CN111129716B - 5G mobile terminal antenna system and application thereof - Google Patents

5G mobile terminal antenna system and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111129716B
CN111129716B CN202010042893.1A CN202010042893A CN111129716B CN 111129716 B CN111129716 B CN 111129716B CN 202010042893 A CN202010042893 A CN 202010042893A CN 111129716 B CN111129716 B CN 111129716B
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antenna system
metal
leaky
rectangular
antenna
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CN111129716A (en
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李慧
吴渺
周长飞
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10Resonant slot antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a 5G mobile terminal antenna system working in millimeter wave and Sub-6G frequency bands and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of wireless communication and antennas. The antenna system comprises a rectangular metal waveguide cavity, a rectangular radiation gap, a stepped radiation gap and a metal column; the millimeter wave antenna and the low-frequency band antenna coexist and are integrated in a substrate and a frame of the mobile phone, and the win-win situation of high gain and large coverage is realized under the condition of no need of a phased array. The substrate integrated waveguide leaky-wave antenna can work together with a Sub-6G antenna, and the millimeter wave antenna and the low-frequency antenna are integrated on the frame of the mobile phone at the same time, so that the space is saved. The invention realizes high coverage of the mobile terminal by 12 leaky-wave antennas with different radiation directions, avoids the traditional phased array antenna with high use cost and complex structure, does not need beam scanning, and greatly reduces the complexity of software and hardware.

Description

5G mobile terminal antenna system and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication and antennas, and relates to a 5G mobile terminal antenna system working in millimeter wave and Sub-6G frequency bands and application thereof.
Background
With the explosive increase of the number of mobile communication users and terminals and the continuous improvement of the requirements of social production and life on data transmission rate and communication quality, how to effectively expand the capacity of a communication system, ensure the communication quality, improve the frequency utilization rate and the like is becoming a hot spot in the research of the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G). Among them, millimeter wave communication is becoming one of hot technologies of 5G, and antenna technology is a key ring of millimeter wave communication. As a key element in wireless communication, antennas are designed to meet new requirements: first, to overcome the high path loss in the millimeter wave band, the antenna is required to have a higher gain, which means that more antenna elements and a larger size are required. Secondly, since the incoming wave direction of the input signal is random, the antenna is required to have strong coverage in space, which has a certain conflict with the high gain. In addition, millimeter wave communication cannot replace the Sub-6GHz communication band due to the distance limitation, and thus, a millimeter wave antenna should coexist with an antenna of a low frequency band.
In order to obtain high gain and large coverage area simultaneously, a phased array is usually adopted, beam control is realized through different phase shifts, but the phased array is expensive and complicated to realize. The antenna does not need a phased array, is easy to realize and has high integration level.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the requirements which the 5G antenna needs to meet, in order to improve and ensure the information transmission rate and the communication system capacity, the invention provides a millimeter wave antenna system based on a leaky-wave antenna, and the millimeter wave antenna and a low-frequency-band antenna coexist and are integrated in a substrate and a frame of a mobile phone, so that the win-win of high gain and large coverage is realized under the condition of no need of a phased array.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A5G mobile terminal antenna system working in millimeter wave and Sub-6G frequency bands comprises a rectangular metal waveguide cavity, a rectangular radiation gap 1, a stepped radiation gap 2 and a metal column 4.
The rectangular metal waveguide cavity comprises a metalized through hole 3, an upper layer metal 5, a dielectric substrate 6 and a lower layer metal 7. The lower layer metal 7, the dielectric substrate 6 and the upper layer metal 5 are sequentially overlaid and laid to form a basic frame of the antenna system. The metallized through hole 3 penetrates through the lower layer metal 7, the dielectric substrate 6 and the upper layer metal 5; the metallized through holes 3 are uniformly arranged at the periphery and the middle part of the antenna system at equal intervals, and divide the antenna system into an upper area and a lower area in a balanced manner. The feed source A, the feed source B and the metal column 4 are all communicated with the lower layer metal 7, the dielectric substrate 6 and the upper layer metal 5; the feed source A and the feed source B are respectively arranged on one pair of opposite angles of the antenna system, and the two metal columns 4 are respectively arranged on the other pair of opposite angles of the antenna system; the horizontal distances between the feed source A and the feed source B and the metallized through holes 3 on the two sides of the feed source A and the feed source B are the same. The horizontal distances between the metal columns 4 positioned in the upper and lower regions of the antenna system and the adjacent stepped radiation slot 2 and rectangular radiation slot 1 are the same. The plurality of stepped radiation slots 2 and the rectangular radiation slots 1 are respectively and evenly etched on the upper and lower parts of the upper layer metal 5 at equal intervals horizontally, so that a stepped-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system is formed, the size of the antenna system is reduced, different beam directions are provided, and different space ranges are covered.
Further, the isolation between the upper and lower regions of the antenna system is greater than 20 dB.
Further, the stepped radiation gap 2 comprises three rectangles which are vertically overlapped in sequence.
Furthermore, the rectangular radiation slot 1 is replaced by the stepped radiation slot 2, and the stepped radiation slots 2 in the upper and lower regions of the antenna system are mutually symmetrical structures, so that a double-stepped leaky-wave antenna system is formed, and beam directions are more diversified.
Furthermore, the dielectric substrate 6 is made of Taconic RF-35TC material with a dielectric constant of 3.5 and a loss tangent angle of 0.0011.
An application of a 5G mobile terminal antenna system working in millimeter wave and Sub-6G frequency bands is that two ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna systems which are rotationally symmetrical at 180 degrees are respectively arranged on two longer frames of a mobile phone terminal so as to cover a larger communication range. Two shorter frames of the mobile phone terminal are respectively provided with a double-step trapezoidal leaky-wave antenna system. The metal substrate 8 is positioned on the mobile phone terminal; the double-step-shaped leaky-wave antenna system on one side of the mobile phone terminal is sequentially connected with the feed port 13, the inductance element 10 and the metal substrate 8, and the inductance element 10 ensures good impedance matching. The double-ladder-shaped leaky-wave antenna system on the other side is connected with a metal substrate 8 through a metal strip 9.
The metal substrate 8 is made of F4BM with the thickness of 0.8 mm.
The working process of the invention is as follows: radio frequency signals are input from the starting ends of two feed sources of six antenna systems respectively, radiation is carried out through leaky-wave antennas of the rectangular radiation slot 1 and the stepped radiation slot 2, the resonant frequency of the six antenna systems working at 28GHz is excited, the maximum gain directions of antenna directional diagrams are different, the radio frequency signals are input from the starting end of the feed port 13, and the resonant frequency of the six antenna systems working at 0.8GHz is excited.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the substrate integrated waveguide leaky-wave antenna can work together with a Sub-6G antenna, and the millimeter wave antenna and the low-frequency antenna are integrated on the frame of the mobile phone at the same time, so that the space is saved.
2) The invention realizes high coverage of the mobile terminal by 12 leaky-wave antennas with different radiation directions, avoids the traditional phased array antenna with high use cost and complex structure, does not need beam scanning, and greatly reduces the complexity of software and hardware.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system of the present invention operating in the millimeter wave frequency band;
FIG. 2 is a schematic reverse side view of the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system of the present invention operating in the millimeter wave frequency band;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system of the present invention operating in the millimeter wave band;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a dual-ladder leaky-wave antenna system operating in the millimeter-wave band according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic reverse side view of a dual-ladder leaky-wave antenna system of the present invention operating in the millimeter wave band;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a dual-ladder leaky-wave antenna system operating in the millimeter-wave band in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a simulated S parameter of the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a radiation pattern of a feed A feed of the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system according to the present invention; wherein, (a) is the simulated radiation pattern on the xoy surface when the feed source A of the ladder-shaped rectangular leaky-wave antenna system feeds, and (b) is the simulated radiation pattern in the maximum gain direction when the feed source A of the ladder-shaped rectangular leaky-wave antenna system feeds;
FIG. 9 is a radiation pattern of a feed B feed of the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system according to the present invention; wherein, (a) is the simulated radiation pattern on the xoy surface when the feed source B of the ladder-shaped rectangular leaky-wave antenna system feeds, and (B) is the simulated radiation pattern in the maximum gain direction when the feed source B of the ladder-shaped rectangular leaky-wave antenna system feeds;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a multi-antenna system integrated in a frame of a mobile phone terminal according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a simulation S parameter when the feeding port 13 feeds in the antenna system of the present invention;
figure 12 is the directivity diagram of the feed port 13 feeding in the antenna system simulated by the present invention; wherein (a) is the simulated radiation pattern of low frequency antenna feed port 13 in the xoy plane, (b) is the simulated radiation pattern of low frequency antenna feed port 13 in the xoz plane, and (c) is the simulated radiation pattern of low frequency antenna feed port 13 in the yoz plane;
in the figure: 1, a rectangular radiation gap; 2, a step-shaped radiation gap; 3, metalizing the through holes; 4, a metal column; 5 an upper metal layer; 6, a dielectric substrate; 7 a lower layer metal; 8 a metal substrate; 9 a metal strip; 10 an inductive element; 13 a feed port; 1-1 step-shaped-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system A; 1-2 step-shaped-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system B; 1-3 step-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system C; 1-4 step-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system D; 2-1, a dual-step ladder-shaped leaky-wave antenna system A; 2-2 double-step ladder-shaped leaky-wave antenna system B.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the drawings and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system operating in the millimeter wave frequency band includes a rectangular metal waveguide cavity, a rectangular radiation slot 1, a ladder-shaped radiation slot 2 and a metal column 4. The rectangular metal waveguide cavity comprises a metalized through hole 3, an upper layer metal 5, a dielectric substrate 6 and a lower layer metal 7, and the overall dimension LxW of the stepped-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system is 60 x 9.6mm2. The distances from the metalized through holes 3 at the two sides of the feed source A and the feed source B to the feed source A and the feed source B are the same,the distances l from the feed source A and the feed source B to one end of the antenna system are both 3.4 mm. The radiation slot closest to the feed is the first radiation slot. Width w of rectangular radiation slot 11Is 1mm, length l13mm, the distance p between two adjacent rectangular radiation gaps 115.72mm, the distance l from the first rectangular radiating slot 1 to one end of the antenna system3Is 4.5 mm. The stepped radiation gap 2 is formed by vertically stacking three steps, and the total width w of the stepped radiation gap 221.2mm, total length l2Is 3mm, the height w of each step3Is 0.4mm and has a width s30.45mm, and the distance p between two adjacent stepped radiation gaps 226.79mm, the distance l from the first stepped radiation slot 2 to one end of the antenna system4Is 5 mm. The diameter d of a metallized through hole 3 is 0.4mm and the distance s between two adjacent metallized through holes 3 is 0.6 mm. The dielectric substrate 6 adopts Taconic RF-35TC with the dielectric constant of 3.5, the loss tangent angle of 0.0011 and the thickness of 0.762 mm. The thickness of the upper layer metal 5 and the lower layer metal 7 is 0.035 mm. The horizontal distance l between the metal column 4 in the upper and lower regions and the adjacent stepped radiation gap 2 and rectangular radiation gap 1rIs 5 mm.
Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 6, the dual-ladder leaky-wave antenna system operating in the millimeter wave frequency band includes a rectangular metal waveguide cavity, a stepped radiation slot 2 and a metal column 4. The stepped leaky-wave antenna in the dual-stepped leaky-wave antenna system and the stepped-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system has the same size.
Fig. 7 is a simulation S parameter of the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system according to the present invention, and it is seen from the figure that the antenna can generate effective resonance in a 28GHz band, the bandwidth is 27.5-28.3GHz, and the isolation between two adjacent antenna ports is higher than 20dB in the working bandwidth.
Fig. 8 and 9 are radiation patterns of the feed source a and the feed source B of the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system according to the present invention. At 28GHz, when feed A of the ladder-shaped rectangular leaky-wave antenna system feeds, the maximum simulation gain is 13.7 dBi; when the feed source B feeds power, the maximum simulation gain is 13 dBi. It can be seen from the figure that the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna radiates in different directions respectively.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a mobile phone antenna integrating a millimeter wave leaky-wave antenna and a Sub-6G antenna. Two ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna systems shown in figure 1 are respectively arranged on two longer borders of the mobile phone terminal, wherein the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system A1-1 and the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system B1-2 are in 180-degree rotational symmetry, and the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system C1-3 and the ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system D1-4 are in 180-degree rotational symmetry; two shorter frames of the mobile phone terminal are respectively provided with a double-step ladder-shaped leaky-wave antenna system as shown in figure 4. The overall size of the mobile phone terminal is 150 multiplied by 78 multiplied by 10mm3. The double-step-shaped leaky-wave antenna system on one side of the mobile phone terminal is sequentially connected with the feed port 13, the inductance element 10 and the metal substrate 8; the other side of the double-ladder-shaped leaky-wave antenna system is connected with the metal substrate 8 through the metal strip 9. Distance d from ladder-shaped-rectangular leaky-wave antenna system positioned on long edge of mobile phone terminal to long edge of metal substrate 82Is 3 mm; distance d from double-step leaky-wave antenna system positioned on short edge of mobile phone terminal to short edge of metal substrate 83Is 4.5 mm. The size of the inductive element 10 is 9nH to ensure a good impedance match. The size of the metal substrate 8 is 140X 70mm2. Distance d from metal strip 9 to long side of metal substrate 81Is 10 mm.
Fig. 11 is a simulated S parameter of the low frequency antenna feed port 13 of the present invention, and it is seen from the figure that the antenna can generate effective resonance in the 0.8GHz band, and the bandwidth is 0.68-0.84 GHz.
Fig. 12 is a simulated radiation pattern of the low frequency antenna feed port 13 in the xoy plane, xoz plane, and yoz plane at 0.8GHz with a maximum simulated gain of 1.95 dBi.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical idea and features of the present invention, and are only used for describing the present invention in detail, so that those skilled in the art can understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the disclosure of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A5G mobile terminal antenna system working in millimeter wave and Sub-6G frequency bands is characterized in that the antenna system comprises a rectangular metal waveguide cavity, a rectangular radiation gap (1), a stepped radiation gap (2) and a metal column (4);
the rectangular metal waveguide cavity comprises a metalized through hole (3), an upper layer metal (5), a dielectric substrate (6) and a lower layer metal (7); the lower layer metal (7), the dielectric substrate (6) and the upper layer metal (5) are sequentially overlaid and laid to form a basic frame of the antenna system; the metallized through holes (3) penetrate through the lower layer metal (7), the dielectric substrate (6) and the upper layer metal (5), the metallized through holes (3) are uniformly arranged at the periphery and the middle of the antenna system at equal intervals, and the antenna system is divided into an upper area and a lower area in a balanced manner;
the feed source A, the feed source B and the metal column (4) are all communicated with the lower layer metal (7), the dielectric substrate (6) and the upper layer metal (5); the feed source A and the feed source B are respectively arranged on one pair of opposite angles of the antenna system, and the two metal columns (4) are respectively arranged on the other pair of opposite angles of the antenna system; the horizontal distances between the feed source A and the feed source B and the metallized through holes (3) on the two sides of the feed source A and the feed source B are the same; the horizontal distances between the metal columns (4) positioned in the upper and lower regions of the antenna system and the adjacent stepped radiation gaps (2) and rectangular radiation gaps (1) are the same;
a plurality of ladder-shaped radiation gaps (2) are horizontally and equidistantly evenly etched on the upper portion of the upper-layer metal (5), and a plurality of rectangular radiation gaps (1) are horizontally and equidistantly evenly etched on the lower portion of the upper-layer metal (5), so that a ladder-shaped rectangular leaky-wave antenna system is formed, the size of the antenna system is reduced, different beam directions are provided, and different space ranges are covered.
2. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the isolation between the upper and lower regions of the antenna system is greater than 20 dB.
3. The antenna system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rectangular radiating slot (1) is replaced by a stepped radiating slot (2), and the stepped radiating slots (2) in the upper and lower regions of the antenna system are symmetrical to each other to form a dual-stepped leaky-wave antenna system, so that the beam directions are more diversified.
4. The antenna system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stepped radiating slot (2) comprises three rectangles stacked vertically one above the other.
5. The antenna system according to claim 3, characterized in that the stepped radiating slot (2) comprises three rectangles stacked vertically one above the other.
6. The antenna system according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that said dielectric substrate (6) is made of Taonic RF-35TC having a dielectric constant of 3.5 and a loss tangent angle of 0.0011.
7. Use of an antenna system according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that two ladder-rectangular leaky-wave antenna systems with 180 degree rotational symmetry are placed on both longer borders of the handset terminal to cover a larger communication range; two shorter frames of the mobile phone terminal are respectively provided with a double-step trapezoidal leaky-wave antenna system; a metal substrate (8) is fixed on the mobile phone terminal; the dual-step-shaped leaky-wave antenna system on one side of the mobile phone terminal is sequentially connected with a feed port (13), an inductance element (10) and a metal substrate (8); the double-step ladder-shaped leaky-wave antenna system on the other side is connected with the metal substrate (8) through the metal strip (9).
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that said metal substrate (8) is made of F4BM having a thickness of 0.8 mm.
CN202010042893.1A 2020-01-15 2020-01-15 5G mobile terminal antenna system and application thereof Active CN111129716B (en)

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