CN111089293A

CN111089293A - Domestic waste preprocessing device

Info

Publication number: CN111089293A
Application number: CN201911291226.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 季炫宇; 林伟坚; 申宪文; 杨宇; 林顺洪; 柏继松; 徐�明
Original assignee: Chongqing University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Chongqing University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-16
Filing date: 2019-12-16
Publication date: 2020-05-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a household garbage pretreatment device, and particularly relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment devices. A household garbage pretreatment device comprises a box body, wherein a first motor and a second motor are symmetrically arranged at the upper part of the box body, the first motor is connected with a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is wrapped with a packing auger blade, the second motor is connected with a second rotating shaft, a centrifugal cylinder is arranged on the second rotating shaft, a water filtering hole is formed in the centrifugal cylinder, a baffle is arranged between the centrifugal cylinder and the inner wall of the box body, and an obliquely arranged water filtering plate is further arranged below the centrifugal cylinder; the box is internal to rotate and is connected with the third axis of rotation, and the cladding has the magnetic force belt between two third axis of rotation, and the box below the magnetic force belt is internal to be fixed with shelves pole, and the one end of third axis of rotation is connected with the third motor. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the problems of single technology and high labor intensity of workers of the conventional household garbage pretreatment device are solved, and the device can be used for classifying and treating the household garbage.

Description

Domestic waste preprocessing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment devices, in particular to a household garbage pretreatment device.

Background

At present, the domestic environmental problems are increasingly serious along with the continuous improvement of the development, the nation carries out the garbage classification consciousness cultivation vigorously and pays more and more attention to the treatment of the garbage generated in daily life, the population base of China is large, the garbage generated in a central city every day takes ten thousand tons as a unit, the oversea is taken as an example, the population is 2400 tens of thousands of people, and the daily generated household garbage reaches 2 tens of thousands of tons. In the face of the severe problem of domestic garbage accumulation, the treatment technology of domestic garbage becomes more important, the current main treatment mode of domestic garbage is landfill or incineration power generation, and the incineration power generation has higher economic benefit and environmental protection property and conforms to the three principles of national solid waste treatment, so the domestic garbage is widely popularized, and the domestic garbage has complex types, high water content, low direct incineration utilization rate and great pollution to the environment, so the domestic garbage needs to be pretreated to reduce the environmental pollution. The current domestic garbage pretreatment technology is single, and the manpower occupies a great proportion.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a household garbage pretreatment device to solve the problems that the existing household garbage pretreatment device is single in technology and high in labor intensity of workers.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a household garbage pretreatment device comprises a box body, wherein a feed port is formed in the box body, a first motor and a second motor are symmetrically arranged on the upper portion of the box body, a first rotating shaft with one end penetrating through the side wall of the box body is connected to an output shaft of the first motor, an auger blade with one end located right below the feed port is coated on the first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft with one end penetrating through the side edge of the box body is connected to an output shaft of the second motor, a centrifugal cylinder coated outside the auger blade is arranged on the second rotating shaft, a plurality of water filtering holes are formed in the centrifugal cylinder, an arc-shaped baffle is arranged between the centrifugal cylinder and the inner wall of the box body and located right below the feed port, a water filtering plate which is obliquely arranged is further arranged below the centrifugal cylinder, and a drain pipe is communicated with the box body at one end of; the box of the below of drainage board rotates in and is connected with the third axis of rotation that two intervals set up, two the cladding has the magnetic force belt between the third axis of rotation, the box of magnetic force belt below is internal to be fixed with the shelves pole that offsets bottom the magnetic force belt, arbitrary the one end of third axis of rotation is connected with the third motor, the magnetic force belt is located the centrifuge tube and keeps away from under feed inlet one end.

The principle and the effect of the technical scheme are as follows: when carrying out domestic waste preliminary treatment, first motor, second motor and third motor are opened for the first time, then drop into the box with domestic waste from the feed inlet, domestic waste can slide into in the centrifuge bowl under the effect of baffle, first motor drives the rotation primary shaft and rotates this moment, the epaxial auger blade of first rotation promotes domestic waste and removes in the centrifuge bowl, and the second motor drives second rotation axis and centrifuge bowl and rotates, make the rubbish in the centrifuge bowl produce centrifugal force, water in the rubbish just runs out from the drainage downthehole, thereby fall on the drainage board of centrifuge bowl below, the effect of dry-wet separation has been realized, can reduce the required energy of domestic waste incineration. When domestic waste in the centrifuge drum is pushed out of the centrifuge drum by the auger blade, the domestic waste falls on the magnetic belt, the magnetic belt conveys the domestic waste under the combined action of the third motor and the third rotating shaft, and magnetic objects in the domestic waste are adsorbed by the magnetic conveyor and conveyed to the position of the blocking rod and are blocked by the blocking rod to fall in the box body, so that the classification treatment of the domestic waste is realized, the utilization and the incineration of the domestic waste are facilitated, and the environmental pollution is reduced.

Furthermore, the upper portion of box still is equipped with the admission line, be connected with the forced draught blower on the admission line. The high-temperature hot gas generated in the garbage incineration process can be transmitted into the centrifugal cylinder by the aid of the air blower, so that moisture in the household garbage can be dried, energy required by household garbage incineration is further reduced, bacteria or viruses bred in the household garbage can be killed by the high-temperature hot gas, and a disinfection effect is achieved.

Further, the box on centrifuge bowl right side rotates in and is connected with the fourth axis of rotation, the one end cladding of fourth axis of rotation has the torsional spring, be equipped with the rotor plate in the fourth axis of rotation, the free end of rotor plate is laminated with the lateral wall of box mutually. The household garbage can be released quantitatively by means of the rotating plate and the torsion spring, so that the subsequent classification effect of the household garbage is better, and the moisture drying effect of the household garbage can be further provided by the air outlet at the upper part of the box body.

Furthermore, stirring rods are distributed on the first rotating shaft at equal intervals and are arranged in the blank area of the auger blades. The household garbage in the centrifugal cylinder can be turned by the aid of the stirring rod, so that moisture among the household garbage is exposed and treated, and the effect of separating the household garbage from the dry garbage and the wet garbage is further improved.

Furthermore, a wire mesh with fine meshes is arranged in the water filtering holes. The condition that tiny debris in the domestic waste flows away with the water under the effect of centrifugation can be avoided through the wire netting.

Further, still be equipped with the breaker in the box, the feed inlet of breaker is located the below of magnetic force belt direction of motion. The household garbage can be crushed and refined through the crusher, and the incineration effect of the household garbage can be improved.

The beneficial effect of this scheme: 1. the device realizes the dry-wet separation of the household garbage, and can also classify the metals and the nonmetals in the household garbage, thereby reducing the energy required by the household garbage incineration and reducing the environmental pollution; 2. the device can quantitatively treat the household garbage, thereby improving the pretreatment effect; 3. the device can utilize high-temperature hot gas generated by burning the household garbage to dry the household garbage, and the effective utilization of energy is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a domestic garbage pretreatment device according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a box body 1, a feed hopper 2, a first motor 3, a second motor 4, a triangular bracket 5, a first rotating shaft 6, a first coupler 7, a packing auger blade 8, a stirring rod 9, a second rotating shaft 10, a second coupler 11, a fixed frame 12, a centrifugal cylinder 13, a baffle 14, a water filtering plate 15, a drain pipe 16, a fourth rotating shaft 17, a rotating plate 18, a third rotating shaft 19, a magnetic belt 20, a stop lever 21, a metal recovery box 22, a conveying belt 23, an air inlet pipeline 24, a blower 25, a shell 26, a roller 27 and a garbage recovery box 28.

Examples

Substantially as shown in figure 1: the utility model provides a domestic waste preprocessing device, includes inside hollow box 1, and it has the feed inlet to open on the left side at box 1 top, and the welding has trapezoidal feeder hopper 2 on the feed inlet. First motor 3 and second motor 4 are installed to the left and right sides symmetry on the upper portion of box 1, and first motor 3 and second motor 4 all adopt three-phase asynchronous machine, and the equal bolted connection in bottom of first motor 3 and the bottom of second motor 4 has A-frame 5, and A-frame 5 welds on the left side wall of box 1. The output shaft of the first motor 3 is coaxially connected with a first rotating shaft 6, the right end of which penetrates through the left side wall of the box body 1, a first coupler 7 is connected between the first rotating shaft 6 and the first motor 3, and the first rotating shaft 6 is wrapped with a packing auger blade 8, the left end of which is positioned right below the feeding hole. A plurality of stirring rods 9 are also distributed on the first rotating shaft 6 at equal intervals, and one ends of the stirring rods 9 are spot-welded in the blank area of the auger blades 8.

A triangular support 5 at the bottom of a second motor 4 is welded on the right side wall of a box body 1, an output shaft of the second motor 4 is coaxially connected with a second rotating shaft 10 of which the left end penetrates through the side edge of the box body 1, a second coupling 11 is connected between the second rotating shaft 10 and the second motor 4, a fixing frame 12 in a cross shape is arranged at the left end of the second rotating shaft 10, centrifugal cylinders 13 with left and right openings are welded on four corners of the fixing frame 12 together, the centrifugal cylinders 13 are coated outside auger blades 8, a gap is reserved between the hollow interior of the centrifugal cylinders 13 and the auger blades 8, a plurality of water filtering holes penetrating through the side wall of the centrifugal cylinders 13 are formed in the centrifugal cylinders 13, and fine wire meshes are welded in the water filtering holes. An arc-shaped baffle 14 is arranged between the centrifugal cylinder 13 and the inner wall of the box body 1, the baffle 14 is positioned right below the feeding hole, the left end of the baffle 14 is welded on the inner wall of the box body 1, the right end of the baffle 14 is attached to the left end of the centrifugal cylinder 13, and the baffle 14 connects the left end of the centrifugal cylinder 13 with the feeding hole, so that domestic garbage thrown into the feeding hole directly slides into the centrifugal cylinder 13.

The box body 1 below the centrifugal cylinder 13 is also welded with an obliquely arranged water filtering plate 15, the water filtering plate 15 divides the interior of the box body 1 into an upper area and a lower area, the box body 1 at the left end of the water filtering plate 15 is also communicated with a water discharging pipe 16, the right side of the water filtering plate 15 is tightly attached with a fourth rotating shaft 17 which is rotatably connected in the box body 1, the rear side of the fourth rotating shaft 17 is wrapped with a torsion spring, the fourth rotating shaft 17 is hinged with a rotating plate 18, and the right end of the rotating plate 18 is attached to the inner wall of the box body 1; two pairs of third rotating shaft groups which are arranged up and down are arranged on the inner wall of the box body 1 right below the rotating plate 18, each pair of third rotating shaft groups comprises two third rotating shafts 19 which are arranged at intervals and are rotatably connected between the inner walls of the box body 1, a magnetic belt 20 is wrapped between the two third rotating shafts 19 of each pair, a blocking rod 21 which is abutted against the bottom of the magnetic belt 20 is welded in the box body 1 below each magnetic belt 20, the blocking rod 21 adopts a cylindrical bamboo rod, a metal recovery box 22 is also arranged at the bottom of the box body 1 right below the two blocking rods 21, a transmission belt is connected between the two third rotating shafts 19 at the adjacent end of the two pairs of third rotating shaft groups, and the kinetic energy of a third motor can be reasonably utilized by virtue of the transmission belt 23, so that the third motor can simultaneously drive the two pairs of third rotating; and the end 19 of the third rotating shaft positioned at the upper side is coaxially connected with a third motor, the bottom of the third motor is in bolted connection with a triangular bracket 5 which is the same as the bottom of the first motor 3, the triangular bracket 5 is welded on the same inner wall, and a third coupler is connected between the output shaft of the third motor and the third rotating shaft 19.

The upper part of the right side of the box body 1 is also communicated with an air inlet pipeline 24, the air inlet pipeline 24 is connected with a blower 25, the blower 25 is connected to the top of the box body 1 through bolts, and an air inlet of the blower 25 is connected with a high-temperature airflow pipeline after the household garbage is incinerated; the high-temperature air flow generated in the incineration process of the household garbage can be introduced into the centrifugal cylinder 13 by the blower 25, so that the household garbage can be dried.

Breaker in box 1, the breaker includes inside cavity and upper and lower open-ended casing 26, casing 26 welds on the inner wall of box 1, casing 26's top is located on magnetic belt 20 domestic waste's the movement track, the casing 26 internal rotation is connected with the pair roller, the rear end coaxial coupling of left running roller 27 has the fourth motor, the bottom bolted connection of fourth motor has the tripod 5 the same with first motor 3 bottoms, the welding of tripod 5 is on the inner wall of box 1, rubbish collection box 28 has been placed to casing 26's bottom. The left and right side walls of the box body 1 are provided with entrances and exits for workers to enter and exit so as to clean objects in the metal recycling box 22 and the garbage recycling box 28 in time.

The working principle of the scheme is as follows: when the household garbage is pretreated, the first motor 3, the second motor 4, the third motor, the fourth motor and the blower 25 are started for the first time, the rotating directions of the first motor 3 and the second motor 4 are opposite, and high-temperature airflow generated in the garbage incineration process can be continuously introduced into the box body 1 after the blower 25 is started, so that water on the household garbage can be dried, and the effective utilization of energy is realized; then the household garbage is put into the feed hopper 2, the household garbage can completely and directly slide into the centrifugal cylinder 13 under the action of the baffle 14, at the moment, the first motor 3 drives the first rotating shaft 6 to rotate through the first coupler 7, the auger blade 8 pushes the household garbage to move in the centrifugal cylinder 13, and the second motor 4 drives the fixing frame 12, the second rotating shaft 10 and the centrifugal cylinder 13 to rotate through the second coupler 11, so that the centrifugal cylinder 13 generates centrifugal force to throw out water in the household garbage, the water thrown out of the centrifugal cylinder 13 finally drops on the water filtering plate 15 through the water filtering holes and flows out of the box body 1 from the water draining pipe 16 along the water filtering plate 15, the effect of dry-wet separation is realized, and the energy required by household garbage incineration can be reduced; and the wire netting in the drainage hole can effectively avoid the condition that tiny domestic garbage is thrown out along with the water flow.

In the process that the first rotating shaft 6 rotates, the first rotating shaft 6 can also drive the stirring rod 9 to rotate, so that the household garbage in the centrifugal cylinder 13 is turned over by the stirring rod 9, water among the household garbage is exposed, and the effect of dry-wet separation is further improved. When the domestic garbage in the centrifugal cylinder 13 moves to the right side of the centrifugal cylinder 13, the domestic garbage falls on the rotating plate 18, after the domestic garbage on the rotating plate 18 is stacked to a certain weight, the rotating plate 18 rotates under the action of the gravity of the domestic garbage, at the moment, the torsion spring is in a torsion state, and the domestic garbage on the rotating plate 18 falls on the magnetic belt 20, so that quantitative classification is realized. When the domestic garbage falls from the rotating plate 18, the rotating plate 18 is reset by the third rotating shaft 19 and the restoring force of the torsion spring.

When domestic waste falls on magnetic belt 20, magnetic belt 20 conveys domestic waste to the breaker in under the combined action of third motor, third shaft coupling and third axis of rotation 19, the magnetic substance among the domestic waste is then adsorbed by magnetic belt 20, when the magnetic substance on magnetic belt 20 removed to shelves pole 21 department, the magnetic substance was blockked and dropped in metal recycling bin 22, thereby realized domestic waste's categorised recovery and processing, be favorable to domestic waste's utilization and burning, and reduced environmental pollution. With the help of the absorption and the conveying of two magnetic force belts 20, can improve the categorised effect of domestic waste, after magnetic force belt 20 throws domestic waste into casing 26 in, the pair roller in casing 26 is then broken domestic waste under the drive of fourth motor to can improve domestic waste's incineration efficiency, and the domestic waste after the breakage directly drops in rubbish collection box 28, realized domestic waste's recovery.

The foregoing are merely examples of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and/or features of the schemes has not been described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a domestic waste preprocessing device which characterized in that: the centrifugal water filter comprises a box body, wherein a feed port is arranged on the box body, a first motor and a second motor are symmetrically arranged on the upper portion of the box body, a first rotating shaft with one end penetrating through the side wall of the box body is connected to an output shaft of the first motor, an auger blade with one end positioned right below the feed port is wrapped on the first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft with one end penetrating through the side edge of the box body is connected to an output shaft of the second motor, a centrifugal cylinder wrapped outside the auger blade is arranged on the second rotating shaft, a plurality of water filtering holes are formed in the centrifugal cylinder, an arc-shaped baffle is arranged between the centrifugal cylinder and the inner wall of the box body and positioned right below the feed port, a water filtering plate which is obliquely arranged is further arranged below the centrifugal cylinder, and a drain pipe is further communicated; the box of the below of drainage board rotates in and is connected with the third axis of rotation that two intervals set up, two the cladding has the magnetic force belt between the third axis of rotation, the box of magnetic force belt below is internal to be fixed with the shelves pole that offsets bottom the magnetic force belt, arbitrary the one end of third axis of rotation is connected with the third motor, the magnetic force belt is located the centrifuge tube and keeps away from under feed inlet one end.

2. The domestic waste pretreatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the upper portion of box still is equipped with the admission line, be connected with the forced draught blower on the admission line.

3. The domestic waste pretreatment apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the box internal rotation on centrifuge bowl right side is connected with the fourth axis of rotation, the one end cladding of fourth axis of rotation has the torsional spring, be equipped with the rotor plate in the fourth axis of rotation, the free end of rotor plate is laminated with the lateral wall of box mutually.

4. The domestic waste pretreatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: stirring rods are distributed on the first rotating shaft at equal intervals and are arranged in the blank area of the auger blades.

5. The domestic waste pretreatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: and a wire mesh with fine meshes is arranged in the water filtering holes.

6. The domestic waste pretreatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: a crusher is further arranged in the box body, and a feed inlet of the crusher is located below the movement direction of the magnetic belt.