CN111108841A - Red mud disposal site ecological restoration blocking process restoration method - Google Patents
Red mud disposal site ecological restoration blocking process restoration method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111108841A CN111108841A CN202010005670.8A CN202010005670A CN111108841A CN 111108841 A CN111108841 A CN 111108841A CN 202010005670 A CN202010005670 A CN 202010005670A CN 111108841 A CN111108841 A CN 111108841A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- red mud
- layer
- capillary
- restoration
- isolation layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The invention discloses a red mud disposal site ecological restoration barrier process restoration method, which comprises the following steps: digging and leveling red mud in a red mud yard to form a loose layer, applying acidic substances on the surface of the red mud, neutralizing the alkalinity of the red mud to form a neutralization layer, paving graded broken stones or geotechnical materials on the surface of the neutralization layer to form a capillary isolation layer, paving a matrix required by plant growth on the surface of the capillary isolation layer to form a matrix layer, and planting plants on the matrix layer to form a vegetation community layer. By adopting the red mud yard ecological restoration and separation process restoration method, an effective capillary tube isolation layer is established on the surface of the red mud, so that the influence of the high saline-alkali property of the red mud on the plants planted on the surface of the red mud is fundamentally isolated, the survival foundation and the growth effect of the planted plants are ensured, and the problem of ecological restoration of the red mud yard is effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of red mud disposal site ecological restoration, in particular to a red mud disposal site ecological restoration blocking process restoration method.
Background
The treatment of red mud is a worldwide problem which puzzles the global academic world, the government world and alumina production enterprises. According to statistics, the global alumina production enterprises can only bury or pile up the vast majority of red mud tailings with the byproduct of more than one ton of red mud tailings when producing one ton of alumina, and the method poses important threats to soil, water resources and ecological environment. The red mud is aluminaThe red powder mud waste material discharged from industry belongs to strong alkaline harmful residue, has high water content and volume weight of 700-1000 kg/m3The specific surface area is 0.5 to 0.8m2(ii) in terms of/g. At present, red mud is stockpiled by adopting a damming wet method at home and abroad, and a red mud yard expands and expands again along with the increase of the yield of alumina, so that a large number of exposed areas are formed, the ecological environment is destroyed, and local microclimate change and the damage of a biological chain can be caused. In addition, the accumulation method is easy to cause a large amount of waste alkali liquor to permeate into nearby farmlands, so that soil salinization and swampiness are caused, and soil and underground water sources are polluted. The pH value of the surface layer of the red mud yard is between 10 and 12, the pH value generally suitable for plant growth is between 5.5 and 7.5, and most plants have pH value>Growth was difficult in case of 9.0; in addition, deep-layer salt in the red mud storage yard can move up to the surface along with the capillary action, mainly because the deep-layer soluble salt in the storage yard transfers to the surface layer along with evaporated water when the temperature of the storage yard is high, the phenomenon of returning alkali and salt is serious, and the vegetation growth is more difficult to realize. Therefore, greening the red mud storage yard becomes a worldwide environmental protection problem.
At present, the restoration of the red mud yard is mainly embodied in the character improvement of the red mud, the earth covering greening construction and the like, but the problems of alkali return, salt return and vegetation growth of the red mud yard cannot be fundamentally solved, the manufacturing cost is too high, and enterprises cannot bear huge expenses at present for the large-area red mud yard.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for restoring the red mud disposal site by using the ecological restoration and separation process, which establishes an effective capillary tube isolation layer on the surface of the red mud, fundamentally isolates the influence of the high saline-alkali property of the red mud on the plants planted on the surface of the red mud, ensures the survival foundation and the growth effect of the planted plants, and further effectively solves the problem of ecological restoration of the red mud disposal site.
The invention solves the problems through the following technical means:
a red mud disposal site ecological restoration barrier process restoration method comprises the following steps:
s1: digging and leveling red mud in the red mud yard to form a loose layer;
s2: applying an acidic substance on the surface of the red mud to neutralize the alkalinity of the red mud to form a neutralization layer;
s3: paving graded broken stones or geotechnical materials on the surface of the neutralization layer to form a capillary isolation layer;
s4: laying a substrate required by plant growth on the surface of the capillary tube isolation layer to form a substrate layer;
s5: plants are planted on the substrate layer to form a vegetation community layer.
Further, the loose layer is dug by mechanical equipment to a depth of 30-50cm, and the surface is leveled to form a slope for discharging water out of the field.
Further, the acidic substance used in the neutralization layer comprises one or more of desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, furfural residue, citric acid and EDTA.
Further, the alkaline mode of the red mud in the neutralization layer is as follows: mixing the acidic substance with 5-10cm of red mud surface layer, and stirring.
Further, if the alkalinity of the red mud is neutralized with an organic acid dissolved in water, 10 to 15L of the organic acid solution is uniformly used per square of the red mud surface.
Further, the capillary tube isolation layer is composed of 30-50mm graded broken stones, and the graded broken stone capillary tube isolation layer is divided into: paving a weak capillary isolation layer with the thickness of 5cm-10 cm; laying a medium capillary tube isolation layer with the thickness of 10cm-20cm and laying a strong capillary tube isolation layer with the thickness of more than 20 cm.
Further, the capillary isolation layer includes one or more of HDPE membrane, drain bar, geotechnological mat, and geotechnological material capillary isolation layer divide into: a weak capillary isolation layer formed by a geotechnical mat with the thickness of 5-10cm and a strong capillary isolation layer formed by an HDPE film; the geotextile mat, the HDPE film and the drainage plate completely cover the neutralization layer.
Furthermore, the components of the matrix layer comprise compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, soil, water-retaining agent and straw fiber.
Furthermore, the plants planted in the vegetation community layer are maintenance-free plants with shallow root systems, alkali resistance, drought resistance and barren nitrogen resistance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for restoring the red mud yard ecological restoration barrier process comprises the following steps: digging and leveling red mud in a red mud yard to form a loose layer, applying acidic substances on the surface of the red mud, neutralizing the alkalinity of the red mud to form a neutralized layer, paving graded broken stones or geotechnical materials and other materials on the surface of the neutralized layer to form a capillary tube isolation layer, adhering a geotechnical film on the surface of the capillary tube isolation layer to form the capillary tube isolation layer, paving a matrix required by plant growth on the surface of the geotechnical film to form a matrix layer, and planting plants on the matrix layer to form a vegetation community layer. By adopting the red mud yard ecological restoration and separation process restoration method, an effective capillary tube isolation layer is established on the surface of the red mud, so that the influence of the high saline-alkali property of the red mud on the plants planted on the surface of the red mud is fundamentally isolated, the survival foundation and the growth effect of the planted plants are ensured, and the problem of ecological restoration of the red mud yard is effectively solved.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a layered system obtained by the ecological restoration method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Example 1
A red mud disposal site ecological restoration barrier process restoration method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: digging and loosening red mud in the red mud yard by a digging machine, wherein the digging depth is 30-50cm, and a loosening layer with a drainage gradient on the surface is formed after leveling, so that water can be drained to the off-site boundary through the drainage gradient;
s2: applying one or more of acidic substances such as desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum and furfural residues on the surface of the red mud, spreading the mixture according to the volume ratio to the thickness of 5-10cm, and then turning and uniformly mixing the mixture to form a neutralization layer;
s3: and paving 30-50mm graded broken stones on the surface of the neutralization layer. The laying thickness is more than 50mm and less than 100 mm; forming a capillary tube isolation layer; then laying an HDPE film with the thickness of 1 mm;
s4: laying a substrate required by plant growth on the surface of the HDPE film, wherein the substrate is formed by planting nutrient substrates which are composed of quick-acting inorganic fertilizer, long-acting organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, soil, water-retaining agent, straw fiber and the like and are suitable for plant growth;
s5: planting the shallow root system alkali-resistant drought-resistant barren-resistant nitrogen-fixing maintenance-free plant on the substrate layer to form a vegetation community layer.
The schematic diagram of the layered system obtained by the above-mentioned green-recovering repair method is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a vegetation community layer 1, a matrix layer 2, a capillary isolation layer 3 and a neutralization layer 4.
Example 2
A red mud disposal site ecological restoration barrier process restoration method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: digging and loosening red mud in the red mud yard by a digging machine, wherein the digging depth is 30-50cm, the leveled surface forms a 2% gradient, and the water is drained to the off-site boundary, and is dug and leveled to form a loosening layer;
s2: applying one or more acidic substances such as desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum and furfural residues on the surface of the red mud, spreading the acidic substances with the thickness of 5-10cm according to the volume ratio, and then turning and uniformly mixing to form a neutralization layer;
s3: paving a geotechnical material-HDPE film with the thickness of 1mm on the surface of the neutralization layer, and completely covering the neutralization layer to form a capillary tube isolation layer;
s4: laying a substrate required by plant growth on the surface of the HDPE film, wherein the substrate is formed by planting nutrient substrates which are composed of quick-acting inorganic fertilizer, long-acting organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, soil, water-retaining agent, straw fiber and the like and are suitable for plant growth;
s5: planting the shallow root system alkali-resistant drought-resistant barren-resistant nitrogen-fixing maintenance-free plant on the substrate layer to form a vegetation community layer.
The schematic diagram of the layered system obtained by the above-mentioned green-recovering repair method is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a vegetation community layer 1, a matrix layer 2, a capillary isolation layer 3 and a neutralization layer 4.
Example 3
A red mud disposal site ecological restoration barrier process restoration method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: digging and loosening red mud in the red mud yard by a digging machine, wherein the digging depth is 30-50cm, the leveled surface forms a 2% gradient, and the water is drained to the off-site boundary, and is dug and leveled to form a loosening layer;
s2: applying one or more of acidic substances, namely citric acid or EDTA and other organic acids on the surface of the red mud, dissolving the acidic substances in water, configuring the acidic substances to the maximum concentration, and using 10-15L of solution per square of the surface of the red mud to form a neutralization layer;
s3: laying a geotechnical material-geotechnical mat on the surface of the neutralization layer, wherein the thickness of the geotechnical mat is 100mm, and the neutralization layer is completely covered to form a capillary isolation layer; then laying an HDPE film with the thickness of 1 mm;
s4: laying a substrate required by plant growth on the surface of the geomembrane, wherein the component comprises a planting nutrient substrate which is composed of quick-acting inorganic fertilizer, long-acting organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, soil, water-retaining agent, straw fiber and the like and is suitable for plant growth to form a substrate layer;
s5: planting the shallow root system alkali-resistant drought-resistant barren-resistant nitrogen-fixing maintenance-free plant on the substrate layer to form a vegetation community layer.
The schematic diagram of the layered system obtained by the above-mentioned green-recovering repair method is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a vegetation community layer 1, a matrix layer 2, a capillary isolation layer 3 and a neutralization layer 4.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A red mud disposal site ecological restoration barrier process restoration method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: digging and leveling red mud in the red mud yard to form a loose layer;
s2: applying an acidic substance on the surface of the red mud to neutralize the alkalinity of the red mud to form a neutralization layer;
s3: paving graded broken stones or geotechnical materials on the surface of the neutralization layer to form a capillary isolation layer;
s4: laying a substrate required by plant growth on the surface of the capillary tube isolation layer to form a substrate layer;
s5: plants are planted on the substrate layer to form a vegetation community layer.
2. The red mud disposal ecological restoration barrier process restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the loose layer is dug by mechanical equipment to a depth of 30-50cm, and the surface is leveled to form a slope for draining water to the outside of the yard.
3. The red mud disposal ecological restoration barrier process restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the acidic material used in the neutralization layer comprises one or more of desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, furfural residue, citric acid, and EDTA.
4. The red mud disposal ecological restoration barrier process restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the neutralization layer neutralizes the red mud in a manner that: mixing the acidic substance with 5-10cm of red mud surface layer, and stirring.
5. The method for repairing the red mud disposal ecological restoration barrier process according to claim 1, wherein if the alkalinity of the red mud is neutralized by using an organic acid dissolved in water, 10 to 15L of the organic acid solution is uniformly used per square of the red mud surface.
6. The red mud disposal ecological remediation barrier process remediation method of claim 1, wherein the capillary separation layer is composed of 30-50mm graded crushed stones, and the graded crushed stone capillary separation layer is divided into: paving a weak capillary isolation layer with the thickness of 5cm-10 cm; laying a medium capillary tube isolation layer with the thickness of 10cm-20cm and laying a strong capillary tube isolation layer with the thickness of more than 20 cm.
7. The red mud disposal ecological remediation barrier process remediation method of claim 1, wherein the capillary isolation layer comprises one or more of an HDPE membrane, a drainage plate, and a geotechnical mat, and the geotechnical capillary isolation layer is: a weak capillary isolation layer formed by a geotechnical mat with the thickness of 5-10cm and a strong capillary isolation layer formed by an HDPE film; the geotextile mat, the HDPE film and the drainage plate completely cover the neutralization layer.
8. The red mud disposal ecological restoration barrier process restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the components of the matrix layer comprise a compound fertilizer, an organic fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, soil, a water retention agent and straw fiber.
9. The red mud disposal ecological remediation barrier process restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the plants planted in the vegetation community layer are shallow root alkali-resistant drought-resistant barren-resistant nitrogen-fixing maintenance-free plants.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010005670.8A CN111108841A (en) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-01-03 | Red mud disposal site ecological restoration blocking process restoration method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010005670.8A CN111108841A (en) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-01-03 | Red mud disposal site ecological restoration blocking process restoration method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111108841A true CN111108841A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
Family
ID=70507685
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010005670.8A Pending CN111108841A (en) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-01-03 | Red mud disposal site ecological restoration blocking process restoration method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111108841A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111837494A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-30 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Red mud soil pore transformation method |
| CN111842464A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-30 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Method for reconstructing vegetation in alumina red mud storage yard |
| CN112655515A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 中铝环保生态技术(湖南)有限公司 | Method for converting red mud into soil |
| CN114015455A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-08 | 中国有色金属长沙勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Improvement agent for red mud in-situ soil and application method thereof |
| CN115053659A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-16 | 贵州大学 | Red mud yard in-situ matrix improvement and direct vegetation recovery method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101028630A (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2007-09-05 | 山东铝业股份有限公司 | Matrix improvement method for red mud storage yard vegetation restoration |
| WO2011084079A1 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2011-07-14 | Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich | Method for biologically recultivating industrial wastelands |
| CN102577786A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-18 | 瓮福（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for using industrial and agricultural waste residue to improve phosphogypsum for vegetation recovery |
| CN102668836A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | Spray-sowing greening method for red mud stacking areas |
| CN104861987A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-26 | 清华大学 | Soil improvement conditioner as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106034458A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-26 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for preventing red mud stacking field from dust and environment pollution |
-
2020
- 2020-01-03 CN CN202010005670.8A patent/CN111108841A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101028630A (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2007-09-05 | 山东铝业股份有限公司 | Matrix improvement method for red mud storage yard vegetation restoration |
| WO2011084079A1 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2011-07-14 | Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich | Method for biologically recultivating industrial wastelands |
| CN102577786A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-18 | 瓮福（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for using industrial and agricultural waste residue to improve phosphogypsum for vegetation recovery |
| CN102668836A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | Spray-sowing greening method for red mud stacking areas |
| CN104861987A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-26 | 清华大学 | Soil improvement conditioner as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106034458A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-26 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for preventing red mud stacking field from dust and environment pollution |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 周连碧 等: "《矿山废弃地生态修复研究与实践》", 31 December 2010, 中国环境科学出版社 * |
| 李春林 等: "赤泥堆场", 《团粒喷播生态修复技术在高碱性赤泥堆场植被恢复中的应用——以山东铝业赤泥堆场植被恢复项目为例》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111837494A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-30 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Red mud soil pore transformation method |
| CN111842464A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-30 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Method for reconstructing vegetation in alumina red mud storage yard |
| CN111842464B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-03-11 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Method for reconstructing vegetation in alumina red mud storage yard |
| CN111837494B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-07-08 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Red mud soil pore transformation method |
| CN112655515A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 中铝环保生态技术(湖南)有限公司 | Method for converting red mud into soil |
| CN114015455A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-08 | 中国有色金属长沙勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Improvement agent for red mud in-situ soil and application method thereof |
| CN115053659A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-16 | 贵州大学 | Red mud yard in-situ matrix improvement and direct vegetation recovery method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111108841A (en) | Red mud disposal site ecological restoration blocking process restoration method | |
| CN102077715B (en) | Method for improving severe saline-alkali soil by using open trench and hidden filler layer | |
| CN110961443A (en) | Economical barrier particles for in-situ greening restoration of red mud disposal site and restoration method | |
| CN105295945B (en) | Soil bulking agent | |
| CN103299740A (en) | Treatment method for recovering mine wasteland vegetation | |
| CN105733604A (en) | Soil conditioner applied to mine ecological restoration in arid region as well as preparation and application methods thereof | |
| CN105419812B (en) | Application of soil raising agent in saline-alkali soil improvement | |
| Wang et al. | A sand control and development model in sandy land based on mixed experiments of arsenic sandstone and sand: A case study in Mu Us Sandy Land in China | |
| Danilov et al. | Effective methods for reclamation of area sources of dust emission | |
| CN108064487A (en) | A kind of improvement soil that mixes is reclaimed the method in desert | |
| CN111647410A (en) | Mine sludge modified material and method for improving degraded land by using same | |
| CN110679226A (en) | Construction method combining dredger fill improvement and planting hole improvement | |
| CN109354313B (en) | Method for constructing near-natural complex water bank ecological zone by combining sludge/waste residues | |
| CN113396795B (en) | Foreign soil and soil layer structure based on river and lake bottom mud and phosphorite solid waste and preparation method | |
| CN109429605A (en) | A kind of salt-soda soil and desertification administering method | |
| CN108990458B (en) | Method for large-scale disposal and utilization of waste such as coal gangue and treatment of stony desertification | |
| CN210183838U (en) | Salt return prevention system for coastal region | |
| CN212551013U (en) | Economical red mud yard in-situ greening restoration layered system | |
| Urbańska et al. | Selected aspects of reclamation of soda waste landfill sites | |
| CN109821866B (en) | Saline-alkali soil restoration structure and restoration method based on river sediment resource utilization | |
| CN107012829A (en) | Soften domatic silt soil and flinty slope remodeling method | |
| CN216253820U (en) | Ecological anchor point strengthening structure | |
| Shillito et al. | Soil stabilization methods with potential for application at the Nevada national security site: A literature review | |
| Nemerov et al. | The use of non-toxic technogenic and natural materials to ensure the stability of disturbed ecosystems | |
| CN218597103U (en) | Structure suitable for red mud yard slope ecological remediation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20200508 |