CN111118680B

CN111118680B - High-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric

Info

Publication number: CN111118680B
Application number: CN201910791998.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张昌录
Original assignee: Jiangsu Da Mao Niu New Material Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Da Mao Niu New Material Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-08-26
Filing date: 2019-08-26
Publication date: 2021-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-26
Also published as: CN111118680A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of shoes, clothes and homes, in particular to a high-elasticity wear-resistant fabric. The invention relates to a high-elasticity wear-resistant fabric which is prepared by mixing and weaving spandex, chinlon and polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, wherein the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber is a skin-core structure composite fiber.

Description

High-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of shoes, clothes and homes, in particular to a high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric.

Background

In work, study or daily life, people move all the time, worn clothes continuously rub other objects, and wear and deformation of certain parts, such as knee joints, elbow joints, oxter parts, thigh roots and the like, often occur in the long-time use process, so that the surfaces of the clothes are raised, pilling and even damaged, and therefore, in order to seek beauty, comfort and economy, people have high requirements on the wear resistance and elasticity of the clothes, particularly sports clothes, shoe materials, outdoor articles and the like.

Because the nylon has excellent wear resistance and strength, and the spandex has excellent elasticity, the high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric is usually prepared by blending the nylon and the spandex in the prior art, but the defects of the fiber, such as poor light resistance of the nylon fiber, easy yellowing of the fabric after long-time exposure to the sun, reduced strength, low moisture absorption capacity, poor comfort, easy fluffing, pilling, deformation and the like, poor moisture absorption of the spandex, high cost and easy pilling and yellowing of the spandex are difficult to overcome by the conventional physical blending process. In addition, the prior art also discloses a method for improving the wear resistance and elasticity of fabrics by surface modification, such as chemical vapor deposition, solution impregnation, etc., and although these modification methods improve the wear resistance and elasticity of fabrics to some extent, they do not simultaneously impair other inherent properties of the original fabrics, such as water absorption, air permeability, softness, etc., to a great extent, and thus cannot meet the needs of people for beautiful and comfortable clothes.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric which is prepared from chinlon, spandex and functional fibers through a blended spinning process, wherein the spandex accounts for 4-10 wt%, and the functional fibers account for 4-15 wt%.

As a preferred technical scheme, the functional fiber is prepared from a skin layer spinning solution and a core layer spinning solution through a wet spinning process, wherein the skin layer spinning solution comprises nano titanium dioxide, and the core layer spinning solution comprises polyacrylonitrile.

As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the nano titanium dioxide is modified nano titanium dioxide modified by a silane coupling agent; the silane coupling agent is a compound of a silane coupling agent containing epoxy groups and a long alkyl chain silane coupling agent.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the epoxy-containing silane coupling agent is 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and the long alkyl chain silane coupling agent is isooctyltriethoxysilane.

As a preferable technical scheme, the weight ratio of 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl methyldiethoxysilane to isooctyl triethoxysilane in the compound is (1-3): 1.

as a preferable technical scheme, the content of the modified nano titanium dioxide in the cortex spinning solution is 0.5-3 wt%.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the cortex spinning solution also comprises a fluorine-containing epoxy compound; the fluorine-containing epoxy compound is 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether, and the content of the fluorine-containing epoxy compound is 1.2-2.7 wt%.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the cortex spinning solution further comprises 6-10 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol.

As a preferable technical scheme, the sum of the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether and the modified nano titanium dioxide accounts for 50-70 wt% of the content of the polyvinyl alcohol.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the content of the polyacrylonitrile in the core layer spinning solution is not more than 40 wt%.

Has the advantages that: the invention provides a high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric which is prepared from chinlon, spandex and polyacrylonitrile functional fiber by a blended spinning process, wherein in the preparation process of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, modified nano titanium dioxide is added into a skin layer spinning solution, so that the ultraviolet resistance of the functional fiber is improved, the wear resistance and hand feeling of the functional fiber are obviously improved, the wear resistance, elasticity, hand feeling, pilling resistance, deformation resistance and other properties of the obtained fabric are obviously improved compared with those of the conventional chinlon fiber fabric, and meanwhile, the functional fiber has higher porosity by regulating and controlling components of the polyacrylonitrile fiber spinning solution and a coagulation bath, such as fluorine-containing epoxy compounds, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, glycidyl methacrylate, dimethyl sulfoxide, triethylene diamine and other components, and process parameters such as temperature, time and the like, the obtained fabric has the functions of moisture absorption and sweat conduction, can rapidly absorb and transmit sweat on the surface of human skin, takes away heat on the surface of the skin and makes the human body feel comfortable.

Detailed Description

The disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.

The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.

When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.

In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are not intended to limit the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the stated number clearly indicates that the singular form is intended.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric which is prepared from chinlon, spandex and functional fibers through a blended spinning process.

In some embodiments, the spandex is present in an amount of 4 to 10 wt%, and the functional fiber is present in an amount of 4 to 15 wt%; preferably, 7 wt% of spandex, 10 wt% of functional fiber and 83 wt% of chinlon are used.

Spandex

Spandex, which is a short name for polyurethane fiber, is an elastic fiber having high elongation at break, low elastic modulus and high elastic recovery, but is poor in heat resistance and moisture absorption, and is not generally used alone but incorporated in a small amount into fabrics.

The spandex in the present invention can be obtained commercially, for example, commercially available spandex includes, but is not limited to, those purchased from the university boat chemical fiber tricot department of orychop, division 201 (white, filament).

Nylon

Polyamide fiber, commonly known as nylon, is abbreviated as PA (polyamide) in English, has strong intramolecular acting force of polymer materials, and has dense molecular arrangement, so that the polyamide fiber has excellent wear resistance and strength, and can be used for manufacturing outdoor mountaineering and winter clothes, but the polyamide fiber has poor light resistance, the fabric becomes yellow after being dried for a long time, the strength is reduced, the outdoor fabric is not suitable to be manufactured, the moisture absorption capacity of the polyamide fiber is low, the comfort is poor, in addition, the direct current conductivity of the polyamide fiber is low, static electricity is easy to generate due to friction in the processing process, the clothes are easy to fluff after being worn for a long time, and the initial modulus of the polyamide fiber is small, and the fabric is easy to wrinkle, stiff and easy to deform.

The nylon of the present invention can be obtained commercially, for example, commercially available nylon includes but is not limited to nylon available from Nantong Jinda chemical fiber company Limited under the product number PH6-HTY (filament).

The functional fiber is polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, is a skin-core structure composite fiber and is prepared by a wet spinning process.

Sheath-core structure composite fiber

The skin-core structure composite fiber is a fiber in which two polymers respectively and continuously form a skin layer and a core layer along the longitudinal direction of the fiber, and is a skin-core type composite fiber with concentric and eccentric circles, and a slightly-shaped core cross section and a skin-core are both special-shaped.

Wet spinning process

The wet spinning process specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a spinning solution: respectively dissolving a skin layer raw material and a core layer raw material in an organic solvent to prepare a skin layer spinning solution and a core layer spinning solution;

s2, spinning: s1, extruding the spinning solution through a spinneret orifice of a spinneret assembly to obtain spinning trickle;

s3, solidification and forming: s2, allowing the spinning trickle to enter a coagulating bath for coagulation and forming to obtain nascent fiber;

s4, correction: and S3, carrying out hot drafting treatment, water washing treatment and drying thermoforming treatment on the nascent fiber to obtain the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber.

In some embodiments, the organic solvent is selected from one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, acetone.

The spinning method for preparing the sheath-core structure composite fiber can be used for spinning by the conventional spinning method for preparing the sheath-core structure composite fiber by a person skilled in the art, namely, the core layer spinning solution is filled into the inner cylinder of the sleeve storage bin, the sheath layer spinning solution is filled into the outer cylinder of the sleeve storage bin, the dosage of the metering pump is metered, the mixture is conveyed to the double-ring sleeve-shaped spinneret plate through the sleeve liquid conveying pipe at the same speed, and the spinning fine flow is extruded through the spinneret orifice of the spinneret assembly to.

In the invention, the coagulation forming is to enter a coagulation bath through spinning trickle of a spinning nozzle for coagulation forming to obtain nascent fiber.

Coagulating bath

The coagulation bath is a bath solution for forming a fiber by coagulating or chemically changing a spinning stream of a spinning colloidal solution passing through a spinneret when producing a chemical fiber.

In some embodiments, the coagulation bath is a 25 wt% aqueous sodium sulfate solution.

In some embodiments, the coagulation bath further comprises 8 to 50 wt% dimethyl sulfoxide; preferably, the content of dimethyl sulfoxide in the coagulation bath is 29% by weight.

In some embodiments, the coagulation bath further comprises 0.2 to 2 wt% of triethylene diamine; preferably, the content of triethylenediamine in the coagulation bath is 1.1 wt%.

In some embodiments, the temperature of the coagulation bath is 10-20 ℃, and the spinning trickle stays in the coagulation bath for 20-25 s; preferably, the temperature of the coagulation bath is 15 ℃ and the spinning stream remains in the coagulation bath for 23 s.

The correction treatment comprises hot drawing treatment, water washing treatment and drying heat setting treatment.

In some embodiments, the heat-drawing process is a three-stage heat-drawing process, wherein the first stage heat-drawing temperature is 100 to 105 ℃, the second stage heat-drawing temperature is 110 to 120 ℃, and the third stage heat-drawing temperature is 125 to 130 ℃.

In some embodiments, the water washing temperature is 85-100 ℃, and the fiber stays in the water washing tank for 15-30 s; preferably, the water washing temperature is 90 ℃, and the fiber stays in the water washing tank for 20 s.

In some embodiments, the drying and heat setting are performed under vacuum at 50-60 ℃ for 12-24 hours; preferably, the temperature is 55 ℃ and the time is 18 h.

In some embodiments, the skin layer dope comprises nano titanium dioxide.

Nano titanium dioxide

The nanometer titanium dioxide, also called titanium dioxide, has the diameter of less than 100 nanometers, is white loose powder in appearance, has the performances of ultraviolet resistance, antibiosis, self-cleaning and ageing resistance, and can be used in the fields of cosmetics, functional fibers, plastics and the like.

In a preferred embodiment, the nano titanium dioxide is modified nano titanium dioxide modified by a silane coupling agent.

Silane coupling agent

The silane coupling agent is a low molecular organosilicon compound with a special structure and has a general formula of RSiX₃Wherein R represents amino, sulfydryl, vinyl, epoxy, cyano, methyl-propyl-vinyl-acyloxy and other groups, the groups have stronger reaction capability with different matrix resins, and X represents a group capable of being hydrolyzed, such as halogen, alkoxy, acyloxy and the like, so that the silane coupling agent can interact with hydroxyl in an inorganic substance and a long molecular chain in an organic polymer, so that two materials with different properties are coupled, and various properties of the materials are improved.

In some embodiments, the silane coupling agent is a combination of an epoxy-containing silane coupling agent and a long alkyl chain silane coupling agent.

In a preferred embodiment, the epoxy-containing silane coupling agent is 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane and the long alkyl chain silane coupling agent is isooctyltriethoxysilane.

In a more preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane to isooctyltriethoxysilane in the formulation is (1-3): 1; preferably, the weight ratio of 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane to isooctyltriethoxysilane in the formulation is 2: 1.

modified nano titanium dioxide

In some embodiments, the preparation of the modified nano titanium dioxide comprises the following steps:

adding 2.6g of nano titanium dioxide and 120ml of anhydrous toluene into a 200ml round bottom flask, ultrasonically dispersing for 20min, adding 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl methyldiethoxysilane (CAS: 2897-60-1), isooctyltriethoxysilane (CAS: 35435-21-3) and pyridine, heating and refluxing for 4 hours, filtering, washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain the modified nano titanium dioxide.

The nano titanium dioxide can be obtained commercially, for example, the commercially available nano titanium dioxide comprises but is not limited to a product (appearance: white powder, content: 99.9%, particle size: 60nm, specific surface area: 5-15 m) of VK-T60 (model VK-T) of Hangzhou Zhi Ti purification technology ltd²(ii)/g; the crystal form is as follows: rutile).

In some embodiments, the sheath spin dope further comprises a fluorine-containing epoxy compound.

In a preferred embodiment, the fluorine-containing epoxy compound is 2, 2-bisphenol-based hexafluoropropane glyceryl ether.

In some more preferred embodiments, the mass of the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane in the sheath spinning dope is 1.2-2.7 wt%; preferably, the mass of the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane is 2.0 wt% in the sheath spinning solution.

The applicant introduces hydrophobic components on the surface of the fiber in order to improve the performances of the fiber such as oil resistance, stain resistance and the like, and finds that not all hydrophobic materials can be normally used in the system and can achieve good effects of oil resistance, stain resistance and the like. The applicant finds that the oil-proof and anti-fouling effect of the fiber can be improved to a certain extent after a certain amount of 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether is added into the cortex spinning solution, but the viscosity of the spinning solution can be influenced due to the addition of the component, so that the strength of the cortex solution is low when the spinning solution is extruded, the fracture of the nascent fiber is easily caused, especially, the spinnability of the composite fiber is obviously influenced when the content of polyvinyl alcohol in the cortex spinning solution is low, and therefore, the content of the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether cannot be too high and is matched with the polyvinyl alcohol.

Secondly, the applicant found that the water-proof, oil-proof and stain-proof ability of the composite fiber is further improved and the mechanical strength is further improved after a certain amount of triethylene diamine is added for adjusting the acidity and alkalinity of the coagulation bath. Probably because triethylene diamine can also catalyze 2, 2-bisphenol group hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether in the cortex spinning dope while adjusting the acid-base property of the coagulating bath, open the epoxy group in the molecular chain of the triethylene diamine, so that the triethylene diamine is crosslinked to form a compact cortex structure, and because the content of the 2, 2-bisphenol group hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether is low, the formed crosslinking network is distributed in the whole cortex structure, and the dope in the cortex provides good supporting function, the damage and collapse of the fiber structure in the coagulating process are avoided, and the pore size and the small pores with uniform distribution are also favorably formed in the coagulating and washing processes.

In some embodiments, the sheath dope further comprises polyvinyl alcohol.

In a preferred embodiment, the content of the polyvinyl alcohol in the skin layer spinning solution is 6-10 wt%; preferably, the content of the polyvinyl alcohol in the sheath spinning dope is 8 wt%.

Polyvinyl alcohol

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) for short, CAS number 9002-89-5, is a white flaky, flocculent or powdered solid organic compound, is dissolved in water (above 95 ℃) and is slightly soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide, and is used for manufacturing polyvinyl acetal, gasoline-resistant pipelines, vinylon synthetic fibers, fabric treating agents, emulsifiers, paper coatings, adhesives, glue and the like.

The polyvinyl alcohol of the invention can be obtained by commercial methods, such as the commercially available polyvinyl alcohol, including but not limited to the product (acidolysis degree: 86.0-90.0% (mol/mol), ash content: less than or equal to 0.5%, polymerization degree: 1850-.

In a preferred embodiment, the sum of the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether and the modified nano titanium dioxide accounts for 50-70 wt% of the content of the polyvinyl alcohol; preferably, the sum of the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether and the modified nano titanium dioxide accounts for 60 wt% of the polyvinyl alcohol content.

In order to improve the ultraviolet protection performance of the functional fiber, a certain amount of nano titanium dioxide is added into the cortex spinning solution, and because the compatibility between the nano titanium dioxide and polyvinyl alcohol in the cortex spinning solution is poor, a silane coupling agent is required to modify the nano titanium dioxide, so that the compatibility between the cortex raw materials is improved. However, the applicant unexpectedly discovers that the introduction of the nano titanium dioxide can not only improve the ultraviolet resistance of the functional fiber, but also unexpectedly and remarkably improve the wear resistance and hand feeling of the functional fiber, so that the prepared fabric has stronger wear resistance and better hand feeling than the conventional nylon fiber fabric, and can be spun to prepare high-grade fabrics besides being suitable for mountaineering wear, down jackets and the like. Probably because the modified nano titanium dioxide is uniformly distributed on the surface of the functional fiber, the modified nano titanium dioxide can absorb ultraviolet rays and is beneficial to improving the sunlight resistance of the fabric. Meanwhile, due to the interaction between the small holes uniformly distributed on the surface of the functional fiber and the modified nano titanium dioxide, the surface of the fiber has certain roughness, so that better cohesive force is provided between the fiber and the chinlon and spandex in the blended fiber, the phenomenon that the broken thread ends in the fabric are moved to the surface of the fabric due to stretching and the like to be entangled and form balls is avoided, and the blended fiber has higher modulus, so that the fabric is fine and compact, and is not easy to deform during washing. Meanwhile, due to the longitudinal small holes distributed on the functional fibers, the air permeability and the moisture permeability of the obtained fabric are not influenced while the blended fibers have good cohesive force.

The applicant also finds that the dosage ratio of the 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl methyldiethoxysilane to the isooctyl triethoxysilane has a crucial influence on the improvement of the problems of fiber hand feeling, easy deformation of fabrics, easy pilling and the like. When the single component is adopted, the wear resistance of the functional fiber is obviously reduced, and the defects of washing deformation, pilling and the like of the obtained fabric are not obviously improved. Probably, when the modified nano titanium dioxide is used according to a specific proportion, the two components reach a certain balance, so that the modified nano titanium dioxide can move on the surface of the functional fiber under a specific condition, the surface performance of the functional fiber and the acting force between the blended fibers can be adjusted to a certain extent due to the change of conditions such as humidity, temperature and the like, and therefore the fabric cannot deform due to washing and the like, and pilling is reduced.

In addition, the applicant finds that when the sum of the contents of the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether and the modified nano titanium dioxide accounts for about 60 wt% of the content of the polyvinyl alcohol, the air permeability and moisture permeability of the obtained functional fiber and the properties of hand feeling, pilling resistance, deformation resistance and the like of the fabric are remarkably improved. Probably because the functional fiber is washed by boiling water in the process of preparing the functional fiber, the polyvinyl alcohol in the functional fiber skin layer is dissolved and removed by water washing, after the polyvinyl alcohol in the skin layer is dissolved, the fluorine-containing glycidyl ether and the modified nano titanium dioxide which are subjected to cross linking remain in the skin layer, micropores are formed on the original position of the polyvinyl alcohol, and are connected with micropores formed in the core layer due to curing shrinkage to form a channel for perspiration and ventilation. When the content of the polyvinyl alcohol is much higher than that of the fluorine-containing glycidyl ether and the modified nano titanium dioxide, uniform holes cannot be formed in the skin layer due to the fact that a large amount of polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved after the skin layer is washed by boiling water, and even the surface of the functional fiber is too loose due to the fact that the content of the polyvinyl alcohol is too high, so that the heat treatment, the stretching and other processes and mechanical properties of the fiber are affected.

In some embodiments, the polyacrylonitrile is present in the core spin dope in an amount of no more than 40 wt%.

In a preferred embodiment, the content of polyacrylonitrile in the core layer spinning solution is 34-38 wt%; preferably, the polyacrylonitrile content in the core layer spinning solution is 36 wt%.

Polyacrylonitrile

Polyacrylonitrile, abbreviated as PAN (polyacrylonitrile) in English, with CAS number 25014-41-9, is a chemical substance obtained by free radical polymerization of monomer acrylonitrile, and is mainly used for preparing polyacrylonitrile fibers.

The polyacrylonitrile according to the present invention can be obtained commercially, for example, commercially available polyacrylonitrile includes but is not limited to products (white powder) available from Kaldo Taicano plastics materials Co., Ltd., brand No. P-100C.

In some embodiments, the core spin dope further comprises glycidyl methacrylate.

In a preferred embodiment, the content of the glycidyl methacrylate in the core layer spinning solution is 1-5 wt%; preferably, the content of the glycidyl methacrylate in the core spinning dope is 3 wt%.

Glycidyl methacrylate

Glycidyl methacrylate, abbreviated as GMA (glycidyl methacrylate) and CAS number 106-91-2.

The glycidyl methacrylate of the present invention can be obtained commercially, for example, commercially available glycidyl methacrylate includes, but is not limited to, products purchased from chemical company ltd.

The applicant finds that after 1-5 wt% of glycidyl methacrylate is added into a core layer spinning solution, the performance and structure stability of the composite fiber can be improved, and the moisture-conducting and air-permeable effect and the mechanical strength of the composite fiber are obviously improved. Probably because after a specific amount of glycidyl methacrylate is added into the core layer, crosslinking is formed under the catalytic action of triethylene diamine in the solidification process, the solidification forming speed of the core layer is improved, and the structure of the core layer is favorably maintained not to collapse in the solidification process. And because the shrinkage can take place to form the aperture in the solidification process, form the cortex macropore after the polyvinyl alcohol in the cortex is dissolved away to compound fiber through the washing, the structure of the core layer aperture, and whole hole is distributed and perforated at random, can not only absorb moisture but also perspire like this, improve the fibrous comprehensive effect.

According to the invention, the structural morphology of the composite fiber is effectively regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the parameters of the core layer spinning solution, the skin layer spinning solution, the coagulation bath components, the temperature and the like, the stability and the preparation process are improved, the through hole composite fiber with larger size holes uniformly distributed on the surface and small size holes inside is prepared, and a large amount of air can be blocked in the through holes, so that the prepared fabric is fluffy, light and soft, and has good comfort. In addition, the blended fiber in the prepared fabric comprises 4-10 wt% of spandex, 4-15 wt% of functional fiber, and the defects that the nylon fiber fabric is easy to deform and pilling and the like in washing are effectively overcome while the high elasticity of the spandex and the good wear resistance of the nylon are fully utilized. On the premise of regulating and controlling the raw material components, the dosage proportion and the preparation process parameters of the functional fiber core layer and the functional fiber skin layer, the cohesive force between fibers is improved and the contact area and the friction force between the blend fibers are improved by regulating and controlling the dosages of the three fibers in the blend fibers, so that the slippage of broken fibers in the fabric is reduced, and the pilling and washing deformation of the fabric are avoided. Meanwhile, due to the surface specificity of the functional fibers, the ultraviolet resistance and the wear resistance of the fabric are improved, and the air permeability and the moisture conductivity of the fabric are obviously improved.

Examples

Example 1

Embodiment 1 provides a high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric, which is prepared by blending and spinning 7 wt% of spandex, 10 wt% of polyacrylonitrile functional fiber and 83 wt% of chinlon, and comprises the following specific steps: spandex, polyacrylonitrile functional fiber and chinlon form elastic yarn through core covering, then twisted yarn is made through twisting, and after boiling-off, bleaching and dyeing, the yarn is divided into strips and drawn, healed and reeded, and woven by a weaving machine to obtain grey cloth, and the grey cloth is subjected to after-treatment to obtain the directly-used fabric.

The spandex is purchased from the chemical fiber back and forth department of the boat of Zhu Ching, and the product number is 201;

the chinlon is purchased from Nantong Jinda chemical fiber company Limited under the product number of PH 6-HTY.

The preparation method of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a spinning solution: dissolving modified nano titanium dioxide, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether and polyvinyl alcohol in dimethyl sulfoxide to prepare a cortical spinning solution, and homogenizing and defoaming for later use; dissolving polyacrylonitrile and glycidyl methacrylate in a dimethyl sulfoxide solvent to prepare a core layer spinning solution, and homogenizing and defoaming for later use;

s2, spinning: s1, filling the core layer spinning solution into an inner barrel of a sleeve storage bin, filling the skin layer spinning solution into an outer barrel of the sleeve storage bin, metering the dosage of a pump, conveying the core layer spinning solution to a double-ring sleeve-shaped spinneret plate through a sleeve liquid conveying pipe at the same speed, and extruding the core layer spinning solution through spinneret holes of a spinneret assembly to obtain spinning trickle;

s3, solidification and forming: s2, allowing the spinning trickle to enter a 25 wt% sodium sulfate aqueous solution containing 8 wt% of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.2 wt% of triethylene diamine for solidification and forming to obtain nascent fiber, wherein the temperature of a solidification bath is 15 ℃, and the spinning trickle stays in the solidification bath for 23S;

s4, correction: s3, subjecting the nascent fiber to three-stage hot drawing treatment, wherein the first-stage hot drawing temperature is 100 ℃, the second-stage hot drawing temperature is 110 ℃, and the third-stage hot drawing temperature is 125 ℃; then washing the polyacrylonitrile fiber with water at 90 ℃ for about 20s, and drying and heat setting the polyacrylonitrile fiber under vacuum at 55 ℃ for 18h to obtain the polyacrylonitrile fiber.

The concentrations of the modified nano titanium dioxide, the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether and the polyvinyl alcohol in the cortex spinning solution are respectively 0.5 wt%, 1.2 wt% and 6 wt%, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is purchased from Henan Guanghong Chemicals Co., Ltd and has the model number of 2088.

The concentrations of polyacrylonitrile and glycidyl methacrylate in the core layer spinning solution are respectively 34 wt% and 1 wt%, wherein the polyacrylonitrile is purchased from Taicankeerda plastics materials Co., Ltd and the trade name is P-100C.

The preparation of the modified nano titanium dioxide comprises the following steps:

after 2.6g of nano titanium dioxide and 120ml of anhydrous toluene are added into a 200ml round bottom flask, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 20min, 2.2g of 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl methyl diethoxysilane (CAS: 2897-60-1), 2.2g of isooctyl triethoxysilane (CAS: 35435-21-3) and 25 μ l of pyridine are added, and heating reflux reaction is carried out for 4 hours, then filtration, ethanol washing and drying are carried out, thus obtaining the modified nano titanium dioxide.

The nano titanium dioxide is purchased from Hangzhou Zhi Ti purification technology Co., Ltd, and the model is VK-T60.

Example 2

Embodiment 2 provides a high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric, which is prepared by blending and spinning 7 wt% of spandex, 10 wt% of polyacrylonitrile functional fiber and 83 wt% of chinlon, and comprises the following specific steps: spandex, polyacrylonitrile functional fiber and chinlon form elastic yarn through core covering, then twisted yarn is made through twisting, and after boiling-off, bleaching and dyeing, the yarn is divided into strips and drawn, healed and reeded, and woven by a weaving machine to obtain grey cloth, and the grey cloth is subjected to after-treatment to obtain the directly-used fabric.

s3, solidification and forming: s2, allowing the spinning trickle to enter a 25 wt% sodium sulfate aqueous solution containing 50 wt% of dimethyl sulfoxide and 2 wt% of triethylene diamine for solidification and forming to obtain nascent fiber, wherein the temperature of a solidification bath is 15 ℃, and the spinning trickle stays in the solidification bath for 23S;

The concentrations of the modified nano titanium dioxide, the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether and the polyvinyl alcohol in the cortex spinning solution are respectively 3 wt%, 2.7 wt% and 10 wt%, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is purchased from Henan Guanghong chemical products Co., Ltd and has the model number of 2088.

The concentrations of polyacrylonitrile and glycidyl methacrylate in the core layer spinning solution are respectively 38 wt% and 5 wt%, wherein the polyacrylonitrile is purchased from Taicankeerda plastics materials Co., Ltd and the trade name is P-100C.

after 2.6g of nano titanium dioxide and 120ml of anhydrous toluene are added into a 200ml round bottom flask, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 20min, 6.6g of 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl methyl diethoxysilane (CAS: 2897-60-1), 2.2g of isooctyl triethoxysilane (CAS: 35435-21-3) and 25 μ l of pyridine are added, heating reflux reaction is carried out for 4 hours, and then filtration, ethanol washing and drying are carried out to obtain the modified nano titanium dioxide.

Example 3

Embodiment 3 provides a high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric, which is prepared by blending and spinning 7 wt% of spandex, 10 wt% of polyacrylonitrile functional fiber and 83 wt% of chinlon, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, covering spandex, polyacrylonitrile functional fiber and chinlon to form elastic yarn, then twisting to prepare twisted yarn, boiling, bleaching and dyeing, then carrying out splitting drafting, drafting and denting and weaving by a loom to prepare grey cloth, and carrying out after-treatment on the grey cloth to prepare the directly-used fabric.

s3, solidification and forming: s2, allowing the spinning trickle to enter a 25 wt% sodium sulfate aqueous solution containing 29 wt% of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1.1 wt% of triethylene diamine for solidification and forming to obtain nascent fiber, wherein the temperature of a solidification bath is 15 ℃, and the spinning trickle stays in the solidification bath for 23S;

The concentrations of the modified nano titanium dioxide, the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether and the polyvinyl alcohol in the cortex spinning solution are respectively 1.7 wt%, 2.0 wt% and 8 wt%, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is purchased from Henan Guanghong Chemicals Co., Ltd and has the model number of 2088.

The concentrations of polyacrylonitrile and glycidyl methacrylate in the core layer spinning solution are respectively 36 wt% and 3 wt%, wherein the polyacrylonitrile is purchased from Taicankeerda plastics materials Co., Ltd and the trade name is P-100C.

after 2.6g of nano titanium dioxide and 120ml of anhydrous toluene are added into a 200ml round bottom flask, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 20min, 4.4g of 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl methyl diethoxysilane (CAS: 2897-60-1), 2.2g of isooctyl triethoxysilane (CAS: 35435-21-3) and 25 μ l of pyridine are added, heating reflux reaction is carried out for 4 hours, and then filtration, ethanol washing and drying are carried out to obtain the modified nano titanium dioxide.

Example 4

Embodiment 4 provides a high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric, which is prepared by blending and spinning 7 wt% of spandex, 10 wt% of polyacrylonitrile functional fiber and 83 wt% of chinlon, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, covering spandex, polyacrylonitrile functional fiber and chinlon to form elastic yarn, then twisting to prepare twisted yarn, boiling, bleaching and dyeing, then carrying out splitting drafting, drafting and denting and weaving by a loom to prepare grey cloth, and carrying out after-treatment on the grey cloth to prepare the directly-used fabric.

The concentrations of the modified nano titanium dioxide, the 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether and the polyvinyl alcohol in the cortex spinning solution are respectively 2.3 wt%, 2.5 wt% and 8 wt%, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is purchased from Henan Guanghong Chemicals Co., Ltd and has the model number of 2088.

Example 5

Example 5 compared with example 4, the content of the modified nano titanium dioxide and 2, 2-bisphenol based hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether in the skin layer spinning solution was 3 wt% and 2.7 wt%, respectively.

Comparative example 1

Comparative example 1 compared with example 4, in the preparation of modified nano titanium dioxide, 6.6g of isooctyltriethoxysilane was added without 3-glycidyl ether oxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and the other steps were the same as in example 4.

Comparative example 2

Comparative example 2 compared with example 4, in the preparation of modified nano titanium dioxide, 6.6g 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane without isooctyltriethoxysilane was added, and the other steps were the same as in example 4.

Comparative example 3

Comparative example 3 in comparison with example 4, in the preparation of modified nano titanium dioxide, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane and isooctyltriethoxysilane were replaced with vinyltrichlorosilane (CAS: 95-94-5) and vinyltriphenylsilane (CAS: 18666-68-7), respectively, and the rest was the same as in example 4.

Comparative example 4

Compared with the example 4, in the preparation process of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, unmodified nano titanium dioxide is added into the skin layer spinning solution, and the rest is the same as the example 4.

Comparative example 5

Compared with the example 4, in the preparation process of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, titanium dioxide is not added in the skin layer spinning solution, and the rest is the same as the example 4.

Comparative example 6

Compared with the example 4, in the preparation process of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, the fluorine-containing epoxy compound is not added in the skin layer spinning solution, and the rest is the same as the example 4.

Comparative example 7

Comparative example 7 in comparison with example 4, in the preparation of polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, 2-biphenol-based hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether in the sheath dope was replaced with trifluoroethyl methacrylate (CAS:352-87-4), and the other was the same as in example 4.

Comparative example 8

Comparative example 8 compared with example 4, in the preparation of polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, the content of 2, 2-bisphenol based hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether in the sheath spinning dope was 3.5 wt%, and the other steps were the same as example 4.

Comparative example 9

Compared with the example 4, in the preparation process of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, the content of the polyvinyl alcohol in the skin layer spinning solution is 5 wt%, the content of the polyacrylonitrile in the core layer spinning solution is 40 wt%, and the rest is the same as the example 4.

Comparative example 10

Compared with the example 4, in the preparation process of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, the content of polyacrylonitrile in the core layer spinning solution is 20 wt%, and the rest is the same as the example 4.

Comparative example 11

Compared with the example 4, in the preparation process of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, the core layer spinning solution does not contain glycidyl methacrylate, and the rest is the same as the example 4.

Comparative example 12

Comparative example 12 compared with example 4, the preparation of polyacrylonitrile functional fiber has no triethylene diamine in the coagulating bath, and the rest is the same as example 4.

Comparative example 13

Comparative example 13 compared with example 4, in the preparation process of polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, the washing temperature is 100 ℃, the fiber stays in the washing tank for 5s, and the rest is the same as example 4.

Evaluation of Performance

1. Porosity of functional fiber

The test is carried out by a density bottle weighing method, and the calculation formula is as follows, wherein W₁Is the wet quality of the fibre, W₂Is the dry mass of the fiber, rho is the density of distilled water, and V is the apparent volume of the fiber:

δ＝(W₁-W₂)×V/ρ×100％

2. air permeability of fabric

The air permeability of the fabric was tested according to GB/T5453-1997 determination of air permeability of textile fabrics, the test results being expressed in air permeability.

3. Hand feeling of fabric

And (3) comprehensively evaluating each group of fabrics by 7 quality inspectors in the modes of touching, pinching, rubbing, grabbing, shaking, pulling and the like, grading the fabrics mainly from the aspects of smooth softness, fluffy stiffness, elasticity and recovery degree, and then averaging and equally dividing the fabrics into A, B, C, D four grades, wherein A is the best.

4. Abrasion resistance of fabric

The abrasion resistance of the fabric was tested according to the astm d3884 abrasion resistance test method, and the results are expressed as abrasion resistance times.

5. Quality evaluation of functional fiber

Defects including abnormal fibers such as stiff yarns, doubled yarns, stiff yarns, head injection yarns, rubber blocks and the like appear in the production process of the composite fibers, the quality of each group of the composite fibers is judged by 7 quality inspectors according to conventional experience with a monthly period and is scored, and then the fibers are divided into three grades of excellent, good and qualified by averaging.

Table 1 performance characterization test

As can be seen from the table 1, the porosity of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber is improved and the preparation process thereof is improved by regulating and controlling the process parameters such as the raw liquid components, the temperature, the time and the like in the preparation process of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber, and the prepared functional fiber has better quality, and therefore, the fabric prepared by blending the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber with spandex and chinlon also has better strength, moisture absorption and air permeability. Meanwhile, by combining the example 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 5, the addition of the modified nano titanium dioxide in the preparation process of the polyacrylonitrile functional fiber can not only enhance the sunlight resistance of the fabric, but also improve the wear resistance and hand feeling of the fabric.

The foregoing examples are merely illustrative and serve to explain some of the features of the method of the present invention. The appended claims are intended to claim as broad a scope as is contemplated, and the examples presented herein are merely illustrative of selected implementations in accordance with all possible combinations of examples. Accordingly, it is applicants' intention that the appended claims are not to be limited by the choice of examples illustrating features of the invention. Also, where numerical ranges are used in the claims, subranges therein are included, and variations in these ranges are also to be construed as possible being covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric is characterized by being prepared from chinlon, spandex and functional fibers through a blended spinning process, wherein the spandex accounts for 4-10 wt%, and the functional fibers account for 4-15 wt%;

the functional fiber is prepared from a skin layer spinning solution and a core layer spinning solution through a wet spinning process, wherein the skin layer spinning solution comprises nano titanium dioxide, and the core layer spinning solution comprises polyacrylonitrile;

the nano titanium dioxide is modified nano titanium dioxide modified by a silane coupling agent; the silane coupling agent is a compound of a silane coupling agent containing epoxy groups and a long alkyl chain silane coupling agent;

the skin layer spinning solution also comprises a fluorine-containing epoxy compound; the fluorine-containing epoxy compound is 2, 2-bisphenol hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether, and the content of the fluorine-containing epoxy compound is 1.2-2.7 wt%;

the skin layer spinning solution also comprises 6-10 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol.

2. The high-elasticity abrasion-resistant fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein the epoxy-containing silane coupling agent is 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl methyldiethoxysilane; the long alkyl chain silane coupling agent is isooctyl triethoxysilane.

3. The high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric according to claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl methyldiethoxysilane to the isooctyltriethoxysilane in the compound is (1-3): 1.

4. the high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric according to claim 3, wherein the content of the modified nano titanium dioxide in the skin layer spinning solution is 0.5-3 wt%.

5. The high-elasticity wear-resistant fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the 2, 2-bisphenol-based hexafluoropropane diglycidyl ether and the modified nano titanium dioxide accounts for 50-70 wt% of the polyvinyl alcohol.

6. The high-elasticity abrasion-resistant fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein the polyacrylonitrile content in the core layer spinning solution is not more than 40 wt%.