CN111119864A - Overflow monitoring method and system based on gas invasion pressure characteristics - Google Patents
Overflow monitoring method and system based on gas invasion pressure characteristics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111119864A CN111119864A CN201811293751.1A CN201811293751A CN111119864A CN 111119864 A CN111119864 A CN 111119864A CN 201811293751 A CN201811293751 A CN 201811293751A CN 111119864 A CN111119864 A CN 111119864A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- overflow
- pressure
- data
- volume
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention provides an overflow monitoring method based on gas invasion pressure characteristics, which comprises the following steps: collecting pressure values of different positions on a shaft to obtain original pressure data of each pressure collecting position; calculating a pressure derivative according to the original pressure data to obtain real-time pressure derivative data; analyzing the original pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data, and determining the overflow occurrence time and the overflow occurrence position; and calculating the accumulated overflow volume by combining the overflow occurrence time, the overflow occurrence position, and the volume flow data of the outlet and the inlet of the shaft, and judging whether to send out overflow early warning according to the accumulated overflow volume. The invention can meet the gas invasion and overflow early-stage monitoring requirements of deep wells, ultra-deep wells and complex formations. The method is not influenced by parameters such as stratum, well depth and the like; the real-time overflow volume is accurately measured and is not influenced by the ambient temperature, pressure and the like; the method is easy to realize, has obvious monitoring effect and can meet the requirement of monitoring the overflow of the complex deep well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum drilling, in particular to an overflow monitoring method and system based on gas invasion pressure characteristics.
Background
Due to the characteristics of compression and expansion of gas, after the gas invades the drilling fluid, the gas volume is small due to the pressure of an upper liquid column when the gas is invaded at the bottom of a well, the gas rising speed is higher and higher along with the circulation of the drilling fluid, the liquid column pressure borne by the gas is gradually reduced, the gas volume is gradually expanded and increased, and particularly the gas expansion is quickly increased when the gas approaches the ground. In the drilling process, if effective degassing measures are not taken, gas invasion drilling fluid is repeatedly pumped into the well, so that the gas invasion degree of the drilling fluid is more serious, the bottom hole pressure is continuously reduced, and the overflow danger is generated.
The existing equipment and monitoring method are difficult to meet the early monitoring requirement of the overflow of the complex stratum of the deep well. Conventional flow measurement techniques are either surface access flow measurement or tank level measurement. The whole measuring system is influenced by various factors such as the measuring precision of the flowmeter, installation conditions, a measuring principle, actual condition restriction and the like, and the measuring precision is difficult to ensure.
Therefore, the invention provides an overflow monitoring method and system based on gas invasion pressure characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an overflow monitoring method based on gas invasion pressure characteristics, the method comprising the following steps:
collecting pressure values of different positions on a shaft to obtain original pressure data of each pressure collecting position;
calculating a pressure derivative according to the original pressure data to obtain real-time pressure derivative data;
analyzing the original pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data, and determining the overflow occurrence time and the overflow occurrence position;
and calculating the accumulated overflow volume by combining the overflow occurrence time, the overflow occurrence position, and the volume flow data of the outlet and the inlet of the shaft, and judging whether overflow early warning needs to be sent according to the accumulated overflow volume.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the step of acquiring pressure values at different locations in the wellbore comprises:
and collecting the pressure values in the drill strings and the annular pressure values of different positions of the drill rod, the stand pipe and the outlet manifold.
According to one embodiment of the invention, after the original pressure data of each pressure acquisition position is obtained, denoising processing is carried out on the original pressure data, abnormal data and error data are eliminated, and influence of clutter is prevented.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the pressure derivative is calculated by any one or any few of a difference quotient average method, a weighted average method, a univariate regression derivation method, and a window interval derivation method.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of analyzing the raw pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data to determine the time when the overflow occurs and the position where the overflow occurs includes:
comparing the original pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data at the same position, and dividing the original pressure data at the previous moment by the real-time pressure derivative data at the current moment to obtain a quotient value;
and comparing the quotient value with a first preset threshold value, and recording the current position and the current moment as an overflow occurrence position and an overflow occurrence moment when the quotient value is greater than the first preset threshold value.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the accumulated overflow volume by combining the overflow occurrence time, the overflow occurrence position, and the volume flow data of the outlet and the inlet of the well bore comprises:
acquiring volume flow data of a shaft outlet and a shaft inlet after the determined overflow occurrence time;
and calculating the difference value of the volume flow data of the shaft inlet and the volume flow data of the shaft outlet to obtain the accumulated overflow volume.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining whether an overflow warning needs to be issued according to the accumulated overflow volume includes:
and comparing the accumulated overflow volume with a second preset threshold, and sending an overflow early warning when the accumulated overflow volume is larger than the second preset threshold.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a system for overflow monitoring based on gas intrusion pressure characteristics, the system comprising:
the pressure sensors are arranged at different positions of the shaft, the vertical pipe and the outlet manifold and are used for acquiring pressure values at different positions on the shaft and acquiring original pressure data of each pressure acquisition position;
the outlet and inlet flow meters are arranged at the outlet and the inlet of the shaft and are used for monitoring the volume flow data of the outlet and the inlet of the shaft;
and the ground processing system receives the data of the pressure sensor and the inlet and outlet flow meter and is used for judging whether overflow early warning needs to be sent out or not.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the port flow meter comprises:
a flow meter disposed at an outlet of the wellbore for monitoring outlet volumetric flow data of the wellbore;
a pump stroke counter disposed at an entrance to the wellbore for monitoring entrance volumetric flow data of the wellbore.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the surface processing system is a computer having a monitoring processing module thereon configured to perform the steps of:
calculating a pressure derivative according to the original pressure data to obtain real-time pressure derivative data;
analyzing the original pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data, and determining the overflow occurrence time and the overflow occurrence position;
and calculating the accumulated overflow volume by combining the overflow occurrence time, the overflow occurrence position, and the volume flow data of the outlet and the inlet of the shaft, and judging whether overflow early warning needs to be sent according to the accumulated overflow volume.
The overflow monitoring method and system based on gas invasion pressure characteristics can meet the early monitoring requirements of gas invasion overflow of deep wells, ultra-deep wells and complex formations. The gas cutting pressure and pressure derivative characteristics judge that the overflow is obvious and are not influenced by parameters such as stratum, well depth and the like; the flow change and the accumulated volume change of the inlet and the outlet are monitored by combining a high-precision mass flowmeter, and the overflow volume is accurately measured in real time and is not influenced by the environmental temperature, the pressure and the like; the method is easy to realize, has obvious monitoring effect and can meet the requirement of monitoring the overflow of the complex deep well.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method for overflow monitoring based on gas intrusion pressure characterization according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of a method for overflow monitoring based on gas intrusion pressure characterization according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a graph of the calculation of pressure derivatives by a window interval derivation method in a gas intrusion pressure signature based overflow monitoring method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows a wellbore exit displacement and wellhead pressure profile during gas cut;
FIG. 5 shows a gas intrusion pressure signature and inlet and outlet cumulative volume difference graph;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic of an overflow monitoring system based on gas intrusion pressure characterization according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 illustrates a plot of wellhead pressure and wellhead derivative pressure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows a graph of outlet displacement and inlet-outlet cumulative volume difference in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 9 shows a graph of the results of a coke-page well gas invasion monitor according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The existing equipment and monitoring method are difficult to meet the early monitoring requirement of the overflow of the complex stratum of the deep well. Conventional flow measurement techniques are either surface access flow measurement or tank level measurement. The whole measuring system is influenced by various factors such as the measuring precision of the flowmeter, installation conditions, a measuring principle, actual condition restriction and the like, and the measuring precision is difficult to ensure. The problems of the existing monitoring equipment and method are as follows:
first, the accuracy of the existing measurement methods is not high. The current inlet adopts pump stroke counting, a pump stroke counter is connected to a drilling pump, and the displacement of the pump is calculated by calculating the volume of each stroke according to the parameters of the pump through the stroke number of a pump stroke metering pump. The method for acquiring the inlet displacement acquires the pump displacement data which are too ideal and cannot reflect the real inlet displacement data. Because the borehole pump is affected by the efficiency of the water supply, there is a large change in the actual inlet displacement.
Secondly, the outlet adopts a target type flowmeter, a round target plate is coaxially arranged at the center of a measuring pipe (instrument meter body) of the target type flowmeter, and when fluid impacts the target plate, a force is applied to the target plate and is in direct proportion to the relationship among the flow velocity, the density and the force-bearing area of the target plate. The output signal is converted into an electric signal or an air pressure signal through the force converter and then output, and the relation between the output signal and the flow can be obtained. The target type flowmeter is simple in structure, but the installation requirement condition is high, and faults which often occur in use are phenomena of zero drift, inaccurate full scale, target sheet looseness, lever bending, looseness of internal parts and the like.
In addition, the monitoring of the liquid level of the mud tank adopts manual post setting or ultrasonic monitoring to monitor the height change of the liquid level of the mud tank so as to monitor whether the surge and leakage occur. The monitoring method is influenced by factors such as the volume of the mud tank, the site and the like, and the precision is difficult to guarantee.
Second, existing measurement approaches reflect hysteresis. The traditional measurement mode is a ground measurement device and method, when a drilling tool meets a complex stratum of a deep well, the drilling tool is influenced by stratum conditions and well depth, the gas invasion and displacement rules are complex in change, and the characteristic that gas invades a shaft in the initial stage is difficult to reflect on the ground. When the ground equipment detects that the overflow occurs, the overflow is very serious and difficult to control. Even if blowout and fire occur, the fire brings great threat to the life and property of the operating personnel, and becomes a very serious operation accident.
The gas invasion overflow monitoring method is a novel monitoring and analyzing method aiming at the characteristics of gas invasion overflow monitoring, solves the problems that the existing gas invasion overflow monitoring is inaccurate, the overflow finding time is late and the like, realizes early warning of gas invasion overflow and provides guarantee for well control safety operation. Accordingly, FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method for overflow monitoring based on gas intrusion pressure characterization, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in step S101, pressure values at different positions on the wellbore are collected, and raw pressure data at each pressure collection position is obtained. In one embodiment, the pressure values in the drill string and the annular pressure values for different positions of the drill pipe, the riser and the outlet manifold are collected.
According to one embodiment of the invention, after the original pressure data of each pressure acquisition position is obtained, denoising processing is carried out on the original pressure data, abnormal data and error data are eliminated, and influence of clutter is prevented.
Then, in step S102, a pressure derivative is calculated from the raw pressure data, resulting in real-time pressure derivative data. In one embodiment, the pressure derivative is calculated by any one or any combination of the difference quotient average, the weighted average, the unary regression derivative, and the window interval derivative.
Next, in step S103, the raw pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data are analyzed to determine the time when the flooding occurs and the location of the flooding. In one embodiment, the raw pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data at the same location are compared, and the real-time pressure derivative data at the current time is divided by the raw pressure data at the previous time to obtain a quotient. And comparing the quotient value with a first preset threshold value, and recording the current position and the current moment as an overflow occurrence position and an overflow occurrence moment when the quotient value is greater than the first preset threshold value. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first preset threshold may be set to 3.
Finally, in step S104, an accumulated overflow volume is calculated according to the overflow time, the overflow position, and the volume flow data of the outlet and the inlet of the well, and it is determined whether an overflow warning needs to be issued according to the accumulated overflow volume. In one embodiment, volumetric flow data is collected at the outlet of the wellbore and at the inlet of the wellbore after the determined time at which flooding occurs. And calculating the difference value of the volume flow data of the shaft inlet and the volume flow data of the shaft outlet to obtain the accumulated overflow volume. According to one embodiment of the invention, after the accumulated overflow volume is calculated, the accumulated overflow volume is compared with a second preset threshold, and when the accumulated overflow volume is larger than the second preset threshold, an overflow warning is issued. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second preset threshold may be set to 300L.
FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of a method for overflow monitoring based on gas intrusion pressure characterization according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The invention provides an overflow monitoring method based on gas invasion pressure characteristics, which can realize early monitoring and early warning of gas invasion overflow, give the occurrence time, position and volume of overflow and provide technical parameters for well control killing operation. The implementation method is shown in FIG. 2: firstly, collecting pressures at different positions, obtaining original pressure data and processing the original pressure data. Wherein, the pressure acquisition positions comprise a well bottom, a well bottom and a well head. Pressure sensors are arranged at different positions of a drill rod, a stand pipe and an outlet manifold, the pressure in a drill string and the annular pressure at the position are measured, and underground pressure data are uploaded to the ground through an intelligent drill rod or mud pulses. After the pressure data are collected, the data can be processed, and abnormal and error data can be eliminated. The processing method comprises filtering processing and smoothing processing.
Then, the processed data is subjected to pressure derivative calculation, and pressure derivative data which change in real time is obtained according to time. The derivative of pressure is the rate of change of pressure, defined as
After determining the raw pressure data, the pressure derivative may be calculated numerically, and may be calculated by various methods, and several methods for obtaining the pressure derivative are given below.
The difference quotient average value method is that the difference quotient average value of two adjacent time differences is used as the pressure derivative of the corresponding pressure, and the calculation formula is as follows:
the weighted average method is an improvement of the difference quotient average method, and processes the adjacent time differences as weighting coefficients, which can be used to process the pressure data with time interval change to obtain the pressure derivative. The calculation formula is as follows:
the unitary regression derivation method is that starting from one end of the pressure data curve, N points are taken in sequence (N is not too large), the N points can be regarded as a small straight line segment approximately, only the slope value of the straight line can be easily obtained by adopting a calculation linear regression method, according to the principle of the derivation method, the slope of the straight line segment can be approximated as the derivation value of the pressure data corresponding to the midpoint of the straight line segment, the process is repeated from one end of the pressure data curve to the other end, and the derivation curve of the curve can be obtained conveniently and rapidly by a computer.
If the time is t and the pressure at the corresponding moment is P, a unitary linear regression formula for calculating the slope through N points is as follows:
the window interval derivation method includes that a data window is reasonably determined according to the variation range of data (mainly referring to independent variable delta t), the window has a certain width, a pressure data curve is screened by the window in the form of discrete data, a plurality of data falling into the window each time can be approximately regarded as two straight-line segments by taking the center of the window as a reference, the weighted average value of the slopes of the two straight-line segments can be used as the derivative value of the reference point of the window, and the process is sequentially repeated from left to right to obtain the derivative curve of the data curve (as shown in fig. 3).
FIG. 3 shows a graph of pressure derivatives calculated by a window interval derivation method in a flooding monitoring method based on gas intrusion pressure characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention. When the slope of the straight line segment is calculated in the window, different algorithms can be adopted, wherein the representative algorithms mainly comprise two algorithms, and the first algorithm is to calculate the slope by the difference quotient of two end points of the straight line segment; the second is to calculate the slope from a unary linear regression.
Then, the raw pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data are analyzed to determine the overflow occurrence time and the overflow occurrence position. The pressure derivative is mainly used for judging the oil deposit property, estimating the productivity and the like through bottom hole pressure detection and pressure change along with time. The derivative is more reflective of changes in a variable.
In one embodiment, the bottom hole pressure is kept constant in real time in a pressure-controlled drilling mode, the well head is closed by a rotary control head, and drilling fluid enters a circulating tank through a throttle manifold and an outlet mass flowmeter when returning out. When the gas kick begins to invade the wellbore, the bottom hole pressure is increased in the pressure control mode to maintain the bottom hole pressure constant, and the gas in the wellbore invades the kick and rises with pressure, so that the wellbore pressure change is characterized by an increase.
For complex formation conditions such as deep well ultra-deep well, high pressure and low permeability and the like, the conditions of a shaft and a reservoir are influenced, the change of the discharge capacity and the pressure of an outlet is not obvious at the moment when gas starts to invade, and the overflow state is difficult to judge (as shown in figure 4). FIG. 4 shows a graph of wellbore outlet displacement and wellhead pressure during gas cut.
But the pressure derivative change is more sensitive, and the sudden change of the pressure derivative curve can be used as a judgment characteristic of gas invasion overflow. When gas invasion occurs in the pressure control drilling process, formation fluid rushes into a shaft to cause instantaneous change of outlet flow, and further causes instantaneous change of pressure. Under a normal drilling state, when delta t is set to approach 0, selecting the bottom hole pressure and the wellhead pressure at the previous moment as initial pressures, and enabling the mechanical drilling rate to approach 0; meanwhile, the flow change delta Q is approximately equal to 0 in the normal drilling process, so the pressure characteristic in the normal drilling process of the controlled pressure drilling is as follows:
when gas invasion happens underground once, fluid invades a shaft delta Q >0 instantly, a throttle valve is installed at a wellhead, the opening of the throttle valve is not changed, the dimensionless casing pressure is increased instantly at the moment, and the derivative is > 0; there is also an increasing trend for the bottom hole pressure, which is mainly caused by the increase in annular pressure drop due to the increase in casing pressure and flow rate. The pressure profile for obtaining controlled pressure drilling gas invasion is thus:
according to the analysis of the gas invasion pressure characteristics, the pressure derivative curve of the gas invasion has sudden jump, the jump value can be more than 3 times of the normal value, and according to the jump characteristics, the early overflow monitoring in the well hole can be carried out by combining other conventional factors, such as mud pit gain, pump pressure and accurate flow meter under certain conditions (as shown in figure 5). FIG. 5 shows a gas intrusion pressure signature and port cumulative volume difference graph. It can be seen from the figure that the accumulated volume difference of the inlet and the outlet can be used for judging the overflow time together with the pressure derivative, so that the judgment accuracy is enhanced.
And finally, integrating the flow monitoring of the inlet and the outlet, accumulating the overflow volume and giving out early warning. And monitoring the outlet flow by adopting a high-precision mass flowmeter according to the overflow occurrence time, calculating the pump stroke of the inlet by adopting a pump stroke counter, and calculating the inlet discharge capacity according to the drilling pump parameters. Based on the accumulated volume difference of the inlet and the outlet, when the volume difference exceeds a preset volume difference limit (for example, set as 300L), an overflow early warning is sent out.
FIG. 6 shows a schematic of a flooding monitoring system based on gas intrusion pressure characterization according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the system includes a pressure sensor 601, an inlet and outlet flow meter 602, and a surface treatment system 603.
The pressure sensors 601 are installed at different positions of the wellbore, the riser and the outlet manifold, and are used for acquiring pressure values at different positions of the wellbore and obtaining original pressure data of each pressure acquisition position. The pressure data may include, among other things, the pressure in the drill string and the annulus pressure at the location of the pressure sensor.
An inlet and outlet flow meter 602 is installed at the outlet and inlet of the wellbore for monitoring volumetric flow data at the outlet and inlet of the wellbore. The inlet and outlet flow meter comprises a flow meter and a pump stroke counter. The flow meter is arranged at the outlet of the shaft and used for monitoring outlet volume flow data of the shaft. The pump stroke counter is arranged at the inlet of the well bore and is used for monitoring inlet volume flow data of the well bore.
The surface processing system 603 receives data from the pressure sensor and the inlet and outlet flow meters and is used to determine whether an overflow warning needs to be issued. In practice, the surface processing system may use a computer. The monitoring system can further comprise a monitoring processing module, and the monitoring processing module can be an overflow monitoring program in practical application. The overflow monitoring program may be configured to perform the steps of:
calculating a pressure derivative according to the original pressure data to obtain real-time pressure derivative data;
analyzing the original pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data, and determining the overflow occurrence time and the overflow occurrence position;
and calculating the accumulated overflow volume by combining the overflow occurrence time, the overflow occurrence position, and the volume flow data of the outlet and the inlet of the shaft, and judging whether to send out overflow early warning according to the accumulated overflow volume.
In one embodiment, the well depth of a test well is 740m, the discharge volume of the drilling fluid is 30L/s, and the density of the drilling fluid is 1.45g/cm3The circulation displacement is about 30L/s. Injecting 0.28m at the bottom of the well through an additional parasitic tube3Gas injection was started at 15:56:39, simulating gas invasion into the wellbore. The implementation process of gas cut overflow monitoring comprises the following steps:
first, an operation program in the surface processing system is configured according to the method shown in fig. 1, core calculation modules such as pressure derivatives and accumulated volume difference are written, and an overflow monitoring program is formed by combining other drilling parameters.
And then, installing sensor equipment such as a vertical pressure sensor, a casing pressure sensor, a downhole PWD, a drilling inlet flowmeter, an outlet flowmeter and the like at a drilling well site, and operating an overflow monitoring program.
And then, acquiring pressure data in real time, calculating a pressure derivative in real time, and drawing a pressure change curve and a pressure derivative change curve. The moment of overflow occurrence is determined according to the sudden jump characteristic of the pressure derivative, which is generally more than 3 times the normal value.
FIG. 7 shows a plot of wellhead pressure and wellhead derivative pressure according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this case, the bottom of the well is injected with 0.28m3During the gas process, the wellhead pressure changes but is not obvious; and the pressure derivative mutation of the well head is obvious, so that the gas invasion can be judged to begin to occur, and the time is consistent with the time for injecting gas at the well bottom.
And finally, acquiring the discharge data of the inlet and the outlet in real time, and calculating the inlet discharge difference so as to calculate the accumulated volume change of the inlet. And (4) drawing the discharge volume data of the inlet and the outlet in real time, accumulating the volume data in real time according to the occurrence of overflow, drawing a curve, and giving an early warning when the volume data exceeds a set medium alarm limit.
FIG. 8 shows a graph of outlet displacement and inlet-outlet cumulative volume difference in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In this example, when gas overflow occurs, the discharge capacity of the outlet fluctuates to some extent, but the fluctuation is not obvious, and the judgment of the occurrence of overflow cannot be made. And the accumulated volume difference of the inlet and the outlet can be used as overflow early warning, and along with the increase of the accumulated volume, when the accumulated volume reaches a set alarm limit, for example 300L, the overflow alarm is sent out.
In addition, parameters such as the time when the overflow occurs, the volume of the overflow, the pressure during the overflow, the discharge capacity during the overflow and the like can be output, and key data can be provided for subsequent well killing operation.
According to another embodiment of the invention, a certain well of the coke shale is subjected to secondary drilling by adopting a pressure-controlled drilling technology, the flow change of an inlet and an outlet is monitored in real time in the drilling process, and the bottom hole pressure is stably controlled. In order to save non-production time, directly drilling after drilling to the bottom, directly drilling by using a pressure-controlled drilling technology to remove residual gas, and measuring and calculating the bottom hole pressure in real time by using a comprehensive hydraulic calculation model.
Wherein drilling is carried out to a well depth 16And when 75m of time is drilled and after effect is eliminated, successful ignition is realized. At the time, the drilling displacement is 50L/s, the rotating speed is 68rpm, the pump pressure is 18MPa, the drilling time is 8min/m, and the drilling fluid density is 1.30g/cm3Adjusting the pressure of the well head to be 0.54MPa-0.8MPa, and controlling the equivalent density of the well bottom to be 1.36g/cm3. The outlet flowmeter measures the density and the discharge capacity violently after the circulation drilling is carried out for 40min, the total hydrocarbon shows 51.08% (measured value after passing through a liquid-gas separator), the ignition is successful, the flame is 1-2m high, and the bottom hole pressure control is stable during the exhaust period.
Monitoring the pressure of the well head and the change of the derivative thereof, the flow change of the inlet and the outlet and the accumulated volume change in real time in the pressure control drilling process, and carrying out gas invasion overflow monitoring and judgment through micro-flow monitoring and well head back pressure time derivative analysis.
FIG. 9 shows a graph of the results of a coke-page well gas invasion monitor according to another embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 9, when gas enters the shaft, the pressure derivative at the time of 5:31:30 has an instant increasing trend, the time of gas entering the shaft is judged to be 5:31:30 through the wellhead back pressure derivative, meanwhile, the underground gas invasion amount is calculated by adopting the micro-flow monitoring technology, and the total gas invasion amount at this time is 0.6m3。
The overflow monitoring method and system based on gas invasion pressure characteristics can meet the early monitoring requirements of gas invasion overflow of deep wells, ultra-deep wells and complex formations. The gas cutting pressure and pressure derivative characteristics judge that the overflow is obvious and are not influenced by parameters such as stratum, well depth and the like; the flow change and the accumulated volume change of the inlet and the outlet are monitored by combining a high-precision mass flowmeter, and the overflow volume is accurately measured in real time and is not influenced by the environmental temperature, the pressure and the like; the method is easy to realize, has obvious monitoring effect and can meet the requirement of monitoring the overflow of the complex deep well.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An overflow monitoring method based on gas intrusion pressure characteristics, the method comprising the steps of:
collecting pressure values of different positions on a shaft to obtain original pressure data of each pressure collecting position;
calculating a pressure derivative according to the original pressure data to obtain real-time pressure derivative data;
analyzing the original pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data, and determining the overflow occurrence time and the overflow occurrence position;
and calculating the accumulated overflow volume by combining the overflow occurrence time, the overflow occurrence position, and the volume flow data of the outlet and the inlet of the shaft, and judging whether overflow early warning needs to be sent according to the accumulated overflow volume.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring pressure values at different locations in the wellbore comprises:
and collecting the pressure values in the drill strings and the annular pressure values of different positions of the drill rod, the stand pipe and the outlet manifold.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein after obtaining raw pressure data for each pressure acquisition location, denoising the raw pressure data to remove abnormal data and erroneous data and prevent clutter effects.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure derivative is calculated by any one or any combination of a difference quotient average, a weighted average, a univariate regression derivation, and a window interval derivation.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing the raw pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data to determine when and where flooding occurred comprises:
comparing the original pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data at the same position, and dividing the original pressure data at the previous moment by the real-time pressure derivative data at the current moment to obtain a quotient value;
and comparing the quotient value with a first preset threshold value, and recording the current position and the current moment as an overflow occurrence position and an overflow occurrence moment when the quotient value is greater than the first preset threshold value.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the cumulative overflow volume in conjunction with the time at which the overflow occurs, the location at which the overflow occurs, and the volumetric flow data at the outlet and inlet of the wellbore comprises:
acquiring volume flow data of a shaft outlet and a shaft inlet after the determined overflow occurrence time;
and calculating the difference value of the volume flow data of the shaft inlet and the volume flow data of the shaft outlet to obtain the accumulated overflow volume.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining whether an overflow warning needs to be issued based on the accumulated overflow volume comprises:
and comparing the accumulated overflow volume with a second preset threshold, and sending an overflow early warning when the accumulated overflow volume is larger than the second preset threshold.
8. An overflow monitoring system based on gas intrusion pressure characteristics, the system comprising:
the pressure sensors are arranged at different positions of the shaft, the vertical pipe and the outlet manifold and are used for acquiring pressure values at different positions on the shaft and acquiring original pressure data of each pressure acquisition position;
the outlet and inlet flow meters are arranged at the outlet and the inlet of the shaft and are used for monitoring the volume flow data of the outlet and the inlet of the shaft;
and the ground processing system receives the data of the pressure sensor and the inlet and outlet flow meter and is used for judging whether overflow early warning needs to be sent out or not.
9. The gas intrusion pressure signature based overflow monitoring system of claim 8 wherein the inlet and outlet flow meter comprises:
a flow meter disposed at an outlet of the wellbore for monitoring outlet volumetric flow data of the wellbore;
a pump stroke counter disposed at an entrance to the wellbore for monitoring entrance volumetric flow data of the wellbore.
10. The gas intrusion pressure signature based overflow monitoring system of claim 8 wherein the surface processing system is a computer having a monitoring processing module thereon configured to perform the steps of:
calculating a pressure derivative according to the original pressure data to obtain real-time pressure derivative data;
analyzing the original pressure data and the real-time pressure derivative data, and determining the overflow occurrence time and the overflow occurrence position;
and calculating the accumulated overflow volume by combining the overflow occurrence time, the overflow occurrence position, and the volume flow data of the outlet and the inlet of the shaft, and judging whether overflow early warning needs to be sent according to the accumulated overflow volume.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811293751.1A CN111119864B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Overflow monitoring method and system based on gas invasion pressure characteristics |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811293751.1A CN111119864B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Overflow monitoring method and system based on gas invasion pressure characteristics |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111119864A true CN111119864A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
| CN111119864B CN111119864B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
Family
ID=70494262
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811293751.1A Active CN111119864B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Overflow monitoring method and system based on gas invasion pressure characteristics |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111119864B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111855961A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 中南大学 | Rock mass drilling quality detection method, drilling machine, server and storage medium |
| CN111927439A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-13 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Bottom hole pressure control method |
| CN113669050A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Gas invasion detection device and method for marine riser |
| CN116887211A (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-10-13 | 北京航天华腾科技有限公司 | Low-power consumption system for deep water drilling gas invasion data analysis |
Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8928795D0 (en) * | 1989-12-20 | 1990-02-28 | Forex Neptune Serv Tech Sa | Method of analysing and controlling a fluid influx during the drilling of a borehole |
| CN102031962A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-04-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | System and method for measuring downhole micro-flow of oil and gas well |
| US20120228027A1 (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2012-09-13 | Sehsah Ossama R | Method for characterizing subsurface formations using fluid pressure response during drilling operations |
| CN103032064A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-10 | 西南石油大学 | Method and device for detecting gas cut position in drilling process |
| CN103291284A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-11 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method and device both based on annulus pressure measuring while drilling and for early monitoring gas invasion of wellhole |
| JP2013238202A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-11-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | Abnormality determination device for pressure sensor |
| CN104165053A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-26 | 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 | Device and method for determining gas cut type in drilling process |
| WO2015057226A1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | Innovative Pressure Testing, Llc | System and method for a benchmark pressure test |
| GB201600897D0 (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-03-02 | Statoil Petroleum As | Method and apparatus for pressure integrity testing |
| CN105545285A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-05-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Deepwater drilling well gas cut monitoring method based on marine riser gas-liquid two-phase flow identification |
| CN106194162A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Gas cut monitoring device based on annulus pressure measurement while drilling and monitoring method |
| CN106382102A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-02-08 | 西南石油大学 | Overflow early warning method based on clustering algorithm |
| CN106401571A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Measurement unit and overflow information recognition device and method |
| CN108571319A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-09-25 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of differential gas cut and displaced type gas cut judgment method and device |
-
2018
- 2018-11-01 CN CN201811293751.1A patent/CN111119864B/en active Active
Patent Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8928795D0 (en) * | 1989-12-20 | 1990-02-28 | Forex Neptune Serv Tech Sa | Method of analysing and controlling a fluid influx during the drilling of a borehole |
| CN102031962A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-04-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | System and method for measuring downhole micro-flow of oil and gas well |
| US20120228027A1 (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2012-09-13 | Sehsah Ossama R | Method for characterizing subsurface formations using fluid pressure response during drilling operations |
| JP2013238202A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-11-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | Abnormality determination device for pressure sensor |
| CN103032064A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-10 | 西南石油大学 | Method and device for detecting gas cut position in drilling process |
| CN103291284A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-11 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method and device both based on annulus pressure measuring while drilling and for early monitoring gas invasion of wellhole |
| WO2015057226A1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | Innovative Pressure Testing, Llc | System and method for a benchmark pressure test |
| CN104165053A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-26 | 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 | Device and method for determining gas cut type in drilling process |
| CN105545285A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-05-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Deepwater drilling well gas cut monitoring method based on marine riser gas-liquid two-phase flow identification |
| GB201600897D0 (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-03-02 | Statoil Petroleum As | Method and apparatus for pressure integrity testing |
| CN106194162A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Gas cut monitoring device based on annulus pressure measurement while drilling and monitoring method |
| CN106401571A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Measurement unit and overflow information recognition device and method |
| US9631444B1 (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-04-25 | China University Of Petroleum (East China) | Kick information identification apparatus and method assisted for wellbore pressure control during horizontal drilling |
| CN106382102A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-02-08 | 西南石油大学 | Overflow early warning method based on clustering algorithm |
| CN108571319A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-09-25 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of differential gas cut and displaced type gas cut judgment method and device |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| KE KE: "An improved casing design method and its application in deepwater drilling", JOURNAL OF CHINA UNICERSITY OF PETROLEUM（NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION） * |
| REZA ASAKEREH: "Flow Regime Analysis Assists Early Detection of a Shallow Gas Kick", 《SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL AND GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE》 * |
| 任美鹏等: "钻井井喷关井期间井筒压力变化特征", 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版) * |
| 熊继有等: "基于智能钻柱的控压钻井溢流实时评价方法", 《西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）》 * |
| 许玉强: "深水钻井最大允许气侵溢流量的计算方法", 天然气工业 * |
| 雒洋洋: "早期溢流漏失地面监测诊断系统研究与设计", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111855961A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 中南大学 | Rock mass drilling quality detection method, drilling machine, server and storage medium |
| CN111855961B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2021-10-26 | 中南大学 | Rock mass drilling quality detection method, drilling machine, server and storage medium |
| CN111927439A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-13 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Bottom hole pressure control method |
| CN113669050A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Gas invasion detection device and method for marine riser |
| CN113669050B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-04-07 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Gas invasion detection device and method for marine riser |
| CN116887211A (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-10-13 | 北京航天华腾科技有限公司 | Low-power consumption system for deep water drilling gas invasion data analysis |
| CN116887211B (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-12-01 | 北京航天华腾科技有限公司 | Low-power consumption system for deep water drilling gas invasion data analysis |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111119864B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111119864B (en) | Overflow monitoring method and system based on gas invasion pressure characteristics | |
| CA2486235C (en) | An automatic control system and method for bottom hole pressure in the underbalance drilling | |
| RU2366804C2 (en) | System and method of optimisation of production in well with artificial lifting | |
| US9115567B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for determining efficiency of a sampling tool | |
| US9631444B1 (en) | Kick information identification apparatus and method assisted for wellbore pressure control during horizontal drilling | |
| CN205154146U (en) | Well kick lost circulation monitoring devices | |
| CA2703857A1 (en) | Methods and systems to estimate wellbore events | |
| CN1019836B (en) | Obtain the method and apparatus of formation properties | |
| CN103032064A (en) | Method and device for detecting gas cut position in drilling process | |
| NO20160191A1 (en) | Average/initial reservoir pressure and wellbore efficiency analysis from rates and downhole pressures | |
| CN104533407A (en) | Underground state determination method and device and state control method and device | |
| CN113006769B (en) | Intelligent well killing method and device for complex pressure system stratum | |
| CN110162851B (en) | Cable formation test pumping numerical simulation and numerical correction method of process thereof | |
| CN105464644A (en) | Wellhead pressure monitoring method and control system | |
| EP3181809A1 (en) | A method for detecting gain or loss of drilling fluid in a drilling installation associated calculation system and associated drilling installation | |
| CN105952436A (en) | Real time monitor method for early stage well kick overflow based on transient flow | |
| EP2090742A1 (en) | Methods and systems to estimate wellbore events | |
| US9476295B2 (en) | Plunger fall time identification method and usage | |
| RU2567573C2 (en) | Calculation of delay with correction of caving in open shaft | |
| Liang et al. | Intelligent early warning model of early-stage overflow based on dynamic clustering | |
| US20050033530A1 (en) | Flow rate determination | |
| EP3144643A1 (en) | A method for estimating a flow out of a fluid pump, associated calculation system and associated drilling installation | |
| US20080230221A1 (en) | Methods and systems for monitoring near-wellbore and far-field reservoir properties using formation-embedded pressure sensors | |
| CN114991690A (en) | Formation pressure test while drilling method and device | |
| CN114427444A (en) | Bottom hole pressure prediction method for oil production well in flowing period |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |