CN111096200A

CN111096200A - Geological structure for preventing and controlling lawn underground pests and maintenance method

Info

Publication number: CN111096200A
Application number: CN201911389262.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢腾芳; 李子华; 邢景景; 曾凤; 李银; 周萍
Original assignee: Guangzhou Pubang Landscape Architecture Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Pubang Landscape Architecture Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-30
Filing date: 2019-12-30
Publication date: 2020-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-30
Also published as: CN111096200B

Abstract

The invention discloses a geological structure for preventing and controlling underground pests of a lawn and a maintenance method. According to the scheme, deep ploughing and soil turning are carried out on a greening area, the terrain is leveled, and a foundation is provided for laying of a subsequent lawn planting structure; when the geological structure is arranged, the permeable pipe is skillfully utilized, so that the water content of the soil is easy to control, and an operation space is provided for a subsequent maintenance method; wherein the isolation layer prevents the soil insects from migrating upwards from the deep soil layer; in the subsequent maintenance method, the stress resistance of the lawn grass is enhanced through the induction of a low-concentration sodium chloride solution, and a drought and anaerobic soil environment is created through the drought-irrigation circulating operation, so that underground pests are killed, adults are driven, and the aim of effectively preventing and controlling the underground pests is fulfilled. The invention is used in the field of pest control.

Description

Geological structure for preventing and controlling lawn underground pests and maintenance method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of pest control, in particular to a geological structure and a maintenance method for controlling lawn underground pests.

Background

In recent years, the urbanization process is accelerated, the lawn area is continuously enlarged, and the problem of controlling the lawn diseases and insect pests is prominent. Taking the south China as an example, the days with the daily average temperature of more than or equal to 10 ℃ are more than 300 days, the precipitation of most places is 1400-2000 mm, and the high-temperature and high-humidity weather is favorable for propagation of underground pests and frequent insect pests. The main species of the lawn soil insects include grubs, cutworms, mole crickets, anoectochilus and the like, and the lawn soil insects have the harm characteristics of wide distribution, serious harm, hidden life, strong adaptability and the like.

The current measures for controlling soil insects on the lawn mainly comprise the following steps:

chemical prevention and control. The method for preventing and controlling insect pests by using pesticides containing main components such as phoxim, chlorpyrifos, abamectin, carbofuran, methyl isothion and the like is the most commonly used method at present, and has the advantages of obvious effect and simple method. But after long-term use, the pesticide resistance of pests can be enhanced, the control effect is reduced, the environment of atmosphere, soil and underground water can be polluted, natural enemies can be killed, and the safety of people and livestock is endangered.

And (4) biological control. Pathogenic microorganisms such as beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae and bacillus thuringiensis are used for controlling soil insects on the lawn, and mass propagation of the insects can be effectively inhibited. But is limited by natural environment in popularization, has insignificant short-term use effect and slow insecticidal effect, and can not achieve the purpose of killing quickly when used under high population density.

And (4) physical prevention and control. The sweet and sour liquid and other food-liking baits are utilized to trap and kill; trapping and killing by using a black light lamp; mechanical or manual killing is utilized. The existing physical prevention and control has no pollution, but the insecticidal is slow and the trapping and killing are not thorough.

The occurrence of underground pests is related to factors such as soil texture, temperature, water content and the like, and has an up-down migration rule in soil. For example, the soil texture can be changed by deep ploughing and airing, the natural death rate of underground larvae can be improved by the mode that the temperature of the soil is increased by microwave irradiation or the water content of the soil is increased by underground irrigation, and the aims of no pollution to the environment and purely physical prevention and control of the underground pest larvae are achieved. In addition, for the control of underground pests on the lawn, the normal growth of the lawn is considered besides the consideration of killing the pests.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a geological structure and a maintenance method for preventing and controlling underground pests on a lawn, which adopt physical prevention and killing of grubs, do not pollute soil and water sources, and do not influence the growth of the lawn.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a prevent and treat geological structure of lawn soil insect, from supreme plain soil, level and join in marriage metalling, isolation layer, matrix layer and turf of being in proper order down, bury the pipe of permeating water in the level and join in marriage metalling underground, the water that the turf was discharged can flow away through the pipe of permeating water entering drain pipe, avoids ponding. The design of the permeable pipe is to efficiently control the water content of the soil and provide an operation space for the subsequent maintenance method. The broken stone particle diameter that graded broken stone layer chose for use is 5 ~ 30mm, should be greater than the aperture of the pipe of permeating water, supports and maintains the pipe of permeating water, the thickness of graded broken stone layer is 200 mm. The isolating layer is a non-woven fabric or a nylon filter screen, and can also be replaced by other water-permeable and air-permeable materials, and the thickness of the isolating layer is 25 mm; the isolation layer effectively blocks the soil insects with the surface soil thickness of less than 300mm from moving upwards on one hand, reduces the soil loss above the isolation layer on the other hand, and plays a certain role in moisture preservation and fertility preservation. The substrate layer comprises fine sand and nutrient soil which are uniformly mixed, the ratio of the fine sand to the nutrient soil is 1: 3-5, and the thickness of the substrate layer is 100 mm.

When soil preparation is carried out, the turf planting surface is used as a reference to be turned downwards by 30-60 cm, and meanwhile, the turf planting surface is aired for 5-7 days in clear weather, so that the original soil geology and temperature and humidity are changed, and meanwhile, the turf planting surface is favorable for being predated by natural enemies of pests. And after the airing is finished, leveling the terrain according to the planting requirements.

The pervious pipe is a tooth mountain net type pervious pipe. The turf is suitable for planting varieties with strong stress resistance, such as bermuda grass, ryegrass, zoysia japonica, paspalum natatum, centipede grass and the like.

A maintenance method for controlling soil insects on a lawn comprises the following steps:

s1 low salt induction enhances turf stress tolerance; normally maintaining the turf for 15-25 days after planting, and watering continuously for 7-14 days, wherein the watering amount is 1000L/mu, the mixed sodium chloride solution is 50-200 mmol/mu, and the watering frequency is 1 time/day; and then gradually increasing the watering amount to 1500-2000L/mu, simultaneously keeping the soil moisture content at 15-20%, and maintaining for 20-40 days under the normal state.

S2 drought-irrigation treatment; after the step S1 is completed, naturally drying the geological structure for 2-4 days, and keeping the water content of the soil at the moment to be 10-15%; and then, re-watering, and irrigating until the soil content reaches 25-35% for 1-6 days. By greatly adjusting the soil humidity, the eggs and the larvae of the underground pests can be effectively killed, and the adults can be repelled. In addition, the adults who are driven out of the soil surface should be trapped and killed in time.

As an improvement of the scheme, step S3 is added after the step S2, soil excavation sampling is carried out to investigate the number of imagoes, and if the number of imagoes is more than 2 heads per square meter, the step S2 is repeated.

As an improvement of the scheme, the interval between two adjacent steps S3 is more than 7 days; in spring, the air temperature should be greater than 10 ℃ when step S2 is performed. Based on the weather conditions, the prevention and treatment effect is better.

As an improvement of the scheme, in the step S2, if symptoms such as leaf yellowing and withering occur, the soil state is recovered to the normal state in the step S1, namely the watering amount is 1500-2000L/mu, and the soil moisture content is 15-20%.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the scheme, deep ploughing and soil turning are carried out on a greening area, the terrain is leveled, and a foundation is provided for laying of a subsequent lawn planting structure; when the geological structure is arranged, the permeable pipe is skillfully utilized, so that the water content of the soil is easy to control, and an operation space is provided for a subsequent maintenance method; wherein the isolation layer prevents the soil insects from migrating upwards from the deep soil layer; in the subsequent maintenance method, the stress resistance of the lawn grass is enhanced through the induction of a low-concentration sodium chloride solution, and a drought and anaerobic soil environment is created through the drought-irrigation circulating operation, so that underground pests are killed, adults are driven, and the aim of effectively preventing and controlling the underground pests is fulfilled.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a geological structure in this embodiment.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as up, down, front, rear, left, right, etc., is the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description of the present invention, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the invention, the meaning of a plurality of the terms is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of the terms is two or more, and the terms larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood to include no essential numbers, and the terms larger, smaller, etc. are understood to include essential numbers. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

The invention relates to a geological structure for preventing and controlling underground pests on a lawn and a maintenance method, which are described by referring to fig. 1 as an example.

The test time is 3-7 months, bermuda grass is selected in the test field, and the air temperature in the months is 12-32 ℃.

And (4) setting up a geological structure for testing. The area of the test site is about 500m²The geological structure is from bottom to top: the artificial turf comprises plain soil 1, a graded crushed stone layer 3, an isolation layer 4, a matrix layer 5 and turf 6. The crushed stone of the graded crushed stone layer 3 has the particle size of 5-30 mm and the thickness of 200mmThe inside of the water pipe is provided with a tooth mountain net type water permeable pipe. The isolation layer 4 is made of non-woven fabric and is 25mm thick. The matrix layer 5 comprises fine sand and nutrient soil, the ratio of the fine sand to the nutrient soil is 1:5, no un-decomposed organic fertilizer is used, the mixture is used, and the thickness of the matrix layer 5 is 100 mm.

The test was started next.

S1: and (3) watering by adopting a low-concentration sodium chloride solution of 100 mmol/mu for 7 days when the temperature is stabilized to 15 ℃ at the beginning of 3 months, wherein the watering amount is 800L, and the watering time is noon every day. Then, gradually recovering the watering quantity of 1200-1500L per mu, and continuously adding a sodium chloride solution into the water; watering according to needs, measuring the water content of the soil to be 15-20%, and normally maintaining for 20 days.

S2: and 4-6 months, when the temperature rises to more than 20 ℃, carrying out 1 time of drought-irrigation treatment every month, wherein the duration time of the drought treatment is 2 days, the time of the irrigation treatment is 2-4 days, and the soil humidity is kept at 25-35% in the period.

4-7 months, observing the growth characters of the cynodon dactylon in the test field by naked eyes, wherein compared with a common lawn field, the leaf color of the cynodon dactylon is yellow during salt stress, drought and irrigation, the cynodon dactylon is recovered to be normal after normal maintenance, and the rootstocks of the cynodon dactylon are thicker and slightly shorter in height;

and 4-7 months, excavating soil for underground pests to investigate population density of the underground pests, wherein the data are as follows:

quantity comparison of population density of underground pests in different soil depths

Unit: head per square meter

Longitudinal comparisons, it can be seen that the pest population density in the test plot decreased from an average of 1.6 pest population/square meter in 3 months to an average of 0.5 pest population/square meter in 7 months; the process of enhancing the stress resistance of the turf 6 by low-salt induction in 3 months can effectively repel pests, and the drought-irrigation treatment can maintain the pest control and avoid relapse. In transverse comparison, before the control in 3 months, the insect population closeness of the pests in the general lawn and the test field is basically the same, and the control effect is remarkable when the pest population density of 4.0 heads/square meter in the general lawn in 7 months.

According to the scheme, deep ploughing and soil turning are carried out on a greening area, the terrain is leveled, and a foundation is provided for laying of a subsequent lawn planting structure; when the geological structure is arranged, the water permeable pipe 2 is skillfully utilized, so that the soil water content is easy to control, and an operation space is provided for a subsequent maintenance method; wherein the isolation layer 4 prevents the soil insects from migrating upwards from the deep soil layer; in the subsequent maintenance method, the stress resistance of the lawn grass is enhanced through the induction of a low-concentration sodium chloride solution, and a drought and anaerobic soil environment is created through the drought-irrigation circulating operation, so that underground pests are killed, adults are driven, and the aim of effectively preventing and controlling the underground pests is fulfilled.

Of course, the design creation is not limited to the above embodiments, and the combination of different features of the above embodiments can also achieve good effects. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and such equivalent changes or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A geological structure for controlling soil insects on a lawn, which is characterized in that: from supreme plain soil, level and join in marriage gravel layer, isolation layer, matrix layer and turf in proper order down, bury the pipe of permeating water in the level and join in marriage the gravel layer.

2. A geological structure for the control of soil pests on lawns, according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the broken stone selected for the graded broken stone layer is 5-30 mm, and the thickness of the graded broken stone layer is 200 mm.

3. A geological structure for the control of soil pests on lawns, according to claim 2, wherein: the isolation layer is non-woven fabrics or nylon filter screen, the thickness of isolation layer is 25 mm.

4. A geological structure for the control of soil pests on lawns, according to claim 3, wherein: the substrate layer comprises fine sand and nutrient soil which are uniformly mixed, the ratio of the fine sand to the nutrient soil is 1: 3-5, and the thickness of the substrate layer is 100 mm.

5. A geological structure for the control of soil pests on lawns, according to claim 4, wherein: the pervious pipe is a tooth mountain net type pervious pipe.

6. A method of curing a geological structure using any of claims 1-5, characterized by comprising the steps of:

s1 low salt induction enhances turf stress tolerance; normally maintaining the turf for 15-25 days after planting, and watering continuously for 7-14 days, wherein the watering amount is 1000L/mu, the mixed sodium chloride solution is 50-200 mmol/mu, and the watering frequency is 1 time/day; then gradually increasing the watering amount to 1500-2000L/mu, simultaneously keeping the soil moisture content at 15-20%, and maintaining for 20-40 days under the normal state;

s2 drought-irrigation treatment; after the step S1 is completed, naturally drying the geological structure for 2-4 days, and keeping the water content of the soil at the moment to be 10-15%; and then, re-watering, and irrigating until the soil content reaches 25-35% for 1-6 days.

7. The curing method according to claim 6, wherein: and step S3 is added after the step S2, the quantity of the imagoes is investigated by excavating soil and sampling, and if the quantity of the imagoes is more than 2 heads per square meter, the step S2 is repeated.

8. The curing method according to claim 7, wherein: the interval between two adjacent steps S3 is more than 7 days.

9. The curing method according to claim 8, wherein: when the step S2 is performed in spring, the air temperature should be greater than 10 ℃.

10. The curing method according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S2, if symptoms such as leaf yellowing and withering occur, the soil state is restored to the normal state in the step S1.