CN111106208A - 一种异质结切片电池的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种异质结切片电池的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111106208A
CN111106208A CN201911204224.3A CN201911204224A CN111106208A CN 111106208 A CN111106208 A CN 111106208A CN 201911204224 A CN201911204224 A CN 201911204224A CN 111106208 A CN111106208 A CN 111106208A
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张娟
王继磊
白星亮
白焱辉
黄金
贾慧君
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Jinneng Clean Energy Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种异质结切片电池的制备方法,所述制备方法包括:在非晶硅膜层沉积、TCO透明导电膜层沉积过程中,通过设置若干个细条的方式进行局部遮挡,细条通过卡扣方式固定至载板上载盘边缘,制备具有局部遮挡区域的异质结电池片;切割所述局部遮挡区域,得到异质结切片电池。本发明的制备方法通过在切片位置进行局部遮挡,不会对异质结核心结构进行损伤,从而降低切片裂片过程导致的效率损失。

Description

一种异质结切片电池的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏太阳能电池技术领域,更具体地说是涉及一种异质结切片电池的制造方法。
背景技术
近年来,光伏技术发展迅速、应用范围广,市场要求光伏组件同时兼具高功率、在任何安装条件下的高发电量、低衰减和低成本的综合要求,从而进一步降低度电成本。组件高功率是促成“平价上网”最直接、最有力的通道,提升组件功率主要从两方面入手:提升内部光通量、降低内部电损耗。而低内耗的切片电池组件技术在规模化应用中具有得天独厚的优势。
切片电池为标准电池切割后所得,其内部电流随着切割面积大小按比例减少,随着电流的降低,电池内部的功率损耗降低,而功率损耗通常与电流的平方成正比。
目前行业内常用电池片切片技术为使用激光对常规完整电池片进行划片,然后使用机械方式裂片。在激光划片和机械裂片过程中,会对电池片造成一定的损伤,切割处电池-空穴复合加大,且电池片内部生成的载流子容易在切割面处形成短路,特别是对于异质结等高效电池,在划片过程中,激光会对切割划片区域钝化层造成热损伤,从而导致切片后产生较大效率损失。
因此,如何避免激光对切割划片区域钝化层的热损伤是本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种异质结切片电池的制备方法,在非晶硅膜层沉积、TCO透明导电膜层沉积过程中均对切片位置进行局部遮挡,使其在膜层沉积过程中不进行成膜,对异质结电池片切割局部遮挡区域时,不会对主要膜层结构造成损伤,进而不会对异质结核心结构进行损伤,从而降低切片裂片过程导致的效率损失。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种异质结切片电池的制备方法,所述制备方法包括:
在非晶硅膜层沉积、TCO透明导电膜层沉积过程中,通过若干个细条的方式进行局部遮挡,细条通过卡扣方式固定至载板上载盘边缘处,制备具有局部遮挡区域的整片异质结电池片;
切割所述局部遮挡区域,得到异质结切片电池。
优选的,所述细条的宽度为5-2000μm。
优选的,所述细条的宽度为1500μm。
优选的,所述局部遮挡区域是中空的长方体。
优选的,所述细条材质包括但不限于非晶硅膜和TCO透明导电膜沉积时所使用的载板材质,
优选的,所述细条材质选自石墨、碳纤维、铝合金、钛合金、不锈钢中的一种。
本发明还提供了一种利用上述的方法制备所得的异质结切片电池。
本发明还提供了一种光伏组件,包括串、并联连接的切片电池、边框、玻璃和背板,其特征在于,所述切片电池是上述的异质结切片电池。
经由上述的技术方案可知,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下所述:由于异质结结构电池中,激光切片过程会对切割区域非晶硅、TCO膜层造成不同程度热损伤,本发明将切割区域进行非晶硅、TCO膜层沉积遮挡,可使切割过程中不会对异质结核心结构进行损伤,从而降低切片裂片过程导致的效率损失。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例中异质结切片电池片制备时遮挡区域的示意图;
图2为本发明实施例中制备异质结切片电池片的工艺流程图;
图3为本发明实施例中得到的具有局部遮挡区域的异质结电池;
图中:1为载板载盘,2为硅片,3为细条,4为局部遮挡区域。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
为了解决切片电池效率损失的技术问题,本发明提供一种异质结切片电池的制备方法以及切片电池及光伏组件。
本发明提供了一种异质结切片电池的制备方法,包括:在非晶硅膜层沉积、TCO透明导电膜层沉积过程中,通过卡扣细条方式进行局部遮挡。细条至少设置2个,细条的宽度为5-2000μm,细条材质包括但不限于同非晶硅、TCO膜层沉积所使用载板材质,最终制备具有局部遮挡区域的整片异质结电池片,并对整片异质结电池片切割局部遮挡区域,得到异质结切片电池片。
实施例1
本实施例公开了一种异质结切片电池的制备方法,如图2所示,包括以下步骤:
S1、制绒清洗:对原硅片进行制绒清洗以形成织构化陷光表面;
S2、非晶硅膜层沉积:如图1所示,将硅片2放置在载板载盘1中,并在载盘内设置1条细条3,并卡扣在载板载盘1上,细条3的材质为石墨,细条宽度为500μm,在硅片的正反面分别沉积本征非晶硅、掺杂非晶硅,形成非晶硅膜层,完成镀膜后将石墨细条取下,硅片正常下料;
S3、TCO透明导电膜层沉积:在非晶硅膜层上继续沉积TCO透明导电膜层,将S2步骤沉积完非晶硅膜层的硅片2放置在载板载盘1中,并在载盘内设置1条细条3,并卡扣在载板载盘1上,此处细条3的材质为铝合金,细条宽度为500μm,在硅片正反两面分别沉积IWO膜层,完成后将卡扣细条取出;
S4、印刷烧结:可采用丝网印刷的方式印刷电极浆料,局部遮挡区域不进行印刷,分别印刷正面电极浆料和背面电极浆料,烧结形成电极,得到具有局部遮挡区域的异质结电池;
S5、切片裂片;使用激光对上述整片异质结电池片的局部遮挡区域进行切割,使用机械方式裂片,得到所述异质结切片电池;
步骤S4中,可根据电极浆料的成分,选择合适的温度进行烧结形成电极。
实施例2
与实施例1不同的是,步骤S2和步骤S3中,细条宽度为1000μm。
实施例3
与实施例1不同的是,步骤S2和步骤S3中,细条宽度为1500μm。
对比例1
与实施例1不同的是,步骤S2和步骤S3中在载盘内不设置卡扣细条。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种使用实施例1的制备方法所得的异质结切片电池。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种光伏组件,包括串、并联连接的切片电池、边框、玻璃和背板,切片电池为实施例4的异质结切片电池。
实施例6
本实施例提供了一种具有局部遮挡区域的异质结电池片,如图3所示,包括局部遮挡区域4。
为了进一步证明本发明的有益效果,本发明对半片切片的异质结电池片进行了电性能测试,结果见表1所示:
表1实施例1-3以及对比例1的电性能测试结果
项目 对比例1 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
Eta 23.00 23.11 23.15 23.21
Isc 9.335 9.332 9.327 9.325
Uoc 0.744 0.746 0.746 0.747
FF 80.2 80.4 80.6 80.7
由表1中数据可知,实施例1、2、3同对比例1相比,切片裂片后测试结果均较对比例1有不同程度提升,主要为Uoc、FF提升,但由于局部遮挡,减少了膜层实际有效面积,Isc存在小幅度降低。最有组为实施例3,激光切割过程中对膜层基本未造成影响。
此外,对比例1所制备的异质结电池片切片后效率降低0.35%,各项电性能指标均有不同程度降低;而本发明所制备的异质结电池片切片后效率降低0.02%,基本无效率损失。
因此,本发明提供的异质结切片电池的制备方法,对异质结电池片切割局部遮挡区域时,不会对异质结核心结构进行损伤,能够明显降低切片裂片过程中导致的效率损失。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言,由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应,所以描述的比较简单,相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种异质结切片电池的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括:
(1)在非晶硅膜层沉积、TCO透明导电膜层沉积过程中,通过设置若干个细条的方式进行局部遮挡,细条通过卡扣方式固定至载板上载盘边缘处;制备具有局部遮挡区域的异质结电池片;
(2)切割所述局部遮挡区域,得到异质结切片电池。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种异质结切片电池的制备方法,其特征在于,所述细条的宽度为5-2000μm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种异质结切片电池的制备方法,其特征在于,所述细条的宽度为1500μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种异质结切片电池的制备方法,其特征在于,所述局部遮挡区域是中空的长方体。
5.一种异质结切片电池,其特征在于,使用权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法制备所得的异质结切片电池。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN113328010A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-31 安徽华晟新能源科技有限公司 一种太阳能电池的制备方法
CN116174942A (zh) * 2023-04-26 2023-05-30 华能新能源股份有限公司 一种hjt太阳能电池切片及其制备方法

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