CN111101968A - Large karst cavity tunnel large deformation frame rock fall prevention structure and construction method - Google Patents
Large karst cavity tunnel large deformation frame rock fall prevention structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111101968A CN111101968A CN201911385633.8A CN201911385633A CN111101968A CN 111101968 A CN111101968 A CN 111101968A CN 201911385633 A CN201911385633 A CN 201911385633A CN 111101968 A CN111101968 A CN 111101968A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
A large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of a large karst cavity tunnel and a construction method are provided, which are used for effectively solving the problems of safety and economy of a tunnel structure in a large karst cavity. The tunnel structure is integrally cast by adopting reinforced concrete, the bottom of the tunnel structure is located on a tunnel foundation above a stable rock foundation, filling protective bodies formed by filling discarded tunnel slag to the top elevation of the tunnel structure are arranged outside the two transverse sides of the tunnel structure, a frame structure with a triangular section is hung above the tunnel structure, and two sides of the frame structure are tensioned and wrapped with a passive protective net; the upper end of the frame structure is fixedly connected with the downward extending end of a fixed anchor rope which is anchored in a stable rock body at the top of the karst cavity at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the line, and the bottom ends at the two sides are fixedly connected with a pull anchor foundation which is embedded in a filling protection body at the two sides of the top of the tunnel structure at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the line through pull anchor ropes provided with elastic pull members.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to geotechnical engineering, in particular to a large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of a large karst hollow tunnel and a construction method.
Background
The karst landform distribution of China is wide, karst cavities formed by soluble rocks in karst regions are uncertain and are usually difficult to accurately detect, the karst cavities are quite common for tunnel engineering when the karst cavities pass through the soluble rocks, concrete is usually adopted for filling the cavities if the karst cavities are small, when the karst cavities are large, the concrete is very uneconomical when the karst cavities are all filled, and if the karst cavities are not all filled, rock falling at the tops of the karst cavities can cause hidden danger to the safety of a tunnel structure, so that the large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure and the construction method for the large karst cavity tunnel have important significance, and have the characteristics of good rockfall impact resistance effect, convenience in construction, economy, environmental protection, benefit for popularization and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of a large karst cavity tunnel so as to effectively solve the problems of safety and economy of the tunnel structure in the large karst cavity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention relates to a large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of a large karst cavity tunnel, which comprises a tunnel structure penetrating through a large karst cavity, and is characterized in that: the tunnel structure is integrally cast by adopting reinforced concrete, the bottom of the tunnel structure is located on a tunnel foundation above a stable rock foundation, filling protective bodies formed by filling discarded tunnel slag to the top elevation of the tunnel structure are arranged outside the two transverse sides of the tunnel structure, a frame structure with a triangular section is hung above the tunnel structure, and a passive protective net is fixedly wrapped on the two sides of the frame structure in a tensioning manner; the upper end of the frame structure is fixedly connected with the downward extending end of a fixed anchor rope which is anchored in a stable rock body at the top of the karst cavity at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the line, and the bottom ends at the two sides are fixedly connected with a pull anchor foundation which is embedded in a filling protection body at the two sides of the top of the tunnel structure at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the line through pull anchor ropes provided with elastic pull members.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of a large karst hollow tunnel, which includes the following steps:
① removing loose earth and stones at the corresponding position at the bottom of the tunnel structure until the surface of the foundation rock is stabilized;
② constructing a tunnel foundation;
③ constructing reinforced concrete of the tunnel structure after the tunnel foundation reaches 80% of the design strength;
④ constructing and filling the protective body symmetrically by using the discarded ballast of the tunnel;
⑤ digging a foundation pit on the filled protector, constructing reinforced concrete of anchor foundation, and embedding steel pull ring on the top;
⑥ constructing and fixing anchor cables on the top plate rock mass of the karst cave corresponding to the top of the tunnel structure;
⑦ steel pipe or high-strength composite material is used to assemble frame structure;
⑧ the passive protective net is tightly wrapped on the two sides of each sectional frame structure;
⑨ hoisting the frame structure, and fixing the upper end of the frame structure with the lower extension end of the fixed anchor cable;
⑩ installing a spring-pull member on the tension anchor cable;
⑾, fixedly connecting the upper end of the tension anchor cable with the bottom end of the frame structure at the same side, and fixedly connecting the lower end of the tension anchor cable with the embedded steel pull ring on the anchor pulling foundation;
⑿ binding and fixing adjacent frame sections into a whole by using anti-corrosion ropes.
The invention has the advantages that the frame structure wrapped with the passive protective net is arranged above the top of the tunnel structure to block rockfall at the top of the karst cavity, so that the rockfall is prevented from directly impacting the tunnel structure; the frame structure is a triangular light frame structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, which is constructed by steel pipes or high-strength composite sectional materials, the weight is light, and the upper end and the lower end of the frame structure are connected and fixed through flexible fixed anchor cables and tension anchor cables, so that the frame structure can generate controllable large deformation on the left and the right, the impact force of falling rocks on the frame structure can be greatly attenuated, and the frame structure mainly plays a role in guiding the falling rocks; the lower parts of the frame structures are connected through a tension anchor cable provided with an elastic pulling structure, so that the frame structures can have better plane positioning, can generate larger deformation and can automatically recover the position after the deformation; the construction method is simple, can quickly and economically realize the construction of the rockfall prevention structure of the karst cavity tunnel, and has the characteristics of light weight, safety, convenience, environmental protection, contribution to popularization and the like.
Drawings
The specification includes the following two figures:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of a large karst cavity tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of a large karst cavity tunnel according to the present invention;
the component names and corresponding labels are shown in the figure: the tunnel structure comprises a tunnel structure 1, a tunnel foundation 2, a filling protective body 3, a pulling anchor foundation 4, a fixed anchor cable 5, a frame structure 6, a passive protective net 7, a pulling anchor cable 8, a pulling component 9 and a karst cavity boundary A.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
referring to fig. 1, the large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of the large karst cave tunnel comprises a tunnel structure 1 penetrating through a large karst cave, the tunnel structure 1 is integrally cast by reinforced concrete, the bottom of the tunnel structure is located on a tunnel foundation 2 located on a stable rock foundation, filling protective bodies 3 formed by filling tunnel waste to the top of the tunnel structure 1 through elevation are arranged outside the two transverse sides of the tunnel structure, a frame structure 6 with a triangular section is hung above the tunnel structure, and two sides of the frame structure 6 are tightly wrapped with a fixed passive protective net 7. The upper end of the frame structure 6 is fixedly connected with the downward extending end of a fixed anchor rope 5 which is anchored in a stable rock body at the top of a karst cavity at intervals along the longitudinal direction of an upper line, and the bottom ends at the two sides are fixedly connected with a pull anchor foundation 4 which is embedded in a filling protection body 3 at the two sides of the top of the tunnel structure 1 at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the line through a pull anchor rope 8 on which a spring pull member 9 is arranged.
According to the invention, the frame structure 6 wrapped with the passive protective net 7 is arranged above the top of the tunnel structure 1 to block rockfall at the top of a karst cavity and prevent the rockfall from directly impacting the tunnel structure 1. The frame structure 6 is a triangular light frame with a small upper part and a large lower part, which is formed by steel pipes or high-strength composite section frameworks, the weight is light, the upper end and the lower end of the frame structure are fixedly connected through a flexible fixed anchor cable 5 and a tension anchor cable 8, so that the frame structure 6 can generate controllable large deformation left and right, the impact force of falling rocks on the frame structure 6 is greatly attenuated, and the frame structure 6 mainly plays a role in guiding the falling rocks. The lower part of the frame structure 6 is connected through a tension anchor cable 8 provided with an elastic pulling structure 9, so that the frame structure 6 has better plane positioning, can generate larger deformation and can automatically recover the position after the deformation. Referring to fig. 1, the frame structure 6 is made of steel pipe or high-strength composite profile, and the width of the flared end at the bottom is 2-4m greater than that of the tunnel structure 1. The anchor cable is longitudinally arranged in sections along the line, the number of the fixed anchor cables 5 for hanging and connecting the sections is not less than two, and the distance between the fixed anchor cables 5 is not more than 5 m. The tunnel foundation 2 is generally built by concrete pouring or mortar rubble.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a method for constructing a large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of a large karst hollow tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
① removing loose earth and stones at the corresponding position at the bottom of the tunnel structure 1 until the base rock surface is stabilized;
② constructing the tunnel foundation 2;
③ constructing the reinforced concrete of the tunnel structure 1 after the tunnel foundation 2 reaches 80% of the design strength;
④ adopting tunnel waste slag layered symmetrical construction to fill the protective body 3;
⑤ digging a foundation pit on the filling protective body 3, constructing reinforced concrete of the anchor pulling foundation 4, and embedding a steel pull ring on the top of the anchor pulling foundation;
⑥ constructing and fixing anchor cables 5 on the top plate rock mass of the karst cave corresponding to the top of the tunnel structure 1;
⑦ sectional frame structure 6 made of steel pipe or high-strength composite material;
⑧, the passive protective net 7 is tightly wrapped on the two sides of each segmented frame structure 6;
⑨ hoisting the frame structure 6, the upper end of which is fixedly connected with the lower extension end of the fixed anchor cable 5;
⑩ installing a spring-pull member 9 on the tension anchor cable 8;
⑾, fixedly connecting the upper end of the tension anchor cable 8 with the bottom end of the frame structure 6 at the same side, and fixedly connecting the lower end with the embedded steel pull ring on the anchor pulling foundation 4;
⑿ the adjacent section frame structures 6 are bound and fixed into a whole by adopting anti-corrosion ropes.
The above description is only used to illustrate some principles of the large deformation frame rock fall prevention structure and construction method of the large karst cavity tunnel according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the application scope of the specific structure and construction method shown and described, so all the corresponding modifications and equivalents that may be utilized belong to the patent scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of large karst cavity tunnel, includes tunnel structure (1) that passes through large karst cavity, characterized by: the tunnel structure (1) is integrally cast by adopting reinforced concrete, the bottom of the tunnel structure is located on a tunnel foundation (2) positioned on a stable rock foundation, filling protective bodies (3) formed by filling tunnel waste to the top elevation of the tunnel structure (1) are arranged outside the two transverse sides of the tunnel structure, a frame structure (6) with a triangular section is hung above the tunnel structure, and two sides of the frame structure (6) are tensioned, wrapped and fixed with a passive protective net (7); the upper end of the frame structure (6) is fixedly connected with the downward extending end of a fixed anchor rope (5) which is anchored in a stable rock body at the top of the karst cavity at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the line, and the bottom ends at the two sides are fixedly connected with a pull anchor foundation (4) which is embedded in a filling protection body (3) at the two sides of the top of the tunnel structure (1) at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the line through a pull anchor rope (8) which is provided with a spring pull member (9) on the pull anchor rope.
2. The large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of the large karst hollow tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the frame structure (6) is made of steel pipes or high-strength composite section bars, and the width of the opening end at the bottom of the frame structure is 2-4m larger than that of the tunnel structure (1).
3. The large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of the large karst hollow tunnel as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the cable is arranged in sections along the longitudinal direction of the line, the number of the fixed anchor cables (5) which are connected with the sections in a hanging mode is not less than two, and the distance between the fixed anchor cables (5) is not more than 5 m.
4. The large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of the large karst hollow tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tunnel foundation (2) is formed by pouring concrete or building mortar rubble.
5. The method for constructing a large deformation frame rockfall prevention structure of a large karst hollow tunnel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
① removing loose earth and stones at the corresponding position at the bottom of the tunnel structure (1) until the base rock surface is stabilized;
② constructing a tunnel foundation (2);
③ after the tunnel foundation (2) reaches 80% of the design strength, constructing the reinforced concrete of the tunnel structure (1);
④ constructing and filling the protective body (3) symmetrically by adopting the abandoned tunnel slag layer by layer;
⑤ digging a foundation pit on the filling protective body (3), constructing reinforced concrete of the anchor foundation (4), and embedding a steel pull ring on the top of the anchor foundation;
⑥ constructing and fixing anchor cables (5) on the karst cave roof rock mass corresponding to the top of the tunnel structure (1);
⑦ a steel pipe or high-strength composite section is adopted to assemble the frame structure (6) in sections;
⑧ the passive protective net (7) is tightly wrapped on the two sides of each subsection frame structure (6);
⑨ hoisting the frame structure (6), the upper end of which is fixedly connected with the lower extension end of the fixed anchor cable (5);
⑩ installing a spring-pulling component (9) on the tension anchor cable (8);
⑾, fixedly connecting the upper end of the tension anchor cable (8) with the bottom end of the frame structure (6) at the same side, and fixedly connecting the lower end of the tension anchor cable with a steel pull ring embedded in the anchor pull foundation (4);
⑿ the adjacent section frame structures (6) are bound and fixed into a whole by adopting anti-corrosion ropes.
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| CN201911385633.8A CN111101968B (en) | 2019-12-29 | 2019-12-29 | Construction method of large karst cavity tunnel large deformation frame anti-falling stone structure |
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| CN201911385633.8A CN111101968B (en) | 2019-12-29 | 2019-12-29 | Construction method of large karst cavity tunnel large deformation frame anti-falling stone structure |
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| CN111101968A true CN111101968A (en) | 2020-05-05 |
| CN111101968B CN111101968B (en) | 2024-08-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113503167A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-15 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | Anchor cable reinforced triangular anti-falling rock beam |
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