CN111092464A - 带有可配置输出转换器的车辆动力系统 - Google Patents

带有可配置输出转换器的车辆动力系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111092464A
CN111092464A CN201911002252.7A CN201911002252A CN111092464A CN 111092464 A CN111092464 A CN 111092464A CN 201911002252 A CN201911002252 A CN 201911002252A CN 111092464 A CN111092464 A CN 111092464A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
power
phase
power converter
vehicle powertrain
converter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201911002252.7A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
陆樨
邹轲
克里希纳·普拉撒度·巴特
迈克尔·W·德格纳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Publication of CN111092464A publication Critical patent/CN111092464A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/006—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to power outlets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B60L2210/42—Voltage source inverters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/26—Pc applications
    • G05B2219/2639—Energy management, use maximum of cheap power, keep peak load low
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供了“带有可配置输出转换器的车辆动力系统”。一种车辆动力系统，包括功率转换器，所述功率转换器包括一个或多个相桥线以及负轨线。所述系统还包括控制器，所述控制器操作所述功率转换器以使电流流过所述相桥线中的一些以及所述负轨线以输出DC功率，并且操作所述功率转换器以使电流流过所述相桥线中的一些而不流过所述负轨线以输出AC功率。

Description

带有可配置输出转换器的车辆动力系统
技术领域
本公开涉及车辆功率转换器。
背景技术
微电网系统通常包括各种类型的转换器。这些转换器使微电网系统能够为用户提供不同的输出电压、电流和功率。通常，对于每种应用而言，都有专用的转换器，其提供预定的输出电压和输出功率。该预定的电压和功率通常是不灵活的且不可扩展的。例如，用户可能希望转换混合动力车辆或电动车辆的DC高压以对另一标准的车辆进行快速充电(这将需要在200VDC到450VDC之间的输出范围，其中额定功率为100kW)，并且可能希望通过1级充电器(这将需要120VAC的输出，其中额定功率为3.3kW)对普通车辆进行充电。在传统情况下，必须专门设计两个不同的转换器并且将其安装到微电网系统中以满足这些要求。
发明内容
一种车辆动力系统包括动力电池；功率转换器，所述功率转换器与所述动力电池电连接并且包括具有相应开关的一个或多个相桥、负轨、从所述相桥中的每一个延伸的相桥线以及从所述负轨延伸的负轨线。所述车辆动力系统还包括控制器，所述控制器被编程为操作所述开关以经由所述线中的一些在不同的时间输出AC功率和DC功率。
一种车辆动力系统包括功率转换器，所述功率转换器包括一个或多个相桥线以及负轨线；以及控制器，所述控制器被编程为操作所述功率转换器以使电流流过所述相桥线中的一些以及所述负轨线以输出DC功率，并且操作所述功率转换器以使电流流过所述相桥线中的一些而不流过所述负轨线以输出AC功率。
一种操作车辆的动力系统的方法包括：激活功率转换器的开关，以使电流流过所述功率转换器的一个或多个相桥线以及负轨线以输出DC功率；并且激活所述功率转换器的开关，以使电流流过所述一个或多个相桥线而不流过所述负轨线以输出AC功率。
附图说明
图1是微电网系统的示意图，所述微电网系统具有用于不同类型的负载中的每一个的专用转换器。
图2是DC-AC三相功率转换器的示意图。
图3是包括动力电池、通用转换器构造块和控制器的车辆动力系统的示意图。
图4是图3的通用转换器构造块的示例的示意图。
图5至图10是具有以各种配置连接的通用转换器构造块的车辆动力系统的示意图。
图11是具有被布置成向不同类型的负载提供功率的转换器的微电网系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
本文中描述了本公开的各种实施例。然而，所公开的实施例仅仅是示例性的，并且其他实施例可采用未明确示出或描述的各种形式和替代形式。附图不一定按比例绘制；一些特征可被放大或最小化以示出特定部件的细节。因此，本文所公开的具体的结构细节和功能细节不应被解释为是限制性的，而是仅仅作为教导本领域普通技术人员以不同方式采用本发明的代表性基础。如本领域普通技术人员将理解的，参考任何一个附图示出和描述的各种特征可以与一个或多个其他附图中示出的特征进行组合，以产生未明确示出或描述的实施例。所示出特征的组合提供典型应用的代表性实施例。然而，对于特定的应用或实施方式，可能需要与本公开的教导相一致的特征的各种组合和修改。
参考图1，车辆12的典型微电网系统10包括动力电池14和多个转换器16、18、20。转换器16、18、20中的每一个专用于特定类型的负载。转换器16被设计用于三相大功率负载22，诸如被配置为驱动车辆12的车轮的电机。三相大功率负载22也可以是感应马达负载，在这种情况下，其将在车辆12的车外，等等。转换器18被设计用于提供车外功率，诸如对电动车辆的电池24进行快速充电。并且，转换器20被设计用于产生120VAC电网，以用于单相充电器26或某种其他单相负载，诸如吹风机。
参考图2，用于与动力电池30和多相AC负载32一起使用的(并且类似于图1的转换器16的)的典型DC-AC转换器28包括与动力电池30并联的电容器34、固态变压器(双有源桥)36、直流侧电容器38以及与多相AC负载32电连接的多个相桥和相应的线40。操作将动力电池30与多相AC负载32电流隔离的固态变压器36将功率从动力电池30传输到直流侧电容器38。然后，可以如本领域中已知的那样选择性地致动多个相桥的开关和相应的线40，以将DC功率传输到多相AC负载32。
微电网应用具有不同的负载轮廓曲线，这需要相关联的转换器以相应地进行适应性改造。与上述专门的转换器不同，本文设想了所谓的通用的可重新配置的双向转换器。可以操作这些转换器以处理不同的电压和/或输出AC功率或DC功率。另外，这些转换器可以彼此协同使用以增强其灵活性。
参考图3，用于车辆的动力系统42包括动力电池44、通用转换器构造块46和控制器48，控制器48与动力电池44和通用转换器构造块46通信/对其施加控制。在该示例中，通用转换器构造块46具有三个输出，Vout1、Vout2、Vout3，如下面所讨论的。然而，通用转换器构造块46可以具有任何数量的输出(例如，四个、五个、六个等)。
参考图4，通用转换器构造块46包括与动力电池44并联的电容器50、固态变压器52、直流侧电容器54和多相逆变器56。在该示例中，示出了通用转换器构造块46，其仅具有三个输出以便于说明。该布置具有与两个相桥相关联的两条线58、60，以及从通用转换器构造块46的负载侧处的负轨线延伸的线62。如下面所讨论的，添加线62有助于该布置的灵活性。通用转换器构造块46可以经由线58、60、62与各种类型的负载(例如，AC负载、DC负载等)电连接。
在其他示例中，通用转换器构造块46可以包括两个以上的相桥和相应的线。例如，其可以包括3个相桥和相应的线以服务于三相负载，4个相桥和相应的线以服务于三相四线负载等。除了所示那些之外的拓扑也是可能的。根据情况，开关可以是电容器、二极管、IGBT、MOSFET等。此外，变压器52的左半部可以是升压半桥、全桥或半桥。变压器52的右半部可以是全桥、半桥或不受控制的二极管整流器。就需要电流隔离的程度而言，变压器52可以在初级侧、次级侧或两者上具有单个绕组或多个绕组。就不需要电流隔离的程度而言，可以将变压器52省去或简化为降压转换器、升压转换器或降压升压转换器或任何这样的组合。还设想了其他布置。
多相逆变器56的相桥中的每一个包括一对开关。开关66、68与线58相对应，并且开关70、72与线60相对应。为了提供第一水平的DC功率，接通开关66。电流从电容器54的正轨流过开关66和线58到达负载64，并且再返回流过线62到达电容器54的负轨。当切断开关66时，由于沿着线58的电感器(未示出)不能即刻改变电流方向，开关68的二极管自动导通。因此，电流从该电感器流过线58到达负载64，并且流过线62和开关68的二极管。为了提供第二水平的DC功率，接通开关66、70。电流流过开关66和线58到达负载64，并且电流流过开关70和线60到达负载64。电流返回流过线62，等等。可以将类似的操作扩展到具有额外的相桥和相应的开关和线的布置。
为了提供单相AC功率，以互补的方式操作开关66、68和70、72。接通开关66、72，同时切断开关68、70，以引起电流流过开关66和线58到达负载64，以及电流从负载64流过线60和开关72(排除线62)。同样地，接通开关68、70，同时切断开关66、72，以引起电流流过开关70和线60到达负载64，以及电流从负载64流过线58和开关68(排除线62)。可以将类似的操作扩展到具有额外的相桥和相应的开关和线的布置。
参考图5，用于车辆的动力系统74包括动力电池76和并联电连接以实现大电流或大功率的多个通用转换器构造块78a、78b、78c。
参考图6，用于车辆的动力系统80包括动力电池76和串联电连接以实现高压的多个通用转换器构造块78a、78b、78c。
参考图7，用于车辆的动力系统82包括动力电池76和电连接以输出不同电压(例如，240VAC分相)的多个通用转换器构造块78a、78b。
参考图8，用于车辆的动力系统84包括动力电池76和与相移电连接以形成多相系统(例如，3相Y)的多个通用转换器构造块78a、78b。
参考图9，用于车辆的动力系统86包括动力电池76和与相移电连接以形成3相Δ系统的多个通用转换器构造块78a、78b、78c。
图5至图9的示例显示为具有两个或三个转换器。然而，可以使用任何数量：四个转换器、五个转换器等。无论每个转换器的相桥数量如何，这些布置中的某些布置可能仅在以单相模式操作转换器时才发挥作用。
参考图10，用于车辆的动力系统88包括动力电池76和串联电连接并且一起相移以实现3相480VAC输出的多个通用转换器构造块78a至78i。
参考图11，微电网系统90包括动力电池92、本文设想类型的多个转换器94、96、98和继电器矩阵100。继电器矩阵100提供接入多个负载的途径：单相AC负载102、3相AC负载104和DC负载106。在该示例中，多个转换器94、96、98可以具有相同的架构，但是可以被不同地控制，使得转换器94为单相AC负载102输出单相AC功率，转换器96为3相AC负载104输出3相AC功率，并且转换器98为DC负载106输出DC功率，所有的都是经由继电器矩阵100传输的。另一种情形可能是当连接大功率3相AC负载时，转换器94、96和98可以并联以增加输出功率。继电器矩阵100将能够并联3个转换器的输出以实施该情形。
本文所公开的过程、方法或算法可以交付给处理装置、控制器或计算机(其可以包括任何现有的可编程电子控制单元或专用电子控制单元)/由其实施。类似地，所述过程、方法或算法可以以许多形式存储为可由控制器或计算机执行的数据和指令，包括但不限于永久存储在诸如只读存储器(ROM)装置的不可写存储介质上的信息和以可更改的方式存储在可写存储介质(诸如软盘、磁带、光盘(CD)、随机存取存储器(RAM)装置和其他磁性和光学介质)上的信息。所述过程、方法或算法也可在软件可执行对象中实施。可替代地，可使用合适的硬件部件(诸如专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、状态机、控制器或者其他硬件部件或装置)或硬件、软件和固件部件的组合来全部或部分地实施所述过程、方法或算法。
在本说明书中所使用的词语是描述性而非限制性的词语，并且应当理解，可在不脱离本公开和权利要求的精神和范围的情况下做出各种改变。
如前所述，各种实施例的特征可以组合以形成可能未明确描述或示出的另外的实施例。虽然各种实施例可能已被描述为就一个或多个期望特性而言提供优于其他实施例或现有技术实施方式的优点或比它们更为优选，但是本领域普通技术人员认识到，为了实现所期望的总体系统属性，可能会对一个或多个特征或特性作出折衷，这取决于具体应用和实施方式。这些属性可以包括但不限于成本、强度、耐久性、生命周期成本、可销售性、外观、包装、大小、可维护性、重量、可制造性、易组装性等。为此，就一个或多个特性而言被描述成不如其他实施例或现有技术实施方式理想的实施例也在本公开的范围内，并且对于特定应用而言可能是理想的。
根据本发明的一个实施例，一个或多个相桥包括两个或更多个相桥。

Claims (15)

1.一种车辆动力系统，其包括：
动力电池；
功率转换器，所述功率转换器与所述动力电池电连接并且包括具有相应开关的一个或多个相桥、负轨、从所述相桥中的每一个延伸的相桥线以及从所述负轨延伸的负轨线；以及
控制器，所述控制器被编程为操作所述开关以经由所述线中的一些在不同的时间输出AC功率和DC功率。
2.如权利要求1所述的车辆动力系统，其中响应于所述功率转换器输出DC功率，电流流过所述负轨线。
3.如权利要求1所述的车辆动力系统，其中响应于所述功率转换器输出AC功率，电流不流过所述负轨线。
4.如权利要求1所述的车辆动力系统，其还包括与所述功率转换器并联电连接的另一个功率转换器。
5.如权利要求1所述的车辆动力系统，其还包括与所述功率转换器串联电连接的另一个功率转换器。
6.如权利要求1所述的车辆动力系统，其中所述AC功率是单相AC功率或三相AC功率。
7.一种车辆动力系统，其包括：
功率转换器，所述功率转换器包括一个或多个相桥线以及负轨线；以及
控制器，所述控制器被编程为操作所述功率转换器以使电流流过所述相桥线中的一些以及所述负轨线以输出DC功率，并且操作所述功率转换器以使电流流过所述相桥线中的一些而不流过所述负轨线以输出AC功率。
8.如权利要求7所述的车辆动力系统，其还包括与所述功率转换器并联电连接的另一个功率转换器。
9.如权利要求7所述的车辆动力系统，其还包括与所述功率转换器串联电连接的另一个功率转换器。
10.如权利要求7所述的车辆动力系统，其中所述功率转换器包括对应于所述一个或多个相桥线中的每一个的相桥。
11.如权利要求7所述的车辆动力系统，其中所述AC功率是单相AC功率或三相AC功率。
12.一种操作车辆的动力系统的方法，其包括：
激活功率转换器的开关，以使电流流过所述功率转换器的一个或多个相桥线以及负轨线以输出DC功率；并且
激活所述功率转换器的开关，以使电流流过所述一个或多个相桥线而不流过所述负轨线以输出AC功率。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，其还包括激活与所述功率转换器并联电连接的第二功率转换器的开关。
14.如权利要求12所述的方法，其还包括激活与所述功率转换器串联电连接的第二功率转换器的开关。
15.如权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述AC功率是单相AC功率或三相AC功率。
CN201911002252.7A 2018-10-23 2019-10-21 带有可配置输出转换器的车辆动力系统 Pending CN111092464A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/168,598 2018-10-23
US16/168,598 US10919407B2 (en) 2018-10-23 2018-10-23 Vehicle power system with configurable output converter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111092464A true CN111092464A (zh) 2020-05-01

Family

ID=70280294

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201911002252.7A Pending CN111092464A (zh) 2018-10-23 2019-10-21 带有可配置输出转换器的车辆动力系统

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US10919407B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN111092464A (zh)
DE (1) DE102019128412A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3814163A1 (en) * 2018-06-29 2021-05-05 Volvo Technology Corporation An electric propulsion system for a vehicle
GB202007547D0 (en) 2020-05-20 2020-07-01 Tallinn Univ Of Technology An universal DC-DC/AC converter

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3625789B2 (ja) * 2001-08-10 2005-03-02 本田技研工業株式会社 車両の電源装置
CN104300771B (zh) * 2006-06-06 2018-10-30 威廉·亚历山大 通用功率变换器
US8682495B2 (en) 2010-10-21 2014-03-25 The Boeing Company Microgrid control system
US8766474B2 (en) 2011-01-12 2014-07-01 The Boeing Company Smart microgrid reconfigurable AC interface
US9825470B2 (en) 2012-10-25 2017-11-21 Mcmaster University Multi-source power converter
CA2818450C (en) 2013-06-17 2020-04-07 Mcmaster University Reconfigurable hybrid energy storage system for electrified vehicles
KR102073793B1 (ko) 2013-08-29 2020-02-05 삼성전자 주식회사 오디오 액세서리의 탄성체와 오디오 액세서리 및 이를 지원하는 전자 장치
US9293978B2 (en) * 2014-01-20 2016-03-22 Cummins Power Generation Ip, Inc. Split phase power conversion apparatuses, methods and systems
US9511676B2 (en) * 2014-01-31 2016-12-06 Ford Global Technologies Llc Portable EV energy transfer apparatus and method
US9917530B2 (en) * 2015-10-06 2018-03-13 Cummins Power Generation Ip, Inc. Reconfigurable converter
US10061283B2 (en) 2015-12-07 2018-08-28 Opus One Solutions Energy Corp. Systems and methods for integrated microgrid management system in electric power systems
US10525833B2 (en) * 2017-08-14 2020-01-07 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Tactical vehicle to grid electric power architecture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10919407B2 (en) 2021-02-16
DE102019128412A1 (de) 2020-04-23
US20200122586A1 (en) 2020-04-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6832751B2 (ja) 電荷移動管理方法および電荷移動装置
US10771001B2 (en) Controller for an inductive load having one or more inductive windings
JP5674301B2 (ja) 変換器を用いたエネルギー移行のための装置及びその製造方法
US11097626B2 (en) Vehicle electrical systems, charging system, charging station, and method for transmitting electrical energy
CN109311409B (zh) 具有逆变器、蓄能器、电机和直流电流传输端子的车辆车载电网
CN110949154B (zh) 充电装置
CN110461641B (zh) 用于车辆的充电电路装置以及用于充电电路装置的方法
Schroeder et al. General analysis and design guideline for a battery buffer system with DC/DC converter and EDLC for electric vehicles and its influence on efficiency
JP5784553B2 (ja) 電力変換装置
JP5358309B2 (ja) 車両用多機能コンバータ
Tsirinomeny et al. Configurable modular multilevel converter (CMMC) for flexible EV
EP4282064A1 (en) Bi-directional power converter
CN111092464A (zh) 带有可配置输出转换器的车辆动力系统
JP2019531043A (ja) 変換デバイス、関連する制御方法および関連する車両
JP5945936B2 (ja) 充電装置
KR20210018598A (ko) 차량용 전력 변환 시스템 및 그 제어 방법
EP1511149A2 (en) A power system to transfer power between a plurality of power sources
JP6953634B2 (ja) Ｄｃ／ｄｃコンバータを備える車両充電器
US20230025867A1 (en) Charger capable of bidirectional power transfer
CN117227526A (zh) 可再充电能量存储系统平衡
KR102202495B1 (ko) 차량용 배터리 충전 제어기 및 그것의 동작 방법
JP6815762B2 (ja) 電力変換システム
CN112537213A (zh) 充电装置
Shi et al. Modified dual inverter drive enabling on-board fast charging of electric vehicles
JP5774525B2 (ja) バッテリ充電装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination