的电压为50V-60V，速度为500-800m/min；直径不大于0.1mm时，采用6％-8％乳化液进行冷却，温度小于25℃；在线退火的电压为35V～40V，速度为1000～1200m/min。
上述方法制备的医疗设备专用电缆内导体软态的抗拉强度≥400MPa、伸长率≥30％、导电率≥85％IACS，硬态的抗拉强度≥700MPa、伸长率≥3％、导电率≥78％IACS，弯曲疲劳寿命是普通纯铜内导体的15-20倍，长度大于50万米。
上述实施例仅用于解释说明本发明的发明构思，而非对本发明权利保护的限定，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种医疗设备专用电缆内导体的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的内导体按照重量百分比计，锡0.2％，铟0.2％，银0.005～0.007％，镍0.005～0.007％，镁0.005～0.007％，镧0.005～0.007％，铬0.005～0.007％；银含量与镍含量、镁含量、镧含量、铬含量的比值为1：1：1：1：1：1；铜、锡、铟、银、镍、镁、镧、铬等元素的含量之和大于99.995％；所述的制备方法是：高纯铜熔炼—定向凝固—第一次扒皮—第一次轧制—第一次退火—第二次轧制—第二次退火—拉丝；所述的制备方法的具体步骤是：
(1)高纯铜熔铸：以A级阴极铜为原料，采用真空电子束熔炼、凝固，去除杂质元素；制备的高纯铜铸锭的成分组成为：铜含量大于99.999％，氧含量≤0.0005％，导电率≥102.5％IACS；所述的真空电子束熔炼时的电子枪工作真空度小于2×10-3Pa，熔炼室真空度小于2×10-2Pa，加速电压50KV；冷却水流量为大于1000l/h，牵引速度为5mm/min-50mm/min；
(2)定向凝固：将高纯铜铸锭和纯银、纯锡、铜镍中间合金、铜镁中间合金、铜铟中间合金、铜镧中间合金、铜铬中间合金等原料，放入定向凝固装置中进行熔化，采用木炭、石墨鳞片覆盖铜液表面，采用牵引机组水平牵引铜杆；所述的熔炼装置包括定向凝固结晶器、熔炼炉和保温炉，定向凝固结晶器的出水温度为小于28℃，熔炼炉的温度为1155℃，保温炉的温度为1150℃；熔炼炉采用烘干的木炭覆盖，木炭的粒度为30mm-50mm，覆盖厚度为150mm-180mm，保温炉采用石墨鳞片覆盖，覆盖厚度为30mm-50mm；铜杆的牵引速度为20mm/min-100mm/min，制备的铜杆中锡0.2％，铟0.2％，银0.005～0.007％，镍0.005～0.007％，镁0.005～0.007％，镧0.005～0.007％，铬0.005～0.007％；银含量与镍含量、镁含量、镧含量、铬含量的比值为1：1：1：1：1：1；铜、锡、铟、银、镍、镁、镧、铬等元素的含量之和大于99.995％，氧含量≤0.0005％，导电率≥85％IACS；制备的铜杆为柱状晶粒组织，柱状晶粒的个数为2-10个；
(3)第一次扒皮：将定向凝固制备的铜杆表面进行扒皮，铜杆表面扒皮的尺寸为0.2～0.5mm；
(4)第一次轧制：采用多机架的二辊轧机轧制，轧制速度0.30米/秒，轧制后铜棒的直径为20mm；轧制后铜棒直径不圆度小于0.1mm，采用椭圆-圆孔型的孔型系统，多机架单独传动变频调速，各个道次机架轧辊是由各个不同的变频电机驱动，交流变频电机30KW，轧辊：Ф300mm，轧辊材质为Cr12MoV，轧辊硬度HRC58，轧辊孔槽粗糙度不低于Ra0.1；轧制过程中对轧辊、铜棒进行乳液冷却及润滑，流量：20m3/h，乳液工作压力：2.2MPa，乳液温度：35℃，乳液浓度10％；
(5)第一次退火：采用保护气氛真空炉进行退火，退火温度为400℃，保温时间为5小时，冷却时间8小时，出炉温度小于50℃，退火后铜棒的晶粒尺寸为0.01mm-0.15mm；
(6)第二次轧制：将直径为20mm的铜棒采用多机架的二辊轧机轧制，轧制后铜线的直径为3mm；轧制后铜棒直径不圆度小于0.05mm，采用椭圆-圆孔型的孔型系统，多机架单独传动变频调速，各个道次机架轧辊是由各个不同的变频电机驱动，交流变频电机30KW，轧辊：Ф300mm，轧辊材质为Cr12MoV，轧辊硬度HRC58，轧辊孔槽粗糙度不低于Ra0.1；轧制过程中对轧辊、铜棒进行乳液冷却及润滑，流量：20m3/h，乳液工作压力：2.2MPa，乳液温度：35℃，乳液浓度10％；
(7)第二次退火：采用保护气氛真空炉进行退火，退火温度为380℃，保温时间为5小时，冷却时间8小时，出炉温度小于50℃，退火后铜棒的晶粒尺寸为0.01mm-0.15mm；
(8)拉丝：将退火后直径为3mm的铜线多道次拉丝，直径大于0.1mm时，乳液的浓度为10％～12％，温度小于35℃，拉丝过程中采用在线退火的方法，在线退火的电压为50V-60V，速度为500-800m/min；直径不大于0.1mm时，采用6％-8％乳化液进行冷却，温度小于25℃；在线退火的电压为35V～40V，速度为1000～1200m/min；
上述方法制备的医疗设备专用电缆内导体软态的抗拉强度≥400MPa、伸长率≥30％、导电率≥85％IACS，硬态的抗拉强度≥700MPa、伸长率≥3％、导电率≥78％IACS，弯曲疲劳寿命是普通纯铜内导体的15-20倍，长度大于50万米。
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