CN111147079B - Data acquisition method and device with adaptive and adjustable sampling frequency - Google Patents
Data acquisition method and device with adaptive and adjustable sampling frequency Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a data acquisition method and a device with self-adaptive and adjustable sampling frequency, wherein a time detection window is set, the change rate and the accumulated variation of the sampled data in the time detection window are calculated, and the ratio of the change rate and the accumulated variation of the data in adjacent time detection windows is processed to obtain the final real-time sampling frequency, namely, when the data change is faster, the sampling frequency is increased, so that the obtained sampled data can accurately reflect the parameter change details of a tested object; when the data change is slow, the sampling frequency is reduced, and invalid big data is avoided while the system power consumption is reduced. The method and the device can realize the self-adaptive adjustment of the sampling frequency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of monitoring, and relates to a data acquisition method and device with a sampling frequency capable of being adjusted in a self-adaptive mode.
Background
The sensor can detect the information to be measured, and simultaneously changes the detected information to be measured into an electric signal or information in other required forms according to a certain rule for output, so that the information transmission, processing and storage are convenient, and the sensor is widely applied to the fields of data acquisition and measurement, diagnosis and monitoring and the like. The sampling frequency of the existing sensor is fixed and unchangeable, and in the actual situation, the parameter change of the measured object is not uniform, so the fixed sampling frequency can not effectively recover the original signal, and the loss of detail change is easy to cause.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a data acquisition method and a data acquisition device with a self-adaptive adjustable sampling frequency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the data acquisition method with the sampling frequency being adaptively adjustable comprises the following steps:
1) Mounting and fixing a sensor, acquiring data through the sensor, and preprocessing an output analog signal of the sensor;
2) Setting the initial sampling frequency of the sensor to f 0 Maximum sampling frequency of f max And a time detection window, wherein the length of the time detection window is T, the length of the time detection window is set to be in the ith time detection window, i =1,2,3 …, and data collected by the sensor
Wherein, N i Counting the collection points of the data;
3) Sensor with initial sampling frequency f 0 Data acquisition is carried out, wherein the data acquired by the sensor in the 1 st time detection window
Data collected in the 2 nd time detection window
Wherein N is 1 ＝N 2 ＝T·f 0 Calculating the change rate R of the data in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (1) 1 And R 2 Calculating the cumulative variation B in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (2) 1 And B 2 ；
4) Calculating the change rate ratio a of the data in the adjacent time detection windows as
The constraint condition of the rate of change ratio is shown in formula (3), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor a And the ratio result a obtained under the constraint condition satisfies the relation shown in the formula (5), and the accumulated change ratio b of the data in the adjacent time detection window is calculated to be ^ based on>
The constraint condition of the accumulated variation ratio is shown as formula (4), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor b The ratio b of the obtained real-time sampling frequency to the accumulated variation quantity satisfies the relation of the formula (6) under the constraint condition, and the final real-time sampling frequency is f s ＝max[f a f b ]；
f a ＝2 a-1 ·f 0 (4)
f b ＝2 b-1 ·f 0 (6)
Wherein,
is an rounding up symbol;
5) In the 3 rd time detection window, the sensor samples the frequency f at the final real-time s Performing an acquisition, wherein the acquired data
Calculating the acquisition of data in the third temporal detection window according to equation (7)Number of points N 3 Simultaneously calculating the change rate R of the data in the third time detection window 3 And the accumulated variation B 3 ；
N i ＝T·f s (i＝3,4,…) (7)
6) Repeating the step 4), updating the values of a and b through the formulas (3) and (5), and re-determining the real-time sampling frequency f s And next sampling point number is detected in the window, the sensor determines the good sampling frequency f s The acquisition is carried out and the time T required within the current detection window is recalculated i 、R i And B i 。
The specific process of preprocessing the output analog signal of the sensor in the step 1) is as follows: and sequentially carrying out noise reduction, amplification and filtering processing on the output analog signals of the sensor.
The data acquisition device with the sampling frequency self-adaptive and adjustable comprises:
the acquisition module is used for preprocessing the output analog signal of the sensor and transmitting the acquired data to the control module;
the control module is connected with the acquisition module, wherein the specific working process of the control module is as follows:
a) Setting the initial sampling frequency of the sensor to be f 0 Maximum sampling frequency of f max And a time detection window, wherein the length of the time detection window is T, the length of the time detection window is set in the ith time detection window, i =1,2,3 …, and data X acquired by the sensor i ＝[x 1 ,x 2 ,…x Ni ]Wherein, N is i Counting the collection points of the data;
b) Sensor with initial sampling frequency f 0 Data acquisition is carried out, wherein the data acquired by the sensor in the 1 st time detection window
Data collected in the 2 nd time detection window
Wherein N is 1 ＝N 2 ＝T·f 0 Calculating the change rate R of the data in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (1) 1 And R 2 Calculating the cumulative variation B in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (2) 1 And B 2 ；
c) Calculating the change rate ratio a of the data in the adjacent time detection window as
The constraint condition of the rate of change ratio is shown in formula (3), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor a And the ratio result a obtained under the constraint condition satisfies the relation shown in the formula (5), and the accumulated change ratio b of the data in the adjacent time detection window is calculated to be ^ based on>
The constraint condition of the accumulated variation ratio is shown as formula (4), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor b The ratio b of the obtained real-time sampling frequency to the accumulated variation quantity satisfies the relation of the formula (6) under the constraint condition, and the final real-time sampling frequency is f s ＝max[f a f b ]；
f a ＝2 a-1 ·f 0 (4)
f b ＝2 b-1 ·f 0 (6)
Wherein,
is an rounding up symbol;
d) In the 3 rd time detection window, the sensor samples at the final real-time sampling frequency f s Performing an acquisition, wherein the acquired data
Calculating the number N of the acquisition points of the data in the third time detection window according to the formula (7) 3 Simultaneously calculating the change rate R of the data in the third time detection window 3 And the accumulated variation B 3 ；
N i ＝T·f s (i＝3,4,…) (7)
e) Repeating the step c), updating the values of a and b through the formulas (3) and (5), and re-determining the real-time sampling frequency f s And next sampling point number is detected in the window, the sensor determines the good sampling frequency f s The acquisition is carried out and the time T required within the current detection window is recalculated i 、R i And B i 。
The control module is connected with an external computer through an I/O interface.
The control module is connected with a wireless communication module.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sampling frequency self-adaptive adjustable data acquisition method and the device set a time detection window during specific operation, calculate the sampling data change rate and the accumulated variation in the time detection window, and process the ratio of the data change rate and the accumulated variation in the adjacent time detection windows to obtain the final real-time sampling frequency, namely when the data change is fast, the sampling frequency is increased, so that the obtained sampling data can accurately reflect the parameter change details of a measured object; when the data change is slow, the sampling frequency is reduced, and invalid big data is avoided while the system power consumption is reduced. The invention changes the contradiction that the traditional fixed sampling frequency can not give consideration to the fineness of the change of the parameter to be measured and the dynamic adjustability of the sampling frequency, and lays a foundation for the robustness of subsequent data processing.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system framework of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the sampling frequency adaptive adjustable data acquisition method according to the present invention includes the following steps:
1) Mounting and fixing a sensor, acquiring data through the sensor, and preprocessing an output analog signal of the sensor;
2) Setting the initial sampling frequency of the sensor to f 0 A maximum sampling frequency of f max And a time detection window, wherein the length of the time detection window is T, the length of the time detection window is set to be in the ith time detection window, i =1,2,3 …, and data collected by the sensor
Wherein N is i Counting the collection points of the data;
3) Sensor with initial sampling frequency f 0 Data acquisition is carried out, wherein the data acquired by the sensor in the 1 st time detection window
Data collected in the 2 nd time detection window->
Wherein N is 1 ＝N 2 ＝T·f 0 Calculating the change rate R of the data in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (1) 1 And R 2 Calculating the cumulative variation B in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (2) 1 And B 2 ；
4) Calculating the change rate ratio a of the data in the adjacent time detection window as
The constraint condition of the rate of change ratio is shown in equation (3), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor a And the ratio result a obtained under the constraint condition satisfies the relation shown in the formula (5), and the accumulated change ratio b of the data in the adjacent time detection window is calculated to be ^ based on>
The constraint condition of the ratio of the accumulated variation is shown in formula (4), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor b The ratio b of the obtained real-time sampling frequency to the accumulated variation quantity satisfies the relation of the formula (6) under the constraint condition, and the final real-time sampling frequency is f s ＝max[f a f b ]；/>
f a ＝2 a-1 ·f 0 (4)
f b ＝2 b-1 ·f 0 (6)
Wherein,
is a rounded up symbol;
5) In the 3 rd time detection window, the sensor samples the frequency f at the final real-time s Performing a collection, wherein the collected numberAccording to
Calculating the number N of the acquisition points of the data in the third time detection window according to the formula (7) 3 Simultaneously calculating the change rate R of the data in the third time detection window 3 And the accumulated variation B 3 ；
N i ＝T·f s (i＝3,4,…) (7)
6) Repeating the step 4), updating the values of a and b through the formulas (3) and (5), and re-determining the real-time sampling frequency f s And next sampling point number is detected in the window, the sensor determines the good sampling frequency f s Acquisition is performed and the time T required within the current detection window is recalculated i 、R i And B i 。
The specific process of preprocessing the output analog signal of the sensor in the step 1) is as follows: and sequentially carrying out noise reduction, amplification and filtering processing on the output analog signals of the sensor.
Referring to fig. 2, the data acquisition device with adaptive adjustable sampling frequency according to the present invention includes:
the acquisition module is used for preprocessing the output analog signal of the sensor and transmitting the acquired data to the control module;
the control module is connected with the acquisition module, wherein the specific working process of the control module is as follows:
a) Setting the initial sampling frequency of the sensor to f 0 A maximum sampling frequency of f max And a time detection window, wherein the length of the time detection window is T, the length of the time detection window is set to be in the ith time detection window, i =1,2,3 …, and data collected by the sensor
Wherein, N i Counting the number of collected data;
b) Sensor with initial sampling frequency f 0 Data acquisition is carried out, wherein the data acquired by the sensor in the 1 st time detection window
Data collected in the 2 nd time detection window
Wherein, N 1 ＝N 2 ＝T·f 0 Calculating the change rate R of the data in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (1) 1 And R 2 Calculating the cumulative variation B in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (2) 1 And B 2 ；/>
c) Calculating the change rate ratio a of the data in the adjacent time detection windows as
The constraint condition of the rate of change ratio is shown in formula (3), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor a The ratio result a obtained under the constraint condition of the sum and the sum of the sum and the ratio of the sum of the cumulative change amount of the data in the adjacent time detection window b is calculated to be->
The constraint condition of the accumulated variation ratio is shown as formula (4), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor b The ratio b of the obtained real-time sampling frequency to the accumulated variation quantity satisfies the relation of the formula (6) under the constraint condition, and the final real-time sampling frequency is f s ＝max[f a f b ]；
f a ＝2 a-1 ·f 0 (4)
f b ＝2 b-1 ·f 0 (6)
Wherein,
is an rounding up symbol;
d) In the 3 rd time detection window, the sensor samples at the final real-time sampling frequency f s Performing an acquisition, wherein the acquired data
Calculating the number N of the acquisition points of the data in the third time detection window according to the formula (7) 3 Simultaneously calculating the change rate R of the data in the third time detection window 3 And the accumulated variation B 3 ；
N i ＝T·f s (i＝3,4,…) (7)
e) Repeating the step c), updating the values of a and b through the formulas (3) and (5), and re-determining the real-time sampling frequency f s And next sampling point number is detected in the window, the sensor determines the good sampling frequency f s The acquisition is carried out and the time T required within the current detection window is recalculated i 、R i And B i 。
The control module is connected with an external computer through an I/O interface and is connected with a wireless communication module.
The control module comprises a data unit, an algorithm unit, a control unit and a configuration unit; the data unit is used for storing the data acquired by the acquisition module and the data processed by the algorithm unit and providing a sample data set for the algorithm unit; an arithmetic unit for calculating the change rate R of the sampled data in the ith (i =1,2,3 …) time window according to the sample data provided by the data unit i And the accumulated variation B i Continuously updating the values of a and b, and obtaining the corresponding real-time acquisition frequency f once updating s The processed data information is stored in a data unit and is simultaneously fed back to the control unit; a configuration unit for the user to acquire the duration and initial sampling frequency f of the acquisition module 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max The time window length T is configured, and some other settings of the device by a user can be realized through an I/O interface; the control unit is used for controlling the whole circuit operation and further controlling the work flow of the whole device by receiving the feedback of the configuration unit information; real-time adjustment of the sampling frequency f by receiving feedback information from an algorithm unit s 。
Claims (5)
1. A data acquisition method with adaptive and adjustable sampling frequency is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Installing and fixing a sensor, acquiring data through the sensor, and preprocessing an output analog signal of the sensor;
2) Setting the initial sampling frequency of the sensor to f 0 Maximum sampling frequency of f max And a time detection window, wherein the length of the time detection window is T, the length of the time detection window is set to be in the ith time detection window, i =1,2,3 …, and data collected by the sensor
Wherein N is i Counting the number of collected data;
3) Sensor with initial sampling frequency f 0 Data acquisition is carried out, wherein the data acquired by the sensor in the 1 st time detection window
Data collected in the 2 nd time detection window->
Wherein N is 1 ＝N 2 ＝T·f 0 Calculating the change rate R of the data in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (1) 1 And R 2 Calculating the cumulative variation B in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (2) 1 And B 2 ；
4) Calculating the change rate ratio a of the data in the adjacent time detection windows as
The constraint condition of the rate of change ratio is shown in formula (3), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor a And the ratio result a obtained under the constraint condition satisfies the relation shown in the formula (5), and the accumulated change ratio b of the data in the adjacent time detection window is calculated to be ^ based on>
The constraint condition of the accumulated variation ratio is shown as formula (4), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor b The ratio b of the obtained real-time sampling frequency to the accumulated variation quantity satisfies the relation of the formula (6) under the constraint condition, and the final real-time sampling frequency is f s ＝max[f a f b ]；
f a ＝2 a-1 ·f 0 (4)
f b ＝2 b-1 ·f 0 (6)
Wherein,
is a rounded up symbol;
5) In the 3 rd time detection window, the sensor samples at the final real-time sampling frequency f s Performing an acquisition, wherein the acquired data
Calculating the number N of the acquisition points of the data in the third time detection window according to the formula (7) 3 Simultaneously calculating the change rate R of the data in the third time detection window 3 And the accumulated variation B 3 ；
N i ＝T·f s (i＝3,4,…) (7)
6) Repeating the step 4), updating the values of a and b through the formulas (3) and (5), and re-determining the real-time sampling frequency f s And next sampling point number is detected in the window, the sensor determines the good sampling frequency f s The acquisition is carried out and the time T required within the current detection window is recalculated i 、R i And B i 。
2. The data acquisition method with the adaptive and adjustable sampling frequency according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of preprocessing the output analog signal of the sensor in the step 1) is as follows: and sequentially carrying out noise reduction, amplification and filtering processing on the output analog signals of the sensor.
3. A sampling frequency self-adaptive adjustable data acquisition device is characterized by comprising:
the acquisition module is used for preprocessing the output analog signal of the sensor and transmitting the acquired data to the control module;
the control module is connected with the acquisition module, wherein the specific working process of the control module is as follows:
a) Setting the initial sampling frequency of the sensor to f 0 Maximum sampling frequency of f max And a time detection window, wherein the length of the time detection window is T, the length of the time detection window is set in the ith time detection window, i =1,2,3 …, and data acquired by the sensor
Wherein N is i Counting the number of collected data;
b) Sensor with initial sampling frequency f 0 Data acquisition is carried out, wherein the data acquired by the sensor in the 1 st time detection window
Data collected in the 2 nd time detection window->
Wherein N is 1 ＝N 2 ＝T·f 0 Calculating the change rate R of the data in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (1) 1 And R 2 Calculating the cumulative variation B in the 1 st time detection window and the 2 nd time detection window by formula (2) 1 And B 2 ；
c) Calculating the change rate ratio a of the data in the adjacent time detection windows as
The constraint condition of the rate of change ratio is shown in formula (3), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor a The ratio result a obtained under the constraint condition satisfies the relation shown in the formula (5), and the accumulative variation of the data in the adjacent time detection window is calculatedThe differentiation quantity ratio b is->
The constraint condition of the accumulated variation ratio is shown as formula (4), and the sampling frequency f of the sensor b The ratio b of the obtained real-time sampling frequency to the accumulated variation quantity satisfies the relation of the formula (6) under the constraint condition, and the final real-time sampling frequency is f s ＝max[f a f b ]；
f a ＝2 a-1 ·f 0 (4)
f b ＝2 b-1 ·f 0 (6)
Wherein,
is an rounding up symbol;
d) In the 3 rd time detection window, the sensor samples at the final real-time sampling frequency f s Performing an acquisition, wherein the acquired data
Calculating the number N of the acquisition points of the data in the third time detection window according to the formula (7) 3 Simultaneously calculating the change rate R of the data in the third time detection window 3 And the accumulated variation B 3 ；
N i ＝T·f s (i＝3,4,…) (7)
e) Repeating the step c), updating the values of a and b through the formulas (3) and (5), and re-determining the real-time sampling frequency f s And the next sampling point number is detected in the window, the sensor anddetermining a good sampling frequency f s The acquisition is carried out and the time T required within the current detection window is recalculated i 、R i And B i 。
4. The adaptive adjustable sampling frequency data acquisition device according to claim 3, wherein the control module is connected with an external computer through an I/O interface.
5. The data acquisition device with the adaptively adjustable sampling frequency as claimed in claim 3, wherein the control module is connected with a wireless communication module.
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| CN112460742B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-11-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Control method and device of sensor, storage medium and processor |
| CN115265629A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-01 | 深圳市谷粒科技有限公司 | Dynamic sampling method and device of analog sensor |
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| CN115251957A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-11-01 | 深圳市心流科技有限公司 | Method, device and storage medium for adjusting sampling frequency step by step |
| CN115777632A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2023-03-14 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Silkworm hybridization combination optimization method |
| CN117909660A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-04-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data processing method, device, system and readable storage medium |
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