CN106894821A - It is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction - Google Patents
It is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 241
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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Abstract
The invention discloses it is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, including：(1) preparation of construction is carried out at the scene；(2) choose monitoring point and monitoring instrument is set on the monitoring section of monitoring point；(3) monitoring frequency is formulated, information gathering is carried out；(4) information data of collection is recorded, analyzed and is processed, obtain monitoring form；(5) monitoring Warning Index value is formulated；(6) reasonability and science of construction technology are assessed with monitoring Warning Index value according to monitoring form.Of the invention to organically combine monitoring project on the basis of routine monitoring project, the data phase mutual energy of test is checked；Continuously monitored in construction work, it is ensured that the continuity of data；Layout of the monitoring points is reduced using system behavio(u)r, it is cost-effective；With reference to the actual installation position for determining method of testing, the species of monitoring element, adjustment monitoring point of construction, the influence to construction quality is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to civil engineering monitoring method, it is specially a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction.
Background technology
With the development of Chinese national economy, to infrastructure, especially to the demand of means of transportation being continuously increased, and
The land communications such as railway, highway are even more and stand in the breach；Meanwhile, the high-grade main line of communication has also obtained unprecedented development,
Such as：At a high speed, heavy haul railway and highway are respectively the Main ways of the land communications such as railway, highway development, and city ground
Iron, vcehicular tunnel build and be relax urban transportation important means.The perfect and capacity expansion revamping of means of transportation, vehicle speed-raising
And the development of highway network inevitably results in the neighboring tunneling engineerings such as the newly built tunnels of neighbouring existing buildings and emerges in multitude,
This certainly will produce influence to the safety of neighbouring existing structure thing.It is existing neighbouring that Current City Road constructing tunnel runs into passing through
Works has superstructure, underground utilities and some special structures such as civil air defense constructions and installations, subway station etc., and these works pair
Excavation is more sensitive, and crossing construction influence is big, is easily disturbed.If not taking special countermeasure, the construction of newly built tunnels will
Have a negative impact to existing structure thing, such as works bearing capacity declines, even destroys；Deformation is excessive so that invading net
It is empty；Differential settlement causes periphery buildings or structures damaged or can not normally use.
Adjacent to existing buildings and the rock tunnel on the mountain ridge is passed through for periphery, its neighboring tunneling is except will consider to excavate influence
Outward, vibration effect during blast working is also taken into account, domestic and international such proximity engineering largely occurs.Due to construction complexity
Be short in understanding and pay attention to not enough, such issues that the engineering accident that causes also happen occasionally, such as certain single-track railway increases when building two wires, newly
Built tunnel adjoins existing tunnel construction, because explosion dosage is too big, causes the existing tunnel structure for having deteriorated originally to aggravate
Deterioration；Certain vcehicular tunnel due to pretesting not enough, is designed without taking some countermeasures by goaf, causes lining cutting after construction
Cracking etc..Therefore, carrying out construction monitoring as the essential important process of safe construction adjacent to existing buildings to periphery.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to provide a kind of science, the originating of system, received well and the monitoring method of jacking construction,
Realize that monitoring is to existing building and the circumferentially influence of quality shape, and profit when starting well, received well and push pipe are in construction
Security evaluation analysis is carried out with Monitoring Data, unit in charge of construction adjusts arrangement and method for construction and progress according to assessment result in time, it is ensured that apply
Work is smoothed out and safety assurance.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：It is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, using prison
The disturbance situation that survey technology is to originating, produce during received well and jacking construction is monitored, and comprises the following steps：
(1) preparation of construction, including engineering geology and hydrogeological exploration are carried out at the scene；
(2) choose monitoring point and monitoring instrument is set on the monitoring section of monitoring point, monitoring point includes：Benchmark,
Settlement monitoring point, horizontal displacement monitoring point, axle power monitoring point, water table measure point and convergence monitoring point in push pipe；
(3) monitoring frequency is formulated, the time according to monitoring frequency carries out information gathering to each monitoring point；
(4) information data of collection is recorded, analyzed and is processed, obtain monitoring form；
(5) monitoring Warning Index value is formulated, data and the value contrast of monitoring Warning Index of form will be monitored；
(6) standard of monitoring Warning Index value is reached, then continues to construct；If being not reaching to monitor the mark of Warning Index value
Standard, then assess the reasonability and science of construction technology, adjusts arrangement and method for construction.
Site operation preparation is carried out first, is disclosed according to prospecting and in-situ test and laboratory test achievement, according to physical force
Property index and origin cause of formation epoch are learned, and combines advanced exploration data, foundation soil is divided into some engineering geology layers, some engineering geology
Subgrade, and hydrogeologic condition is reconnoitred, the geological condition according to prospecting formulates corresponding monitoring scheme and monitoring point
Selection, select the corresponding detecting instrument to carry out periodic monitoring according to the monitoring frequency formulated to detection site, and will monitor
Information is processed with computer, with it is default monitoring Warning Index value contrasted, thus come judge construct periphery monitoring point
Situation whether meet continue construct requirement, continue if requirement is reached construction, if be not reaching to require if assess construction work
The reasonability and science of skill, adjust arrangement and method for construction, on the premise of improveing arrangement and method for construction and ensuring not influence engineering safety, then
Proceed construction.
Measuring point is laid at the scene according to monitoring scheme, is arranged with the requirement in monitoring scheme in principle.Reality is according to scene
Situation can set measuring point design point position is close to, but be principle, the quantity of the type of monitoring point can reach monitoring purpose
The combined factors such as incorporation engineering feature, construction characteristic, monitoring expense consider that the point layout set for checking design data is setting
Meter most unfavorable combination and section；At first construction part of the point layout set for guiding construction under identical operating mode, its purpose
It is that, for timely feedback information, to change design and guidance construction, the position of earth's surface deformation measuring point should consider to reflect object
Deformation behaviour, is easy to be observed using instrument again, to be also conducive to the protection of measuring point, and measuring point is once broken in work progress
It is bad, measuring point in situ or close proximity to origin-location benefit is set as early as possible, to ensure that the measuring point observes the continuity of data.
Work benchmark is embedded to use the common level mark of concrete, markstone to be embedded in 1.5~2.0 meters of left sides below earth's surface
Right depth, lays 2-3 working base point, and base position is in order to observed object and in stabilization or relative settling position
Preferably, 3 times of foundation ditch depths be should be greater than away from tunnel axis distance；Or squeezed at the structures such as bridge pier base of the periphery selection in stabilization
Reinforcing bar or bolt.
Further, the settlement monitoring point chosen in the step (2) includes：Surface subsidence monitoring point, push pipe inner top
And bottom settlement monitoring point, periphery pipeline settlement monitoring point, Building's Subsidence Survey point.
Further, the horizontal displacement monitoring point in the step (2) includes：Building enclosure horizontal deflection on the top of wall is monitored
Point, building enclosure deeply mixing cement-soil pile monitoring point, horizontal displacement monitoring point in push pipe.
Further, the axle power monitoring point in the step (2) includes：Bracing members axle power monitoring point, concrete axial force of the supports prison
Measuring point.
Further, the detecting instrument in the step (2) includes：
Total powerstation, inclinometer：For the monitoring of horizontal displacement；
Water-level gauge, water level test tube：For the monitoring of level of ground water；
Axle power meter, Reinforcement Stress-count：For the monitoring of axle power；
Electronic level, indium steel ruler：Monitoring for settling situation；
Electronics convergence gauge：For convergent monitoring in push pipe.
Further, it is the step of water table measure information gathering in the step (3)：
(3.1) measuring point is buried
A, pore-forming：Water-level observation hole is crept into using clear water, and drilling stops boring after reaching projected depth, in time that drilling cleaning is dry
Only, the unobstructed situation of drilling is checked, and carries out cleaning record.
B, well casing processing：The raw material of well casing are the pvc pipe that internal diameter Φ 70, pipe thickness is 2.5；To ensure pvc pipe
Water penetration, processes the through hole of cellular Φ 8 in the range of 0~4m of pvc pipe lower end, and the ring spacing in hole is 12mm, axial spacing
It is 12mm, and bag geotextiles filter screen.
C, well casing are placed：After pore-forming, PVC well casings are hung, it is ensured that have filter opening end downward；Water-level observation hole should be above ground level
0.5m, sets fixed measuring point mark, and protected with protective case in aperture；
D, backfill gravel material：After observation of groundwater levels hole well casing hangs in hole, particle diameter should be filled out in the periphery of well casing immediately little
In the meter Shi of 5mm；
E, well-flushing：After down tube, backfill gravel material terminate, well-flushing should be carried out using clear water in time, and carry out well-flushing record.
(3.2) monitoring method
Observation of groundwater levels equipment uses electric tape ga instrument, and accuracy of observation is 0.5cm, when gauge head touches underground water,
Alarm sends alarm signal, now reads the scale label being connected with gauge head, and this reading is water level vertical with fixed measure
Distance, then absolute altitude by fixed measuring point and it is converted into the depth to water and water level stake counted from ground with the relative position on ground
It is high.
(3.3) data analysis and treatment.
Further, data handling utility computer carries out numbered analog simulation analysis in the step (4).Informationization is applied
Work requirement evaluates construction method with monitoring result, determines project slash.Therefore, the monitoring result to each measuring point will basis
The safe condition of the comprehensive descision structure such as management standard and rate of displacement (mm/d) and building.To ensure the matter of monitoring result
Amount, strengthen feedback of the information speed, whole Monitoring Datas and chart by computer management, and to resident supervising engineer, design
Unit and monitoring center submit monitoring weekly or monthly magazine to.The content for monitoring form includes：
1) when daily sheet is usually as construction adjustment and the foundation for arranging, content is including title, the data of test, inscription etc.
Part constitutes.Wherein title should indicate Contents for Monitoring, monitoring date, report number.Test data includes measuring point numbering, initial
Value, this test value, compared with last time test increment size and accumulative variable quantity.Inscription should indicate monitoring unit, tester, fill in a form people
Member etc..
2) weekly return mainly in combination with engineering regular meeting, interim trifle content ibid.
3) moon sheet is mainly included into engineering monitoring final report.
The object of monitoring measurement report submitting is limited in time：
1) (every afternoon 17 in 12 hours after daily sheet is measured on the day of:00 point by electronic document transmission Party A) send and apply
Work floor manager portion.
2) weekly return is delivered newspaper floor manager portion and on-site supervision engineer in last day at weekend.
3) moon sheet reported and submitted supervising engineer before the end of month 30.
Further, the content of monitoring form includes in the step (4)：Sedimentation deformation versus time curve, water
Prosposition moves versus time curve, axle power versus time curve figure, water level versus time curve and convergency value
Versus time curve.
Further, the monitoring Warning Index value in the step (5) is to ensure monitoring object before monitoring is implemented
Safety and each monitoring index that sets estimates maximum.In monitoring process,
When measured value ＜ 0.85* estimate maximum, safety；
When measured value=(0.85~1.0) * estimates maximum, note；
It is dangerous when measured value ＞ 1.0* estimate maximum；
(0.85* design loads be critical value) monitoring department should in form highlight indication, alarmed.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that and has the beneficial effect that：
(1) it is of the invention on the basis of routine monitoring project, convergence, top in emphasis monitoring axle power, level of ground water, push pipe
The monitoring information of pipe inner top and bottom settlement monitoring point, and monitoring project is organically combined, form effective space-time, test
Data phase mutual energy checked；
(2) present invention is continuously monitored in construction work, it is ensured that the continuity of data；Reduced using system behavio(u)r and supervised
Measuring point is laid, cost-effective；
(3) present invention combines the actual determination method of testing of construction, the species of monitoring element, the safeguard measure of monitoring point, adjusts
The installation position of whole monitoring point, reduces the influence to construction quality as far as possible；
(4) quantity of monitoring point of the present invention, on the premise of comprehensive, safety is ensured, rationally contacts using between monitoring point,
Measuring point quantity is reduced, operating efficiency, reduces cost is improved；
(5) determination of present invention monitoring warning value has engineering construction feasibility, on the premise of safety is met, it is contemplated that
Improve construction efficiency and reduce operating expenses.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is construction flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention not limited to this,
Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means, various replacing is made
Change and change, all should be included within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment：
The present embodiment is to simplify working procedure, accelerating construction progress, it is ensured that architecture quality, saves engineering cost, if
Count out be adapted to originate, received well and jacking construction, Optimizing construction flow, improve operating efficiency, reduce material consumption, it is to avoid
Energy waste, comply with standardized construction requirement it is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, whole step
As shown in Figure 1：
The disturbance situation produced using monitoring technology to originating, during received well and jacking construction is monitored, including
Following steps：
(1) preparation of construction, including engineering geology and hydrogeological exploration are carried out at the scene；
(2) choose monitoring point and monitoring instrument is set on the monitoring section of monitoring point, monitoring point includes：Benchmark,
Settlement monitoring point, horizontal displacement monitoring point, axle power monitoring point, water table measure point and convergence monitoring point in push pipe；
(3) monitoring frequency is formulated, the time according to monitoring frequency carries out information gathering to each monitoring point；
(4) information data of collection is recorded, analyzed and is processed, obtain monitoring form；
(5) monitoring Warning Index value is formulated, data and the value contrast of monitoring Warning Index of form will be monitored；
(6) standard of monitoring Warning Index value is reached, then continues to construct；If being not reaching to monitor the mark of Warning Index value
Standard, then assess the reasonability and science of construction technology, adjusts arrangement and method for construction.
Site operation preparation is carried out first, is disclosed according to prospecting and in-situ test and laboratory test achievement, according to physical force
Property index and origin cause of formation epoch are learned, and combines advanced exploration data, foundation soil is divided into some engineering geology layers, some engineering geology
Subgrade, and hydrogeologic condition is reconnoitred, the geological condition according to prospecting formulates corresponding monitoring scheme and monitoring point
Selection, select the corresponding detecting instrument to carry out periodic monitoring according to the monitoring frequency formulated to detection site, and will monitor
Information is processed with computer, with it is default monitoring Warning Index value contrasted, thus come judge construct periphery monitoring point
Situation whether meet continue construct requirement, continue if requirement is reached construction, if be not reaching to require if assess construction work
The reasonability and science of skill, adjust arrangement and method for construction, on the premise of improveing arrangement and method for construction and ensuring not influence engineering safety, then
Proceed construction.
Measuring point is laid at the scene according to monitoring scheme, is arranged with the requirement in monitoring scheme in principle.Reality is according to scene
Situation can set measuring point design point position is close to, but be principle, the quantity of the type of monitoring point can reach monitoring purpose
The combined factors such as incorporation engineering feature, construction characteristic, monitoring expense consider that the point layout set for checking design data is setting
Meter most unfavorable combination and section；At first construction part of the point layout set for guiding construction under identical operating mode, its purpose
It is that, for timely feedback information, to change design and guidance construction, the position of earth's surface deformation measuring point should consider to reflect object
Deformation behaviour, is easy to be observed using instrument again, to be also conducive to the protection of measuring point, and measuring point is once broken in work progress
It is bad, measuring point in situ or close proximity to origin-location benefit is set as early as possible, to ensure that the measuring point observes the continuity of data.
Work benchmark is embedded to use the common level mark of concrete, markstone to be embedded in 1.5~2.0 meters of left sides below earth's surface
Right depth, lays 2-3 working base point, and base position is in order to observed object and in stabilization or relative settling position
Preferably, 3 times of foundation ditch depths be should be greater than away from tunnel axis distance；Or squeezed at the structures such as bridge pier base of the periphery selection in stabilization
Reinforcing bar or bolt.
Settlement monitoring point includes：Surface subsidence monitoring point, push pipe inner top and bottom settlement monitoring point, periphery pipe settlement
Monitoring point, Building's Subsidence Survey point.
Push pipe inner top and the monitoring method and basic point repetition measurement method of bottom sedimentation are：First, settlement monitoring is using accurate
Leveling measuring method, Monitoring Datum Network is carried out by the technical requirements of II grade vertical displacement monitoring control network, and cloth be set as it is attached
Close or closed leveling line.Consolidating settlement monitoring point is carried out by II grade vertical displacement monitoring net technical requirements, and cloth is set as conforming to
Or closed leveling line.Control net measurement the key technical indexes is as shown in table 1 below, table 2, table 3.
The main technical requirements of the settlement monitoring of table 1 control net
Note：N is survey station number.
The main technical requirements of the settlement monitoring of table 2
Note：N is survey station number.
The level monitoring main technical requirements of table 3
Then, datum mark as settlement monitoring initial foundation, its stability is particularly significant.Datum mark will aspire for stability can
Lean on, away from 3 times of deformed area distance, datum mark should be all laid in pipe jacking tunnel.
Finally, in the range of tunnel ceiling regions, tunnel vault sedimentation one monitoring section of every 8 meters of layings, measuring point is uniform
Tunnel top and bottom position are located at, monitoring instrument is observed tunnel bottoms sedimentation prison using precise electronic spirit level
Measuring point selects segment bolt or self-control settlement monitoring original paper as monitoring point.
Horizontal displacement monitoring point includes：Building enclosure horizontal deflection on the top of wall monitoring point, building enclosure deeply mixing cement-soil pile prison
Horizontal displacement monitoring point in measuring point, push pipe.
Horizontal displacement monitoring control net uses II grade traverse survey method, and horizontal displacement monitoring point uses minor angle method.Water
Flat monitoring point for displacement mean square error of coordinate is ± 3.0mm.
The main technical requirements of center line horizontal displacement monitoring control net in the push pipe of table 4
Push pipe inner tunnel horizontal displacement basic point and settlement monitoring datum mark common point, altogether 2-3 datum mark, tunnel Nei Shui
It is 8 meters of layings, one monitoring section (12 sections of meter) that prosposition moves layout of the monitoring points spacing, and 12 are amounted to per one measuring point of section
Measuring point, is observed using 1 second total powerstation of high accuracy.
The monitoring of building enclosure deeply mixing cement-soil pile uses the type inclinometers of RST 0610 and supporting PVC inclinometer pipes, monitoring essence
Degree can reach 0.01mm/0.5m.
First, horizontal displacement situation of the building enclosure at different depth in excavation of foundation pit and structure construction is understood.In base
In the digging process of hole, as the foundation ditch inside soil body is largely removed, in the presence of outer lateral earth pressure, the level of being similar to can be produced to answer
Power, building enclosure will necessarily produce displacement.Therefore, being necessary in Excavation Process to fender post/wall along depth direction
Horizontal displacement be monitored measurement, and feed back in time, to take specific aim measure, it is ensured that foundation ditch, surrounding buildings or structures with
And the safety of underground utilities etc..
Monitoring is implemented：
1) measuring point is buried
Building enclosure inclinometer pipe is embedded should to observe following principle with installation：
A, tested in the inclinometer pipe being embedded in building enclosure using inclinometer.Measuring point be preferably selected in deformation it is big (or
It is dangerous) exemplary position.
B, ttom of pipe preferably maintain an equal level or slightly below steel reinforcement cage bottom with steel reinforcement cage bottom, and top reaches ground.
The steel reinforcement cage colligation of c, inclinometer pipe and supporting construction is buried, and colligation spacing is not preferably greater than 1.5m.Inclinometer pipe and reinforcing bar
The fixation of cage must be sufficiently stable, in case during casting concrete, inclinometer pipe mutually comes off with steel reinforcement cage.Must be noted that inclinometer pipe simultaneously
It is longitudinally twisted, the windup-degree of very little may be such that clinometer probe is blocked by guide groove.
Should be docked between d, the upper down tube of inclinometer pipe well, seamless, joint self-tapping screw is fixedly secured, uses joint sealing glue
Sealing.
E, pipe should align direction when removing bundle, make to survey groove perpendicular to measuring surface a pair in pipe (i.e. parallel to direction of displacement).
F, bottom and top are sealed, keep the clean, unobstructed and straight of inclinometer pipe.
G, carry out clearly sign and reliable safeguard measure.
2) monitoring method
Deviational survey observation point is positive to survey and anti-survey, is first just surveyed during observation and (one is labeled with the wheel frame of each inclinometer
Positive direction), then it is counter surveyed, usually per 0.5m, 1.0m reading once, inclino-probe is put into inclinometer pipe bottom and should wait 5 minutes,
Water temperature in pipe is adapted to pop one's head in, the sealing of instrument probe and cable is should be noted that during observation, in case probe data transport part
Divide water inlet.
Per 0.5m, 1.0m, mark must be stuck in same position when deviational survey is observed, and each reading must wait magnitude of voltage
Stabilization ability reading, it is ensured that reading accuracy.
1., when deviational survey bottom of the tube is higher than excavation of foundation pit designed elevation position, and wall (stake) body produces displacement, can be pushed up using hole
Method is pushed up toward bottom hole amendment using wall (stake) body horizontal displacement as reference value from hole.
2., when tested wall (stake) body is deformed, inclinometer pipe axis produces amount of deflection, and inclinometer pipe axis is determined with inclinometer
Each section of inclination angle, just can calculate the horizontal displacement of the soil body (pile body, wall).If datum mark is O points, coordinate is (X0, Y0), in
It is that the plane coordinates of each measuring point of inclinometer pipe axis is determined by following two formula：
I-measuring point sequence number, i=1,2 ... j in formula；L-inclinometer gauge length or measuring point spacing (m)；
F-inclinometer calibration constant；
ΔεxiI-th section of-X-direction is positive and negative to survey reading strain difference half；
ΔεyiI-th section of-Y-direction is positive and negative to survey reading strain difference half；
To eliminate the error that measuring equipment zero shift causes, the inclination angle of each survey section both direction should all carry out positive and negative two
Secondary measurement, i.e.,As Δ εxiOr Δ εyiDuring ＞ 0, represent to X-axis or Y-axis
Forward direction is inclined, as Δ εxiOr Δ εyiDuring ＜ 0, represent negatively inclined to X-axis or Y-axis, it is each to calculate inclinometer pipe axis by above formula
Measuring point horizontal level, it is relatively more different to survey time each measuring point horizontal coordinate, just may know that the horizontal displacement of pile body.
3) data process＆analysis
Displacement-duration curve, hole depth should be drawn after measuring every time -- displacement curve.When horizontal displacement-pattern is undue suddenly
Increase is a kind of alarm signal, after receiving alarm signal, immediately various measurement informations should be carried out with comprehensive analysis, in judging to construct
Any problem is occurred in that, and takes the countermeasure for ensureing construction safety in time.
4) safeguard measure
It is the steel pipe socket of 80mm 1.5m long on the top of inclinometer pipe by Φ, to dig in the future first when inclinometer pipe is embedded
Protection of wall when making Guan Liang to inclinometer pipe, the mouth of pipe with brick into inspection shaft, above plus iron covering protects top of inclinometer pipe not to be destroyed.Survey
Inclined tube mouth of pipe vinyl cover is sealed in case debris enter.(push up bottom up and down) between the upper down tube of inclinometer pipe carries out one with glass glue
It is secondary to be sealed, then be protected by with the wrapping of two layers of plastic woven bag.Carry out clearly protection sign in pipe top.
Axle power monitoring point includes：Bracing members axle power monitoring point, concrete axial force of the supports monitoring point.
Detecting instrument includes：Total powerstation, inclinometer：For the monitoring of horizontal displacement；Water-level gauge, water level test tube：For ground
The monitoring of lower water level；Axle power meter, Reinforcement Stress-count：For the monitoring of axle power；Electronic level, indium steel ruler：For settling situation
Monitoring；Electronics convergence gauge：For convergent monitoring in push pipe.Specifically used instrument is shown in Table 5,
The specifically used instrument of table 5
The step of water table measure information gathering is：
(3.1) measuring point is buried
A, pore-forming：Water-level observation hole is crept into using clear water, and drilling stops boring after reaching projected depth, in time that drilling cleaning is dry
Only, the unobstructed situation of drilling is checked, and carries out cleaning record.
B, well casing processing：The raw material of well casing are the pvc pipe that internal diameter Φ 70, pipe thickness is 2.5；To ensure pvc pipe
Water penetration, processes the through hole of cellular Φ 8 in the range of 0~4m of pvc pipe lower end, and the ring spacing in hole is 12mm, axial spacing
It is 12mm, and bag geotextiles filter screen.
C, well casing are placed：After pore-forming, PVC well casings are hung, it is ensured that have filter opening end downward；Water-level observation hole should be above ground level
0.5m, sets fixed measuring point mark, and protected with protective case in aperture；
D, backfill gravel material：After observation of groundwater levels hole well casing hangs in hole, particle diameter should be filled out in the periphery of well casing immediately little
In the meter Shi of 5mm；
E, well-flushing：After down tube, backfill gravel material terminate, well-flushing should be carried out using clear water in time, and carry out well-flushing record.
(3.2) monitoring method
Observation of groundwater levels equipment uses electric tape ga instrument, and accuracy of observation is 0.5cm, when gauge head touches underground water,
Alarm sends alarm signal, now reads the scale label being connected with gauge head, and this reading is water level vertical with fixed measure
Distance, then absolute altitude by fixed measuring point and it is converted into the depth to water and water level stake counted from ground with the relative position on ground
It is high.
(3.3) data analysis and treatment.
Further, data handling utility computer carries out numbered analog simulation analysis in the step (4).
Further, the content of monitoring form includes in the step (4)：Sedimentation deformation versus time curve, water
Prosposition moves versus time curve, axle power versus time curve figure, water level versus time curve and convergency value
Versus time curve.
Monitoring Warning Index value is each monitoring index set to ensure monitoring object safety before monitoring is implemented
Estimate maximum.In monitoring process,
When measured value ＜ 0.85* estimate maximum, safety；
When measured value=(0.85~1.0) * estimates maximum, note；
It is dangerous when measured value ＞ 1.0* estimate maximum；
Wherein, (0.85* design loads be critical value) monitoring department should in form highlight indication, alarmed.
Monitoring and Controlling value and third party monitoring data and construction monitoring number that monitoring and warning rank is proposed according to designing unit
According to compared to after relatively, the alert status of monitoring point in work progress are divided into level Four by the order of severity is ascending, normal (green,
Level Four), yellow monitoring and warning (three-level), orange monitoring and warning (two grades) and red monitoring and warning (one-level), as shown in table 6.
The Classification Index table of the monitoring and warning rank of table 6
Wherein, the monitoring works warning value of starting well, received well and push pipe is as shown in table 7, table 8, table 9,
The starting well monitoring works warning value of table 7
The received well monitoring works warning value of table 8
The push pipe monitoring works warning value of table 9
| Sequence number | Project | Alarming value | Day alarming value |
| 1 | Push pipe ground settlement | 15mm | ±3mm |
| 2 | Vault settlement is measured in push pipe | 15mm | ±2-3mm |
| 3 | Arch bottom settlement measurement in push pipe | 15mm | ±2-3mm |
| 4 | Horizontal displacement is measured | 10mm | ±2mm |
| 5 | Horizontal convergence is measured | 10mm | ±1mm |
What the present invention was used originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, designed compared with routine monitoring method
Monitoring project organically combine, and form effective space-time, the data phase mutual energy of test is checked；With, play system
Effect carries out comprehensive, stereoscopic monitoring to foundation ditch, it is ensured that survey the accurate, timely of data；Continuously supervised in construction work
Survey, it is ensured that the continuity of data, and layout of the monitoring points is reduced using system behavio(u)r, it is cost-effective；Constructed using with design structure
It is combined principle；Key parameter to being used in structure design is monitored, and reaches the purpose of further optimization design；Crucial portion
Position is preferential, take into account comprehensive principle；Measuring point number and project are encrypted to region quite sensitive in fender body, supporting construction, is carried out
Emphasis is monitored；It is uniform on the basis of systematic to lay monitoring point in addition to key position preferentially lays measuring point.Ensure comprehensively,
On the premise of safety, rationally contacted using between monitoring point, improve operating efficiency, reduces cost.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does any formal limitation to the present invention, it is every according to
Any simple modification, the equivalent variations made to above example according to technical spirit of the invention, each fall within protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, using monitoring technology to originating, received well and jacking construction
During produce disturbance situation be monitored, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
(1) preparation of construction, including engineering geology and hydrogeological exploration are carried out at the scene；
(2) choose monitoring point and monitoring instrument is set on the monitoring section of monitoring point, monitoring point includes：Benchmark, sedimentation
Monitoring point, horizontal displacement monitoring point, axle power monitoring point, water table measure point and convergence monitoring point in push pipe；
(3) monitoring frequency is formulated, the time according to monitoring frequency carries out information gathering to each monitoring point；
(4) information data of collection is recorded, analyzed and is processed, obtain monitoring form；
(5) monitoring Warning Index value is formulated, data and the value contrast of monitoring Warning Index of form will be monitored；
(6) standard of monitoring Warning Index value is reached, then continues to construct；If being not reaching to monitor the standard of Warning Index value,
The reasonability and science of construction technology are assessed, arrangement and method for construction is adjusted.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, it is characterised in that：It is described
The settlement monitoring point chosen in step (2) includes：Surface subsidence monitoring point, push pipe inner top and bottom settlement monitoring point, periphery
Pipe settlement monitoring point, Building's Subsidence Survey point.
3. it is according to claim 2 it is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, it is characterised in that：It is described
Horizontal displacement monitoring point in step (2) includes：Building enclosure horizontal deflection on the top of wall monitoring point, building enclosure deeply mixing cement-soil pile
Horizontal displacement monitoring point in monitoring point, push pipe.
4. it is according to claim 2 it is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, it is characterised in that：It is described
Axle power monitoring point in step (2) includes：Bracing members axle power monitoring point, concrete axial force of the supports monitoring point.
5. a kind of according to claim any one of 1-4 originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, its feature exists
In：Detecting instrument in the step (2) includes：
Total powerstation, inclinometer：For the monitoring of horizontal displacement；
Water-level gauge, water level test tube：For the monitoring of level of ground water；
Axle power meter, Reinforcement Stress-count：For the monitoring of axle power；
Electronic level, indium steel ruler：Monitoring for settling situation；
Electronics convergence gauge：For convergent monitoring in push pipe.
6. it is according to claim 1 and 2 it is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, it is characterised in that：Institute
The step of stating water table measure information gathering in step (3) be：
(3.1) measuring point is buried
A, pore-forming：Water-level observation hole is crept into using clear water, and drilling stops boring after reaching projected depth, in time cleans up drilling,
The unobstructed situation of drilling is checked, and carries out cleaning record；
B, well casing processing：The raw material of well casing are the pvc pipe that internal diameter Φ 70, pipe thickness is 2.5；To ensure the permeable of pvc pipe
Property, the through hole of cellular Φ 8 is processed in the range of 0~4m of pvc pipe lower end, the ring spacing in hole is 12mm, and axial spacing is
12mm, and bag geotextiles filter screen；
C, well casing are placed：After pore-forming, PVC well casings are hung, it is ensured that have filter opening end downward；0.5m above ground level is answered in water-level observation hole,
Fixed measuring point mark is set in aperture, and is protected with protective case；
D, backfill gravel material：After observation of groundwater levels hole well casing hangs in hole, particle diameter no more than 5mm should be filled out in the periphery of well casing immediately
Meter Shi；
E, well-flushing：After down tube, backfill gravel material terminate, well-flushing should be carried out using clear water in time, and carry out well-flushing record.
(3.2) level of ground water is observed
Observation of groundwater levels equipment uses electric tape ga instrument, and accuracy of observation is 0.5cm, when gauge head touches underground water, alarm
Device sends alarm signal, now reads the scale label being connected with gauge head, and this reading is the vertical range of water level and fixed measure,
Again the depth to water and water level elevation counted from ground are converted into by the absolute altitude of fixed measuring point and with the relative position on ground.
(3.3) data for obtaining will be observed to be analyzed and treatment.
7. it is according to claim 1 and 2 it is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, it is characterised in that：Institute
Data handling utility computer carries out numbered analog simulation analysis in stating step (4).
8. it is according to claim 1 and 2 it is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, it is characterised in that：Institute
The content for stating monitoring form in step (4) includes：Sedimentation deformation versus time curve, horizontal displacement change with time song
Line, axle power versus time curve figure, water level versus time curve and convergency value versus time curve.
9. it is according to claim 1 and 2 it is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is that each monitoring set to ensure monitoring object safety before monitoring is implemented refers to state the monitoring Warning Index value in step (5)
Target estimates maximum；In monitoring process,
When measured value ＜ 0.85* estimate maximum, safety；
When measured value=(0.85~1.0) * estimates maximum, note；
It is dangerous when measured value ＞ 1.0* estimate maximum；
Wherein, (0.85* design loads be critical value) monitoring department should in form highlight indication, alarmed.
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| CN111677519A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-18 | 北京建工土木工程有限公司 | Shield starting end reinforcing structure, reinforcing method and shield starting method |
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