CN111103185A - Spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device and sample preparation method - Google Patents

Spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device and sample preparation method Download PDF

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CN111103185A
CN111103185A CN202010033265.7A CN202010033265A CN111103185A CN 111103185 A CN111103185 A CN 111103185A CN 202010033265 A CN202010033265 A CN 202010033265A CN 111103185 A CN111103185 A CN 111103185A
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sample
sample preparation
spinning
soil
cylinder
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CN111103185B (en
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杨丰春
刘洪光
古一栋
魏峥嵘
李智杰
蔡蕊
吴亚中
李冰雪
贾飞飞
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Shihezi University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
    • G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0298—Manufacturing or preparing specimens

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
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  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of experimental equipment for soil mechanical property testing of geotechnical engineering subjects, in particular to a spinning coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device and a sample preparation method. A spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device comprises a base, a reaction frame, a rubber membrane, a sample preparation cylinder, a spinning device, a permeable plate and a sample cap; the base comprises an upper layer of cylindrical boss, a middle layer of cylindrical boss and a lower layer of cylindrical boss which are different in diameter, and the reaction frame comprises an annular bottom plate, a rigid reaction column and a reaction cover plate. A sample preparation method by using the sample preparation device comprises the following steps: a rubber film is bound on the base; sleeving the annular bottom plate on the periphery of the upper-layer boss; installing a sample preparation cylinder; preparing soil materials; filling soil materials layer by layer and compacting; and taking out the soil sample. According to the method, the coarse-grained soil sample used for the triaxial compression test can be prepared in a short time on the premise of not damaging the structure of the coarse-grained soil, the device is simple in structure and convenient to use, layering can be accurately controlled, the total density of the coarse-grained soil can be accurately controlled, and the sample preparation is uniform, economical and practical.

Description

Spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device and sample preparation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of experimental equipment for soil mechanical property testing of geotechnical engineering subjects, and particularly relates to a spinning coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device and a sample preparation method.
Background
China has wide distribution of coarse-grained soil areas, and the number of heavy and large-scale projects built on coarse-grained soil foundations is in a surge situation. The mechanical property test of coarse-grained soil becomes an important content in the field of civil engineering at present. When the triaxial mechanical property of the soft soil is usually measured in a laboratory, the diameter of a sample is usually made to be equal to or more than 5 times of the maximum particle size, the diameter is usually 200-500mm, and the height of the sample is 2-2.5 times of the diameter of the sample, for example, a standard cylindrical sample with the diameter of 200mm and the height of 450mm is common.
In order to obtain a sample with the total density consistent with that in the actual engineering, manual compaction, vision measurement and other control methods are often adopted in laboratories. However, the method is not easy to operate, the requirements on the uniformity and the compactness of the density of the sample are difficult to control, and the coarse-grained soil structure is easily damaged in the compaction process, so that the mechanical property result of the sample is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sampler which is reasonable in structure, economical and practical, and can simply, conveniently and accurately control the total density of a sample on the premise of ensuring the uniformity of the sample and not damaging the coarse-grained soil structure.
The invention also aims to provide a sample preparation method which is simple, practical and convenient to operate and utilizes the spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device.
A spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device mainly comprises a base, a reaction frame, a rubber membrane, a sample preparation cylinder, a spinning device, a permeable plate and a sample cap;
the base comprises an upper layer of cylindrical bosses, a middle layer of cylindrical bosses and a lower layer of cylindrical bosses, the cylindrical bosses have different diameters, the reaction frame comprises an annular bottom plate, a rigid reaction column and a reaction cover plate, the lower end of the rigid reaction column is fixed on the annular bottom plate, the reaction cover plate is provided with a round hole, the upper end of the rigid reaction column is provided with a thread, the upper end of the rigid reaction column penetrates through the round hole in the reaction cover plate and is fixed with the reaction cover plate by a nut, and the middle part of the reaction cover plate is provided; the annular bottom plate is provided with a central through hole, is sleeved on the upper-layer lug boss of the base and is connected with the lower-layer lug boss of the base through a long rod bolt;
the sample preparation cylinder is a cylindrical body and is formed by combining three circular arc-shaped rigid templates, one side end of each circular arc-shaped rigid template is provided with a convex clamping groove, the other side end of each circular arc-shaped rigid template is provided with a matched concave clamping groove, the three circular arc-shaped rigid templates are combined together in an end-to-end joint mode to form the cylindrical body, through mutual embedding of the clamping grooves, each circular arc-shaped rigid template is further provided with a screw rod clamping piece, the positions of the screw rod clamping pieces on the two adjacent circular arc-shaped rigid templates are corresponding, each screw rod clamping piece is provided with a fastening hole, and the adjacent circular arc-shaped rigid templates;
the spinning device comprises a spinning rod, a handle and a push head round cake, the handle is fixed at the upper end of the spinning rod, the push head round cake is fixed at the lower end of the spinning rod, threads are arranged on the spinning rod, the screw penetrates through a central screw hole of the counter-force cover plate and is in threaded connection with the counter-force cover plate, scale marks are further arranged on the spinning rod, the diameter of the push head round cake is matched with the inner diameter of the sample preparation cylinder, and the push head round cake can be inserted from the upper part of the sample preparation cylinder and moves up and down;
the rubber film is arranged on the outer wall of an upper boss of the base in a circle and extends upwards, the lower part of the sample preparation barrel is sleeved on the outer wall of the rubber film on the periphery of the upper boss in a circle, the rubber film is enabled to be close to the inner wall of the sample preparation barrel, the annular bottom plate of the reaction frame is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower part of the sample preparation barrel, in other words, an annular gap is formed between the inner wall of a central through hole of the annular bottom plate and the upper boss, the size of the annular gap is matched with the sum of the thickness of the rubber film and the wall thickness of the sample preparation barrel, the inner diameter of the sample preparation barrel is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber film sleeved on the periphery of the upper boss, and the outer diameter of the sample preparation barrel is matched;
the water permeable plate is provided with water permeable holes, is positioned in the sample preparation cylinder and on the upper-layer boss, and the diameter of the water permeable plate is matched with that of the upper-layer boss; the structure of sample cap contains stopper top, stopper post, the diameter of stopper post and the internal diameter looks adaptation of system appearance section of thick bamboo, the stopper post is followed system appearance section of thick bamboo upper end mouth can be plugged in.
Preferably, the scale marks engraved on the spinning rod are 6, and the position of the highest scale mark is as follows: when the highest scale mark of the rotary pressure rod is superposed with the upper edge of the central screw hole of the counter-force cover plate, the distance from the lower surface of the push head round cake to the top surface of the water permeable plate is 1/6 equal to the height of the prefabricated soil sample; the positions of the lowest tick marks are: when the lowest scale mark of the rotary pressure rod is superposed with the upper edge of the central screw hole of the counter-force cover plate, the distance from the lower surface of the push head round cake to the top surface of the water permeable plate is equal to the height of the prefabricated soil sample; the other tick mark positions are the bisectors of the fifth between the highest tick mark and the lowest tick mark.
Preferably, the number of the rigid reaction columns is four, the tops of the rigid reaction columns are provided with threads, and the four rigid reaction columns are fixed with the reaction cover plate through nuts and can fix the reaction cover plate on a horizontal plane within the adjustable range of the threads.
Preferably, the three-piece arc-shaped rigid template is combined into the sample making cylinder, wherein each arc-shaped rigid template corresponds to a central angle of 120 degrees, a screw clamping piece is arranged at the position outside the joint of the adjacent arc-shaped rigid templates, the height 2/3 of the sample making cylinder is provided with a screw clamping piece, and the relative position of the screw clamping pieces is fixed by manually tightening a fastening bolt.
Preferably, the height of the rubber film is larger than the height of the sample preparation cylinder.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the sample preparation cylinder is 206mm, and the height of the sample preparation cylinder is 550 mm; the thickness of the rubber film is 3mm, and the height is 580 mm; the length of the spinning rod is 760 mm; the thickness of the round push head round cake is as follows: 10mm and 200mm in diameter.
The size height of the coarse-grained soil precast soil sample is 450mm, and the diameter of the coarse-grained soil precast soil sample is 200 mm.
In specific implementation, the upper layer of cylinder, the middle layer of cylinder and the lower layer of cylinder of the base are fixedly connected into a whole, and the diameters of the cylinders are respectively 200mm, 320mm and 460mm from top to bottom; the heights of the round platforms of all layers are respectively 60mm, 30mm and 50 mm. The surface of the lower layer boss is provided with bolt holes which are matched with the positions and threads of the screw holes on the annular bottom plate of the reaction frame and are connected by long rod bolts.
6 standard scale marks are carved on the spinning rod, the 6 standard scale marks respectively control the sample heights of 1/6, 2/6, 3/6, 4/6, 5/6 and 6/6 between the lower surface of the round push head cake and the top surface of the water permeable plate on the boss, the length of the spinning rod is set to be 760mm, and the thickness of the round push head cake is 10 mm. In actual manufacturing, the positions of the 6 standard scale marks can be specifically set according to the length of the spinning rod, the height of the reaction frame and the thickness of the reaction cover plate.
The inner diameter of the sample preparation barrel is 206mm, the thickness of the rubber membrane is 3mm, the inner diameter of the rubber membrane is the same as the diameter of a cylindrical standard soil sample to be prepared, and the push head round cake is a steel cake with the diameter of 200 mm.
The height of the sample preparation cylinder is larger than the sum of the height of a cylindrical standard soil sample to be prepared, the height of an upper boss, the thickness of the water permeable plate and the size of the sample preparation cylinder higher than the standard soil sample, 550mm is preferably adopted, the height of the rubber film is 580mm, and the part of the rubber film, which exceeds the height of the sample preparation cylinder, is turned outwards to the outer side of the top of the sample preparation cylinder.
A sample preparation method using the spinning coarse-grained soil triaxial test sample preparation device mainly comprises the following operation steps:
(1) sleeving and binding a rubber film on the outer wall of the upper-layer boss of the base, and ensuring that the bottom of the rubber film is pulled to the bottom of the upper-layer boss and tightly attached to the outer wall of the upper-layer boss;
(2) sleeving an annular bottom plate fixedly connected with four reaction columns on the periphery of an upper-layer boss of a base, rotationally aligning the annular bottom plate with a screw hole of a lower-layer boss of a lower base, and inserting a bolt;
(3) installing a sample making cylinder, namely sequentially placing three arc-shaped rigid templates into a gap between the inner side of a central through hole of the annular bottom plate and the outer side of the rubber film, fixing the relative positions of the three arc-shaped rigid templates, manually inserting fastening bolts into fastening holes of screw clamping pieces on the outer side of a joint of the sample making cylinder, and hooping the sample making cylinder; turning the top of the rubber film out of the outer side cylinder wall of the sample preparation cylinder by a length higher than the sample preparation cylinder, and enabling the rubber film to be straight and tightly attached to the inner wall of the sample preparation cylinder;
(4) aligning the annular bottom plate of the reaction frame and the screw holes of the lower-layer lug boss again, and screwing the long rod bolt; the spinning rod penetrates through a central screw hole of the counter-force cover plate, the counter-force cover plate is fixed on a horizontal plane through a nut, and the spinning rod is rotated to a position where the round cake with the pushing head is higher than the top of the sample making cylinder;
(5) preparing soil materials: calculating and weighing the soil material required by the test according to the dry density, the water content and the sample size required by the test, and dividing the prepared soil material into 6 equal parts according to the number of layers filled as required; coarse and fine particles are prevented from being separated, and the uniformity of the soil is ensured;
(6) putting a water permeable plate at the bottom of the sample preparation cylinder, then putting a layer 1 coarse-grained soil material, brushing the plane surface, rotating a handle of a spinning rod to enable a lower pushing head round cake to compact coarse-grained soil until a highest scale line on the spinning rod is superposed with the upper edge of a central screw hole, enabling the soil sample to reach a preset height, and then reversely rotating the handle to drive the pushing head round cake to exit the sample preparation cylinder; filling the layer 2 soil sample by the same method, repeating the operation until the last layer of soil material is filled, and leveling the surface of the soil sample;
(7) fastening a sample cap on the upper part of the soil sample, arranging a water permeable plate on the lower part of the soil sample, adding more parts of the lower part of the rubber membrane, turning over to the lower end of the water permeable plate, and fastening the rubber membrane;
(8) a sample cylinder can be directly disassembled for the cohesive soil sample; aiming at a non-cohesive coarse-grained soil sample which cannot be erected, air is pumped from the top of the soil sample to erect the soil sample under the negative pressure of 30KPa, and then a sample making cylinder, a reaction frame annular bottom plate and a connecting bolt are sequentially disassembled; and finishing the preparation of the coarse-grained soil sample, and providing for a triaxial compression test for later use.
The invention provides a spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device which can prepare a coarse-grained soil sample used for a triaxial compression test in a short time on the premise of not damaging the structure of coarse-grained soil. The sample preparation method utilizing the spinning coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device provided by the invention is simple and practical, is convenient to operate, and can meet the experiment requirements when preparing a soil sample.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the main body of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sample cap in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a disassembled structure of the connection relationship between the reaction frame, the spinning device and the base in the structure of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a disassembled structure of the reaction frame, the base, and the sample cap in the structure of FIG. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a disassembled structure of the rotary pressing device in fig. 1.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-piece sample making cartridge of the present invention after assembly.
Fig. 8 is a schematic top view of the structure of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a schematic top view of the annular base plate.
Fig. 11 is a schematic top view of the base.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a disassembled structure of the connection relationship among the reaction frame, the spinning device, the base and the sample cylinder in the structure of FIG. 1.
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample prepared after adding coarse-grained soil for the first time according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth sample preparation after addition of coarse-grained soil according to the present invention.
Shown in the figure: the test device comprises a base 1, an annular bottom plate 2, a water permeable plate 3, a rubber film 4, a sample preparation barrel 5, a rigid reaction column 6, a reaction cover plate 7, a round hole 8, a central screw hole 9, a thread 10, a handle 11, a spinning rod 12, a nut 13, a push head round cake 14, a central through hole 15, a long rod bolt 16, a water permeable hole 17, a sample cap 18, a plug 18-1, a plug 18-2, a plug column 19, an upper boss 20, a middle boss 21, a lower boss 21, a convex clamping groove 22, a screw clamping piece 23, a fastening bolt 24, an arc-shaped rigid template 25, a concave clamping groove 26, a fastening hole 27, a highest scale line 28, a lowest scale line 29 and a soil sample 30.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-14, which are schematic structural views of an embodiment of the present invention, a spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial test sample preparation device mainly includes a base 1, a reaction frame, a rubber membrane 4, a sample preparation cylinder 5, a spinning device, a water permeable plate 3, and a sample cap 18;
the base 1 comprises an upper layer of cylindrical bosses 19, a middle layer of cylindrical bosses 20 and a lower layer of cylindrical bosses 21, wherein the upper layer of cylindrical bosses, the middle layer of cylindrical bosses and the lower layer of cylindrical bosses are different in diameter; the reaction frame comprises an annular bottom plate 2, a rigid reaction column 6 and a reaction cover plate 7, the lower end of the rigid reaction column 6 is fixed on the annular bottom plate 2, a round hole 8 is formed in the reaction cover plate 7, threads are arranged at the upper end of the rigid reaction column 6, the upper end of the rigid reaction column 6 penetrates through the round hole 8 in the reaction cover plate 7 and is fixed with the reaction cover plate 7 through a nut 13, and a central screw hole 9 is formed in the middle of the reaction cover plate 7; the annular bottom plate 2 is provided with a central through hole 15, the annular bottom plate 2 is sleeved on an upper-layer boss 19 of the base 1 and is connected with a lower-layer boss 21 of the base 1 through a long-rod bolt 16.
The sample preparation cylinder 5 is a cylindrical body and is formed by combining three circular arc-shaped rigid templates 25, one side end of each circular arc-shaped rigid template 25 is provided with a convex clamping groove 22, the other side end of each circular arc-shaped rigid template is provided with a concave clamping groove 26 matched with the convex clamping groove, the three circular arc-shaped rigid templates 25 are combined together in an end-to-end connection mode to form the cylindrical body, through mutual embedding of the clamping grooves, each circular arc-shaped rigid template 25 is further provided with a screw clamping piece 23, the positions of the screw clamping pieces 23 on the two adjacent circular arc-shaped rigid templates 25 correspond to each other, each screw clamping piece 23 is provided with a fastening hole 27, and the adjacent circular arc.
The spinning device comprises a spinning rod 12, a handle 11 and a pushing head round cake 14, wherein the handle 11 is fixed at the upper end of the spinning rod 12, the pushing head round cake 14 is fixed at the lower end of the spinning rod 12, a thread 10 is arranged on the spinning rod 12, penetrates through a central screw hole 9 of the counter-force cover plate 7 and is in threaded connection with the counter-force cover plate 7, scale marks are further arranged on the spinning rod 12, the diameter of the pushing head round cake 14 is matched with the inner diameter of the sample preparation cylinder 5, and the pushing head round cake 14 can be inserted from the upper part of the sample preparation cylinder 5 and can move up and down;
the rubber membrane 4 is arranged on the periphery of the outer wall of an upper-layer boss 19 of the base 1 and extends upwards, the lower part of the sample preparation cylinder 5 is sleeved on the periphery of the outer wall of the rubber membrane 4 on the periphery of the upper-layer boss 19, the rubber membrane 4 is close to the inner wall of the sample preparation cylinder 5, and the annular bottom plate 2 of the reaction frame is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower part of the sample preparation cylinder 5; the inner diameter of the sample preparation cylinder 5 is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber membrane 4 sleeved on the periphery of the upper-layer boss 19, and the outer diameter of the sample preparation cylinder 5 is matched with the inner diameter of the annular bottom plate 2.
The water permeable plate 3 is provided with water permeable holes 17, is positioned in the sample preparation cylinder 5 and on the upper-layer boss 19, and the diameter of the water permeable plate is matched with that of the upper-layer boss 19; the structure of the sample cap 18 comprises a plug top 18-1 and a plug column 18-2, and the diameter of the plug column 18-2 is matched with the inner diameter of the sample preparation cylinder 5.
The scale marks carved on the spinning rod 12 are 6, and the highest scale mark 28 is located: when the highest scale mark 28 of the rotary pressing rod 12 is coincided with the upper edge of the central screw hole 9 of the counter force cover plate 7, the distance from the lower surface of the push head cake 14 to the top surface of the water permeable plate 3 is 1/6 equal to the height of the prepared soil sample 30; the lowest tick mark 29 is located: when the lowest scale mark 29 of the rotary pressing rod 12 is superposed with the upper edge of the central screw hole 9 of the counter force cover plate 7, the distance from the lower surface of the push head round cake 14 to the top surface of the water permeable plate 3 is equal to the height of the prefabricated soil sample 30; the other tick mark positions are the bisectors of the fifth between the highest tick mark 28 and the lowest tick mark 29.
The number of the rigid reaction columns 6 is four, threads are arranged on the tops of the rigid reaction columns 6, the four rigid reaction columns 6 are fixed with the reaction cover plate 7 through nuts 13, and the reaction cover plate 7 can be fixed on a horizontal plane within the adjustable range of the threads.
The three-piece type circular arc-shaped rigid template 25 of the sample preparation cylinder is combined, wherein the corresponding central angle of each circular arc-shaped rigid template 25 is 120 degrees, the screw clamping pieces 23 are arranged at the positions of the joint outer sides of the adjacent circular arc-shaped rigid templates 25 and the height 2/3 of the sample preparation cylinder 5, and the relative positions of the screw clamping pieces 23 are fixed by manually screwing the fastening bolts 24.
The height of the rubber membrane 4 is larger than that of the sample preparation cylinder 5.
The inner diameter of the sample preparation cylinder 5 is 206mm, and the height of the sample preparation cylinder 5 is 550 mm; the thickness of the rubber membrane 4 is 3mm, and the height is 580 mm; the length of the spinning rod 12 is 760 mm; the thickness of the push head round cake 14 is 10mm, and the diameter is 200 mm.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1 to 14, a sample preparation method using the spinning-type coarse-grained soil triaxial test sample preparation device described in embodiment 1 mainly includes the following operation steps:
(1) the outer wall of the upper layer boss 19 of the base 1 is sleeved and tied with the rubber film 4, and the bottom of the rubber film 4 is ensured to be pulled to the bottom of the upper layer boss 19 and tightly attached to the outer wall of the upper layer boss 19;
(2) sleeving an annular bottom plate 2 fixedly connected with four rigid reaction columns 6 on the periphery of an upper-layer boss 19 of a base 1, rotating and aligning the annular bottom plate with a screw hole of a lower-layer boss 21 of a lower base, and inserting a bolt;
(3) installing a sample making cylinder, namely sequentially placing three arc-shaped rigid templates 25 into a gap between the inner diameter side of the annular bottom plate 2 of the reaction frame and the outer side of the rubber film 4, fixing the relative positions of the three arc-shaped rigid templates 25, manually inserting fastening bolts 24 into fastening holes 27 of the screw clamping pieces 23 on the outer side of the joint of the sample making cylinder 5, and hooping the sample making cylinder 5; turning the top of the rubber membrane 4 higher than the sample preparation barrel 5 outwards on the outer side barrel wall of the sample preparation barrel 5, and enabling the rubber membrane 4 to be straight and tightly attached to the inner wall of the sample preparation barrel 5;
(4) aligning the screw holes of the annular bottom plate 2 of the reaction frame and the lower-layer lug boss 19 again, and screwing the long-rod bolt 16; a spinning rod 12 penetrates through a central screw hole 9 of a counter-force cover plate 7, the counter-force cover plate 7 is fixed on a horizontal plane through a nut 13, and the spinning rod 12 is rotated to a position where a push head round cake 14 is higher than the top of a sample making cylinder 5;
(5) preparing soil materials: calculating and weighing the soil material required by the test according to the dry density, the water content and the sample size required by the test, and dividing the prepared soil material into 6 equal parts according to the number of layers filled as required; coarse and fine particles are prevented from being separated, and the uniformity of the soil is ensured;
(6) putting the water permeable plate 3 at the bottom of the sample preparation cylinder 5, then putting the layer 1 coarse-grained soil material, brushing the flat surface, rotating the handle 11 of the spinning rod 12 to compact the coarse-grained soil by the lower push-head cake 14 until the highest scale line 28 on the spinning rod 12 is superposed with the upper edge of the central screw hole 9, and driving the push-head cake 14 to exit the sample preparation cylinder 5 by reversely rotating the handle 11 after the soil sample reaches the preset height; filling the layer 2 soil sample by the same method, repeating the operation until the last layer of soil material is filled, and leveling the surface of the soil sample;
(7) fastening a sample cap 18 on the upper part of the soil sample, arranging a water permeable plate 3 on the lower part of the soil sample, turning the upper part of the lower part of the rubber membrane 4 to the lower end of the water permeable plate 3, and fastening the rubber membrane 4;
(8) the sample cylinder 5 can be directly disassembled for the cohesive soil sample; aiming at a non-cohesive coarse-grained soil sample which cannot be erected, air is pumped from the top of the soil sample to erect the soil sample under the negative pressure of 30KPa, and then the sample making cylinder 5, the reaction frame annular bottom plate 2 and the connecting bolt are sequentially disassembled; and finishing the preparation of the coarse-grained soil sample, and providing for a triaxial compression test for later use.

Claims (10)

1. A spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial experiment sample preparation device is characterized by mainly comprising a base, a reaction frame, a rubber membrane, a sample preparation cylinder, a spinning device, a water permeable plate and a sample cap;
the base comprises an upper layer of cylindrical bosses, a middle layer of cylindrical bosses and a lower layer of cylindrical bosses, the cylindrical bosses have different diameters, the reaction frame comprises an annular bottom plate, a rigid reaction column and a reaction cover plate, the lower end of the rigid reaction column is fixed on the annular bottom plate, the reaction cover plate is provided with a round hole, the upper end of the rigid reaction column is provided with a thread, the upper end of the rigid reaction column penetrates through the round hole in the reaction cover plate and is fixed with the reaction cover plate by a nut, and the middle part of the reaction cover plate is provided; the annular bottom plate is provided with a central through hole, is sleeved on the upper-layer lug boss of the base and is connected with the lower-layer lug boss of the base through a long rod bolt;
the sample preparation cylinder is a cylindrical body and is formed by combining three circular arc-shaped rigid templates, one side end of each circular arc-shaped rigid template is provided with a convex clamping groove, the other side end of each circular arc-shaped rigid template is provided with a matched concave clamping groove, the three circular arc-shaped rigid templates are combined together in an end-to-end joint mode to form the cylindrical body, through mutual embedding of the clamping grooves, each circular arc-shaped rigid template is further provided with a screw rod clamping piece, the positions of the screw rod clamping pieces on the two adjacent circular arc-shaped rigid templates are corresponding, each screw rod clamping piece is provided with a fastening hole, and the adjacent circular arc-shaped rigid templates;
the spinning device comprises a spinning rod, a handle and a push head round cake, the handle is fixed at the upper end of the spinning rod, the push head round cake is fixed at the lower end of the spinning rod, threads are arranged on the spinning rod, the screw penetrates through a central screw hole of the counter-force cover plate and is in threaded connection with the counter-force cover plate, scale marks are further arranged on the spinning rod, the diameter of the push head round cake is matched with the inner diameter of the sample preparation cylinder, and the push head round cake can be inserted from the upper part of the sample preparation cylinder and moves up and down;
the rubber film is arranged on the outer wall of an upper-layer boss of the base in a circle and extends upwards, the lower part of the sample preparation barrel is sleeved on the outer wall of the rubber film on the periphery of the upper-layer boss in a circle, the rubber film is close to the inner wall of the sample preparation barrel, and the annular bottom plate of the reaction frame is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower part of the sample preparation barrel; the inner diameter of the sample preparation cylinder is matched with the outer diameter of a rubber film sleeved on the periphery of the upper-layer boss, and the outer diameter of the sample preparation cylinder is matched with the inner diameter of the annular bottom plate;
the water permeable plate is provided with water permeable holes, is positioned in the sample preparation cylinder and on the upper-layer boss, and the diameter of the water permeable plate is matched with that of the upper-layer boss; the structure of sample cap contains stopper top, stopper post, the diameter of stopper post and the internal diameter looks adaptation of system appearance section of thick bamboo, the stopper post is followed system appearance section of thick bamboo upper end mouth can be plugged in.
2. The spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial test sampler according to claim 1, wherein the spinning rod is engraved with 6 scale marks, and the highest scale mark is located: when the highest scale mark of the rotary pressure rod is superposed with the upper edge of the central screw hole of the counter-force cover plate, the distance from the lower surface of the push head round cake to the top surface of the water permeable plate is equal to 1/6 of the height of the prefabricated soil sample; the positions of the lowest tick marks are: when the lowest scale mark of the spinning rod is superposed with the upper edge of the central screw hole of the counter-force cover plate, the distance from the lower surface of the push head round cake to the top surface of the water permeable plate is equal to the height of the prefabricated soil sample; the other tick mark positions are the bisectors of the fifth between the highest tick mark and the lowest tick mark.
3. The spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial test sample preparation device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of the rigid reaction columns is four, the tops of the rigid reaction columns are provided with threads, and the four rigid reaction columns are fixed with the reaction cover plate through nuts, and the reaction cover plate can be fixed on a horizontal plane within the adjustable range of the threads.
4. The spinning type coarse-grained soil triaxial test sampler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that three circular arc rigid templates combined into the sampling cylinder are provided, wherein each circular arc rigid template corresponds to a central angle of 120 degrees, the outer side of the joint of the adjacent circular arc rigid templates is provided with a screw clamping piece at the height 2/3 of the sampling cylinder, and the relative position of the screw clamping pieces is fixed by manually tightening a fastening bolt.
5. The spinning coarse-grained soil triaxial test sampler according to claim 3, characterized in that three circular arc rigid templates combined into the sampling cylinder are provided, wherein each circular arc rigid template corresponds to a central angle of 120 degrees, the outer side of the joint of the adjacent circular arc rigid templates is provided with a screw clamping piece at the height 2/3 of the sampling cylinder, and the relative position of the screw clamping piece is fixed by manually tightening a fastening bolt.
6. The spinning coarse-grained soil triaxial test sampler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the height of the rubber membrane is greater than the height of the sampling cylinder.
7. The spinning coarse-grained soil triaxial test sampler according to claim 5, wherein the height of the rubber film is greater than the height of the sampler barrel.
8. The spinning coarse-grained soil triaxial test sampler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner diameter of the sampling cylinder is 206mm, and the height of the sampling cylinder is 550 mm; the thickness of the rubber film is 3mm, and the height is 580 mm; the length of the spinning rod is 760 mm; the thickness of the round push head cake is 10mm, and the diameter is 200 mm.
9. The spinning coarse-grained soil triaxial test sampler according to claim 7, wherein the inner diameter of the sampling cylinder is 206mm, and the height of the sampling cylinder is 550 mm; the thickness of the rubber film is 3mm, and the height is 580 mm; the length of the spinning rod is 760 mm; the thickness of the round push head cake is 10mm, and the diameter is 200 mm.
10. A sample preparation method using the spinning-type coarse-grained soil triaxial test sample preparation device of claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by mainly comprising the following operation steps:
(1) sleeving and binding a rubber film on the outer wall of the upper-layer boss of the base, and ensuring that the bottom of the rubber film is pulled to the bottom of the upper-layer boss and tightly attached to the outer wall of the upper-layer boss;
(2) sleeving an annular bottom plate fixedly connected with four reaction columns on the periphery of an upper-layer boss of a base, rotationally aligning the annular bottom plate with a screw hole of a lower-layer boss of a lower base, and inserting a bolt;
(3) installing a sample making cylinder, namely sequentially placing three arc-shaped rigid templates into a gap between the inner side of a central through hole of the annular bottom plate and the outer side of the rubber film, fixing the relative positions of the three arc-shaped rigid templates, manually inserting fastening bolts into fastening holes of screw clamping pieces on the outer side of a joint of the sample making cylinder, and hooping the sample making cylinder; turning the top of the rubber film out of the outer side cylinder wall of the sample preparation cylinder by a length higher than the sample preparation cylinder, and enabling the rubber film to be straight and tightly attached to the inner wall of the sample preparation cylinder;
(4) aligning the annular bottom plate of the reaction frame and the screw holes of the lower-layer lug boss again, and screwing the long rod bolt; the spinning rod penetrates through a central screw hole of the counter-force cover plate, the counter-force cover plate is fixed on a horizontal plane through a nut, and the spinning rod is rotated to a position where the round cake with the pushing head is higher than the top of the sample making cylinder;
(5) preparing soil materials: calculating and weighing the soil material required by the test according to the dry density, the water content and the sample size required by the test, and dividing the prepared soil material into 6 equal parts according to the number of layers filled as required; coarse and fine particles are prevented from being separated, and the uniformity of the soil is ensured;
(6) putting a water permeable plate at the bottom of the sample preparation cylinder, then putting a layer 1 coarse-grained soil material, brushing the plane surface, rotating a handle of a spinning rod to enable a lower pushing head round cake to compact coarse-grained soil until a highest scale line on the spinning rod is superposed with the upper edge of a central screw hole, enabling the soil sample to reach a preset height, and then reversely rotating the handle to drive the pushing head round cake to exit the sample preparation cylinder; filling the layer 2 soil sample by the same method, repeating the operation until the last layer of soil material is filled, and leveling the surface of the soil sample;
(7) fastening a sample cap on the upper part of the soil sample, arranging a water permeable plate on the lower part of the soil sample, adding more parts of the lower part of the rubber membrane, turning over to the lower end of the water permeable plate, and fastening the rubber membrane;
(8) a sample cylinder can be directly disassembled for the cohesive soil sample; aiming at a non-cohesive coarse-grained soil sample which cannot be erected, air is pumped from the top of the soil sample to erect the soil sample under the negative pressure of 30KPa, and then a sample making cylinder, a reaction frame annular bottom plate and a connecting bolt are sequentially disassembled; and finishing the preparation of the coarse-grained soil sample, and providing for a triaxial compression test for later use.
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CN113432941A (en) * 2021-05-25 2021-09-24 天津大学 Soil sample membrane loading device for soil-driven triaxial test
CN113432941B (en) * 2021-05-25 2022-07-05 天津大学 Soil sample membrane loading device for soil-driven triaxial test
CN113670771A (en) * 2021-07-16 2021-11-19 李建军 Variable-pressure vibration maximum dry density measuring device
CN113804523A (en) * 2021-08-26 2021-12-17 西安理工大学 Visual sealed sample preparation device, assembly method and sample preparation method for discrete materials
CN113804523B (en) * 2021-08-26 2024-03-22 西安理工大学 Visual sealing sample preparation device, assembly method and sample preparation method for bulk materials
CN114397155A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-04-26 中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司 Preparation method of unsaturated triaxial sample without cohesive soil
CN114397154A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-04-26 中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司 Preparation method of triaxial sample of saturated sandy soil
CN114397154B (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-09-12 中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司 Preparation method of triaxial sample of saturated sand
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