CN111077151A - Atomic spin multi-channel detection method and device based on spatial light modulator - Google Patents
Atomic spin multi-channel detection method and device based on spatial light modulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A spatial light modulator is arranged between an atom sensing module and a second Glan Taylor prism to realize the multichannel detection method and the multichannel detection device based on the atomic spin of the atom, the spatial light modulator carries out multichannel modulation on optical rotation angle information carried by the atom sensing module to obtain a detection result of a multichannel atomic spin precession signal, a new thought is provided for the miniaturization and integration of a novel ultrahigh-sensitivity inertia and magnetic field measuring device, and the multichannel detection method and the multichannel detection device can be used for geological exploration, biomedical imaging and basic physical research.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a quantum sensing instrument measuring technology, in particular to an atomic spin multichannel detection method and device based on a spatial light modulator, which is realized by arranging the spatial light modulator between an atomic sensing module and a second Glan Taylor prism, wherein the spatial light modulator carries out multichannel modulation on optical rotation angle information carried by the atomic sensing module to obtain a detection result of a multichannel atomic spin precession signal, provides a new idea for developing miniaturization and integration of a novel ultrahigh-sensitivity inertia and magnetic field measuring device, and can be used for geological exploration, biomedical imaging and basic physical research.
Background
With the vigorous development of quantum mechanics and quantum optics and the rapid development of an atom control technology, in recent years, a sensing technology taking atoms as a sensitive medium obtains a Nobel prize of physics, a cold atom field (the Nobel prize of physics in 1997 and 2001) and a quantum optics field (the Nobel prize of physics in 2005 and 2012) for many times, so that the atom control theory and technology based on is rapidly developed, and a new era of the precision measurement field is opened. Inertial measurement and magnetic field measurement techniques based on the Spin-Exchange Relaxation (SERF) effect are rapidly developing, the potential of SERF atomic gyroscopes far exceeds that of rotor gyroscopes and optical gyroscopes, and SERF atomic magnetic field measurement has been realized at 0.16fT/Hz in 20101/2The highest magnetic field measurement sensitivity has the potential to replace a SQUID magnetometer to become a biological magnetic field detection and magnetic source positioning device due to the advantages of high sensitivity, small volume, no need of refrigeration and the like.
The method is characterized in that an atomic spin carrying angular rate or magnetic field information is extracted through the interaction of linearly polarized light and atoms, and atomic spin precession detection is one of key technologies. With the rapid improvement of sensitivity and the rapid development of biological magnetic field imaging, the development of the multichannel atomic spin detection technology research has great significance for the integration, miniaturization and practical engineering of the magnetic field inertia measuring device based on the atomic spin effect.
Atom precession detection generally adopts a polarization detection method: differential polarization, faraday modulation, and photoelastic modulation. For multi-channel atomic spin detection, a differential polarization method is lack of modulation, the low-frequency response of signals is poor, and multi-channel signals cannot be obtained simultaneously; the Faraday modulation method uses a coil to generate a variable magnetic field for modulation, and magnetic shielding and temperature control are required under complex environmental conditions, so that multichannel signals cannot be demodulated simultaneously; the photoelastic modulator has a complex control mechanical structure, and the demodulation frequency is fixed, so that multi-channel signals cannot be demodulated simultaneously. At present, the three methods are used for multi-channel atomic spin detection, one detection demodulation device can not ensure the simultaneity of multi-channel signals, the number of the devices is consistent with the requirement of the number of the multi-channel signals by using a plurality of detection demodulation devices, the number of corresponding devices such as a phase-locked amplifier of subsequent signal data processing equipment is increased, the complexity of the whole device is increased, the applicability of the whole engineering is reduced, and the integration and the miniaturization of the device are not facilitated. The existing atomic spin precession detection method is difficult to realize industrial integration at the same time, and multichannel signals are obtained by non-delay demodulation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides an atomic spin multichannel detection method and device based on a spatial light modulator, which are realized by arranging the spatial light modulator between an atomic sensing module and a second Glan Taylor prism, wherein the spatial light modulator carries out multichannel modulation on optical rotation angle information carried by the atomic sensing module to obtain a detection result of a multichannel atomic spin precession signal, provides a new thought for developing miniaturization and integration of a novel ultrahigh-sensitivity inertia and magnetic field measurement device, and can be used for geological exploration, biomedical imaging and basic physical research.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an atomic spin multi-channel detection method based on a spatial light modulator is characterized by comprising the following steps: and a spatial light modulator is arranged between the atom sensing module and the second Glan Taylor prism, and the spatial light modulator carries out multichannel modulation on the optical rotation angle information carried by the atom sensing module so as to obtain a detection result of a multichannel atom spinning precession signal.
The spatial light modulator drives liquid crystal torsion by a gray image generated by a computer, a modulator mirror surface is divided into different sizes according to application requirements to carry out multi-channel modulation, and each channel image gray is loaded according to requirements to modulate signals to different modulation frequencies or frequency bands.
The computer-generated grayscale image is an 8-bit grayscale map, the 8-bit grayscale map having 0 to 255 levels of grayscale.
The computer is connected with a multi-channel phase-locked amplifier, the computer sets the different modulation frequencies as multi-channel reference frequencies of the multi-channel phase-locked amplifier, the multi-channel phase-locked amplifier demodulates signals according to the multi-channel reference frequencies to realize atom spin precession multi-channel non-delay detection, and multi-channel signal measurement results of different spatial positions are obtained simultaneously after the signals are processed by a signal acquisition processing circuit.
An atomic spin multichannel detection device based on a spatial light modulator is characterized by comprising the spatial light modulator arranged between an atomic sensing module and a second Glan Taylor prism, wherein the second Glan Taylor prism is connected with a multichannel lock-in amplifier through a third convex lens, a fourth convex lens and a photoelectric detector in sequence, the spatial light modulator and the multichannel lock-in amplifier are respectively connected with a computer, the multichannel lock-in amplifier is connected with a signal acquisition and processing circuit, the spatial light modulator carries out multichannel modulation on optical rotation angle information carried by the atomic sensing module, the spatial light modulator drives liquid crystal to twist through 8-bit gray level images generated by the computer, a modulator mirror surface is divided into different sizes according to application requirements to carry out multichannel modulation, and each channel image gray level is loaded according to requirements to modulate signals to different modulation frequencies or frequency bands, the computer sets the different modulation frequencies as the multichannel reference frequency of the multichannel lock-in amplifier, the multichannel lock-in amplifier demodulates signals according to the multichannel reference frequency to realize atom spinning precession multichannel non-delay detection, and multichannel signal measurement results of different spatial positions are obtained simultaneously after the signals are processed by the signal acquisition processing circuit.
The atom sensing module is connected with the detection laser through a first Glan Taylor prism, a second convex lens, a first convex lens, a polarization beam splitter prism and an 1/2 wave plate in sequence.
The polarization beam splitter prism is connected with a wavemeter, and divides the laser beam from the detection laser into two paths, wherein one path enters the wavemeter, and the other path enters the first convex lens.
The atomic sensing module comprises an alkali metal gas chamber positioned in the magnetic shielding system, and the alkali metal gas chamber is connected with an optical pumping system.
The optical pumping system polarizes atoms in the alkali metal gas chamber, the magnetic shielding system enables the atoms to be in a non-spin exchange relaxation state in an active and/or passive magnetic compensation mode, under the action of an external magnetic field and an angular rate, the polarized atoms perform Larmor precession, so that the polarization rate distribution changes in the detection light direction, the detection laser emits detuned resonance peak laser, the detuned resonance peak laser enters the polarization beam splitter prism through the 1/2 wave plate to form reflected light and transmitted light, the reflected light enters the wavelength meter to monitor the wavelength change of the detection light beam, the transmitted light beam is expanded through the first convex lens and the second convex lens in sequence and then forms linearly polarized light with the polarization direction consistent with the long axis direction of the spatial light modulator after passing through the first Glan Taylor prism, and the linearly polarized light is subjected to the atomic action in the atomic sensing module, and the optical axis of the incident linearly polarized light is changed to generate an optical rotation angle, and the atom sensing module outputs a light beam carrying optical rotation angle information to the spatial light modulator.
The multichannel lock-in amplifier is provided with a preamplifier; alkali metal atoms, buffer gas helium and quenching nitrogen are filled in the alkali metal gas chamber, the alkali metal atoms comprise potassium, rubidium and cesium, and the pressure in the gas chamber is more than or equal to 3 atmospheric pressures so as to reduce the alkali metal diffusion effect; the laser wavelength emitted by a pumping laser in the optical pumping system is an alkali metal atom D1 line so as to polarize the atoms, and the laser wavelength emitted by a detection laser is detuned near the alkali metal atom D2 line; the first Glan Taylor prism is a polarizer, the second Glan Taylor prism is an analyzer, the first Glan Taylor prism and the second Glan Taylor prism are located at the extinction positions of each other to improve the signal detection sensitivity, and the extinction ratio reaches 10000: 1; the spatial light modulator is composed of phase-array liquid crystals, photoelectric performance characteristics of liquid crystal materials are combined with a silicon-based digital circuit, the working wavelength of the spatial light modulator is 405nm to 1550nm, each wavelength corresponds to an internal calibration file, 8-bit 0-255-level gray scale is input into the spatial light modulator, 0-2 pi phase modulation quantity can be obtained, the resolution is 1920 x 1080, the size of an effective mirror array is 17.6 x 10.7mm, the size of a pixel point is 9.2 mu m, and the maximum frame frequency is 845 Hz.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention discloses an atomic spin multichannel detection method and device based on a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM), and belongs to the defects that the existing atomic spin precession detection method cannot ensure the simultaneity of multichannel signal demodulation, the number of demodulation devices is large, and subsequent data processing is complicated. The method has the advantages of simple operation and strong design, can change the number of the multiple channels only through software without changing the device according to the requirements of users, can detect the multi-channel non-delay atom precession signal, and can serve the industrial integration and the practical application of the future atom spin sensing device. In atomic Spin-Exchange-Free Relaxation (SERF) atomic precision measurement, an alkali metal atom is used for sensing external magnetic field and angular rate change, and along with the rapid improvement of sensitivity and the rapid development of biological magnetic field imaging, the integration, miniaturization and engineering of a multichannel atomic Spin detection technology research and measurement device are carried out, so that the method has great significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an atomic spin multi-channel detection device based on a spatial light modulator.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the modulation of a four-channel gray scale map of a spatial light modulator over time. In fig. 2, the upper left is the 1 st channel, the upper right is the 2 nd channel, the lower left is the 3 rd channel, the lower right is the 4 th channel, and t represents time.
The reference numbers are listed below: 1-detection laser; 2-1/2 wave plate (half wave plate, generating additional optical path difference or phase difference of lambda/2); a 3-polarization beam splitter prism (which divides the laser beam into two paths, wherein one path enters the wavelength meter 17 upwards, and the other path enters the first convex lens 4); 4-a first convex lens; 5-a second convex lens; 6-a first Glan Taylor prism; 7-an atom sensing module; 8-a spatial light modulator; 9-a second glan taylor prism; 10-a third convex lens; 11-a fourth convex lens; 12-a photodetector; 13-a multi-channel lock-in amplifier; 14-a signal acquisition processing circuit; 15-a computer; 16-an optical pumping system; 17-a wavemeter; 18-a magnetic shielding system; 19-alkali metal gas cell.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings (fig. 1-2).
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an atomic spin multi-channel detection device based on a spatial light modulator. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the modulation of a four-channel gray scale map of a spatial light modulator over time. Referring to fig. 1 to 2, an atomic spin multi-channel detection method based on a spatial light modulator includes the following steps: a spatial light modulator 8 is arranged between the atom sensing module 7 and the second Glan Taylor prism 9, and the spatial light modulator 8 performs multi-channel modulation on the light beam carrying the optical rotation angle information from the atom sensing module 7 to obtain a detection result of a multi-channel atom spin precession signal. The spatial light modulator 8 drives liquid crystal torsion by a gray image generated by the computer 15, the modulator mirror surface is divided into different sizes according to application requirements to carry out multi-channel modulation, and each channel image gray is loaded according to requirements to modulate signals to different modulation frequencies or frequency bands. The grayscale image generated by the computer 15 is an 8-bit grayscale image, and the 8-bit grayscale image has 0 to 255 levels of grayscale. The computer 15 is connected with the multi-channel lock-in amplifier 13, the computer 15 sets the different modulation frequencies as the multi-channel reference frequency of the multi-channel lock-in amplifier 13, the multi-channel lock-in amplifier 13 demodulates signals according to the multi-channel reference frequency to realize atom spin precession multi-channel non-delay detection, and multi-channel signal measurement results of different spatial positions are obtained simultaneously after the signals are processed by the signal acquisition processing circuit 14.
An atomic spin multichannel detection device based on a spatial light modulator comprises the spatial light modulator 8 arranged between an atomic sensing module 7 and a second Glan Taylor prism 9, wherein the second Glan Taylor prism 9 is connected with a multichannel lock-in amplifier 13 sequentially through a third convex lens 10, a fourth convex lens 11 and a photoelectric detector 12, the spatial light modulator 8 and the multichannel lock-in amplifier 13 are respectively connected with a computer 15, the multichannel lock-in amplifier 13 is connected with a signal acquisition processing circuit 14, the spatial light modulator 8 carries out multichannel modulation on a light beam carrying optical rotation angle information from the atomic sensing module 7, the spatial light modulator 8 drives liquid crystal torsion through an 8-bit gray level image generated by the computer 15, a modulator mirror surface is divided into different sizes according to application requirements to carry out multichannel modulation, and the gray level of each channel image is loaded according to different modulation frequencies or frequency bands, the computer 15 sets the different modulation frequencies as the multichannel reference frequency of the multichannel lock-in amplifier 13, and the multichannel lock-in amplifier 13 demodulates signals according to the multichannel reference frequency to realize atom spin precession multichannel non-delay detection, and obtains multichannel signal measurement results at different spatial positions after processing by the signal acquisition processing circuit 14.
The atom sensing module 7 is connected with the detection laser 1 sequentially through a first Glan Taylor prism 6, a second convex lens 5, a first convex lens 4, a polarization beam splitter prism 4 and an 1/2 wave plate 2. The polarization beam splitter prism 4 is connected with a wavelength meter 17, and the polarization beam splitter prism 4 divides the laser beam from the detection laser 1 into two paths, wherein one path enters the wavelength meter 17, and the other path enters the first convex lens 4. The atom sensing module 7 comprises an alkali metal gas cell 19 within a magnetic shielding system 18, the alkali metal gas cell 19 being connected to an optical pumping system 16. The optical pumping system 16 polarizes atoms in the alkali metal gas chamber 19, the magnetic shielding system 18 enables the atoms to be in a non-spin exchange relaxation state through an active and/or passive magnetic compensation mode, under the action of an external magnetic field and an angular rate, the polarized atoms perform larmor precession, so that the polarization rate distribution changes in the detection light direction, the detection laser 1 emits detuning resonance peak laser, the detuning resonance peak laser enters the polarization beam splitter prism 3 through the 1/2 wave plate 2 to form reflected light and transmitted light, the reflected light enters the wavelength meter 17 to monitor the wavelength change of the detection light beam, the transmitted light sequentially passes through the first convex lens 4 and the second convex lens 5 to complete expanded beam light, and the expanded beam light passes through the first lattice-Taylor prism 6 to form linearly polarized light with the polarization direction consistent with the long axis direction of the spatial light modulator 8, after the linearly polarized light is acted by atoms in the atom sensing module 7, the optical axis of the incident linearly polarized light is changed to generate an optical rotation angle, and the atom sensing module 7 outputs a light beam carrying optical rotation angle information to the spatial light modulator 8. The multichannel lock-in amplifier 13 is provided with a preamplifier; alkali metal atoms, buffer gas helium and quenching nitrogen are filled in the alkali metal gas chamber 19, the alkali metal atoms comprise potassium, rubidium and cesium, and the pressure in the gas chamber is more than or equal to 3 atmospheric pressures so as to reduce the alkali metal diffusion effect; the pump laser in the optical pumping system 16 emits laser light at the wavelength of the alkali metal atom D1 line to polarize the atoms, and the detection laser 1 emits laser light at a wavelength that is detuned around the alkali metal atom D2 line; the first Glan Taylor prism 6 is a polarizer, the second Glan Taylor prism 9 is an analyzer, the first Glan Taylor prism 6 and the second Glan Taylor prism 9 are in the extinction position of each other to improve the signal detection sensitivity, and the extinction ratio reaches 10000: 1; the Spatial light modulator 8 is composed of phase-aligned liquid crystals, photoelectric performance characteristics of liquid crystal materials are combined with a silicon-based digital circuit, the working wavelength of the Spatial light modulator is 405nm to 1550nm, each wavelength corresponds to an internal calibration file, 8-bit 0 to 255-level gray scale is input into the Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) to obtain 0 to 2 pi phase modulation quantity, the resolution is 1920 x 1080, the size of an effective mirror array is 17.6 x 10.7mm, the size of a pixel point is 9.2 mu m, and the maximum frame frequency is 845 Hz.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention, and it can be seen from the figure that the device of the present invention includes a detection laser 1, an 1/2 wave plate 2, a polarization beam splitter prism 3, a convex lens 4, a convex lens 5, a glan taylor prism 6, an atom sensing module 7, a spatial light modulator 8, a glan taylor prism 9, a convex lens 10, a convex lens 11, a photodetector 12, a multi-channel lock-in amplifier 13, a signal acquisition processing circuit 14, a computer 15, an optical pumping system 16, a wavelength meter 17, a magnetic shielding system 18, and an alkali metal gas chamber 19, wherein the atom sensing module 7 is composed of an optical pumping system 16, a magnetic shielding system 18, and an alkali metal gas chamber 19. An optical pumping system 16 polarizes atoms in an alkali metal air chamber 19, a magnetic shielding system 18 enables the atoms to be in a non-spin exchange relaxation state in an active and passive magnetic compensation mode, under the action of an external magnetic field and angular velocity, the polarized atoms are subjected to Larmor precession, so that the polarization rate distribution changes in the detection light direction, a detection laser 1 emits detuned resonance peak laser, reflected light enters a wavelength meter 36 through an 1/2 wave plate 2 and a polarization beam splitter prism 3 to monitor the wavelength change of a detection light beam, transmitted light passes through a convex lens 4 and a convex lens 5 to complete beam expansion, the expanded light beam is linearly polarized light with the polarization direction consistent with the long axis direction of a spatial light modulator 8 after passing through a Glan Taylor prism 6, the incident linearly polarized light optical axis changes to generate an optical rotation angle after the interaction with the atoms through an atom sensing module 7, and the spatial light modulator 8 outputs an 8-bit gray scale image, the light beam carrying the information of the optical rotation angle is modulated by different frequencies when passing through the spatial light modulator 8 in different channels, then the information of the optical rotation angle change is converted into the light intensity information changing along with the time through the Glan Taylor prism 9, the light intensity information is received by the photoelectric detector 12 and input to the multi-channel phase-locked amplifier 13 with a preamplifier, and is demodulated by the multi-channel phase-locked amplifier 13 with the multi-channel reference frequency provided by the computer 15, and the multi-channel signal measurement results of different spatial positions can be obtained simultaneously after the processing of the signal acquisition processing circuit 14.
The optical pumping system 16 and the magnetic shielding system 18 ensure that the atomic sensing module 7 is in a non-spin exchange relaxation state, the spatial light modulator 8 is used for dividing a light beam into a plurality of channels, the modulation frequency of each channel is different, and the set modulation frequency is set as the reference frequency of the phase-locked amplifier, so that the non-delay detection of the atomic spin multichannel can be realized. The specific measurement principle is as follows: under the action of an optical pumping system 16, atomic spin of SERF-state alkali metal has a determined macroscopic direction, alkali metal atoms have birefringence and circular dichroism after being polarized, when detecting linearly polarized light to be incident into an alkali metal air chamber, left-handed circularly polarized light and right-handed circularly polarized light have different refractive indexes and have a certain phase difference, the absorption capacities of the alkali metal atoms on the left-handed polarized light and the right-handed polarized light are different, and electric field vectors of two circular polarization components after passing through the air chamber are not the same any more.
The rotation angle of the polarization plane of the detection light after passing through the air chamber is in direct proportion to the spin projection of atoms, and the deflection angle is
l is the propagation length of the detection light in the gas chamber, n is the density of the number of alkali metal atoms acting on the detection light, reIs the classical radius of the electron, c is the speed of light, PxIs the projection of the alkali metal electron polarizability in the x-direction,
the laser D1 and D2 line-atom interaction resonance strength. D (v) is a linear function of the optical rotation angle, and the expression related to the laser frequency is as follows:
wherein, v0At the resonance frequency, Γ is the atomic broadening, primarily the pressure broadening of the atoms.
The spatial light modulation technique utilizes the birefringence effect of liquid crystal, and reflection is used in experimentsThe type electrically addressable nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator has a liquid crystal having dielectric anisotropy and refractive indices n in the direction along the optical axis and in the direction perpendicular to the optical axiseAnd noWhen the voltage applied across the liquid crystal exceeds the threshold voltage, the relationship between the deflection angle β of the liquid crystal molecules and the driving voltage V is as follows
Wherein VrmsFor control of the voltage magnitude of the operating voltage with respect to the input gray scale map, VcLiquid crystal threshold voltage, V0The deflection angle β of the liquid crystal resulting from the overload voltage results in the refractive index neThe change relationship is as follows:
the liquid crystal spatial light modulator can be regarded as a polarizing device, causing a change in the phase retardation between the o-light and the e-light:
α＝πd(ne(β)-no)/λ (5)
where α is the phase difference between o and e, d liquid crystal layer thickness, λ wavelength of incident light.
In the experiment, α is changed linearly by generating pictures with different 8-bit gray levels of 0-255, modulation and demodulation are carried out, and the phase delay amount of the spatial light modulator along with time is as follows:
δ(t)＝αmsin(wmt) (6)
αmfor modulation amplitude, the gray scale of 0-255 corresponds to 0-pi, wmIs the modulation frequency, which is related to the gray picture replacement frequency. According to an optical path structure diagram, after being output from a detection laser 1, detection light is polarized through a Glan Taylor prism 6, enters an alkali metal gas chamber in an atom sensing module 7, enters a spatial light modulator 8, is detected and polarized through a Glan Taylor prism 9, and enters a photoelectric detector 12. The polarizer and the analyzer are perpendicular at 90 degrees. Assuming that the initial light intensity passing through the polarizer is I0According to the Malus law and the principle of polarized light propagation,the light intensity signal received at the photodetector is:
I＝I0sin2[θ+αmsin(ωmt)]≈I0[θ2+2θαmsin(ωmt)+αm 2sin2(ωmt)]
(7)
in the case of a small angle approximation, the frequency-doubled signal is:
wherein a frequency doubling signal is in direct proportion to the optical rotation angle and the atomic spin projection, the multichannel lock-in amplifier 13 demodulates a frequency doubling (w) in the output light intensitym) A signal. As the modulation frequency is related to the replacement frequency of the gray level picture, the picture updating frequency can be set according to requirements, and different w can be loaded according to different positions of the picturemModulation, FIG. 2 shows a schematic of a four-channel modulation display over time, with 1-channel w loaded by computer 151200hz, 2 channels w2400hz, 3 channels w3600hz, four channels w4The multichannel lock-in amplifier 13 can lock w simultaneously for 800hz gray picture1，w2，w3，w4The four-channel signals are demodulated, the number and the spatial position of the channels can be flexibly changed according to the design and the requirement of a user on the pattern, and finally, data acquisition and processing are carried out through the signal acquisition and processing circuit 14, and finally, the multichannel atomic spin precession signals can be detected without time delay.
Details not described in the present specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all matters of the invention which utilize the inventive concepts are protected.
Claims (10)
1. An atomic spin multi-channel detection method based on a spatial light modulator is characterized by comprising the following steps: and a spatial light modulator is arranged between the atom sensing module and the second Glan Taylor prism, and the spatial light modulator carries out multichannel modulation on the optical rotation angle information carried by the atom sensing module so as to obtain a detection result of a multichannel atom spinning precession signal.
2. The method for detecting the atomic spin multi-channel based on the spatial light modulator according to claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator drives the liquid crystal to twist by a gray image generated by a computer, the modulator mirror surface is divided into different sizes according to application requirements to perform multi-channel modulation, and each channel image gray is loaded according to requirements to modulate signals to different modulation frequencies or frequency bands.
3. The spatial light modulator-based atomic spin multi-channel detection method according to claim 2, wherein the computer-generated gray scale image is an 8-bit gray scale map, and the 8-bit gray scale map has 0 to 255 gray scales.
4. The spatial light modulator-based atomic spin multi-channel detection method according to claim 2, wherein the computer is connected to a multi-channel lock-in amplifier, the computer sets the different modulation frequencies as multi-channel reference frequencies of the multi-channel lock-in amplifier, and the multi-channel lock-in amplifier demodulates signals according to the multi-channel reference frequencies to realize atomic spin precession multi-channel non-delay detection, and obtains multi-channel signal measurement results at different spatial positions simultaneously after being processed by the signal acquisition processing circuit.
5. An atomic spin multichannel detection device based on a spatial light modulator is characterized by comprising the spatial light modulator arranged between an atomic sensing module and a second Glan Taylor prism, wherein the second Glan Taylor prism is connected with a multichannel lock-in amplifier through a third convex lens, a fourth convex lens and a photoelectric detector in sequence, the spatial light modulator and the multichannel lock-in amplifier are respectively connected with a computer, the multichannel lock-in amplifier is connected with a signal acquisition and processing circuit, the spatial light modulator carries out multichannel modulation on optical rotation angle information carried by the atomic sensing module, the spatial light modulator drives liquid crystal to twist through 8-bit gray level images generated by the computer, a modulator mirror surface is divided into different sizes according to application requirements to carry out multichannel modulation, and each channel image gray level is loaded according to requirements to modulate signals to different modulation frequencies or frequency bands, the computer sets the different modulation frequencies as the multichannel reference frequency of the multichannel lock-in amplifier, the multichannel lock-in amplifier demodulates signals according to the multichannel reference frequency to realize atom spinning precession multichannel non-delay detection, and multichannel signal measurement results of different spatial positions are obtained simultaneously after the signals are processed by the signal acquisition processing circuit.
6. The spatial light modulator-based atomic spin multi-channel detection device according to claim 1, wherein the atomic sensing module is connected to the detection laser sequentially through the first Glan Taylor prism, the second convex lens, the first convex lens, the polarization splitting prism and the 1/2 wave plate.
7. The spatial light modulator-based atomic spin multi-channel detection device according to claim 6, wherein the polarization beam splitter prism is connected to a wavemeter, and the polarization beam splitter prism splits the laser beam from the detection laser into two paths, one path enters the wavemeter, and the other path enters the first convex lens.
8. The spatial light modulator-based atomic spin multi-channel detection device according to claim 7, wherein the atomic sensing module comprises an alkali metal gas cell within a magnetic shielding system, the alkali metal gas cell being connected with an optical pumping system.
9. The spatial light modulator-based atomic spin multi-channel detection device according to claim 8, wherein the optical pumping system polarizes atoms in the alkali metal gas chamber, the magnetic shielding system actively and/or passively compensates for the atoms in a non-spin-exchange relaxation state, the polarized atoms perform larmor precession under the action of an external magnetic field and an angular velocity, so that the polarization rate distribution changes in the detection light direction, the detection laser emits detuned resonance peak laser, the detuned resonance peak laser enters the polarization beam splitter prism through the 1/2 to form reflected light and transmitted light, the reflected light enters the wavelength meter to monitor the wavelength change of the detection light beam, and the transmitted light passes through the first convex lens and the second convex lens in sequence to form expanded light beams into linearly polarized light with the polarization direction consistent with the long axis direction of the spatial light modulator after passing through the first glanner taylor prism, after the linearly polarized light is acted by atoms in the atom sensing module, the optical axis of the incident linearly polarized light is changed to generate an optical rotation angle, and the atom sensing module outputs a light beam carrying optical rotation angle information to the spatial light modulator.
10. The spatial light modulator-based atomic spin multi-channel detection device according to claim 8, wherein the multi-channel lock-in amplifier is provided with a preamplifier; alkali metal atoms, buffer gas helium and quenching nitrogen are filled in the alkali metal gas chamber, the alkali metal atoms comprise potassium, rubidium and cesium, and the pressure in the gas chamber is more than or equal to 3 atmospheric pressures so as to reduce the alkali metal diffusion effect; the laser wavelength emitted by a pumping laser in the optical pumping system is an alkali metal atom D1 line so as to polarize the atoms, and the laser wavelength emitted by a detection laser is detuned near the alkali metal atom D2 line; the first Glan Taylor prism is a polarizer, the second Glan Taylor prism is an analyzer, the first Glan Taylor prism and the second Glan Taylor prism are located at the extinction positions of each other to improve the signal detection sensitivity, and the extinction ratio reaches 10000: 1; the spatial light modulator is composed of phase-array liquid crystals, photoelectric performance characteristics of liquid crystal materials are combined with a silicon-based digital circuit, the working wavelength of the spatial light modulator is 405nm to 1550nm, each wavelength corresponds to an internal calibration file, 8-bit 0-255-level gray scale is input into the spatial light modulator, 0-2 pi phase modulation quantity can be obtained, the resolution is 1920 x 1080, the size of an effective mirror array is 17.6 x 10.7mm, the size of a pixel point is 9.2 mu m, and the maximum frame frequency is 845 Hz.
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| CN112904435A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Miniaturized optical SERF magnetometer integrated with VCSEL laser |
| CN114895225A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-08-12 | 之江实验室 | Device and method for inhibiting atomic spin precession to detect optical power fluctuation |
| CN114895225B (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-27 | 之江实验室 | Device and method for inhibiting atomic spin precession to detect optical power fluctuation |
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