CN102671854A - Two-section drum screen for municipal domestic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-stage trommel screen used for municipal domestic waste, which comprises a fixed frame, a trommel mounted on the fixed frame and a trommel driving device; the trommel comprises a trommel inlet section and a drum connected to each other Screen outlet section; the feeding port is installed at the entrance of the trommel screen entrance section, and an underscreen material collection device is provided under the trommel screen; several sieve holes are arranged in the circumferential direction of the trommel screen entrance section and the trommel exit section, and the trommel screen A number of bag-breaking knives are installed on the inner wall of the inlet section, and a knife cleaning device matching the bag-breaking knives is provided in the inlet section of the drum screen; a cleaning hole for cleaning the sieve holes is provided on the outer circumference of the inlet section of the drum screen and the outlet section of the drum screen Device; the inner wall of the circumference of the trommel exit section is equipped with a number of long strip hanging devices, and three rows of hanging needle chains are installed in the trommel exit section. The invention can effectively achieve the functions of screening, breaking bags and collecting long strips, and creates favorable conditions for the classification and resource utilization of urban domestic garbage.

Description

A two-stage drum screen for municipal solid waste

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of resources, in particular to a two-stage drum screen used for municipal solid waste.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the country's economy, the amount of municipal solid waste has increased dramatically. In 2010, the national municipal solid waste removal volume reached 150 million tons, and the landfill and storage of waste occupied more than 800,000 mu of land. Two-thirds of the large and medium-sized cities in the country were surrounded by waste, and one-fourth of the cities had no suitable facilities. It is difficult to select the location and construction of new garbage dumps. It is estimated that by 2020, the national municipal solid waste removal volume will reach 250 million tons, and the problem of waste disposal is imminent.

Currently, landfill, incineration and composting are the main methods of waste disposal in my country. Landfills are prone to produce landfill gas rich in CH ₄ , causing explosions, and a large amount of landfill leachate, which contains heavy metals, toxic and harmful organic chemical pollutants, and a large number of viral pathogens. The highly toxic carcinogen "dioxin" is easily produced during the waste incineration process, which is difficult to monitor online and has a serious cumulative effect. The incineration method is facing great public pressure. Developed countries such as the United States and Japan have continued to shut down waste incineration power plants. In the composting method, due to poor classification of garbage, plastic, iron, glass, etc. remain in the raw materials for fertilizer making, making the fertilizer unclean and causing soil pollution. Landfill, incineration and composting methods cannot completely realize the harmlessness, resource utilization and reduction of waste disposal.

Municipal solid waste sorting and comprehensive utilization technology uses mechanical methods to efficiently sort out different components of garbage, and implements different resource utilization methods for different sorted substances. Garbage sorting and comprehensive utilization technology effectively integrates domestic waste sorting technology and waste resource utilization methods such as incineration and composting, and can achieve thorough waste reduction, resource utilization and harmless treatment.

my country's waste sorting and comprehensive utilization technology started late, and the level of equipment and technology is low. In terms of domestic waste resource utilization, waste screening is an essential process in the treatment process, and equipment suitable for domestic waste screening usually uses cylindrical drum screens. Due to the complex composition of domestic waste in my country, most of which are plastic and kitchen waste, domestic waste sorting equipment abroad cannot be well adapted to the sorting of domestic waste in my country, and the existing drum screening equipment in my country has the following problems: insufficient:

(1) The trommel screen can only perform the basic screening function, and cannot realize the function of breaking bags;

(2) The trommel screen did not effectively sort the plastics in municipal solid waste, which brought difficulties to the subsequent sorting and resource utilization.

In view of the above factors that restrict the resource utilization of domestic waste in our country, some equipment that can be used for sorting domestic waste in our country is still under development.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing trommel screen can only perform the screening function, and provides a two-stage multifunctional trommel screen with a novel structure and high processing efficiency, which realizes screening, bag breaking, and elongated objects And functions such as collecting long strips.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A two-stage drum screen for municipal solid waste, comprising a fixed frame, a drum screen mounted on the fixed frame, and a drum screen driving device; the drum screen includes a drum screen inlet section and a drum screen outlet section connected to each other; The feeding port is installed at the entrance of the trommel inlet section, and an undersize collection device is installed under the trommel screen; several sieve holes are arranged in the circumferential direction of the trommel inlet section and the trommel outlet section, and the inner wall of the trommel inlet section circumference A number of bag-breaking knives are installed, and a knife-cleaning device matching the bag-breaking knives is provided in the entrance section of the trommel screen; a hole-cleaning device for cleaning the sieve holes is provided on the outer circumference of the entrance section of the trommel screen and the exit section of the trommel screen; The inner wall of the outlet section is equipped with a number of hanging devices for long strips, and a long strip collection device consisting of three rows of needle chains is installed in the exit section of the trommel screen.

Preferably, the angle between the drum screen and the horizontal direction is 3°-8°.

Preferably, the shape of the bag breaking knife is a quadrangular pyramid, one side of which is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bag breaking knife.

Preferably, the bag breaking knife is welded on the steel plate, and the steel plate is installed on the inner wall circumference of the entrance section of the trommel in an embedded manner.

Preferably, the knife cleaning device is fixed on the disc, and its rotation direction is opposite to that of the bag breaking knife.

Preferably, the three rows of hanging needle chains include the first hanging needle chain, the second hanging needle chain and the third hanging needle chain; needle; the distance between the first hanging needle chain and the second hanging needle chain is 0.1D, and the distance between the second hanging needle chain and the third hanging needle chain is 0.12D respectively; the first hanging needle chain and the second hanging needle chain are located on the drum On one side of the screen center, the third hanging pin chain is located on the other side of the drum screen center; the third hanging pin chain is 0.07D away from the center of the drum; the length of the hanging pin is 0.25D, where D is the diameter of the drum screen.

Compared with the prior art, a two-stage trommel screen for municipal solid waste according to the present invention has the advantages of:

(1) A two-stage trommel screen used for municipal solid waste according to the present invention organically combines the traditional bag breaking knife used alone with the large strip hanging and collecting device, and realizes bag breaking, hanging and hanging And the function of collecting long pieces realizes the sorting and recycling of plastic waste.

(2) The shape of a two-stage trommel bag-breaking knife for municipal solid waste according to the present invention is a quadrangular pyramid, one side of which is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bag-breaking knife, which improves the bag-breaking efficiency of the bag-breaking knife .

(3) A long object collection device for a two-stage drum screen used for municipal solid waste according to the present invention consists of three rows of needle chains: the first needle chain, the second needle chain and the third needle chain Composition, hanging pins are installed on each hanging pin chain. Since domestic garbage falls in a parabolic shape, by calculation, three rows of needle chains are used, and the distances between the first chain and the second chain, the second chain and the third chain are 0.1D and 0.12 respectively. D. The first pin chain and the second pin chain are located on one side of the center of the drum screen, and the third pin chain is located on the other side of the center of the drum screen; the third pin chain is 0.07D away from the center of the drum, and the length of the pin is 0.25D , where D is the drum diameter. Arranged according to this, the collecting efficiency of the strip collecting device is the highest, and the economic effect is the best.

To sum up, the two-stage trommel screen can effectively achieve the functions of screening, breaking bags, and collecting long strips, creating favorable conditions for the classification and resource utilization of municipal solid waste.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a two-stage trommel screen.

Fig. 2 is an axial sectional view of the inlet section of the two-stage trommel screen.

Fig. 3 is an axial sectional view of the outlet section of the two-stage trommel screen.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a two-stage trommel bag breaking knife.

Fig. 5 is a left side view of Fig. 4 .

In the figure, 1, drum screen entrance section; 101, screen hole; 102, bag breaking knife; 103, knife cleaning device; 104, threaded hole; 105, steel plate; 2, feeding port; 3, household garbage; 4, drum Sieve driving device; 5. Exit section of trommel screen; 501. Strip hanging device; 502, 503, 504, hanging pin chain; 6. Hole cleaning device; 7. Undersieve collecting device; 8. Fixed frame.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, a two-stage trommel screen for municipal solid waste of the present invention comprises a fixed frame 8, a trommel screen mounted on the fixed frame 8 and a trommel drive device 4; The screen includes a trommel inlet section 1 and a trommel outlet section 5 connected to each other; the feeding port 2 is installed at the entrance of the trommel inlet section 1, and an undersize collection device 7 is provided under the trommel; the trommel inlet section 1 Several sieve holes 101 are arranged on the circumferential direction of the trommel outlet section 5, and a number of bag-breaking knives 102 are installed on the circumferential inner wall of the trommel inlet section 1. Knife cleaning device 103; the outer periphery of the trommel inlet section 1 and the trommel outlet section 5 is provided with a cleaning device 6 for cleaning the sieve holes 101; the inner wall of the trommel outlet section 5 circumference is equipped with a number of strip hanging devices 501, A long object collecting device composed of three rows of hanging pin chains 502, 503, 504 is installed in the screen outlet section 5. The angle β between the drum screen and the horizontal direction is 3°~8°. The bag-breaking knife 102 is welded on the steel plate 105, and is installed on the inner wall circumference of the trommel inlet section 1 in an embedded manner. When disassembling, the steel plate 105 welded with the bag-breaking knife 102 is jacked up by a screw through the threaded hole 104, and the bag-breaking knife 102 is welded from one end. The steel plate 105 is pulled out for disassembly.

Household waste is transported by the material conveyor to the front section of the two-stage drum screen that reaches a certain speed. Domestic garbage entering the trommel screen rotates with the trommel screen. When the domestic waste rotates to a certain height, the domestic waste is thrown out with a parabolic trajectory and falls back to the bottom of the screen. This process is repeated, so that the domestic waste reaches a state of continuous tumbling in the drum. In the process of continuous tumbling, the material whose particle size is smaller than the sieve hole diameter will pass through the sieve hole and fall into the under-sieve collection device, and the material whose particle size is larger than the sieve hole diameter will be discharged from the outlet at the lower end of the sieve cylinder along the wall of the cylinder, so as to realize the sieving process. points function. When domestic waste is thrown up and falls to the bottom of the drum screen, the bag breaking knife installed in the front section of the screen drum will penetrate into the plastic bags, clothes and other materials, and then through the extrusion and tearing of other materials, the plastic bags, clothes, etc. The material is scratched, so as to realize the function of breaking bags and clothes. The broken plastic bags, clothes, etc. enter the rear section of the two-stage drum screen with the rotation of the drum screen. A long object hanging device is installed in the circumferential direction of the cylinder wall of the rear section of the drum screen, and a long object collecting device is installed on the central attachment. The broken plastic bags and clothes will be picked up by the long object hanging device during the process of rotating with the drum sieve. After reaching a certain height, they will slide down, fall to the long object collecting device, and be transported out of the drum, thus realizing The function of collecting broken bags and long strips is improved. In order to prevent the sieve holes from being clogged by household garbage with high water content, a sieve hole cleaning device is installed on the outer wall of the sieve cylinder. The hole cleaning device cooperates with the sieve hole. When the sieve hole is transferred to the hole cleaning device, the hole cleaning device will clean the sieve hole, so as to realize the hole cleaning function.

The working process of the two-stage trommel screen of the present invention is as follows: firstly, municipal solid waste enters the inlet section 1 of the two-stage multi-functional trommel screen which reaches a certain speed through the feed port 2 . The municipal solid waste entering the entrance section 1 of the trommel screen rotates together with the trommel screen. When the domestic waste reaches a certain height, the domestic waste is thrown out with a parabolic trajectory and falls back to the bottom of the screen. Repeat this process to make the domestic waste It is in a state of continuous tumbling in the drum. In the process of continuous tumbling, domestic garbage with a particle size smaller than the diameter of the sieve hole passes through the sieve hole 101, falls into the undersize collection device 7, and is collected and transported; The outlet section 5 is discharged, so as to realize the screening function of materials with different particle sizes. When domestic garbage is thrown up and falls to the bottom of the drum screen, the bag breaking knife 102 installed on the inner wall circumference of the drum screen inlet section 1 will penetrate into plastic bags, fabrics and other materials, and then squeeze and tear other materials, Cut plastic bags, clothing and other materials, so as to realize the function of breaking bags and fabrics. The shape of the bag breaking knife 102 is a quadrangular pyramid, and one side thereof is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bag breaking knife. The broken plastic bags, fabrics, etc. enter the trommel outlet section 5 along with the rotation of the trommel. A long object hanging device 501 is installed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the trommel outlet section 5 , and a long article collection device composed of hanging pin chains 502 , 503 , and 504 is also installed inside the trommel outlet section 5 . The hanging pin chain includes a moving part and a fixed part; a number of hanging pins are installed on the moving part, and the fixed part guides the moving part. The broken plastic bags and fabrics will be picked up by the long object hanging device 501 in the process of rotating with the drum screen, and will slide down to the long object collecting device after reaching a certain height. Hanging pins of limited width so that only softer slivers are hung on the slivers collector. The plastic hanging on the long strip collecting device is conveyed to the outside of the drum, thereby realizing the collection and conveyance function of long strips. In order to prevent the bag breaking knife 102 from being entangled by plastic substances during the bag breaking process, a knife cleaning device 103 for cleaning the bag breaking knife is installed on the inner wall of the drum screen. The knife cleaning device 103 is a disc equipped with a scraper. On the knife cleaning device 103, two scrapers cooperate with a bag-breaking knife 102, and the two scrapers are respectively located on both sides of a bag-breaking knife 102, and the rotation direction of the scraping knife and the bag-breaking knife 102 is opposite. When the bag breaking knife 102 rotates to the scraper position of the knife cleaning device 103, the scrapers on both sides of the bag breaking knife will clean up the plastic waste wrapped around the bag breaking knife, thereby realizing the knife cleaning function. In order to prevent the sieve holes 101 from being clogged by household garbage with a high water content, a sieve hole cleaning device 6 is installed on the outer wall of the sieve cylinder. The hole cleaning device 6 cooperates with the sieve holes. The device 6 cleans the sieve holes, so as to realize the hole cleaning function; the hole cleaning device 6 can choose a cleaning device such as a hair brush.

Claims (6)

1. A two-stage trommel screen for municipal solid waste, characterized in that it includes a fixed frame, a trommel mounted on the fixed frame, and a trommel driving device (4); The trommel screen includes the trommel inlet section (1) and the trommel outlet section (5) which are connected to each other; the feeding port (2) is installed at the entrance of the trommel inlet section (1), and the undersize is provided under the trommel screen collection device (7); A number of screen holes (101) are arranged in the circumferential direction of the trommel inlet section (1) and the trommel outlet section (5). Several bag breaking knives (102) are installed on the inner wall of the trommel inlet section (1). The section (1) is equipped with a knife cleaning device (103) matched with the bag breaking knife (102); A hole cleaning device (6) for cleaning the screen holes (101) is provided on the outer periphery of the trommel inlet section (1) and the trommel outlet section (5); There are a number of hanging devices (501) installed on the inner wall of the drum screen outlet section (5), and three rows of needle chains (502, 503, 504) are installed in the drum screen outlet section (5) to collect the long items. device. 2. The two-stage trommel screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle between the trommel screen and the horizontal direction is 3°~8°. 3. The two-stage drum sieve according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the bag breaking knife (102) is a square pyramid, and one side thereof is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bag breaking knife. 4. The two-stage drum screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bag breaking knife (102) is welded on the steel plate (105), and the steel plate (105) is installed in the inlet section (1) of the drum screen in an embedded manner on the inner wall circumference. 5. The two-stage trommel screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the knife cleaning device (103) is fixed on the disc, and its rotation direction is opposite to that of the bag breaking knife (102). 6. The two-stage drum screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three rows of pin chains include the first pin chain (504), the second pin chain (503) and the third pin chain (502 ); the first hanging pin chain (504), the second hanging pin chain (503) and the third hanging pin chain (502) are equipped with several hanging pins; the first hanging pin chain (504) and the second hanging pin chain The spacing of (503) is 0.1D, the spacing of the second hanging needle chain (503) and the third hanging needle chain (502) is respectively 0.12D; the first hanging needle chain (504) and the second hanging needle chain (503) Located on one side of the drum screen center, the third pin chain (502) is located on the other side of the drum screen center; the third pin chain (502) deviates from the drum center by 0.07D; the pin length is 0.25D, where D is the diameter of the drum screen .

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