CN111100967B - Foaming agent, tundish covering agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Foaming agent, tundish covering agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111100967B CN111100967B CN202010034370.2A CN202010034370A CN111100967B CN 111100967 B CN111100967 B CN 111100967B CN 202010034370 A CN202010034370 A CN 202010034370A CN 111100967 B CN111100967 B CN 111100967B
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- tundish
- covering agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5205—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a plasma heated furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/54—Processes yielding slags of special composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a foaming agent, a tundish covering agent, and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of metal smelting. The foaming agent mainly comprises (a) carbonate minerals and (b) carbon-containing materials, the foaming agent can be added to enable the tundish covering agent to have foaming capacity to form foamed slag, the heat load radiated to the liner in the tundish plasma heating process is greatly reduced, the heat efficiency is increased, and the formed foamed slag can wrap the plasma arc, so that the power consumption and the electrode consumption are reduced, the stability of the plasma arc is improved, the liner is protected, and the service life of the ladle body is prolonged. In addition, the formed foam slag can also reduce the noise generated by plasma arc, reduce the flicker of dust and plasma arc light, reduce the pollution to the environment and improve the operating environment of workers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting, in particular to a foaming agent, a tundish covering agent, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the development of society, the requirement on the cleanliness of steel is higher and higher, and the tundish, which is used as the last container for containing molten steel before the molten steel is solidified, is of great importance to the influence of the molten steel. Particularly, the quality of a casting blank is often influenced by the temperature change of molten steel in the tundish, and the distribution of the isometric crystal proportion of steel is often influenced by overhigh or overlow superheat degree caused by large temperature fluctuation of the molten steel during abnormal pouring.
In recent years, a tundish plasma heating system, which controls the temperature of molten steel around a stable target value by an external heat source, has been receiving increasing attention from steel mills. The plasma heating process adopts three hollow graphite electrodes, and utilizes high-temperature gas which forms plasma under the action of electric arc as a heat source to heat molten steel, but the plasma heating mode can generate bright arc light with a large range in the process of electrode arcing, so that partial heat is dissipated, the plasma heating efficiency is reduced, and certain electric arc noise exists. Therefore, the tundish covering agent used in the conventional process is difficult to adapt to the plasma heating process, and cannot exert the plasma heating function well.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The foaming agent has a good foaming effect, can form foam slag by adding the foaming agent into a tundish covering agent, greatly reduces the heat load radiated to a ladle lining in the process of plasma heating of a tundish, can wrap a plasma arc by the formed foam slag, has a protection effect on the ladle lining, prolongs the service life of the ladle lining, can reduce the power consumption and the electrode consumption, improves the stability of the plasma arc, and reduces the noise generated by the plasma arc.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the foaming agent.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a tundish covering agent containing the above foaming agent, which has a foaming ability and is capable of forming a foamed slag during a tundish plasma heating process, and further capable of being adapted to the tundish plasma heating process to thereby exhibit a better plasma heating effect.
The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the tundish covering agent.
The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the tundish covering agent in the tundish plasma heating process.
The sixth purpose of the invention is to provide a steel material which is mainly prepared by applying the tundish covering agent in the tundish plasma heating process.
The invention provides a foaming agent, which comprises the following components:
(a) a carbonate mineral, and (b) a carbonaceous material.
Further, based on the mass of the foaming agent, the carbonate mineral accounts for 75-90 wt% of the foaming agent;
preferably, the carbonate mineral accounts for 80-88 wt%, preferably 85 wt% of the foaming agent based on the mass of the foaming agent;
preferably, the carbonate minerals include limestone, dolomite and magnesite;
preferably, the mass ratio of limestone, dolomite and magnesite in the carbonate mineral is 45-55: 30-40: 14-25, preferably 50: 36: 14;
preferably, the particle size of the limestone is 200-250 meshes, and preferably 220 mm;
preferably, the granularity of the dolomite is 150-200 meshes, preferably 180 meshes;
preferably, the granularity of the magnesite is 180-220 meshes, and preferably 200 meshes.
Further, based on the mass of the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the carbon-containing material in the foaming agent is 10-25 wt%;
preferably, the mass percent of the carbonaceous material in the foaming agent is 12-20 wt%, preferably 15 wt%;
preferably, the carbonaceous material comprises at least one of coke powder, coal carburant, graphitizing carburant and petroleum asphalt coke carburant, and is preferably coke powder;
preferably, the particle size of the carbonaceous material is 180-220 meshes, and preferably 200 meshes.
The invention provides a preparation method of the foaming agent, which comprises the following steps:
the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the foaming agent.
The invention provides a tundish covering agent containing the foaming agent.
Further, the tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-20% of the foaming agent, CaO and SiO248-67% of the mixture of (1) and Al2O315-25%, MgO 1-5% and Fe2O3 1～7％；
Preferably, the tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8-15% of the foaming agent, CaO and SiO250-65% of the mixture of (1) and Al2O318-23%, MgO 3-5% and Fe2O3 4～7％；
More preferably, the tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 13% of the above foaming agent, CaO and SiO259% of the mixture of (1), Al2O319%, MgO 4% and Fe2O3 5％；
Preferably, the CaO and SiO2CaO and SiO in the mixture2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.5-2.5, preferably 2.1;
preferably, the water content of the tundish covering agent is 0.1-0.5%.
The invention provides a preparation method of the tundish covering agent, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the tundish covering agent.
The invention provides an application of the tundish covering agent in the plasma heating process of a molten steel tundish.
Preferably, the components of the covering agent are popularized to the process of plasma heating of the tundish in industrial application, and the adding amount of the covering agent of the tundish is 8-10 kg per ton of molten steel, preferably 9kg per ton of molten steel.
The steel provided by the invention is prepared by adopting the tundish covering agent in the tundish plasma heating process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the application provides a foaming agent, this foaming agent mainly comprises (a) carbonate mineral and (b) carbonaceous material, the foaming agent has fine foaming effect, adds it in middle cladding covering agent, the carbonate mineral is difficult for absorbing moisture, and the preservation effect is better, and the carbonate mineral only produces carbon dioxide gas when taking place the chemical reaction, and is friendly to the environment, and the wide and low price in carbonate mineral source, CaO that the carbonate mineral decomposes the production can improve the viscosity of sediment. The carbonaceous material being capable of reacting with CO2CO bubbles are generated by the reaction and dispersed in the covering agent to play a role of foaming. Meanwhile, the carbon-containing material can play a role in preventing oxidation and heat generation. Therefore, the tundish covering agent can have foaming capacity by adding the foaming agent to form foamed slag, the heat load radiated to the lining in the plasma heating process of the tundish is greatly reduced, the heat efficiency is increased, meanwhile, the formed foamed slag can wrap the plasma arc, so that the power consumption and the electrode consumption are reduced, the stability of the plasma arc is improved, in addition, the formed foamed slag can also reduce the noise generated by the plasma arc, the flash of dust and the plasma arc is reduced, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the operating environment of workers is improved.
The preparation method of the foaming agent provided by the invention is to uniformly mix all the raw materials to obtain the foaming agent. The preparation method has the advantage of simple preparation process.
The tundish covering agent provided by the invention comprises the foaming agent, has foaming capacity, can form foamed slag in a tundish plasma heating process, can further adapt to the tundish plasma heating process, and can better play a role in plasma heating.
The preparation method of the tundish covering agent provided by the invention comprises the step of uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain the tundish covering agent. The preparation method has the advantage of simple preparation process.
The tundish covering agent provided by the invention can be widely applied to the plasma heating process of the molten steel tundish.
The steel provided by the invention is prepared by adopting the tundish covering agent in the tundish plasma heating process.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a blowing agent comprises the following components:
(a) a carbonate mineral, and (b) a carbonaceous material.
The application provides a foaming agent, this foaming agent mainly comprises (a) carbonate mineral and (b) carbonaceous material, the foaming agent has fine foaming effect, adds it in middle cladding covering agent, the carbonate mineral is difficult for absorbing moisture, and the preservation effect is better, and the carbonate mineral only produces carbon dioxide gas when taking place the chemical reaction, and is friendly to the environment, and the wide and low price in carbonate mineral source, CaO that the carbonate mineral decomposes the production can improve the viscosity of sediment. The carbonaceous material being capable of reacting with CO2CO bubbles are generated by the reaction and dispersed in the covering agent to play a role of foaming. Meanwhile, the carbon-containing material can play a role in preventing oxidation and heat generation. Therefore, the tundish covering agent can have foaming capacity by adding the foaming agent, foam slag is formed, the heat load radiated to the liner in the plasma heating process of the tundish is greatly reduced, the heat efficiency is increased, the formed foam slag can wrap the plasma arc so as to reduce the power consumption and the electrode consumption, and the stability of the plasma arc is improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the carbonate mineral accounts for 75-90 wt% of the foaming agent based on the mass of the foaming agent;
in a preferred embodiment, the carbonate mineral accounts for 85% by mass of the foaming agent, the main component of the foaming agent is the carbonate mineral, and the carbonate mineral is decomposed to generate CO2The gas is reacted with the carbonaceous material to produce CO gas as a source of the foamed slag.
Typical but non-limiting preferred embodiments of the above carbonate minerals in mass percent of the blowing agent are: 75 wt%, 80 wt%, 85 wt%, 88wt% and 90 wt%.
Preferably, the carbonate mineral accounts for 80-88 wt%, preferably 85 wt% of the foaming agent based on the mass of the foaming agent;
in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the carbonate minerals include limestone, dolomite and magnesite;
as a preferred embodiment, the carbonate minerals include limestone, dolomite and magnesite, and the carbonate minerals are decomposed to produce CO2The gas is reacted with the carbonaceous material to produce CO gas as a source of the foamed slag.
In the preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of limestone, dolomite and magnesite in the carbonate mineral is 45-55: 30-40: 14-25, preferably 50: 36: 14;
in the preferred embodiment, the limestone has a particle size of 200 to 250 mesh, preferably 220 mesh;
in the above preferred embodiment, the dolomite has a particle size of 150 to 200 mesh, preferably 180 mesh;
in the preferred embodiment, the magnesite has a particle size of 180 to 220 mesh, preferably 200 mesh.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carbonaceous material accounts for 10 to 25 wt%, preferably 15 wt%, of the blowing agent, based on the mass of the blowing agent.
Typical but non-limiting preferred embodiments of the above-described carbonaceous material in mass percent of the blowing agent are: 10 wt%, 12wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt% and 25 wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carbonaceous material comprises at least one of coke powder, coal carburant, graphitizing carburant, petroleum pitch coke carburant, preferably coke powder;
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the carbonaceous material is 150 to 180 mesh, preferably 170 mesh.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing the above blowing agent comprises the steps of:
the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the foaming agent.
The preparation method of the foaming agent provided by the invention is to uniformly mix all the raw materials to obtain the foaming agent. The preparation method has the advantage of simple preparation process.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a tundish covering agent comprising the above blowing agent.
The tundish covering agent provided by the invention comprises the foaming agent, has foaming capacity, can form foamed slag in a tundish plasma heating process, can further adapt to the tundish plasma heating process, and can better play a role in plasma heating.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-20% of the foaming agent, CaO and SiO248-67% of the mixture of (1) and Al2O315-25%, MgO 1-5% and Fe2O3 1～7％；
Al as a preferred embodiment of the covering agent2O3CaO/SiO with a fixed content2When the ratio is increased, the alkalinity of the covering agent is increased, and Al is absorbed2O3The ability to form inclusions is also enhanced, Al2O3Too high a content easily causes a reduction in the basicity of the covering agent; the melting temperature of the covering agent is within a certain range and is contained with MgOThe amount is increased, the alkalinity of the covering agent can be increased by MgO, and the corrosion of the covering agent to the lining of the magnesium tundish at the steelmaking temperature can be reduced by MgO, so that the service life of the tundish is prolonged.
CaO and SiO as described above2Typical but non-limiting preferred embodiments of the mixture of (a) are: 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%/, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, and 67%; al mentioned above2O3Typical but non-limiting preferred embodiments are: 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24% and 25%; typical but non-limiting preferred embodiments of the above-mentioned MgO are: 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%; fe as described above2O3Typical but non-limiting preferred embodiments are: 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 7%.
Preferably, the tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8-15% of the foaming agent, CaO and SiO250-65% of the mixture of (1) and Al2O318-23%, MgO 3-5% and Fe2O3 4～7％；
More preferably, the tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 13% of the above foaming agent, CaO and SiO259% of the mixture of (1), Al2O319%, MgO 4% and Fe2O35％。
According to the invention, the technical effect of the tundish covering agent is further optimized by further adjusting and optimizing the dosage proportion of each component raw material.
In the above preferred embodiment, the CaO and SiO2CaO and SiO in the mixture2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.5 to 2.5, preferably 2.1.
In the preferred embodiment, the water content of the tundish covering agent is 0.1 to 0.5%.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a preparation method of the tundish covering agent described above comprises the steps of:
and (3) uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the tundish covering agent.
The preparation method of the tundish covering agent provided by the invention comprises the step of uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain the tundish covering agent.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided use of the above tundish covering agent in a molten steel tundish plasma heating process.
The tundish covering agent provided by the invention can be widely applied to the plasma heating process of the molten steel tundish.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the plasma heating of the tundish, the amount of the tundish covering agent added is 8 to 10kg per ton of molten steel, preferably 9kg per ton of molten steel.
In a preferred embodiment, the tundish covering agent is added in an amount of 9kg per ton of molten steel, so that the surface of the tundish can be completely covered.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a steel product is produced by using the above tundish covering agent during the tundish plasma heating process.
The steel provided by the invention is prepared by adopting the tundish covering agent in the tundish plasma heating process.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Examples 1 to 5
A foaming agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
note: the particle size of the limestone is 200-250 meshes; the particle size of the dolomite is 150-200 meshes; the granularity of the magnesite is 180-220 meshes; the granularity of the carbon-containing material is 180-220 meshes.
The preparation method of the foaming agent comprises the following steps: the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the foaming agent.
Example 6
The tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: blowing agent 5% prepared in example 1, CaO and SiO265% of the mixture of (1), Al2O323%, MgO 3% and Fe2O3 4％；
CaO and SiO as described above2CaO and SiO in the mixture2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.8;
the preparation method of the tundish covering agent comprises the following steps: the raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the tundish covering agent with the water content of 0.2%.
Example 7
The tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: blowing agent prepared in example 2 8%, CaO and SiO261% of the mixture of (1), Al2O322%, MgO 4% and Fe2O3 5％；
CaO and SiO as described above2CaO and SiO in the mixture2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 2.0;
the preparation method of the tundish covering agent comprises the following steps: the raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the tundish covering agent with the water content of 0.2%.
Example 8
The tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 13% of blowing agent obtained in example 3, CaO and SiO259% of the mixture of (1), Al2O319%, MgO 4% and Fe2O3 5％；
CaO and SiO as described above2CaO and SiO in the mixture2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 2.1;
the preparation method of the tundish covering agent comprises the following steps: the raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the tundish covering agent with the water content of 0.2%.
Example 9
The tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 14% of blowing agent prepared in example 4, CaO and SiO255% of the mixture of (1), Al2O321%, MgO 4% and Fe2O36％；
CaO and SiO as described above2CaO and SiO in the mixture2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 2.2;
the preparation method of the tundish covering agent comprises the following steps: the raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the tundish covering agent with the water content of 0.2%.
Example 10
The tundish covering agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 18% of blowing agent prepared in example 5, CaO and SiO254% of the mixture of (1), Al2O319%, MgO 4% and Fe2O35％；
CaO and SiO as described above2CaO and SiO in the mixture2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.8;
the preparation method of the tundish covering agent comprises the following steps: the raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the tundish covering agent with the water content of 0.2%.
Comparative example 1
A tundish covering agent, this example being identical to example 8 except that it does not contain a blowing agent.
Effect example 1
The tundish covering agent prepared in the embodiments 6 to 10 and the comparative example 1 of the invention is applied to the industrial experiment in the plasma heating process of the molten steel tundish by adding 8 to 10kg of the tundish covering agent into each ton of molten steel, and the results are shown in the following table:
| group of | Noise (db) | Thermal efficiency (%) |
| Example 6 | 94 | 57.49 |
| Example 7 | 92 | 58.03 |
| Example 8 | 88 | 61.87 |
| Example 9 | 90 | 60.06 |
| Example 10 | 93 | 59.34 |
| Comparative example 1 | 105 | 52.03 |
In conclusion, when the covering agent component contains the foaming agent, the arc light generated during heating can be obviously observed on site, the noise is reduced by 10-18%, the thermal efficiency is improved by 10-20%, and the covering agent has better technical effects.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The tundish covering agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 13% of foaming agent, CaO and SiO259% of the mixture of (1), Al2O319%, MgO 4% and Fe2O3 5%；
The foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
12wt% of coke powder and 88wt% of carbonate minerals, wherein the carbonate minerals are formed by mixing limestone, dolomite and magnesite in a ratio of 48: 35: 17 by mass ratio;
the CaO and SiO2CaO and SiO in the mixture2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 2.1: 1;
the preparation method of the tundish covering agent comprises the following steps: the raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the tundish covering agent with the water content of 0.2%.
2. The tundish covering agent according to claim 1, wherein the limestone has a particle size of 200 to 250 mesh.
3. The tundish covering agent according to claim 1, wherein the dolomite has a particle size of 150 to 200 mesh.
4. The tundish covering agent according to claim 1, wherein the magnesite has a particle size of 180-220 mesh.
5. The tundish covering agent according to claim 1, wherein the coke powder has a particle size of 180 to 220 mesh.
6. Use of a tundish covering agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in a molten steel tundish plasma heating process.
7. The use of claim 6, wherein the amount of the tundish covering agent added during the tundish plasma heating process is 8-10 kg per ton of molten steel, so that the covering agent completely covers the molten steel surface.
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| CN113828742B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2023-07-11 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Covering agent for preventing slag from rolling in pouring area of tundish and application |
| CN112746193B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-17 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of foam magnesium or magnesium alloy |
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| CN1071703A (en) * | 1991-10-23 | 1993-05-05 | 广西冶金研究所 | High-effective foam slag submerged-arc steel melting method of electric arc furnace |
| CN1082116A (en) * | 1992-08-10 | 1994-02-16 | 湖南省冶金材料研究所 | Foaming agent for smelting steel in electric arc furnace |
| CN1038518C (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1998-05-27 | 北京科技大学 | Submerged-arc scum for steel chamber refinery furnace |
| CN1078620C (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2002-01-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Ladle finer reduction foaming agent |
| CN100447272C (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-12-31 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Electric arc furnace smelting stainless steel mother liquid steel slag foaming agent |
| CN108127092A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-08 | 铜山县超特有色金属添加剂厂 | A kind of coverture and its preparation process |
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