CN111769819B - Sampling frequency self-adaptive adjustable data acquisition method and system - Google Patents
Sampling frequency self-adaptive adjustable data acquisition method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sampling frequency self-adaptive adjustable data acquisition method, which comprises the following steps: 1) Setting acquisition duration and initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting the length of a window; 2) According to the acquisition duration, the initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max The detection window length generates a control signal; 3) Generating an excitation signal according to the control signal, and sending the excitation signal to a sensor; 4) The sensor collects data according to the excitation signal and outputs an analog signal; 5) The method and the system can sample the output signal of the sensor through the self-adaptive sampling frequency adjustment, dynamically reflect the real change condition of the measured target in real time and have higher data measurement effectiveness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering monitoring, and relates to a sampling frequency self-adaptive adjustable data acquisition method and system.
Background
Along with the continuous development of science and technology, the sensor has very wide application prospect and is widely applied to the fields of industry, military, electric appliances and the like. The data acquisition device of the sensor is also developed towards the direction of intelligence, micromation and multifunction. The traditional sensor data acquisition device has single function, particularly the sampling frequency can not be dynamically adjusted according to the change of a data source, so that the monitoring data can not reflect the real-time change condition of a measured target in real time, and hidden danger of information deletion is brought to subsequent data processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a data acquisition method and system with self-adaptive and adjustable sampling frequency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the sampling frequency self-adaptive adjustable data acquisition method of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) Setting acquisition duration and initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting the length of a window;
2) According to the acquisition duration, the initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting window length, amplitude of excitation signal and period to generate control signal;
3) Generating an excitation signal according to the control signal, and sending the excitation signal to a sensor;
4) The sensor works according to the excitation signal and outputs an analog signal;
5) Preprocessing an analog signal output by a sensor, and adopting an adaptive sampling frequency adjusting algorithm to adjust the sampling frequency in real time for data acquisition.
The specific process of preprocessing the analog signals output by the sensor in the step 5) is as follows: and carrying out noise reduction, amplification and filtering processing on the analog signals output by the sensor.
The specific operation of the step 5) is as follows:
51 Noise reduction, amplification and filtering treatment are carried out on the analog signals output by the sensor;
52 Setting the length of the sampling point detection window as N, setting the acquisition time as T in the ith (i=1, 2,3 and …) sampling point detection window i Collected data X i ＝[x i (1),x i (2),…x i (N)]At an initial sampling frequency f 0 Beginning to collect, and collecting data X in the 1 st sampling point number detection window 1 ＝[x 1 (1),x 1 (2),…x 1 (N)]Within the 2 nd sampling point detection window, the collected data X 2 ＝[x 2 (1),x 2 (2),…x 2 (N)]Wherein the acquisition time isCalculating the change rate R of data in the 1 st sampling point detection window and the 2 nd sampling point detection window through the method (1) 1 R is R 2 Calculating the accumulated change B in the 1 st sampling point detection window and the 2 nd sampling point detection window through (2) 1 B (B) 2 ；
B i ＝|x i (2)-x i (1)|+|x i (3)-x i (2)|+…+|x i (N)-x i (N-1)| (2)
53 A ratio of a rate of change of data within adjacent sampling point detection windows isLet (3) be the constraint, the sampling frequency f a The relation with the ratio result a obtained under the corresponding constraint condition satisfies the formula (5), wherein ∈>To round up the sign, the cumulative variation ratio of the data in the adjacent sampling point detection window is +.>The constraint is shown in the formula (4), the sampling frequency f b The ratio result b obtained under the corresponding constraint condition meets the relation shown in the formula (6), and the adjusted real-time sampling frequency is f s ＝max[f a f b ]；
f a ＝2 a-1 ·f 0 (4)
f b ＝2 b-1 ·f 0 (6)
54 In the 3 rd sampling point detection window, at the sampling frequency f s Collecting data X 3 ＝[x 3 (1),x 3 (2),…x 3 (N)]The acquisition time T used for the method is calculated according to the formula (7) 3 Calculating the change rate R of the data in the 3 rd sampling point number detection window by the formula (1) 3 The accumulated change B of the data in the 3 rd sampling point detection window is obtained through the formula (2) 3 ；
55 Repeating step 53), updating the values of a and b by the formulas (3) and (5), and re-determining the real-time sampling frequency f s And the next sampling point number detection window, the sensor determines the good sampling frequency f s Acquisition is performed and the time T required within the current detection window is recalculated i 、R i B (B) i 。
The data acquisition system with the self-adaptive adjustable sampling frequency comprises:
an input module for setting acquisition duration and initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting the length of a window;
the excitation module is used for generating an excitation signal according to the control signal and sending the excitation signal to the sensor;
the acquisition module is used for working according to the excitation signal through the sensor and outputting an analog signal;
the intelligent control module is connected with the excitation module, the acquisition module and the input module and is used for acquiring the duration time and the initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting window length, amplitude and period of excitation signal to generate control signal, and sending the control signal to excitation module; and meanwhile, preprocessing an analog signal output by the sensor, and adopting an adaptive sampling frequency adjusting algorithm to adjust the sampling frequency in real time for data acquisition.
The intelligent control system further comprises a wireless communication module for communication between the intelligent control module and external equipment.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the sampling frequency self-adaptive adjustable data acquisition method and system are specifically operated, the sampling data change rate and the accumulated change amount in the sampling point number detection window are calculated, the corresponding processing is carried out on the ratio of the data change rate to the accumulated change amount in the adjacent time window through the sliding time window, so that the real-time sampling frequency is adjusted, namely, when the data change is faster, the sampling frequency is increased, and thus the obtained sampling data can accurately reflect the parameter change details of a measured object; when the data change is slower, the sampling frequency is reduced, the system power consumption is reduced, invalid large data is avoided, the contradiction that the traditional fixed sampling frequency cannot give consideration to the fineness of the parameter change to be measured and the dynamic adjustable sampling frequency is changed, and a foundation is laid for the robustness of subsequent data processing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
the sampling frequency self-adaptive adjustable data acquisition method comprises the following steps:
1) Setting acquisition duration and initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting the length of a window;
2) According to the acquisition duration, the initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting window length, amplitude of excitation signal and period to generate control signal;
3) Generating an excitation signal according to the control signal, and sending the excitation signal to a sensor;
4) The sensor works according to the excitation signal and outputs an analog signal;
5) Preprocessing an analog signal output by a sensor, and adopting an adaptive sampling frequency adjusting algorithm to adjust the sampling frequency in real time for data acquisition.
The specific process of preprocessing the analog signals output by the sensor in the step 5) is as follows: and carrying out noise reduction, amplification and filtering processing on the analog signals output by the sensor.
The specific operation of the step 5) is as follows:
51 Noise reduction, amplification and filtering treatment are carried out on the analog signals output by the sensor;
52 Setting the length of the sampling point detection window as N, setting the acquisition time as T in the ith (i=1, 2,3 and …) sampling point detection window i Collected data X i ＝[x i (1),x i (2),…x i (N)]At an initial sampling frequency f 0 Beginning to collect, and collecting data X in the 1 st sampling point number detection window 1 ＝[x 1 (1),x 1 (2),…x 1 (N)]Within the 2 nd sampling point detection window, the collected data X 2 ＝[x 2 (1),x 2 (2),…x 2 (N)]Wherein the acquisition time isCalculating the change rate R of data in the 1 st sampling point detection window and the 2 nd sampling point detection window through the method (1) 1 R is R 2 Calculating the accumulated change B in the 1 st sampling point detection window and the 2 nd sampling point detection window through (2) 1 B (B) 2 ；
B i ＝|x i (2)-x i (1)|+|x i (3)-x i (2)|+…+|x i (N)-x i (N-1)| (2)
53 A ratio of a rate of change of data within adjacent sampling point detection windows isLet (3) be the constraint, the sampling frequency f a The relation with the ratio result a obtained under the corresponding constraint condition satisfies the formula (5), wherein ∈>To round up the sign, the cumulative variation ratio of the data in the adjacent sampling point detection window is +.>The constraint is shown in the formula (4), the sampling frequency f b The ratio result b obtained under the corresponding constraint condition meets the relation shown in the formula (6), and the adjusted real-time sampling frequency is f s ＝max[f a f b ]；
f a ＝2 a - 1 ·f 0 (4)
f b ＝2 b-1 ·f 0 (6)
54 In the 3 rd sampling point detection window, at the sampling frequency f s Collecting, collectingData X 3 ＝[x 3 (1),x 3 (2),…x 3 (N)]The acquisition time T used for the method is calculated according to the formula (7) 3 Calculating the change rate R of the data in the 3 rd sampling point number detection window by the formula (1) 3 The accumulated change B of the data in the 3 rd sampling point detection window is obtained through the formula (2) 3 ；
55 Repeating step 53), updating the values of a and b by the formulas (3) and (5), and re-determining the real-time sampling frequency f s And the next sampling point number detection window, the sensor determines the good sampling frequency f s Acquisition is performed and the time T required within the current detection window is recalculated i 、R i B (B) i 。
Referring to fig. 1, the sampling frequency adaptive adjustable data acquisition system according to the present invention includes:
an input module for setting acquisition duration and initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting the length of a window;
the excitation module is used for generating an excitation signal according to the control signal and sending the excitation signal to the sensor;
the acquisition module is used for working according to the excitation signal through the sensor and outputting an analog signal;
the intelligent control module is connected with the excitation module, the acquisition module and the input module and is used for acquiring the duration time and the initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting window length, amplitude and period of excitation signal to generate control signal, and sending the control signal to excitation module; and meanwhile, preprocessing an analog signal output by the sensor, and adopting an adaptive sampling frequency adjusting algorithm to adjust the sampling frequency in real time for data acquisition.
The invention also comprises a wireless communication module for communicating between the intelligent control module and the external equipment, wherein the wireless communication module can select communication modes such as WI-FI, zigbee, mobile communication and the like according to actual requirements.
The excitation module comprises excitation generation, amplification and level conversion functions, and the working state of excitation can be adaptively adjusted under the intelligent control module; the acquisition module comprises low noise amplification, filtering, level conversion, digital-to-analog conversion and temporary storage functions; the excitation module is respectively connected with the sensor and the intelligent control module, the acquisition module is connected with the sensor, and the intelligent control module controls the excitation module and the acquisition module by sending a command; the intelligent control module comprises a control unit, a data processing unit and a configuration unit.
Claims (4)
1. The data acquisition method with the self-adaptive adjustable sampling frequency is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Setting acquisition duration and initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting the length of a window;
2) According to the acquisition duration, the initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting window length, amplitude of excitation signal and period to generate control signal;
3) Generating an excitation signal according to the control signal, and sending the excitation signal to a sensor;
4) The sensor works according to the excitation signal and outputs an analog signal;
5) Preprocessing an analog signal output by a sensor, and adopting a self-adaptive sampling frequency adjusting algorithm to adjust the sampling frequency in real time for data acquisition;
the specific operation of the step 5) is as follows:
51 Noise reduction, amplification and filtering treatment are carried out on the analog signals output by the sensor;
52 Setting the length of the sampling point detection window as N, setting the acquisition time as T in the ith (i=1, 2,3 and …) sampling point detection window i Collected data X i ＝[x i (1),x i (2),…x i (N)]At an initial sampling frequency f 0 Start acquisition, at 1 stWithin the sampling point number detection window, the collected data X 1 ＝[x 1 (1),x 1 (2),…x 1 (N)]Within the 2 nd sampling point detection window, the collected data X 2 ＝[x 2 (1),x 2 (2),…x 2 (N)]Wherein the acquisition time isCalculating the change rate R of data in the 1 st sampling point detection window and the 2 nd sampling point detection window through the method (1) 1 R is R 2 Calculating the accumulated change B in the 1 st sampling point detection window and the 2 nd sampling point detection window through (2) 1 B (B) 2 ；
B i ＝|x i (2)-x i (1)|+|x i (3)-x i (2)|+…+|x i (N)-x i (N-1)| (2)
53 A ratio of a rate of change of data within adjacent sampling point detection windows isLet (3) be the constraint, the sampling frequency f a The relation with the ratio result a obtained under the corresponding constraint condition satisfies the formula (5), wherein ∈>To round up the sign, the cumulative variation ratio of the data in the adjacent sampling point detection window is +.>The constraint is shown in the formula (4), the sampling frequency f b The ratio result b obtained under the corresponding constraint condition meets the relation shown in the formula (6), and the adjusted real-time sampling frequency is f s ＝max[f a f b ]；
f a ＝2 a-1 ·f 0 (4)
f b ＝2 b-1 ·f 0 (6)
54 In the 3 rd sampling point detection window, at the sampling frequency f s Collecting data X 3 ＝[x 3 (1),x 3 (2),…x 3 (N)]The acquisition time T used for the method is calculated according to the formula (7) 3 Calculating the change rate R of the data in the 3 rd sampling point number detection window by the formula (1) 3 The accumulated change B of the data in the 3 rd sampling point detection window is obtained through the formula (2) 3 ；
55 Repeating step 53), updating the values of a and b by the formulas (3) and (5), and re-determining the real-time sampling frequency f s And the next sampling point number detection window, the sensor determines the good sampling frequency f s Acquisition is performed and the time T required within the current detection window is recalculated i 、R i B (B) i 。
2. The data acquisition method with adaptively adjustable sampling frequency according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of preprocessing the analog signal output by the sensor in step 5) is as follows: and carrying out noise reduction, amplification and filtering processing on the analog signals output by the sensor.
3. A data acquisition system with adaptively adjustable sampling frequency, comprising:
an input module for setting acquisition duration and initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting the length of a window;
the excitation module is used for generating an excitation signal according to the control signal and sending the excitation signal to the sensor;
the acquisition module is used for working according to the excitation signal through the sensor and outputting an analog signal;
the intelligent control module is connected with the excitation module, the acquisition module and the input module and is used for acquiring the duration time and the initial sampling frequency f 0 Maximum sampling frequency f max Detecting window length, amplitude and period of excitation signal to generate control signal, and sending the control signal to excitation module; preprocessing an analog signal output by a sensor, and adopting a self-adaptive sampling frequency adjusting algorithm to adjust the sampling frequency in real time for data acquisition;
the working process of the intelligent control module is as follows:
51 Noise reduction, amplification and filtering treatment are carried out on the analog signals output by the sensor;
52 Setting the length of the sampling point detection window as N, setting the acquisition time as T in the ith (i=1, 2,3 and …) sampling point detection window i Collected data X i ＝[x i (1),x i (2),…x i (N)]At an initial sampling frequency f 0 Beginning to collect, and collecting data X in the 1 st sampling point number detection window 1 ＝[x 1 (1),x 1 (2),…x 1 (N)]Within the 2 nd sampling point detection window, the collected data X 2 ＝[x 2 (1),x 2 (2),…x 2 (N)]Wherein the acquisition time isCalculating data in a 1 st sampling point number detection window and a 2 nd sampling point number detection window through (1)Rate of change R 1 R is R 2 Calculating the accumulated change B in the 1 st sampling point detection window and the 2 nd sampling point detection window through (2) 1 B (B) 2 ；
B i ＝|x i (2)-x i (1)|+|x i (3)-x i (2)|+…+|x i (N)-x i (N-1)| (2)
53 A ratio of a rate of change of data within adjacent sampling point detection windows isLet (3) be the constraint, the sampling frequency f a The relation with the ratio result a obtained under the corresponding constraint condition satisfies the formula (5), wherein ∈>To round up the sign, the cumulative variation ratio of the data in the adjacent sampling point detection window is +.>The constraint is shown in the formula (4), the sampling frequency f b The ratio result b obtained under the corresponding constraint condition meets the relation shown in the formula (6), and the adjusted real-time sampling frequency is f s ＝max[f a f b ]；
f a ＝2 a-1 ·f 0 (4)
f b ＝2 b-1 ·f 0 (6)
54 In the 3 rd sampling point detection window, at the sampling frequency f s Collecting data X 3 ＝[x 3 (1),x 3 (2),…x 3 (N)]The acquisition time T used for the method is calculated according to the formula (7) 3 Calculating the change rate R of the data in the 3 rd sampling point number detection window by the formula (1) 3 The accumulated change B of the data in the 3 rd sampling point detection window is obtained through the formula (2) 3 ；
55 Repeating step 53), updating the values of a and b by the formulas (3) and (5), and re-determining the real-time sampling frequency f s And the next sampling point number detection window, the sensor determines the good sampling frequency f s Acquisition is performed and the time T required within the current detection window is recalculated i 、R i B (B) i 。
4. The data acquisition system with adaptively adjustable sampling frequency as in claim 3, further comprising a wireless communication module for communication between the intelligent control module and an external device.
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| CN110907868B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2022-09-02 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Giant magneto-impedance sensor probe excitation and signal acquisition synchronization method and system and giant magneto-impedance sensor |
| CN112231353B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2023-05-23 | 中电工业互联网有限公司 | Data acquisition method and system |
| CN112698151A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-23 | 广东电网有限责任公司梅州供电局 | Fault management method, device and system for plant station |
| CN112461376B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2024-05-24 | 爱沃泰科技(深圳)有限公司 | Adaptive infrared sensor signal sampling algorithm |
| CN112817250A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 深圳市翌日科技有限公司 | Sensor data acquisition method and circuit |
| CN117909660A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-04-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data processing method, device, system and readable storage medium |
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