CN111088503A - Surface treatment process for aluminum product - Google Patents
Surface treatment process for aluminum product Download PDFInfo
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- CN111088503A CN111088503A CN201911426080.6A CN201911426080A CN111088503A CN 111088503 A CN111088503 A CN 111088503A CN 201911426080 A CN201911426080 A CN 201911426080A CN 111088503 A CN111088503 A CN 111088503A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/22—Light metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/20—Electrolytic after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
- C25F3/18—Polishing of light metals
- C25F3/20—Polishing of light metals of aluminium
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a surface treatment process of an aluminum product, which relates to the technical field of aluminum product processing and comprises the following steps: the aluminum product cleaning method comprises the steps of cleaning an aluminum product, drying cleaning liquid, removing oil from the surface of the aluminum product, drying oil removing liquid, mechanically polishing, oxidizing the aluminum product, cleaning strong acid solution, drying treatment, electropolishing and cleaning and drying, wherein in the process of removing oil from the surface of the aluminum product, a surfactant AS is added in the oil removing liquid, the surfactant AS has unique physical and chemical properties, the surface tension of the aluminum product can be reduced, emulsification, compatibilization foaming and good chemical stability for alkali and hard water are achieved, on the one hand, the oil removal purification efficiency can be improved, on the other hand, the damage to the environment can be reduced, the whole aluminum product surface treatment process is more environment-friendly, electroplating and polishing treatment operations are added, the treated aluminum product is higher in glossiness and smoother, the attractiveness of the product is improved, and the aluminum product cleaning method is generally suitable for enterprises of various scales.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum product processing, in particular to a surface treatment process of an aluminum product.
Background
The aluminum and the aluminum alloy have a series of advantages of small density, high strength, low cost, good corrosion resistance, good formability and the like, and are widely applied to the fields of automobiles, buildings, fire-fighting equipment, bridges and the like. However, the surface of the aluminum and the aluminum alloy is covered with a layer of oxide film, the oxide film is easy to be corroded by strong acid and strong alkali, intergranular corrosion is easy to generate, the surface hardness is low, and the aluminum alloy are not wear-resistant; therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, the surface of aluminum and aluminum alloy workpieces is generally treated.
Chinese patent discloses a surface treatment process of an aluminum product (publication No. CN107460519A), the technical content of which includes S1, oil removal process: putting the aluminum product into an alkaline solution for deoiling for 20-30S, and then cleaning once by using clear water; s2, grinding: pouring a plurality of silica particles into a grinding chamber of an industrial vibration grinding machine to form a silica particle pile, pouring clear water into the grinding chamber of the industrial vibration grinding machine, wherein the poured clear water is over the silica particle pile, and finally pouring the aluminum product treated by the oil removing procedure into the grinding chamber of the industrial vibration grinding machine; the surface treatment process of the aluminum product comprises the step of pouring the aluminum product after the oil removing process into an industrial vibration grinding machine containing silica particles for grinding, wherein the silica particles can grind burrs on the surface of the aluminum product on one hand, and silicon dioxide in the silica particles can neutralize an alkaline solution on the other hand, so that the aluminum product does not need to be neutralized by adding an acidic solution after the oil removing process of the alkaline solution.
In the above patent and the prior art, in the process of surface treatment of aluminum products, alkaline solution is used for treatment in the process of degreasing the surface of aluminum products, and this method has the defects that sewage after degreasing has high treatment components and poor treatment effect, and pollutes the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a surface treatment process of an aluminum product, which solves the problems that in the prior art, alkaline solution is adopted for treatment in the process of deoiling the surface of the aluminum product, and the method has the defects that sewage after deoiling is high in treatment component, poor in treatment effect and capable of polluting the environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a surface treatment process of an aluminum product comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning of aluminum products: taking an aluminum product to be subjected to surface treatment, and placing the aluminum product into an ultrasonic cleaning machine containing cleaning fluid;
s2, drying the cleaning solution: transferring the aluminum product cleaned by the ultrasonic wave in the step S1 to a drying device, and removing residual cleaning solution molecules attached to the surface of the aluminum product;
s3, removing oil on the surface of the aluminum product, comprising the following substeps:
A. preparing deoiling liquid: adding 0.1-0.4g of surfactant AS into 8-10% by mass of sodium hydroxide solution, and stirring at 80-90 deg.C to mix thoroughly;
B. ultrasonic oil removal: adding the degreasing liquid configured in the substep A into the ultrasonic cleaner in the step S1, and putting the dried aluminum product in the step S2 into the ultrasonic cleaner, wherein the cleaning time lasts at least 30 min;
s4, drying deoiling liquid: transferring the aluminum product subjected to oil removal treatment in the substep B to drying equipment in a step S2, and removing residual deoiling liquid molecules attached to the surface of the aluminum product;
s5, mechanical polishing: polishing the dried aluminum product obtained in the step S4 by using an angle grinder;
s6, oxidizing an aluminum product: putting the aluminum product subjected to the mechanical polishing treatment in the step S5 into a container containing strong acid solution, and allowing the aluminum product and the strong acid to generate oxidation reaction to generate a layer of oxidation film on the surface of the aluminum product;
s7, washing with strong acid solution: placing the aluminum product subjected to oxidation treatment in the step S6 in a flowing water source, and repeatedly washing for 3-5 min;
s8, drying: transferring the aluminum product washed in the step S7 to drying equipment to remove water molecules on the surface of the aluminum product;
s9, electrolytic polishing: putting the aluminum product dried in the step S8 into a polishing pool containing electrolyte to improve the surface glossiness of the aluminum product;
s10, cleaning and drying: and (5) placing the aluminum product subjected to electrolytic polishing in the step (S9) in a flowing water source, repeatedly washing for 3-5min, transferring to drying equipment after washing, and removing water molecules on the surface of the aluminum product to obtain the finished product of the aluminum product.
Preferably, in step S1, the cleaning solution is deionized water, the deionized water is added in an amount that the entire aluminum product needs to be immersed, and the cleaning time of the ultrasonic cleaning machine on the aluminum product lasts at least 20 min.
Preferably, in the step S2, the temperature of the drying device is controlled to be 110-.
Preferably, the strong acid used in the oxidation process of the aluminum product in step S6 is one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid.
Preferably, the electrolyte in step S9 is prepared from phosphorus, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of phosphorus, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and ethanol is 1:1:0.3: 0.5.
Preferably, the oil removing liquid in the sub-step A needs to be stirred in one direction during the configuration process and the stirring operation.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a surface treatment process of an aluminum product. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
1. this surface treatment process of aluminum product through at the in-process of aluminum product surface deoiling treatment, adds surfactant AS in deoiling liquid, and this surfactant AS has unique physicochemical property, can reduce the surface tension of aluminum product, and emulsification, increase-volume are foamed and have good chemical stability to alkali and hard water, can improve deoiling purification efficiency on the one hand, and on the other hand can reduce the destruction to the environment, lets the environmental protection that whole aluminum product surface treatment process is more.
2. This surface treatment process of aluminum product is through adding electroplating polishing processing operation for the aluminum product after the processing compares with the aluminum product that traditional mode was handled, and the glossiness is higher, and is more smooth, has improved the aesthetic property of product, and the electroplating polishing processing cost that adds is lower, and the enterprise that generally is applicable to all kinds of scales uses.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides three technical solutions:
example 1
A surface treatment process of an aluminum product comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning of aluminum products: taking an aluminum product to be subjected to surface treatment, and placing the aluminum product into an ultrasonic cleaning machine containing cleaning fluid;
s2, drying the cleaning solution: transferring the aluminum product cleaned by the ultrasonic wave in the step S1 to a drying device, and removing residual cleaning solution molecules attached to the surface of the aluminum product;
s3, removing oil on the surface of the aluminum product, comprising the following substeps:
A. preparing deoiling liquid: adding 0.4g of surfactant AS into 10% by mass of sodium hydroxide solution, and stirring the mixture at 90 ℃ until the mixture is fully mixed;
B. ultrasonic oil removal: adding the degreasing liquid configured in the substep A into the ultrasonic cleaner in the step S1, and putting the dried aluminum product in the step S2 into the ultrasonic cleaner, wherein the cleaning time lasts at least 30 min;
s4, drying deoiling liquid: transferring the aluminum product subjected to oil removal treatment in the substep B to drying equipment in a step S2, and removing residual deoiling liquid molecules attached to the surface of the aluminum product;
s5, mechanical polishing: polishing the dried aluminum product obtained in the step S4 by using an angle grinder;
s6, oxidizing an aluminum product: putting the aluminum product subjected to the mechanical polishing treatment in the step S5 into a container containing strong acid solution, and allowing the aluminum product and the strong acid to generate oxidation reaction to generate a layer of oxidation film on the surface of the aluminum product;
s7, washing with strong acid solution: placing the aluminum product subjected to oxidation treatment in the step S6 in a flowing water source, and repeatedly washing for 5 min;
s8, drying: transferring the aluminum product washed in the step S7 to drying equipment to remove water molecules on the surface of the aluminum product;
s9, electrolytic polishing: putting the aluminum product dried in the step S8 into a polishing pool containing electrolyte to improve the surface glossiness of the aluminum product;
s10, cleaning and drying: and (5) placing the aluminum product subjected to electrolytic polishing in the step (S9) in a flowing water source, repeatedly washing for 5min, transferring to drying equipment after washing, and removing water molecules on the surface of the aluminum product to obtain the finished product of the aluminum product.
Further, in step S1, the cleaning solution is deionized water, the adding amount of the deionized water needs to immerse the whole aluminum product, and the cleaning time of the ultrasonic cleaning machine on the aluminum product lasts at least 20 min.
Further, the temperature of the drying device is controlled to be 115 ℃ in step S2, 120 ℃ in step S4, and 90 ℃ in both steps S8 and S10.
Further, the strong acid used in the oxidation process of the aluminum product in step S6 is concentrated nitric acid.
Further, the electrolyte in step S9 is prepared from phosphorus, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of phosphorus, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and ethanol is 1:1:0.3: 0.5.
Furthermore, in the sub-step A, the oil removing liquid needs to be stirred in one direction during the configuration process.
Example 2
A surface treatment process of an aluminum product comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning of aluminum products: taking an aluminum product to be subjected to surface treatment, and placing the aluminum product into an ultrasonic cleaning machine containing cleaning fluid;
s2, drying the cleaning solution: transferring the aluminum product cleaned by the ultrasonic wave in the step S1 to a drying device, and removing residual cleaning solution molecules attached to the surface of the aluminum product;
s3, removing oil on the surface of the aluminum product, comprising the following substeps:
A. preparing deoiling liquid: adding 0.1g of surfactant AS into 8 mass percent sodium hydroxide solution, and stirring the mixture at the temperature of 80 ℃ until the mixture is fully mixed;
B. ultrasonic oil removal: adding the degreasing liquid configured in the substep A into the ultrasonic cleaner in the step S1, and putting the dried aluminum product in the step S2 into the ultrasonic cleaner, wherein the cleaning time lasts at least 30 min;
s4, drying deoiling liquid: transferring the aluminum product subjected to oil removal treatment in the substep B to drying equipment in a step S2, and removing residual deoiling liquid molecules attached to the surface of the aluminum product;
s5, mechanical polishing: polishing the dried aluminum product obtained in the step S4 by using an angle grinder;
s6, oxidizing an aluminum product: putting the aluminum product subjected to the mechanical polishing treatment in the step S5 into a container containing strong acid solution, and allowing the aluminum product and the strong acid to generate oxidation reaction to generate a layer of oxidation film on the surface of the aluminum product;
s7, washing with strong acid solution: placing the aluminum product subjected to oxidation treatment in the step S6 in a flowing water source, and repeatedly washing for 3 min;
s8, drying: transferring the aluminum product washed in the step S7 to drying equipment to remove water molecules on the surface of the aluminum product;
s9, electrolytic polishing: putting the aluminum product dried in the step S8 into a polishing pool containing electrolyte to improve the surface glossiness of the aluminum product;
s10, cleaning and drying: and (5) placing the aluminum product subjected to electrolytic polishing in the step (S9) in a flowing water source, repeatedly washing for 3min, transferring to drying equipment after washing, and removing water molecules on the surface of the aluminum product to obtain the finished product of the aluminum product.
Further, in step S1, the cleaning solution is deionized water, the adding amount of the deionized water needs to immerse the whole aluminum product, and the cleaning time of the ultrasonic cleaning machine on the aluminum product lasts at least 20 min.
Further, the temperature of the drying device is controlled to be 110 ℃ in step S2, 110 ℃ in step S4, and 80 ℃ in both steps S8 and S10.
Further, the strong acid used in the oxidation process of the aluminum product in step S6 is concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Further, the electrolyte in step S9 is prepared from phosphorus, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of phosphorus, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and ethanol is 1:1:0.3: 0.5.
Furthermore, in the sub-step A, the oil removing liquid needs to be stirred in one direction during the configuration process.
Example 3
A surface treatment process of an aluminum product comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning of aluminum products: taking an aluminum product to be subjected to surface treatment, and placing the aluminum product into an ultrasonic cleaning machine containing cleaning fluid;
s2, drying the cleaning solution: transferring the aluminum product cleaned by the ultrasonic wave in the step S1 to a drying device, and removing residual cleaning solution molecules attached to the surface of the aluminum product;
s3, removing oil on the surface of the aluminum product, comprising the following substeps:
A. preparing deoiling liquid: adding 0.3g of surfactant AS into 9% by mass of sodium hydroxide solution, and stirring at 85 ℃ until the mixture is fully mixed;
B. ultrasonic oil removal: adding the degreasing liquid configured in the substep A into the ultrasonic cleaner in the step S1, and putting the dried aluminum product in the step S2 into the ultrasonic cleaner, wherein the cleaning time lasts at least 30 min;
s4, drying deoiling liquid: transferring the aluminum product subjected to oil removal treatment in the substep B to drying equipment in a step S2, and removing residual deoiling liquid molecules attached to the surface of the aluminum product;
s5, mechanical polishing: polishing the dried aluminum product obtained in the step S4 by using an angle grinder;
s6, oxidizing an aluminum product: putting the aluminum product subjected to the mechanical polishing treatment in the step S5 into a container containing strong acid solution, and allowing the aluminum product and the strong acid to generate oxidation reaction to generate a layer of oxidation film on the surface of the aluminum product;
s7, washing with strong acid solution: placing the aluminum product subjected to oxidation treatment in the step S6 in a flowing water source, and repeatedly washing for 4 min;
s8, drying: transferring the aluminum product washed in the step S7 to drying equipment to remove water molecules on the surface of the aluminum product;
s9, electrolytic polishing: putting the aluminum product dried in the step S8 into a polishing pool containing electrolyte to improve the surface glossiness of the aluminum product;
s10, cleaning and drying: and (5) placing the aluminum product subjected to electrolytic polishing in the step (S9) in a flowing water source, repeatedly washing for 4min, transferring to drying equipment after washing, and removing water molecules on the surface of the aluminum product to obtain the finished product of the aluminum product.
Further, in step S1, the cleaning solution is deionized water, the adding amount of the deionized water needs to immerse the whole aluminum product, and the cleaning time of the ultrasonic cleaning machine on the aluminum product lasts at least 20 min.
Further, the temperature of the drying device is controlled to be 113 ℃ in step S2, 115 ℃ in step S4, and 85 ℃ in both steps S8 and S10.
Further, the strong acid used in the oxidation process of the aluminum product in step S6 is concentrated sulfuric acid.
Further, the electrolyte in step S9 is prepared from phosphorus, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of phosphorus, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and ethanol is 1:1:0.3: 0.5.
Furthermore, in the sub-step A, the oil removing liquid needs to be stirred in one direction during the configuration process.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The surface treatment process of the aluminum product is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, cleaning of aluminum products: taking an aluminum product to be subjected to surface treatment, and placing the aluminum product into an ultrasonic cleaning machine containing cleaning fluid;
s2, drying the cleaning solution: transferring the aluminum product cleaned by the ultrasonic wave in the step S1 to a drying device, and removing residual cleaning solution molecules attached to the surface of the aluminum product;
s3, removing oil on the surface of the aluminum product, comprising the following substeps:
A. preparing deoiling liquid: adding 0.1-0.4g of surfactant AS into 8-10% by mass of sodium hydroxide solution, and stirring at 80-90 deg.C to mix thoroughly;
B. ultrasonic oil removal: adding the degreasing liquid configured in the substep A into the ultrasonic cleaner in the step S1, and putting the dried aluminum product in the step S2 into the ultrasonic cleaner, wherein the cleaning time lasts at least 30 min;
s4, drying deoiling liquid: transferring the aluminum product subjected to oil removal treatment in the substep B to drying equipment in a step S2, and removing residual deoiling liquid molecules attached to the surface of the aluminum product;
s5, mechanical polishing: polishing the dried aluminum product obtained in the step S4 by using an angle grinder;
s6, oxidizing an aluminum product: putting the aluminum product subjected to the mechanical polishing treatment in the step S5 into a container containing strong acid solution, and allowing the aluminum product and the strong acid to generate oxidation reaction to generate a layer of oxidation film on the surface of the aluminum product;
s7, washing with strong acid solution: placing the aluminum product subjected to oxidation treatment in the step S6 in a flowing water source, and repeatedly washing for 3-5 min;
s8, drying: transferring the aluminum product washed in the step S7 to drying equipment to remove water molecules on the surface of the aluminum product;
s9, electrolytic polishing: putting the aluminum product dried in the step S8 into a polishing pool containing electrolyte to improve the surface glossiness of the aluminum product;
s10, cleaning and drying: and (5) placing the aluminum product subjected to electrolytic polishing in the step (S9) in a flowing water source, repeatedly washing for 3-5min, transferring to drying equipment after washing, and removing water molecules on the surface of the aluminum product to obtain the finished product of the aluminum product.
2. The surface treatment process of an aluminum product as recited in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the cleaning solution is deionized water, the deionized water is added in an amount to immerse the entire aluminum product, and the cleaning time of the ultrasonic cleaning machine for the aluminum product lasts at least 20 min.
3. The surface treatment process for aluminum products as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the drying equipment in step S2 is controlled to be 110-115 ℃, the temperature of the drying equipment in step S4 is controlled to be 110-120 ℃, and the temperatures of the drying equipment in steps S8 and S10 are controlled to be 80-90 ℃.
4. The surface treatment process of an aluminum product according to claim 1, wherein the strong acid used in the oxidation process of the aluminum product in the step S6 is one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid.
5. The surface treatment process of the aluminum product as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electrolyte in the step S9 is prepared from phosphorus, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of phosphorus, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and ethanol is 1:1:0.3: 0.5.
6. The surface treatment process of an aluminum product as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degreasing liquid in the substep A is stirred in one direction during the preparation process.
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| CN107699898A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽凤杰金属资源有限公司 | A kind of aluminum products surface with chemical polishing technology |
| CN107858743A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2018-03-30 | 日本轻金属株式会社 | The electrobrightening processing method of aluminium |
| CN109972184A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-07-05 | 浙江祥可铝塑包装有限公司 | A kind of aluminium lid oxidation technology |
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| CN1152632A (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1997-06-25 | 周国桢 | One stage method pretreating liquid for aluminium material oxidation pretreatment |
| CN1412352A (en) * | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-23 | Wkw艾尔伯斯略自动化股份有限公司 | Method and application for aluminium electrolytic polishing |
| US20060049059A1 (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-09 | Chuen-Guang Chao | Method of manufacturing aluminum oxide film with arrayed nanometric pores |
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| CN107858743A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2018-03-30 | 日本轻金属株式会社 | The electrobrightening processing method of aluminium |
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