CN111101412B - Method for monitoring settlement and displacement of railway business line - Google Patents
Method for monitoring settlement and displacement of railway business line Download PDFInfo
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- CN111101412B CN111101412B CN201911406726.4A CN201911406726A CN111101412B CN 111101412 B CN111101412 B CN 111101412B CN 201911406726 A CN201911406726 A CN 201911406726A CN 111101412 B CN111101412 B CN 111101412B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B35/00—Applications of measuring apparatus or devices for track-building purposes
- E01B35/12—Applications of measuring apparatus or devices for track-building purposes for measuring movement of the track or of the components thereof under rolling loads, e.g. depression of sleepers, increase of gauge
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
- G01C5/04—Hydrostatic levelling, i.e. by flexibly interconnected liquid containers at separated points
Abstract
A method for monitoring the settlement and displacement of a railway business line relates to a method for monitoring the settlement and displacement of the business line during the extension construction of the conventional railway station. The invention mainly aims to solve the problems that the existing monitoring method has large interference on driving and inaccurate monitoring result. The settlement deformation of the subgrade bed of the existing operation line in the station and the settlement deformation of the upright post foundation of the canopy are monitored. The method monitors the inclined deformation of the canopy stand column and the pile body deformation of the tunnel guard post in the existing station passenger tunnel jacking construction process. Monitoring pile foundations of an E shaft and an F shaft of the new overhead station; the proximity business line is monitored automatically. Each sensor transmits the acquired data to a data acquisition module, the data acquisition module transmits the data to data receiving equipment, and then a data processing and analyzing system is used for carrying out protocol interpretation on the acquired original data; calculating the original data; and transmitting the parameters to a data early warning system. The method has the advantages of long-term, stable and reliable monitoring.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for monitoring the settlement and displacement of a business line during the extension construction of the conventional railway station.
Background art:
during the extension construction of the existing railway station, in order to guarantee the operation safety of the existing line and the construction quality of a newly-built railway project, the settlement and displacement of a business line are monitored.
However, the existing monitoring method has large interference to the travelling crane and inaccurate monitoring result.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for monitoring the settlement and displacement of a railway business line, which has small interference on driving and accurate monitoring result.
The above object is achieved by:
firstly, monitoring the existing business line;
the method comprises the steps of monitoring the settlement deformation of a roadbed of the existing operation line in the station and the settlement deformation of a stand column foundation of the canopy.
(1) Arranging monitoring lines:
monitoring the settlement of the subgrade bed of the positive track far away from the new line: automatic monitoring level meters (static level meters) are arranged on the side wall of a base plate of the ballastless track of the line, and one level meter is arranged at intervals of 30 meters.
And (3) monitoring settlement of subgrade beds of station line track positioned in the middle: an automatic monitoring level meter is arranged on a concrete cushion layer below a platform on one side of the line and 0.2m away from a platform wall, and one automatic monitoring level meter is arranged at an interval of 30 m.
And (3) monitoring settlement of the subgrade bed of the station line track close to the new line: automatic monitoring material level meters are arranged on concrete steps at the bottom of the line road shoulder slope protection, and one automatic monitoring material level meter is arranged at intervals of 50 meters.
The method comprises the following steps that settlement monitoring is carried out on the existing canopy stand column foundation close to a new line, and an automatic monitoring material level meter is installed on the canopy stand column foundation;
the reference points of the level meter are respectively arranged on the four culverts.
The positioning loading box and the industrial control equipment box are fixed on the outer side road shoulder surface of the datum point position through (M8) medicament bolts.
Secondly, monitoring the tunnel jacking.
The method is used for monitoring the inclined deformation of the rain shed stand column and the pile body deformation of the tunnel guard pile in the existing line sound range in the existing station passenger tunnel jacking construction process.
Passenger passageway top advances to connect long position department and has designed artifical hole bored concrete pile to enclose, and the fender pile adopts phi 1250mm reinforced concrete pile, and interval 1.45m cooperates the reinforced concrete barricade to be "L" type and arranges, treats that hole digging pile and stull reach design strength after, the middle part digging groove sets up prefabricated retaining wall. In order to ensure the operation safety of the existing line, grasp the states of the guard post and the canopy structure in real time and effectively guide the jacking construction of the passenger tunnel, the inclined deformation of the upright post of the canopy and the deformation of the pile body of the guard post need to be monitored.
Adopt automatic survey inclinometer monitoring mode to carry out the slope monitoring to existing canopy post, take the monitoring of qxcomm technology horizontal displacement meter to the pile body deformation of fender pile, adopt above-mentioned monitoring mode to carry out real-time supervision in the work progress.
(1) A canopy column inclination monitoring system is arranged;
the monitoring range mainly is that the canopy stand of passenger's tunnel jack-in influence within range, adopts the biax inclinometer to carry out canopy post slope measurement. Each rainshed column is provided with an inclinometer, the double-shaft inclinometer is arranged in a protection box, and the protection box is fixed on the column body through a stainless steel hoop.
(2) Arranging a horizontal displacement monitoring system of a pile body of the jacking tunnel fender post;
the monitoring range is mainly the fender pile at the passenger tunnel interface, the fender pile is a manual hole digging cast-in-place pile, an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter is arranged in 4 fender piles close to the canopy stand column, and the length of the arranged omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter is consistent with that of the fender pile.
Thirdly, pile foundations of an E shaft and an F shaft of the new overhead platform are monitored;
adopt horizontal displacement meter and bar meter in being close to the bored concrete pile of existing platform road bed one side, adopt horizontal displacement meter and bar meter in keeping away from the bored concrete pile of existing platform road bed one side, monitor pile foundation construction to the change of aerial platform E axle and F axle bored concrete pile reinforcing bar stress, E axle and F axle bored concrete pile top subside and horizontal displacement warp.
(1) Arranging sensors of a steel bar meter in the cast-in-situ bored pile;
and arranging a steel bar meter in the cast-in-situ bored pile, and installing the steel bar meter on the main stress steel bars at the east and west sides 3 meters, 7 meters and 12 meters away from the pile top in each bored pile.
(2) Arranging sensors of a horizontal displacement meter at the top of the bored pile;
and arranging a horizontal displacement meter at the pile top of the cast-in-situ bored pile, adopting an L-shaped prism as the horizontal displacement meter, and measuring the horizontal displacement and the settlement deformation of the pile top of the cast-in-situ bored pile by using a high-precision full-automatic measuring robot according to the monitoring frequency.
Fourthly, automatically monitoring the adjacent business line;
the monitoring range is mainly used for monitoring the deformation of soil at the slope toe of the embankment side slope. The deep layered settlement meter, the pore water pressure meter, the water level meter, the soil pressure meter, the omnidirectional displacement meter and the horizontal displacement meter are arranged. The method mainly monitors the layered settlement deformation of the deep layer of the soil body, the horizontal displacement deformation of the deep layer of the soil body, the change of the pressure of the layered pore water of the soil body and the change of the underground water level.
The construction of an on-line business line automatic monitoring and tunnel jacking monitoring installation buried settlement automatic monitoring level meter (static level meter), an inclinometer and an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter is brought into the construction of skylight time periods of adjacent business lines.
Construction and installation of a settlement monitoring system of the static level gauge:
the measuring line of the static level is parallel to the line direction, and is fixed on the bottom of the side surface of the base plate through M8 agent bolts and then covered by a protective cover, and the protective cover is filled with flame-retardant heat-insulating materials and is fixed on the base plate through M8 bolts.
The transmission bus is parallel to the line direction, is fixed at the bottom of the side face of the base plate through M8 agent bolts and then is covered by a protective cover, the protective cover is filled with flame-retardant heat-insulating materials and is fixed on the base plate through M8 bolts, the transmission bus can be installed on the surface of the base plate under the restriction of field conditions, and the installation method is not changed.
The settlement measuring line arrangement meets the ground wire and the line measuring line of the transponder to carry out downward penetration and crossing, and meets the arrangement of the station entering signal machine and the settlement measuring line of the turnout to carry out detour.
A50 mm open groove (the groove depth is 100 mm) is enlarged at the position of the industrial control equipment box according to the external dimension of the industrial control equipment box, the box body is downwards fixed on a groove bottom cushion layer through a medicament bolt, and meanwhile, anti-crack mortar is poured for fixation.
Construction and installation of the omnidirectional displacement meter:
the specific embedding and mounting method of the omnidirectional displacement meter comprises the following steps:
the omnidirectional displacement meter of the hole digging pile directly binds and fixes the inclinometer pipe at the inner side of the pile body reinforcement cage when the pile body reinforcement cage is constructed, the omnidirectional displacement meter is embedded into the inclinometer pipe after the pile body is poured with concrete and solidified and hardened, and the omnidirectional sensing horizontal displacement meter is adopted for protection by a special protection pipe.
Firstly drilling an inclination measuring hole at the slope toe of the side slope of the track subgrade by using a geological drilling machine, wherein the drilling depth is 17-22 m, the drilling hole diameter is 110mm, the inclination of the drilling hole is not more than 1%, after the inclination measuring hole is formed, arranging an inclination measuring protection pipe below the inclination measuring protection pipe, and backfilling the pipe wall and the hole wall by using the original soil body. Then the omnidirectional sensing horizontal displacement meter is implanted into an inclinometry protection tube and protected by a special protection tube for the omnidirectional sensing horizontal displacement meter, fine sand is filled between the two tube walls in a layered mode, and a waterproof measure is made on the top end of the protection tube by cement.
Construction and installation of the horizontal displacement meter:
the horizontal displacement is an L-shaped prism. A high-precision full-automatic measuring robot (with the precision of 1mm +1 ppm), namely an automatic total station, is mainly adopted for monitoring. The horizontal displacement meter mainly monitors horizontal displacement and vertical settlement of the pile top of the cast-in-situ bored pile and horizontal displacement of a temporary closed fence at an existing track (horizontal displacement of a roadbed side slope at the position).
Construction and installation of the inclinometer:
the inclinometer adopts a double-shaft inclinometer to monitor the inclination angle change and the horizontal displacement deformation of the vertical column of the canopy. The double-shaft inclinometer is bound and fixed on the canopy upright post, and the height of the double-shaft inclinometer is 2.5m away from the upper part of the canopy upright post foundation.
And (3) construction and installation of a reinforcing bar meter:
the steel bar meter is used for monitoring the change of the stress of the steel bars in the F-axis cast-in-situ bored pile of the aerial platform. The monitoring points of the reinforcing bar meters are symmetrically arranged and welded on main bars at the positions of 3m, 7m and 12m (the distance from the pile top) of a reinforcement cage of the cast-in-place pile, and then the main bars are arranged in a construction drill hole along with the reinforcement cage.
And (3) construction and installation of the soil pressure gauge:
the soil pressure gauge embedded in the step digging position during construction adjacent to the side slope of the roadbed of the original track is used for monitoring the soil pressure change during concrete filling construction at the upper part of the step digging position. And directly burying the side slope steps.
The soil pressure gauge embedded in the F-axis wall body adjacent to the overhead platform is used for monitoring the soil pressure change during the filling construction of the light concrete of the side roadbed. The platform wall is buried at the F shaft of the overhead platform at a position 1.0m-5.0m above the ground surface; the platform wall is buried at the F shaft of the overhead platform at a position 1.0-5.5 m above the ground surface.
And (3) construction and installation of the pore water pressure gauge:
the pore water pressure gauge is used for monitoring the pore water pressure change of each soil layer of the field substrate at the position adjacent to the slope of the roadbed of the original track. Drilling monitoring holes by using a geological drilling machine, wherein the drilling depth is 17-22 m, the hole diameter of each drilling hole is 110mm, the deviation rate of each drilling hole is not more than 1%, after the monitoring holes are formed, pore water pressure gauges are buried in the monitoring holes one by one, original state soil is used for backfilling monitoring components in the holes, and cohesive soil is used for backfilling boundaries of different soil layers.
Construction and installation of the soil deep layer settlement meter:
the deep soil layered settlement meter is used for monitoring the compression settlement deformation of soil layers of a field foundation at a position adjacent to a side slope of a roadbed of an original track. The deep layered settlement meter is sleeved on the deep layered settlement pipe, is respectively arranged at the positions 2 meters, 6 meters and 8 meters away from the ground surface and 2 meters away from the bottom of the hole on the settlement pipe, and is limited by a pipe hoop. And drilling a monitoring hole by using a geological drilling machine, wherein the drilling depth is 17-22 m, the hole diameter of the drilling hole is 110mm, the deviation rate of the drilling hole is not more than 1%, after the monitoring hole is formed, burying a deep layered settlement monitoring pipe and a monitoring material level meter into the monitoring hole, and backfilling the pipe wall and the soil body by using original soil.
And (3) constructing and installing a water level gauge:
the water level gauge is used for monitoring the change of the ground water level at the side slope of the roadbed of the track. And drilling a water level hole by using a geological drilling machine, arranging a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) flower pipe below the water level hole after the water level hole is drilled to the designed depth, externally coating water seepage geotextile, and backfilling sand between the pipe and the hole wall. Then a water level meter is placed, the distance between the water level meter and the bottom of the hole is not less than 1 meter, and a protective measure is made at the hole opening.
The automatic monitoring system consists of a measuring system, a data transmission and acquisition system and an online monitoring system;
the measuring system mainly comprises a material level meter, an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter, a steel bar meter, a pore water pressure meter, a water level meter, a soil pressure meter, an omnidirectional displacement meter and a signal transmission bus; the level meter has the function of automatically measuring the elevation of the vertical displacement of the structure. The omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter has the function of automatically measuring the horizontal displacement of the pile body or the soil body. The function of the reinforcing bar meter is to automatically measure the stress strain of the reinforcing bar in the pile body. The function of the soil pressure gauge is to automatically measure the soil pressure in the soil body. The pore water pressure gauge has the function of automatically measuring the pore water pressure in the soil body. The water level gauge functions to automatically measure the ground water level. The function of the horizontal displacement meter is to measure the pile top or ground surface settlement and horizontal displacement deformation. The signal transmission bus is used for transmitting pressure and signals.
The data transmission and acquisition system comprises an industrial control equipment box, a data acquisition module, power management equipment, a power transmission line and a signal transmission line. The equipment box bears and protects the data acquisition equipment, the wireless transmission equipment and the power supply equipment; the data acquisition module can control the work of the automatic monitoring component in real time and collect and measure data and the external power supply of the power management equipment provides power for the acquisition module and the instrument; the power transmission line provides power for the measurement system and the data transmission and acquisition system; the signal transmission line comprises a signal line connected with the acquisition module and the instrument and a transmitting antenna of the wireless transmission module.
The online monitoring system comprises communication management system software, data processing and analyzing system software, data publishing system software, data early warning system software and a cloud server; the communication management system manages the communication between the data transmission and acquisition system and the background server; the data processing and analyzing system carries out data analysis, screening, calculation, analysis and other work, the data issuing system software issues monitoring data results to various platforms for display, the data early warning system software provides early warning in the modes of display, sound, short message, E-mail and the like according to early warning rules, and the cloud server software runs a platform and manages a database.
The system comprises a material level meter, an inclination measuring meter, an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter, a double-shaft inclinometer, a horizontal displacement meter, a steel bar meter, a pore water pressure meter, a water level meter, a soil pressure meter and an omnidirectional displacement meter, wherein the material level meter, the inclination measuring meter, the omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter, the double-shaft inclinometer, the horizontal displacement meter, the steel bar meter, the pore water pressure meter, the water level meter, the soil pressure meter and the omnidirectional displacement meter transmit collected data to a data acquisition module in an industrial control equipment box; calculating the original data; transmitting parameters to the data early warning system to complete data exchange and message transmission functions with the early warning system; the data early warning system generates related events according to a preset early warning rule, such as automatic monitoring of component abnormity, settlement deformation out-of-limit, horizontal displacement deformation out-of-limit, operation items and the like; carrying out alarm processing such as sound, character and flashing on related events; the data issuing system issues the monitoring data to the workstation and the Web site; software in the workstation or Web site displays the monitored data to the operator in real time in numeric, textual, time-course curve formats, etc.
The invention has the advantages that: the interference to the driving is small, and the monitoring result is accurate. Can carry out long-term, stable and reliable monitoring.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
firstly, monitoring the existing business line;
the method comprises the steps of monitoring the settlement deformation of a roadbed of the existing operation line in the station and the settlement deformation of a stand column foundation of the canopy.
(1) Arranging monitoring lines:
monitoring the settlement of the subgrade bed of the positive track far away from the new line: automatic monitoring level meters (static level meters) are arranged on the side wall of a base plate of the ballastless track of the line, and one level meter is arranged at intervals of 30 meters.
And (3) monitoring settlement of subgrade beds of station line track positioned in the middle: an automatic monitoring level meter is arranged on a concrete cushion layer below a platform on one side of the line and 0.2m away from a platform wall, and one automatic monitoring level meter is arranged at an interval of 30 m.
And (3) monitoring settlement of the subgrade bed of the station line track close to the new line: automatic monitoring material level meters are arranged on concrete steps at the bottom of the line road shoulder slope protection, and one automatic monitoring material level meter is arranged at intervals of 50 meters.
The method comprises the following steps that settlement monitoring is carried out on the existing canopy stand column foundation close to a new line, and an automatic monitoring material level meter is installed on the canopy stand column foundation;
the reference points of the level meter are respectively arranged on the four culverts.
The positioning loading box and the industrial control equipment box are fixed on the outer side road shoulder surface of the datum point position through (M8) medicament bolts.
Secondly, monitoring the tunnel jacking.
The method is used for monitoring the inclined deformation of the rain shed stand column and the pile body deformation of the tunnel guard pile in the existing line sound range in the existing station passenger tunnel jacking construction process.
Passenger passageway top advances to connect long position department and has designed artifical hole bored concrete pile to enclose, and the fender pile adopts phi 1250mm reinforced concrete pile, and interval 1.45m cooperates the reinforced concrete barricade to be "L" type and arranges, treats that hole digging pile and stull reach design strength after, the middle part digging groove sets up prefabricated retaining wall. In order to ensure the operation safety of the existing line, grasp the states of the guard post and the canopy structure in real time and effectively guide the jacking construction of the passenger tunnel, the inclined deformation of the upright post of the canopy and the deformation of the pile body of the guard post need to be monitored.
Adopt automatic survey inclinometer monitoring mode to carry out the slope monitoring to existing canopy post, take the monitoring of qxcomm technology horizontal displacement meter to the pile body deformation of fender pile, adopt above-mentioned monitoring mode to carry out real-time supervision in the work progress.
(1) A canopy column inclination monitoring system is arranged;
the monitoring range mainly is that the canopy stand of passenger's tunnel jack-in influence within range, adopts the biax inclinometer to carry out canopy post slope measurement. Each rainshed column is provided with an inclinometer, the double-shaft inclinometer is arranged in a protection box, and the protection box is fixed on the column body through a stainless steel hoop.
(2) Arranging a horizontal displacement monitoring system of a pile body of the jacking tunnel fender post;
the monitoring range is mainly the fender pile at the passenger tunnel interface, the fender pile is a manual hole digging cast-in-place pile, an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter is arranged in 4 fender piles close to the canopy stand column, and the length of the arranged omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter is consistent with that of the fender pile.
Thirdly, pile foundations of an E shaft and an F shaft of the new overhead platform are monitored;
adopt horizontal displacement meter and bar meter in being close to the bored concrete pile of existing platform road bed one side, adopt horizontal displacement meter and bar meter in keeping away from the bored concrete pile of existing platform road bed one side, monitor pile foundation construction to the change of aerial platform E axle and F axle bored concrete pile reinforcing bar stress, E axle and F axle bored concrete pile top subside and horizontal displacement warp.
(1) Arranging sensors of a steel bar meter in the cast-in-situ bored pile;
and arranging a steel bar meter in the cast-in-situ bored pile, and installing the steel bar meter on the main stress steel bars at the east and west sides 3 meters, 7 meters and 12 meters away from the pile top in each bored pile.
(2) Arranging sensors of a horizontal displacement meter at the top of the bored pile;
and arranging a horizontal displacement meter at the pile top of the cast-in-situ bored pile, adopting an L-shaped prism as the horizontal displacement meter, and measuring the horizontal displacement and the settlement deformation of the pile top of the cast-in-situ bored pile by using a high-precision full-automatic measuring robot according to the monitoring frequency.
Fourthly, automatically monitoring the adjacent business line;
the monitoring range is mainly used for monitoring the deformation of soil at the slope toe of the embankment side slope. The deep layered settlement meter, the pore water pressure meter, the water level meter, the soil pressure meter, the omnidirectional displacement meter and the horizontal displacement meter are arranged. The method mainly monitors the layered settlement deformation of the deep layer of the soil body, the horizontal displacement deformation of the deep layer of the soil body, the change of the pressure of the layered pore water of the soil body and the change of the underground water level.
The construction of an on-line business line automatic monitoring and tunnel jacking monitoring installation buried settlement automatic monitoring level meter (static level meter), an inclinometer and an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter is brought into the construction of skylight time periods of adjacent business lines.
Construction and installation of a settlement monitoring system of the static level gauge:
the measuring line of the static level is parallel to the line direction, and is fixed on the bottom of the side surface of the base plate through M8 agent bolts and then covered by a protective cover, and the protective cover is filled with flame-retardant heat-insulating materials and is fixed on the base plate through M8 bolts.
The transmission bus is parallel to the line direction, is fixed at the bottom of the side face of the base plate through M8 agent bolts and then is covered by a protective cover, the protective cover is filled with flame-retardant heat-insulating materials and is fixed on the base plate through M8 bolts, the transmission bus can be installed on the surface of the base plate under the restriction of field conditions, and the installation method is not changed.
The settlement measuring line arrangement meets the ground wire and the line measuring line of the transponder to carry out downward penetration and crossing, and meets the arrangement of the station entering signal machine and the settlement measuring line of the turnout to carry out detour.
A50 mm open groove (the groove depth is 100 mm) is enlarged at the position of the industrial control equipment box according to the external dimension of the industrial control equipment box, the box body is downwards fixed on a groove bottom cushion layer through a medicament bolt, and meanwhile, anti-crack mortar is poured for fixation.
Construction and installation of the omnidirectional displacement meter:
the specific embedding and mounting method of the omnidirectional displacement meter comprises the following steps:
the omnidirectional displacement meter of the hole digging pile directly binds and fixes the inclinometer pipe at the inner side of the pile body reinforcement cage when the pile body reinforcement cage is constructed, the omnidirectional displacement meter is embedded into the inclinometer pipe after the pile body is poured with concrete and solidified and hardened, and the omnidirectional sensing horizontal displacement meter is adopted for protection by a special protection pipe.
Firstly drilling an inclination measuring hole at the slope toe of the side slope of the track subgrade by using a geological drilling machine, wherein the drilling depth is 17-22 m, the drilling hole diameter is 110mm, the inclination of the drilling hole is not more than 1%, after the inclination measuring hole is formed, arranging an inclination measuring protection pipe below the inclination measuring protection pipe, and backfilling the pipe wall and the hole wall by using the original soil body. Then the omnidirectional sensing horizontal displacement meter is implanted into the inclinometer protection tube, the protection tube special for the omnidirectional sensing horizontal displacement meter is adopted for protection, fine sand is adopted for backfilling between two tube walls in a layering manner, and cement is adopted for taking waterproof measures at the top end.
Construction and installation of the horizontal displacement meter:
the horizontal displacement is an L-shaped prism. A high-precision full-automatic measuring robot (with the precision of 1mm +1 ppm), namely an automatic total station, is mainly adopted for monitoring. The horizontal displacement meter mainly monitors horizontal displacement and vertical settlement of the pile top of the cast-in-situ bored pile and horizontal displacement of a temporary closed fence at an existing track (horizontal displacement of a roadbed side slope at the position).
Construction and installation of the inclinometer:
the inclinometer adopts a double-shaft inclinometer to monitor the inclination angle change and the horizontal displacement deformation of the vertical column of the canopy. The double-shaft inclinometer is bound and fixed on the canopy upright post, and the height of the double-shaft inclinometer is 2.5m away from the upper part of the canopy upright post foundation.
And (3) construction and installation of a reinforcing bar meter:
the steel bar meter is used for monitoring the change of the stress of the steel bars in the F-axis cast-in-situ bored pile of the aerial platform. The monitoring points of the reinforcing bar meters are symmetrically arranged and welded on main bars at the positions of 3m, 7m and 12m (the distance from the pile top) of a reinforcement cage of the cast-in-place pile, and then the main bars are arranged in a construction drill hole along with the reinforcement cage.
And (3) construction and installation of the soil pressure gauge:
the soil pressure gauge embedded in the step digging position during construction adjacent to the side slope of the roadbed of the original track is used for monitoring the soil pressure change during concrete filling construction at the upper part of the step digging position. And directly burying the side slope steps.
The soil pressure gauge embedded in the F-axis wall body adjacent to the aerial platform is used for monitoring the soil pressure change during the filling construction of the light concrete of the side road foundation. The platform wall is buried at the F shaft of the overhead platform at a position 1.0m-5.0m above the ground surface; the platform wall is buried at the F shaft of the overhead platform at a position 1.0-5.5 m above the ground surface.
And (3) construction and installation of the pore water pressure gauge:
the pore water pressure gauge is used for monitoring the pore water pressure change of each soil layer of the field substrate at the position adjacent to the slope of the roadbed of the original track. Drilling monitoring holes by using a geological drilling machine, wherein the drilling depth is 17-22 m, the hole diameter of each drilling hole is 110mm, the deviation rate of each drilling hole is not more than 1%, after the monitoring holes are formed, pore water pressure gauges are buried in the monitoring holes one by one, original state soil is used for backfilling monitoring components in the holes, and cohesive soil is used for backfilling boundaries of different soil layers.
Construction and installation of the soil deep layered settlement meter:
the deep soil layered settlement meter is used for monitoring the compression settlement deformation of soil layers of a field foundation at a position adjacent to a side slope of a roadbed of an original track. The deep layered settlement meter is sleeved on the deep layered settlement pipe, is respectively arranged at the positions 2 meters, 6 meters and 8 meters away from the ground surface and 2 meters away from the bottom of the hole on the settlement pipe, and is limited by a pipe hoop. And drilling a monitoring hole by using a geological drilling machine, wherein the drilling depth is 17-22 m, the hole diameter of the drilling hole is 110mm, the deviation rate of the drilling hole is not more than 1%, after the monitoring hole is formed, burying a deep layered settlement monitoring pipe and a monitoring material level meter into the monitoring hole, and backfilling the pipe wall and the soil body by using original soil.
And (3) constructing and installing a water level gauge:
the water level gauge is used for monitoring the change of the ground water level at the side slope of the roadbed of the track. And drilling a water level hole by using a geological drilling machine, arranging a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) flower pipe below the water level hole after the water level hole is drilled to the designed depth, externally coating water seepage geotextile, and backfilling sand between the pipe and the hole wall. Then a water level meter is placed, the distance between the water level meter and the bottom of the hole is not less than 1 meter, and a protective measure is made at the hole opening.
The automatic monitoring system consists of a measuring system, a data transmission and acquisition system and an online monitoring system;
the measuring system mainly comprises a material level meter, an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter, a steel bar meter, a pore water pressure meter, a water level meter, a soil pressure meter, an omnidirectional displacement meter and a signal transmission bus; the level meter has the function of automatically measuring the elevation of the vertical displacement of the structure. The omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter has the function of automatically measuring the horizontal displacement of the pile body or the soil body. The function of the reinforcing bar meter is to automatically measure the stress strain of the reinforcing bar in the pile body. The function of the soil pressure gauge is to automatically measure the soil pressure in the soil body. The pore water pressure gauge has the function of automatically measuring the pore water pressure in the soil body. The water level gauge functions to automatically measure the ground water level. The function of the horizontal displacement meter is to measure the pile top or ground surface settlement and horizontal displacement deformation. The signal transmission bus is used for transmitting pressure and signals.
The data transmission and acquisition system comprises an industrial control equipment box, a data acquisition module, power management equipment, a power transmission line and a signal transmission line. The equipment box bears and protects the data acquisition equipment, the wireless transmission equipment and the power supply equipment; the data acquisition module can control the work of the automatic monitoring component in real time and collect and measure data and the external power supply of the power management equipment provides power for the acquisition module and the instrument; the power transmission line provides power for the measurement system and the data transmission and acquisition system; the signal transmission line comprises a signal line connected with the acquisition module and the instrument and a transmitting antenna of the wireless transmission module.
The online monitoring system comprises communication management system software, data processing and analyzing system software, data publishing system software, data early warning system software and a cloud server; the communication management system manages the communication between the data transmission and acquisition system and the background server; the data processing and analyzing system carries out data analysis, screening, calculation, analysis and other work, the data issuing system software issues monitoring data results to various platforms for display, the data early warning system software provides early warning in the modes of display, sound, short message, E-mail and the like according to early warning rules, and the cloud server software runs a platform and manages a database.
The system comprises a material level meter, an inclination measuring meter, an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter, a double-shaft inclinometer, a horizontal displacement meter, a steel bar meter, a pore water pressure meter, a water level meter, a soil pressure meter and an omnidirectional displacement meter, wherein the material level meter, the inclination measuring meter, the omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter, the double-shaft inclinometer, the horizontal displacement meter, the steel bar meter, the pore water pressure meter, the water level meter, the soil pressure meter and the omnidirectional displacement meter transmit collected data to a data acquisition module in an industrial control equipment box; calculating the original data; transmitting parameters to the data early warning system to complete data exchange and message transmission functions with the early warning system; the data early warning system generates related events according to a preset early warning rule, such as automatic monitoring of component abnormity, settlement deformation out-of-limit, horizontal displacement deformation out-of-limit, operation items and the like; carrying out alarm processing such as sound, character and flashing on related events; the data issuing system issues the monitoring data to the workstation and the Web site; software in the workstation or Web site displays the monitored data to the operator in real time in numeric, textual, time-course curve formats, etc.
Claims (1)
1. The method for monitoring the settlement and displacement of the railway business line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, monitoring the existing business line;
the method comprises the steps of monitoring the settlement deformation of a roadbed of the existing operation line in the station and the settlement deformation of a vertical column foundation of the canopy;
(1) arranging monitoring lines:
monitoring the settlement of the subgrade bed of the positive track far away from the new line: installing automatic monitoring material level meters at the side wall of a base plate of a ballastless track of a line, wherein one automatic monitoring material level meter is installed at intervals of 30 meters;
and (3) monitoring settlement of subgrade beds of station line track positioned in the middle: an automatic monitoring material level meter is arranged on a concrete cushion layer below a platform on one side of a line and 0.2m away from a platform wall, and one automatic monitoring material level meter is arranged at an interval of 30 m;
and (3) monitoring settlement of the subgrade bed of the station line track close to the new line: installing automatic monitoring material level meters on concrete steps at the bottom of the line shoulder slope protection, wherein one automatic monitoring material level meter is installed at intervals of 50 meters;
the method comprises the following steps that settlement monitoring is carried out on the existing canopy stand column foundation close to a new line, and an automatic monitoring material level meter is installed on the canopy stand column foundation;
the reference points of the level meter are respectively arranged on the culverts;
the positioning loading box and the industrial control equipment box are fixed on the surface of a road shoulder outside the reference point position through a medicament bolt;
secondly, monitoring the jacking of the tunnel;
monitoring the inclined deformation of a canopy upright post and the pile body deformation of a tunnel guard pile in the existing line sound range in the jacking construction process of the passenger tunnel of the existing station;
manual hole digging cast-in-place piles are designed at the position where the passenger passageway is jacked and lengthened for enclosure, reinforced concrete piles with the diameter of phi 1250mm are adopted as the protective piles, the distance is 1.45m, the protective piles are arranged in an L shape in cooperation with the reinforced concrete retaining wall, and after the hole digging piles and the cross braces reach the design strength, prefabricated retaining walls are arranged in middle digging grooves;
the method comprises the following steps of carrying out inclination monitoring on an existing canopy column in an automatic inclination meter monitoring mode, monitoring pile body deformation of a fender post in an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter mode, and carrying out real-time monitoring in a construction process in the monitoring mode;
(1) a canopy column inclination monitoring system is arranged;
the monitoring range is mainly the rain shed upright columns in the influence range of the jacking of the passenger tunnel, the inclination measurement of the rain shed columns is carried out by adopting a double-shaft inclinometer, each rain shed column is provided with one inclinometer, the double-shaft inclinometer is arranged in a protection box, and the protection box is fixed on a column body through a stainless steel hoop;
(2) arranging a horizontal displacement monitoring system of a pile body of the jacking tunnel fender post;
the monitoring range is mainly the fender post at the passenger tunnel interface, the fender post is a manually-excavated cast-in-place pile, an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter is distributed in 4 fender posts close to the rainshed upright post, and the length of the distributed omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter is consistent with that of the fender post;
thirdly, pile foundations of an E shaft and an F shaft of the new overhead platform are monitored;
adopting a horizontal displacement meter and a reinforcement meter in the cast-in-situ bored pile close to one side of the roadbed of the existing platform, adopting a horizontal displacement meter and a reinforcement meter in the cast-in-situ bored pile far away from one side of the roadbed of the existing platform, and monitoring stress changes of the pile foundation construction on the reinforcement of the cast-in-situ bored piles of the E shaft and the F shaft of the overhead platform, and pile top settlement and horizontal displacement deformation of the cast-in-situ bored piles of the E shaft and the F shaft;
(1) arranging sensors of a steel bar meter in the cast-in-situ bored pile;
arranging a steel bar meter in the cast-in-situ bored pile, and installing the steel bar meter on the main stress steel bars at the east and west sides 3 meters, 7 meters and 12 meters away from the pile top in each hole pile;
(2) arranging sensors of a horizontal displacement meter at the top of the bored pile;
installing and distributing a horizontal displacement meter at the pile top of the cast-in-place bored pile, adopting an L-shaped prism as the horizontal displacement meter, and measuring the horizontal displacement and the settlement deformation of the pile top of the cast-in-place bored pile according to the monitoring frequency by using a high-precision full-automatic measuring robot;
fourthly, automatically monitoring the adjacent business line;
the monitoring range mainly comprises deformation monitoring of soil at the slope toe of the embankment side slope; the deep layered settlement meter, the pore water pressure meter, the water level meter, the soil pressure meter, the omnidirectional displacement meter and the horizontal displacement meter are arranged; mainly monitoring the layered settlement deformation of the deep layer of the soil body, the horizontal displacement deformation of the deep layer of the soil body, the change of the pressure of the layered pore water of the soil body and the change of the underground water level;
the construction of an on-line business line automatic monitoring and tunnel jacking monitoring, installation and burying of an automatic settlement monitoring material level meter, an inclinometer and an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter is brought into the construction of a skylight period of an adjacent business line;
constructing and installing a settlement monitoring system of the static level;
the measuring line of the static level is parallel to the line direction, and is fixed at the bottom of the side surface of the base plate through M8 medicament bolts and then covered by a protective cover, and the protective cover is filled with flame-retardant heat-insulating materials and is fixed on the base plate through M8 bolts; the transmission bus is parallel to the line direction, is fixed at the bottom of the side surface of the base plate through an M8 medicament bolt, and is covered by a protective cover, flame-retardant heat-insulating materials are filled in the protective cover, and the protective cover is fixed on the base plate through an M8 bolt, the transmission bus can be installed on the surface of the base plate under the condition of field, and the installation method is not changed;
the settlement measuring line arrangement is subjected to downward penetration and crossing when meeting the ground wire and the line measuring line of the transponder, and is required to detour when meeting the arrangement of the station entering signal machine and the settlement measuring line of the turnout;
a 50mm groove is formed in the position of the industrial control equipment box according to the external dimension of the industrial control equipment box, the box body is downwards fixed on a groove bottom cushion layer through a medicament bolt, and meanwhile, anti-crack mortar is poured for fixation;
construction and installation of the omnidirectional displacement meter;
the specific embedding and mounting method of the omnidirectional displacement meter comprises the following steps: an omnidirectional displacement meter of the hole digging pile directly binds and fixes an inclinometer pipe on the inner side of a pile body reinforcement cage when the pile body reinforcement cage is constructed, the omnidirectional displacement meter is embedded into the inclinometer pipe after concrete is poured on the pile body and is solidified and hardened, and a special protection pipe of an omnidirectional sensing horizontal displacement meter is adopted for protection;
firstly drilling an inclination measuring hole at the slope toe of the side slope of the track road bed by using a geological drilling machine, wherein the drilling depth is 17-22 m, the hole diameter of the drilling hole is 110mm, the inclination of the drilling hole is not more than 1%, after the inclination measuring hole is formed, arranging an inclination measuring protection pipe downwards, and backfilling the pipe wall and the hole wall by using an original soil body; then implanting the omnidirectional sensing horizontal displacement meter into an inclinometry protection tube, adopting a special protection tube for the omnidirectional sensing horizontal displacement meter to protect, backfilling fine sand between two tube walls in a layered mode, and taking a waterproof measure at the top end by adopting cement;
construction and installation of the horizontal displacement meter:
the horizontal displacement meter is an L-shaped prism, a high-precision full-automatic measuring robot, namely an automatic total station, is mainly used for monitoring, and the horizontal displacement meter is mainly used for monitoring the horizontal displacement and the vertical sedimentation of the pile top of the cast-in-situ bored pile and the horizontal displacement of a temporary closed fence at an existing station;
construction and installation of the inclinometer:
the inclination meter adopts a double-shaft inclinometer, the inclination change and the horizontal displacement deformation of the rainshed stand column are monitored, the double-shaft inclinometer is bound and fixed on the rainshed stand column, and the height of the double-shaft inclinometer is 2.5m above the rainshed stand column foundation;
and (3) construction and installation of a reinforcing bar meter:
the reinforcement meter is used for monitoring the stress change of the reinforcement in the F-axis bored pile of the aerial platform, monitoring points of the reinforcement meter are symmetrically arranged and welded on main reinforcements at 3m, 7m and 12m positions of a reinforcement cage of the bored pile, and then the main reinforcements are arranged in a construction borehole along with the reinforcement cage;
and (3) construction and installation of the soil pressure gauge:
the soil pressure gauge embedded at the step digging position during construction adjacent to the side slope of the roadbed of the original track is used for monitoring the soil pressure change during the concrete filling construction at the upper part of the position; directly burying the side slope steps;
the soil pressure gauge embedded in the F-axis wall body adjacent to the overhead platform is used for monitoring the soil pressure change during the filling construction of the light concrete of the side roadbed; the platform wall is buried at the F shaft of the overhead platform at a position 1.0m-5.0m above the ground surface; the platform wall is buried at the F shaft of the overhead platform at a position 1.0-5.5 m above the ground surface;
and (3) construction and installation of the pore water pressure gauge:
the pore water pressure meter is used for monitoring the pore water pressure change of each soil layer of the field substrate at the position adjacent to the original track roadbed side slope; drilling monitoring holes by using a geological drilling machine, wherein the drilling depth is 17-22 m, the hole diameter of each drilling hole is 110mm, the deviation rate of each drilling hole is not more than 1%, after the monitoring holes are formed, pore water pressure gauges are embedded into the monitoring holes one by one, original state soil is used for backfilling monitoring components in the holes, and cohesive soil is used for backfilling boundaries of different soil layers;
construction and installation of the soil deep layer settlement meter:
the deep layered settlement gauge of the soil body is used for monitoring the compression settlement deformation of each soil layer of the site foundation at the position close to the side slope of the roadbed of the original track, the deep layered settlement gauge is sleeved on the deep layered settlement pipe and is respectively arranged at the positions 2 meters, 6 meters and 8 meters away from the ground surface and 2 meters away from the hole bottom on the settlement pipe, and the deep layered settlement gauge is limited by a pipe hoop; drilling monitoring holes by using a geological drilling machine, wherein the drilling depth is 17-22 m, the hole diameter of each drilling hole is 110mm, the deviation rate of each drilling hole is not more than 1%, after the monitoring holes are formed, burying a deep layered settlement monitoring pipe and a monitoring material level meter into each monitoring hole, and backfilling the pipe wall and the soil body by using original soil;
and (3) constructing and installing a water level gauge:
the water level gauge is used for monitoring the change of the ground water level of the site at the side slope of the track subgrade; drilling a water level hole by using a geological drilling machine, arranging a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) flower pipe below the water level hole after the water level hole is drilled to a designed depth, externally coating water seepage geotextile, and backfilling sand between the pipe and the hole wall; then placing a water level meter, wherein the distance between the water level meter and the bottom of the hole is not less than 1 meter;
the automatic monitoring system consists of a measuring system, a data transmission and acquisition system and an online monitoring system;
the measuring system mainly comprises a material level meter, an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter, a steel bar meter, a pore water pressure meter, a water level meter, a soil pressure meter, an omnidirectional displacement meter and a signal transmission bus; the material level meter has the function of automatically measuring the elevation of the vertical displacement of the structure; the omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter has the function of automatically measuring the horizontal displacement of the pile body or the soil body; the reinforcement meter has the function of automatically measuring the stress strain of the reinforcement in the pile body; the soil pressure gauge has the function of automatically measuring the soil pressure in the soil body, the pore water pressure gauge has the function of automatically measuring the pore water pressure in the soil body, the water level gauge has the function of automatically measuring the underground water level, the horizontal displacement gauge has the function of measuring the pile top or the ground surface settlement and the horizontal displacement deformation, and the signal transmission bus is used for transmitting the pressure and the signals;
the data transmission and acquisition system comprises an industrial control equipment box, a data acquisition module, power management equipment, a power transmission line and a signal transmission line, wherein the equipment box bears and protects the data acquisition equipment, the wireless transmission equipment and the power supply equipment; the data acquisition module can control the work of the automatic monitoring component in real time and collect and measure data and the external power supply of the power management equipment provides power for the acquisition module and the instrument; the power transmission line provides power for the measurement system and the data transmission and acquisition system; the signal transmission line comprises a signal line connected with the acquisition module and the instrument and a transmitting antenna of the wireless transmission module;
the online monitoring system comprises communication management system software, data processing and analyzing system software, data publishing system software, data early warning system software and a cloud server; the communication management system manages the communication between the data transmission and acquisition system and the background server; the data processing and analyzing system carries out data analysis, screening, calculation, analysis and other work, the data issuing system software issues the monitoring data result to various platforms for display, the data early warning system software provides early warning in the modes of display, sound, short message, E-mail and the like according to early warning rules, and the cloud server software runs a platform and manages a cloud server of a database;
the system comprises a material level meter, an inclination measuring meter, an omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter, a double-shaft inclinometer, a horizontal displacement meter, a steel bar meter, a pore water pressure meter, a water level meter, a soil pressure meter and an omnidirectional displacement meter, wherein the material level meter, the inclination measuring meter, the omnidirectional horizontal displacement meter, the double-shaft inclinometer, the horizontal displacement meter, the steel bar meter, the pore water pressure meter, the water level meter, the soil pressure meter and the omnidirectional displacement meter transmit collected data to a data acquisition module in an industrial control equipment box; calculating the original data; transmitting parameters to the data early warning system to complete data exchange and message transmission functions with the early warning system; the data early warning system generates related events according to a preset early warning rule, such as automatic monitoring of component abnormity, settlement deformation out-of-limit, horizontal displacement deformation out-of-limit, operation items and the like; carrying out alarm processing such as sound, character and flashing on related events; the data issuing system issues the monitoring data to the workstation and the Web site; software in the workstation or Web site displays the monitored data to the operator in real time in numeric, textual, time-course curve formats, etc.
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