CN106130495A - A kind of collection of simulant signal system and acquisition method - Google Patents

A kind of collection of simulant signal system and acquisition method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106130495A
CN106130495A CN201610496427.4A CN201610496427A CN106130495A CN 106130495 A CN106130495 A CN 106130495A CN 201610496427 A CN201610496427 A CN 201610496427A CN 106130495 A CN106130495 A CN 106130495A
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China
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digital
analog signal
gain
signal
analog
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CN201610496427.4A
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孙亮
王松柏
王毅
何烽光
刘正勇
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Hefei Sineva Intelligent Machine Co Ltd
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Hefei Sineva Intelligent Machine Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610496427.4A priority Critical patent/CN106130495A/en
Publication of CN106130495A publication Critical patent/CN106130495A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03GCONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G3/00Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
    • H03G3/20Automatic control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/66Digital/analogue converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analogue/Digital Conversion (AREA)

Abstract

The open a kind of collection of simulant signal system of the present invention and acquisition method, relate to electronic technology field, for realizing the accurate acquisition of the analogue signal unknown to amplitude excursion.This collection of simulant signal system includes adjustable gain amplifying unit, AD conversion unit and control unit;Adjustable gain amplifying unit is for amplifying analogue signal to be measured and obtaining target simulation signal;AD conversion unit is for being converted to digital signal by target simulation signal;Control unit is used for judging that digital signal is whether in the range of goal-selling, when digital signal is not in the range of goal-selling, control unit is for regulating the gain coefficient of adjustable gain amplifying unit, to obtain the digital signal in the range of goal-selling, then by target data output corresponding for the digital signal in the range of goal-selling.The collection of simulant signal system that the present invention provides is used for gathering analogue signal.

Description

Analog signal acquisition system and acquisition method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to an analog signal acquisition system and an analog signal acquisition method.
Background
Analog signals are signals in which the information parameters are represented as continuous signals in a given range, and the concept of such analog signals is often used to describe parameters in the field of electronics, such as: voltage signals and current signals, etc. In the prior art, an analog signal acquisition system is used for acquiring the analog signal, and the acquisition process generally comprises the following steps: the amplifying circuit in the analog signal acquisition system amplifies the analog signal, the amplified analog signal is converted into a digital signal through the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and then the digital signal is correspondingly calculated to obtain final target data, so that the acquisition of the analog signal is completed.
When designing an amplifying circuit in an analog signal acquisition system, the amplitude range of an analog signal to be acquired needs to be estimated, and the gain coefficient of the amplifying circuit is designed based on the estimated amplitude range of the analog signal, so that the gain coefficient of the amplifying circuit is a fixed value after the design is finished; under the condition, when the amplitude of the analog signal to be acquired is smaller, the amplitude of the analog signal amplified by the amplifying circuit may still be smaller, so that the phenomenon that the signal-to-noise ratio of the analog signal acquisition system is too low is easily caused, the conversion capability of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit cannot be fully utilized, and the sampling precision of the analog signal acquisition system is lost; when the amplitude of the analog signal to be acquired is large, the analog signal amplified by the amplifying circuit may exceed the maximum conversion range of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, so that a real sampling result cannot be obtained, and a serious measurement error occurs. Therefore, the gain coefficient of the amplifying circuit in the existing analog signal acquisition system cannot be dynamically adjusted according to actual needs, so that the existing analog signal acquisition system cannot accurately acquire the analog signal with unknown amplitude variation range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an analog signal acquisition system and an analog signal acquisition method, which are used for accurately acquiring an analog signal with unknown amplitude variation range.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of the present invention provides an analog signal acquisition system comprising: the gain adjustable amplification unit, the analog-to-digital conversion unit and the control unit; wherein,
the gain-adjustable amplifying unit is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion unit and the control unit, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected with the control unit;
the gain adjustable amplifying unit is used for amplifying the analog signal to be detected and obtaining a target analog signal;
the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the target analog signal into a digital signal;
the control unit is used for judging whether the digital signal is in a preset target range or not, and when the digital signal is in the preset target range, the control unit is used for outputting target data corresponding to the digital signal; when the digital signal is not in the preset target range, the control unit is configured to adjust a gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit to obtain the digital signal in the preset target range, and then output target data corresponding to the digital signal in the preset target range.
Based on the above technical solution of the analog signal acquisition system, a second aspect of the present invention provides an analog signal acquisition method, including the following steps:
step 101, amplifying an analog signal to be detected by a gain adjustable amplifying unit in an analog signal acquisition system to obtain a target analog signal;
102, converting the target analog signal into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital conversion unit in an analog signal acquisition system;
103, judging whether the digital signal is in a preset target range by a control unit in the analog signal acquisition system, and outputting target data corresponding to the digital signal by the control unit when the digital signal is in the preset target range to finish acquisition of the analog signal; when the digital signal is not within the preset target range, executing step 104;
and step 104, the control unit adjusts the gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit, and then the steps 101 to 103 are executed again.
In the analog signal acquisition system provided by the invention, the gain-adjustable amplification unit can amplify an analog signal to be detected and obtain a target analog signal; the analog-to-digital conversion unit can convert a target analog signal into a digital signal; the control unit can judge whether the digital signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion unit is within a preset target range, and when the digital signal is within the preset target range, the control unit directly outputs target data corresponding to the digital signal; when the digital signal is not in the preset target range, the control unit can adjust the gain coefficient of the gain adjustable amplification unit to enable the gain adjustable amplification unit to amplify the analog signal to be detected in a proper proportion, so that the digital signal obtained after conversion by the analog-to-digital conversion unit is ensured to be in the preset target range, and the control unit outputs target data corresponding to the digital signal in the preset target range; therefore, the analog signal acquisition system provided by the invention can adjust the gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit in real time according to whether the digital signal is in the preset target range, so that the analog signal acquisition system can acquire the signal with continuously changed amplitude and unknown change range at high performance; the problems that when the amplitude of the analog signal to be detected is small, the signal-to-noise ratio of the analog signal acquisition system is too low, and the conversion capability of the analog-to-digital conversion unit cannot be fully utilized are solved; meanwhile, the problem that when the amplitude of the analog signal to be detected is large, the target analog signal exceeds the maximum conversion range of the analog-to-digital conversion unit, so that a real sampling result cannot be obtained is solved; the accurate acquisition of the analog signals with unknown amplitude variation range is well ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an analog signal acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gain-adjustable amplifying unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of an analog signal acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-gain adjustable amplifying unit, 2-analog-to-digital converting unit,
3-a control unit, 4-a filtering unit,
5-digital potentiometer, 6-operational amplifier,
7-a digital communication interface, 8-an adjustable resistor,
9-signal input interface and 10-signal output interface.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the analog signal acquisition system and the acquisition method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the following description is made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an analog signal acquisition system provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a gain adjustable amplification unit 1, an analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 and a control unit 3; the gain-adjustable amplifying unit 1 is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 and the control unit 3, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 is connected with the control unit 3; the gain adjustable amplification unit 1 is used for amplifying the analog signal to be detected and obtaining a target analog signal; the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 is used for converting the target analog signal into a digital signal; the control unit 3 is used for judging whether the digital signal is in a preset target range, and when the digital signal is in the preset target range, the control unit 3 is used for outputting target data corresponding to the digital signal; when the digital signal is not within the preset target range, the control unit 3 is configured to adjust a gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 to obtain the digital signal within the preset target range, and then output target data corresponding to the digital signal within the preset target range.
The working process of the analog signal acquisition system is as follows: firstly, setting an initial gain coefficient for a gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 (the initial gain coefficient is generally set according to experience), receiving an analog signal to be detected by the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1, and amplifying the analog signal to be detected according to the initial gain coefficient to obtain a target analog signal; then, the target analog signal is transmitted to an analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 by a gain adjustable amplification unit 1, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 converts the target analog signal into a digital signal; then the digital signal is transmitted to the control unit 3 by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2, the control unit 3 judges whether the received digital signal is in a preset target range, and when the digital signal is in the preset target range, the control unit 3 outputs target data corresponding to the digital signal to finish the acquisition of the analog signal; when the digital signal is not in the preset target range, the control unit 3 adjusts the gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1, so that the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 can amplify the analog signal to be detected in a proper proportion and obtain a corresponding target analog signal, the target analog signal is converted by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 to obtain a corresponding digital signal, the control unit 3 determines the step to be executed next step according to the judgment result of the digital signal, and when the digital signal obtained after gain adjustment is in the preset target range, the control unit 3 outputs the target data corresponding to the digital signal, namely, the sampling of the analog signal is completed; when the digital signal obtained after the gain adjustment is still not within the preset target range, the process of adjusting the gain coefficient is repeatedly executed until the digital signal within the preset target range is obtained.
According to the specific structure and working process of the analog signal acquisition system, the analog signal acquisition system provided by the embodiment of the invention can adjust the gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 in real time according to whether the digital signal is in the preset target range or not, so that the digital signal obtained after being converted by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 is in the preset target range, and target data corresponding to the digital signal in the preset target range is output as a final sampling result; the analog signal acquisition system is well ensured to acquire signals with continuously changing amplitude values and unknown change ranges at high performance, and target data output by the analog signal acquisition system each time has high signal-to-noise ratio and resolution; the problems that when the amplitude of the analog signal to be detected is small, the signal-to-noise ratio of the analog signal acquisition system is too low, and the conversion capability of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 cannot be fully utilized are solved; meanwhile, the problem that when the amplitude of the analog signal to be detected is large, the target analog signal exceeds the maximum conversion range of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2, so that a real sampling result cannot be obtained is solved; the accurate acquisition of the analog signals with unknown amplitude variation range is well ensured.
It should be noted that, before outputting the target data, the control unit 3 needs to calculate the target data (the measured value of the analog signal to be measured) according to the digital signal within the preset target range and the gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 corresponding to the digital signal, and a specific calculation process is the prior art and is not described herein again. In addition, the preset target range can be set according to the experience of workers, and is generally set to be 75% -99% of the maximum processing level of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2, the amplitude of the digital signal in the range is high enough, the conversion capability of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 can be fully utilized, the analog signal acquisition system is ensured to have higher signal-to-noise ratio, and the sampling precision of the analog signal acquisition system is improved; moreover, the digital signal in the range does not exceed the maximum conversion range of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2, and the sampling precision of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 can be fully utilized, so that the final conversion result has higher resolution; therefore, the sampling results outside the preset target range can be regarded as non-ideal sampling results.
The gain-adjustable amplifying unit 1 provided in the above embodiment may have various structures, and a specific structure is given below to describe the operation of the gain-adjustable amplifying unit 1 in detail, which is not limited to the given structure. Referring to fig. 2, the gain-adjustable amplifying unit 1 includes a digital potentiometer 5 and an operational amplifier 6 connected to each other, i.e., a proportional amplifying circuit composed of the digital potentiometer 5 and the operational amplifier 6; the digital potentiometer 5 is connected with the control unit 3, a first input end of the operational amplifier 6 is used for inputting an analog signal to be detected, and an output end of the operational amplifier 6 is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2.
Specifically, a first input end of the operational amplifier 6 is connected to the signal input interface 9, and an output end of the operational amplifier 6 is connected to the signal output interface 10; when sampling the analog signal, the analog signal to be detected is input to the first input end of the operational amplifier 6 through the signal input interface 9 and is input into the operational amplifier 6 through the first input end, the operational amplifier 6 amplifies the analog signal to be detected according to the gain coefficient and obtains a target analog signal, and the target analog signal is output from the operational amplifier 6 to the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 through the signal output interface 10 from the output end of the operational amplifier 6 so as to be subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2. When the control unit 3 detects that the digital signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 is not within the preset target range, the control unit 3 adjusts the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6 through the digital potentiometer 5 so that the operational amplifier 6 can amplify the analog signal to be measured with a more appropriate gain coefficient.
Because the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 with the structure only comprises the digital potentiometer 5 and the operational amplifier 6, and the control unit 3 can realize the adjustment of the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6 through the digital potentiometer 5, the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 has a simple structure, an analog signal acquisition system adopting the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 has low manufacturing cost and high integration level of the system, the gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 can be adjusted at any time, and the flexibility of the analog signal acquisition system is also improved; in addition, the control unit 3 adjusts the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6 through the digital potentiometer 5, and can adjust the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6 for multiple times until a digital signal within a preset target range is obtained, so that the analog signal acquisition system can accurately acquire an analog signal with an unknown amplitude variation range.
Furthermore, the digital potentiometer 5 comprises a digital communication interface 7 and an adjustable resistor 8 which are connected; the digital communication interface 7 is connected with the control unit 3, a vernier pin of the adjustable resistor 8 is connected with a second input end of the operational amplifier 6, a first fixed pin of the adjustable resistor 8 is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier 6, and a second fixed pin of the adjustable resistor 8 is connected with a power supply cathode VSS. Based on the digital potentiometer 5 with such a structure, the control unit 3 can read the position of the cursor pin of the adjustable resistor 8 through the digital communication interface 7, and can change the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 8 by setting the position of the cursor pin of the adjustable resistor 8 through the digital communication interface 7, thereby realizing the adjustment of the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6.
The adjustable resistor 8 included in the digital potentiometer 5 is connected with the operational amplifier 6, and the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 8; therefore, no extra resistor needs to be introduced into the digital potentiometer 5, and the low structural complexity of the analog signal acquisition system of the digital potentiometer 5 adopting the structure is ensured.
The digital potentiometer 5 provided in the above embodiment may be generally classified into two types according to the type of the digital communication interface 7 used therein, one type is the digital potentiometer 5 using an integrated circuit bus interface or a serial peripheral interface, and the other type is the digital potentiometer 5 using a pulse type interface.
When the digital potentiometer 5 with an integrated circuit bus interface or a serial peripheral interface is selected, the control unit 3 calculates a gain coefficient to be adjusted by the operational amplifier 6, and controls the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 8 through the integrated circuit bus interface or the serial peripheral interface based on the gain coefficient to be adjusted; under the condition, when the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 8 is adjusted, the position of a cursor pin of the adjustable resistor 8 can be set in a crossing mode, namely, the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6 can be adjusted in a crossing mode without being limited by the gain adjustment step length, and the response speed of the analog signal acquisition system is well improved.
When the digital potentiometer 5 with the pulse type interface is selected, the control unit 3 calculates the gain coefficient which is required to be adjusted by the operational amplifier 6, and controls the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 8 through the pulse type interface based on the gain coefficient which is required to be adjusted; in this case, the pulse signal is used to adjust the position of the cursor pin of the adjustable resistor 8, and the resistance between the cursor pin and the fixed pin is controlled to be continuously changed, so that the adjustment of the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6 can be realized.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 2, the operational amplifier 6 may have various connection modes in practical use, such as: the positive phase input end of the operational amplifier 6 is used as a first input end, the negative phase input end of the operational amplifier 6 is used as a second input end, and the operational amplifier 6 is respectively connected with a power supply positive electrode VCC and a power supply negative electrode VSS; of course, the connection method is not limited to this, and when the analog signal to be measured is input to the operational amplifier 6 through the signal input interface 9, the analog signal to be measured may be input to the operational amplifier from the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 6 or may be input to the operational amplifier 6 from the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 6 according to actual conditions.
Referring to fig. 1, the analog signal acquisition system provided in the above embodiment further includes a filtering unit 4, and the filtering unit 4 is connected to the first input terminal of the operational amplifier 6 through a signal input interface 9. The filtering unit 4 is used for filtering the analog signal to be detected, namely filtering the noise of the analog signal to be detected, and the analog signal to be detected after being filtered by the filtering unit 4 is input into the operational amplifier 6, so that the interference of the noise on the analog signal to be detected is well avoided, and the final analog signal sampling result is more accurate. It is noted that the filter circuit included in the filter unit 4 is of various kinds, for example: the active filter circuit and the passive filter circuit are preferably based on the operational amplifier 6, and the active filter circuit can well filter out harmonic waves, is rapid in reaction action and can well compensate reactive power. In addition, when the filter circuit is selected, a low-pass filter circuit, a high-pass filter circuit or a band-pass filter circuit matched with the analog signal to be detected can be selected according to the characteristics of the analog signal to be detected.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an analog signal acquisition method, which is implemented by the analog signal acquisition system provided in the foregoing embodiment, and specifically includes the following steps:
step 101, amplifying the analog signal to be detected by a gain adjustable amplifying unit 1 in the analog signal acquisition system to obtain a target analog signal.
102, an analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 in the analog signal acquisition system converts a target analog signal into a digital signal; more specifically, the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 samples the amplified analog signal, converts the sampled analog signal into a digital quantity (digital signal), and transmits the digital quantity to the control unit 3.
103, judging whether the digital signal is in a preset target range by a control unit 3 in the analog signal acquisition system, and outputting target data corresponding to the digital signal by the control unit 3 when the digital signal is in the preset target range to finish acquisition of the analog signal; when the digital signal is not within the preset target range, executing step 104; further, the method comprises the following steps: the control unit 3 reads the digital signal converted by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2, judges whether the digital signal is within a preset target range, and executes corresponding operation according to the judgment result. The control unit 3 may be a micro control unit or a field programmable gate array, but is not limited thereto.
Step 104, the control unit 3 adjusts the gain factor of the gain-adjustable amplifying unit 1, and then re-executes step 101 to step 103. (ii) a Specifically, when the control unit 3 determines that the digital signal is not within the preset target range, the control unit 3 adjusts the gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1, and then executes steps 101 to 103 again, and when step 103 is executed, if the target analog signal output by the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 after being adjusted by the gain coefficient is within the preset target range after being converted by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2, the control unit 3 outputs target data corresponding to the digital signal, and finishes acquisition of the analog signal; if the digital signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 is not within the preset target range after the gain coefficient is adjusted, the gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 is adjusted again until the digital signal within the preset target range is output by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2, and the control unit 3 outputs the target data corresponding to the digital signal within the preset target range, so that the acquisition of the analog signal is completed.
It should be noted that after the gain factor is modified once, if the obtained digital signal is still not within the preset target range, which may be caused by the change of the analog signal to be measured, the gain factor of the gain-adjustable amplifying unit 1 needs to be adjusted again, and steps 101 to 103 need to be executed again until the digital signal obtained through the conversion by the analog-to-digital conversion unit is within the target range.
The analog signal acquisition method provided by the embodiment can adjust the gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit 1 in real time according to whether the digital signal is in the preset target range, so as to ensure that the digital signal obtained after the conversion by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 is in the preset target range, and output the target data corresponding to the digital signal in the preset target range as the final sampling result; the problems that when the amplitude of the analog signal to be detected is small, the signal-to-noise ratio of the analog signal acquisition system is too low, and the conversion capability of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2 cannot be fully utilized are solved; meanwhile, the problem that when the amplitude of the analog signal to be detected is large, the target analog signal exceeds the maximum conversion range of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2, so that a real sampling result cannot be obtained is solved; the accurate acquisition of the analog signals with unknown amplitude variation range is well ensured.
Specifically, when the gain-adjustable amplifying unit 1 includes a digital potentiometer 5 and an operational amplifier 6 connected to each other, the digital potentiometer 5 is connected to the control unit 3, a first input end of the operational amplifier 6 is used for inputting an analog signal to be detected, and an output end of the operational amplifier 6 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit 2; in the above step 104, the control unit 3 adjusts the gain factor of the operational amplifier 6 by the digital potentiometer 5.
Further, when the digital potentiometer 5 comprises a digital communication interface 7 and an adjustable resistor 8 which are connected; the digital communication interface 7 is connected with the control unit 3, a vernier pin of the adjustable resistor 8 is connected with a second input end of the operational amplifier 6, a first fixed pin of the adjustable resistor 8 is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier 6, and a second fixed pin of the adjustable resistor 8 is connected with a power supply cathode VSS; in the above step 104, the control unit 3 controls the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 8 through the digital communication interface 7 to adjust the gain factor of the operational amplifier 6.
When the control unit 3 adjusts the gain factor of the operational amplifier 6, it needs to calculate the specific value of the gain factor to be adjusted, i.e. the target gain; the target gain may be obtained according to a preset target range, the digital signal, and a gain coefficient corresponding to the digital signal. The specific conditions of the digital signal are different, and the calculation method of the target gain is different, and the calculation method of the target gain in different conditions within a single period is given below.
In the first case, when the amplitude of the digital signal is smaller than the minimum value of the preset target range, the target gain K1Comprises the following steps:
K 1 = ( A 1 × K 0 ) A 0 - - - ( 1 )
wherein, K0Is a gain coefficient corresponding to the digital signal (a gain coefficient corresponding to the operational amplifier 6 when the current digital signal is obtained in a single sampling period), A0Is the amplitude of the digital signal, A1The target signal is the amplitude of the target signal, and the target signal is a signal within a preset target range.
Because the preset target range is 75% -99% of the maximum processing level of the analog-digital conversion unit 2, the amplitude of the target signal should be taken between 75% -99% of the maximum processing level of the analog-digital conversion unit 2, preferably 87% of the maximum processing level of the analog-digital conversion unit 2, namely the middle value of the preset target range is taken, so that when the amplitude of the target signal is taken into the formula (1) for calculation, the corresponding target gain is relatively centered, so that when the analog signal to be measured slightly changes, the digital signal correspondingly output can be within the preset target range, the target gain is prevented from being calculated for many times, and the working efficiency of the analog signal acquisition system is well improved.
In the second case, when the amplitude of the digital signal is greater than the maximum value of the preset target range, the target gain K1Comprises the following steps:
K1=(0.4~0.6)K0(2)
note that, in the formula (2), the target gain K1Specific times of K0Can be determined according to the experience of workers, and generally K is taken1=0.5K0Therefore, the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6 can be rapidly reduced, the amplitude of the finally obtained digital signal is not more than the maximum value of the preset target range, the amplitude of the finally obtained digital signal is ensured not to be too small, and the situation that the amplitude of the finally obtained digital signal is smaller than the minimum value of the preset target range is avoided as much as possible.
After the target gain is obtained, the control unit 3 needs to control the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 8 through the digital communication interface 7 to adjust the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6, and the relationship between the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 8 and the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier 6 is as follows:
K = R W B R A B - - - ( 3 )
where K is the gain factor of the operational amplifier 6; referring to fig. 2, the first fixed pin of the adjustable resistor 8 is defined as pin a, the second fixed pin of the adjustable resistor 8 is defined as pin B, the vernier pin of the adjustable resistor 8 is defined as pin W, and pin RWBIs a resistance value between the W pin and the B pin, RABIs the resistance between pin a and pin B (the total resistance of the adjustable resistor 8).
Therefore, after the target gain is obtained, the appropriate R can be adjusted by controlling the position of the W pinWBAnd RABSo that R isWBAnd RABSatisfying formula (4).
K 1 = R W B R A B - - - ( 4 )
It should be noted that, since the adjustable resistor 8 in the digital potentiometer 5 has a certain resistance adjustment resolution, the target gain K can be obtained during the actual adjustment process1Closest actual gain K1' by controlling the position of the W pin, the appropriate R is adjustedWBAnd RABSo that R isWBAnd RABIt suffices to satisfy the formula (5).
K 1 ′ = R W B R A B - - - ( 5 )
After obtaining the digital signal satisfying the preset target range, the final control unit 3 further needs to obtain the actual gain K finally adopted1The sampling result (the digital signal meeting the preset target range) is normalized (namely the unit of the sampling result is unified), and then the sampling result is converted into corresponding target data to be output.
When the analog signal acquisition system provided in the above embodiment further includes the filtering unit 4, the filtering unit 4 is connected to the first input end of the operational amplifier 6, and the filtering unit 4 performs a filtering operation on the analog signal to be detected and inputs the analog signal to be detected after the filtering operation into the operational amplifier 6.
In the foregoing description of embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An analog signal acquisition system, comprising: the gain adjustable amplification unit, the analog-to-digital conversion unit and the control unit; wherein,
the gain-adjustable amplifying unit is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion unit and the control unit, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected with the control unit;
the gain adjustable amplifying unit is used for amplifying the analog signal to be detected and obtaining a target analog signal;
the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the target analog signal into a digital signal;
the control unit is used for judging whether the digital signal is in a preset target range or not, and when the digital signal is in the preset target range, the control unit is used for outputting target data corresponding to the digital signal; when the digital signal is not in the preset target range, the control unit is configured to adjust a gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit to obtain the digital signal in the preset target range, and then output target data corresponding to the digital signal in the preset target range.
2. The analog signal acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein the gain-adjustable amplification unit comprises a digital potentiometer and an operational amplifier, the digital potentiometer and the operational amplifier are connected, the digital potentiometer is connected to the control unit, a first input end of the operational amplifier is used for inputting an analog signal to be measured, and an output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit.
3. The analog signal acquisition system of claim 2, wherein the digital potentiometer comprises a digital communication interface and an adjustable resistor connected; the digital communication interface is connected with the control unit, a vernier pin of the adjustable resistor is connected with a second input end of the operational amplifier, a first fixed pin of the adjustable resistor is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier, and a second fixed pin of the adjustable resistor is connected with a negative electrode of a power supply.
4. The analog signal acquisition system according to claim 1, further comprising a filtering unit, wherein the filtering unit is connected to the first input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the filtering unit is configured to filter the analog signal to be measured.
5. An analog signal acquisition method, comprising the steps of:
step 101, amplifying an analog signal to be detected by a gain adjustable amplifying unit in an analog signal acquisition system to obtain a target analog signal;
102, converting the target analog signal into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital conversion unit in an analog signal acquisition system;
103, judging whether the digital signal is in a preset target range by a control unit in the analog signal acquisition system, and outputting target data corresponding to the digital signal by the control unit when the digital signal is in the preset target range to finish acquisition of the analog signal; when the digital signal is not within the preset target range, executing step 104;
and step 104, the control unit adjusts the gain coefficient of the gain-adjustable amplification unit, and then the steps 101 to 103 are executed again.
6. The analog signal acquisition method according to claim 5, wherein the gain-adjustable amplification unit comprises a digital potentiometer and an operational amplifier, which are connected with each other, the digital potentiometer is connected with the control unit, a first input end of the operational amplifier is used for inputting an analog signal to be detected, and an output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion unit;
in step 104, the control unit adjusts a gain coefficient of the operational amplifier by the digital potentiometer.
7. The analog signal acquisition method of claim 6, wherein the digital potentiometer comprises a digital communication interface and an adjustable resistor connected to each other; the digital communication interface is connected with the control unit, a vernier pin of the adjustable resistor is connected with a second input end of the operational amplifier, a first fixed pin of the adjustable resistor is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier, and a second fixed pin of the adjustable resistor is connected with a negative electrode of a power supply;
in step 104, the control unit controls the resistance value of the adjustable resistor through the digital communication interface to adjust the gain factor of the operational amplifier.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein in the step 104, the control unit obtains a target gain according to the preset target range, the digital signal and the gain coefficient corresponding to the digital signal, and adjusts the gain coefficient of the operational amplifier to the target gain.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the target gain K is set when the amplitude of the digital signal is smaller than the minimum value of the preset target range1Comprises the following steps:
K 1 = ( A 1 × K 0 ) A 0
when the amplitude of the digital signal is larger than the maximum value of the preset target range, the target gain K1Comprises the following steps:
K1=(0.4~0.6)K0
wherein, K0For said gain factor corresponding to said digital signal, A0Is the amplitude of the digital signal, A1Is the amplitude of a target signal, which is a signal within the preset target range.
10. The analog signal acquisition method according to claim 8, wherein the analog signal acquisition system further comprises a filtering unit, the filtering unit is connected to the first input terminal of the operational amplifier, the filtering unit filters the analog signal to be measured, and the filtered analog signal to be measured is input to the operational amplifier.
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