CN111109196A - 一种竹狸疾病防治养殖方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及竹狸养殖技术领域,具体为一种竹狸疾病防治养殖方法。采用的技术方案是,养殖环境管理:控制养殖房的温度为8~28℃、湿度为45~75%;在养殖房的养殖池内铺设干稻草或干木屑,且每天更换并打扫一次,在养殖池外种植植物,种植的植物能够作为竹狸的饲料,每周对养殖房进行一次消毒处理;饲喂管理:每天分多个时段分别喂食粗料和精料;在每1000克精料中均匀拌有15~25克鬼针草粉和3~5克松针粉形成带药饲料,如果有病症,将精料换成带药饲料每天喂食,三天为一个疗程;如果无病症,每周喂食一次带药饲料。本发明通过提供良好的生活环境和营养均衡的饲喂方式,促进了竹狸的健康快速地成长,降低了病害率和死亡率,从而提高了经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及竹狸养殖技术领域,具体为一种竹狸疾病防治养殖方法。
背景技术
竹狸,又称竹鼠,以竹子、芒草、植物茎秆等为食,因吃竹而得名。以夜间活动较频繁,白天少食多睡,夜间吃食旺盛。其活动规律可分活动周期和休息周期。无饮水习性,水分多从食物中摄入。鼠皮毛细软,毛绒丰足、色泽光润、板质良好,是制裘原料皮。中华竹狸皮毛细软,底绒厚,是制裘衣、皮领、帽子的上等原料。竹狸须是制作毛笔的高档原料。由于竹狸集毛皮、肉、药、观赏于一身,因此在国内外市场上一直畅销不衰,其经济效益十分显著。
竹狸养殖项目具有适应性广、占地面积少、节约粮食、容易管理、繁殖力强、生长发育快、对环境污染少、产品绿色环保、利润丰厚等优点,不但可以在农村大力发展,而且也适合城镇居民的家庭式、工厂化的规模养殖。但是竹狸的人工养殖过程中仍然存在着不少问题,例如养殖环境卫生指标差,采食不均匀,不能满足竹狸生长期的营养需求和生理需求,特别是对疾病的抵抗性差,饲养不当容易造成竹狸生病、腹泻,使竹狸的存活率降低,直接关系着经济效益。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术中所存在的问题,本发明提供了一种竹狸疾病防治养殖方法,采用的技术方案是,养殖环境管理:控制养殖房的温度为8~28℃、湿度为45~75%;在养殖房的养殖池内铺设干稻草或干木屑,且每天更换并打扫一次,在养殖池外种植植物,种植的植物能够作为竹狸的饲料,每周对养殖房进行一次消毒处理;饲喂管理:每天分多个时段分别喂食粗料和精料;在每1000克精料中均匀拌有15~25克鬼针草粉和3~5克松针粉形成带药饲料,如果有病症,将精料换成带药饲料每天喂食,三天为一个疗程;如果无病症,每周喂食一次带药饲料。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,所述精料包括大米和米糠,所述鬼针草粉采用三叶鬼针草和/或五叶鬼针草制成,所述松针粉是由马尾松叶晾干打粉形成。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,所述粗料的原料为鸭脚木、芒果枝、榕树枝、茅草根、竹杆、竹根、西瓜皮、玉米秆、玉米苞、玉米芯、甘蔗头、甘蔗茎、甘蔗尾、胡萝卜、水杨柳中的两种。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,每天喂食粗料的次数为一至两次,每天喂食精料的次数为两至三次,每次饲喂总量为竹狸重量的25~35%。
鬼针草为一年生草本植物,药物始载于《本草拾遗》,全草入药。具有清热解毒,祛风活血,止泻等功效。研究证实鬼针草含有总黄酮、香豆素、生物碱、磺、胡萝卜素、多种氨基酸。近年研究资料显示鬼针草有活血化瘀、平喘、强心、安定,降压、扶正,固本等作用。据介绍鬼针草浸膏,有明显的降低脂蛋白、胆固醇,降低血液粘稠度的作用。鬼针草在荒地、路边、河滩、林间、水沟边自然生长茂密,资源丰富,取材方便。三叶鬼针草具有解毒消肿,清热镇痛,活血散瘀,调气消积之功效。常用于胃肠炎,中暑腹痛,细菌性痢疾,感冒发热,急性喉炎,淋证,白浊,痔疮,脱肛,大小便出血,糖尿病,蛇伤,肩周炎,跌打损伤,关节炎。
松针粉含有丰富的粗蛋白质、脂肪、微量元素和维生素等,用作畜禽饲料添加剂或直接饲喂畜禽,不仅能节省饲料,降低成本,而且对促进畜禽生长发育、增强抗病力和提高生殖功能等均有明显的促进作用。
本发明通过为竹狸提供良好的生活环境和营养均衡的饲喂方式,促进了竹狸的健康快速地成长,并通过添加绿色无公害的中草药,防治结合,调节竹狸的肠胃功能,抵制病原菌的生长,提高了抗病能力以及生长速度,降低了病害率和死亡率,从而提高了经济效益。
具体实施方式
实施例1
竹狸疾病防治养殖方法,包括:1)养殖环境管理:冬天,控制养殖房的温度为8~14℃、湿度为45~55%;在养殖房的养殖池内铺设干稻草,且每天更换并打扫一次,在养殖池外种植植物,种植的植物能够作为竹狸的饲料,每周对养殖房进行一次消毒处理;
2)饲喂管理:每天分多个时段分别喂食粗料和精料;在每1000克精料中均匀拌有25克鬼针草粉和3克松针粉形成带药饲料,如果有病症,将精料换成带药饲料每天喂食,三天为一个疗程;如果无病症,每周喂食一次带药饲料。其中,每天喂食粗料的次数为一次,每天喂食精料的次数为三次,每次饲喂总量为竹狸重量的25%。
优选的,所述精料包括大米和米糠,所述鬼针草粉采用三叶鬼针草和/或五叶鬼针草制成,所述松针粉是由马尾松叶晾干打粉形成。
优选的,所述粗料的原料为鸭脚木、芒果枝、榕树枝、茅草根、竹杆、竹根、西瓜皮、玉米秆、玉米苞、玉米芯、甘蔗头、甘蔗茎、甘蔗尾、胡萝卜、水杨柳中的两种。
实施例2
竹狸疾病防治养殖方法,包括:1)养殖环境管理:春天,控制养殖房的温度为15~21℃、湿度为55~65%;在养殖房的养殖池内铺设干木屑,且每天更换并打扫一次,在养殖池外种植植物,种植的植物能够作为竹狸的饲料,每周对养殖房进行一次消毒处理;
2)饲喂管理:每天分多个时段分别喂食粗料和精料;在每1000克精料中均匀拌有20克鬼针草粉和4克松针粉形成带药饲料,如果有病症,将精料换成带药饲料每天喂食,三天为一个疗程;如果无病症,每周喂食一次带药饲料。其中,每天喂食粗料的次数为两次,每天喂食精料的次数为三次,每次饲喂总量为竹狸重量的30%。
实施例3
竹狸疾病防治养殖方法,包括:1)养殖环境管理:夏天,控制养殖房的温度为22~28℃、湿度为65~75%;在养殖房的养殖池内铺设干木屑,且每天更换并打扫一次,在养殖池外种植植物,种植的植物能够作为竹狸的饲料,每周对养殖房进行一次消毒处理;
2)饲喂管理:每天分多个时段分别喂食粗料和精料;在每1000克精料中均匀拌有15克鬼针草粉和5克松针粉形成带药饲料,如果有病症,将精料换成带药饲料每天喂食,三天为一个疗程;如果无病症,每周喂食一次带药饲料。其中,每天喂食粗料的次数为两次,每天喂食精料的次数为两次,每次饲喂总量为竹狸重量的35%。
针对本发明,做了以下对比实验:
实验对象:400只体型均匀、品种相同健康状况良好的竹狸。
实验分组:平均分成四组,每组100只竹狸。
实验处理:将四组竹狸分为第一组实验组、第二实验组、第三实验组和对照组,第一实验组用本发明实施例1的方法养殖;第二实验组用本发明实施例2的方法养殖;第三实验组用本发明实施例3的方法养殖;对照组用传统方法养殖,时间为2个月。
竹狸身体健康状况:
优:身体健康,体重明显增重,无任何疾病;
良:身体健康,体重稍有增重,偶尔会出现感冒现象;
差:经常出现感冒、腹泻的情况,体重基本上没有增加。.
实验数据:数据统计如表1所示:
表1
第一实验组 | 第二实验组 | 第三实验组 | 对照组 | |
优 | 74 | 89 | 71 | 61 |
良 | 17 | 8 | 16 | 15 |
差 | 9 | 3 | 13 | 24 |
从表1可以看出,第一实验组、第二实验组、第三实验组中竹狸身体状况优的比例明显比对照组高,对照组竹狸身体状况差的比例很高,从表格可以看出,用本发明实施例1-3喂养的竹狸身体状况明显优于普通饲料喂养的竹狸,说明本发明的养殖方法能够提高竹狸的抗病能力。
另外,针对出现腹泻症状的竹狸,喂食上述带药饲料后,第一天明显改善,第二天停止拉泻,第三天痊愈。针对竹狸胃肠炎、中暑、细菌性痢疾、感冒发热、关节炎等常见病症,也有显著的疗效。
上述虽然对本发明的具体实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施例,在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下做出各种变化,而不具备创造性劳动的修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。
Claims (4)
1.一种竹狸疾病防治养殖方法,其特征在于:养殖环境管理:控制养殖房的温度为8~28℃、湿度为45~75%;在养殖房的养殖池内铺设干稻草或干木屑,且每天更换并打扫一次,在养殖池外种植植物,种植的植物能够作为竹狸的饲料,每周对养殖房进行一次消毒处理;
饲喂管理:每天分多个时段分别喂食粗料和精料;在每1000克精料中均匀拌有15~25克鬼针草粉和3~5克松针粉形成带药饲料,如果有病症,将精料换成带药饲料每天喂食,三天为一个疗程;如果无病症,每周喂食一次带药饲料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的竹狸疾病防治养殖方法,其特征在于:所述精料包括大米和米糠,所述鬼针草粉采用三叶鬼针草和/或五叶鬼针草制成,所述松针粉是由马尾松叶晾干打粉形成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的竹狸疾病防治养殖方法,其特征在于:所述粗料的原料为鸭脚木、芒果枝、榕树枝、茅草根、竹杆、竹根、西瓜皮、玉米秆、玉米苞、玉米芯、甘蔗头、甘蔗茎、甘蔗尾、胡萝卜、水杨柳中的两种。
4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的竹狸疾病防治养殖方法,其特征在于:每天喂食粗料的次数为一至两次,每天喂食精料的次数为两至三次,每次饲喂总量为竹狸重量的25~35%。
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