CN111071277B - Wheel pair, bogie and rail vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a wheel pair, bogie and rail vehicle, wherein, the wheel pair includes: an axle; a wheel movable in an axial direction relative to the axle; at least two groups of locking grooves which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction are arranged on the wheel; the positioning disc is arranged on the axle and rotates synchronously with the axle; the clamp comprises two clamp claws which are symmetrically arranged; the clamp claw is provided with a first end, a second end and a rotating part positioned between the first end and the second end, and the rotating part is connected with the positioning disc through a pin shaft; the buffering disc is arranged on the positioning disc and rotates synchronously with the positioning disc; the relieving disc moves along the first direction to apply force to the first end of the clamping claw so that the clamping claw rotates to the second end to be disengaged from the locking groove; the relief disc moves in a second direction to apply a force to the first end of the jaw to rotate the jaw until the second end is inserted into the locking slot. The wheel pair, the bogie and the rail vehicle provided by the embodiment of the application can reduce the requirements on a ground rail transfer device.

Description

Wheel pair, bogie and rail vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the railway vehicle structure technology, in particular to a wheel pair, a bogie and a railway vehicle.

Background

Rail vehicles are generally classified into monorail trains and double-track trains, wherein the double-track trains run along two equidistant rails. The track gauge is the distance between two tracks, and most countries or regions adopt uniform track gauge, while the track gauge of some countries or regions is different. Before a rail train drives from a track with one track gauge to a track with another track gauge, a rail changing operation is required, namely: the distance between two wheels connected on the same axle in the rail train is adjusted, so that the distance between the wheels can adapt to a new track gauge.

Through research on the variable-track-pitch bogie in various countries in the world, some countries have research, development, test and even operation work of the variable-track-pitch bogie in different degrees at present. The inventors have appreciated that a common pitch bogie comprises: the wheel pair comprises two half frameworks capable of moving relatively and a sleeper beam spanning between the two half frameworks, wherein two wheels on the wheel pair are respectively arranged on the half frameworks and can move along with the corresponding half frameworks, and a locking structure is arranged between the sleeper beam and the half frameworks. In the track distance changing process, the locking structure is used for unlocking the half frameworks and the sleeper beam, then the ground track changing device is used for driving the two half frameworks to move in the opposite direction or move in the opposite direction, so that the two wheels are driven to move in the opposite direction or move in the opposite direction, and after the semi frameworks and the sleeper beam are moved in place, the locking structure is used for locking the half frameworks and the sleeper beam, so that the track distance changing process is completed.

Because the dead weight of half framework and wheel is great, and for power bogie, still be provided with heavier traction motor on half framework, therefore, to the cooperation requirement between framework and the ground derailment device higher, need the ground derailment device to provide sufficient drive power just can promote half framework and remove to, the contact wear between framework and the ground derailment device is also comparatively serious.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a wheel pair, bogie and rail vehicle, can improve above-mentioned problem.

An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a wheel pair, including:

an axle;

a wheel provided on the axle and movable in an axial direction relative to the axle; at least two groups of locking grooves are arranged on the wheel and are sequentially arranged along the axial direction;

the positioning disc is arranged on the axle and synchronously rotates with the axle;

clamping; the clamp includes: two clamp claws which are symmetrically arranged; the clamp claw is provided with a first end, a second end and a rotating part positioned between the first end and the second end, and the rotating part is connected with the positioning disc through a pin shaft;

the buffering disc is arranged on the positioning disc and rotates synchronously with the positioning disc; the relief disc is movable in a first direction parallel to the axial direction to apply a force to a first end of the jaw to rotate the jaw to the second end to disengage from the locking slot; the relief disc is also movable in a second direction opposite the first direction to apply a force to the first end of the jaw to rotate the jaw until the second end is inserted into the locking slot.

An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a bogie, including: wheel pairs as described above.

An embodiment of a third aspect of the present application provides a rail vehicle, including: a bogie as described above.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the wheels are arranged on the axle and can move relative to the axle along the axial direction, and at least two groups of locking grooves which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction are also arranged on the wheels; the positioning disc is arranged on the axle and rotates synchronously with the axle, the two symmetrical clamping claws are connected with the positioning disc through pin shafts, the relieving disc is arranged on the positioning disc and rotates synchronously with the positioning disc, and the relieving disc can move along a first direction parallel to the axial direction to apply force to the first ends of the clamping claws so that the clamping claws rotate to the second ends of the clamping claws to be separated from the locking grooves, and the wheels are unlocked; the buffer disc can also move along a second direction opposite to the first direction so as to apply force to the first end of the claw, so that the claw rotates until the second end is inserted into the locking groove to lock the wheel. Compared with the mode of moving the framework in the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment is that the wheels are driven to move to realize rail transfer and are locked when the wheels move in place, and the weight of the wheels is far less than that of the half framework, so that the driving force required by rail transfer is small, and the requirement on a ground rail transfer device is reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bogie according to a first embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a wheelset coupled to an axle housing according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a first wheel set provided in accordance with a first embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of area A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of a second wheel set provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a partial sectional view three of a wheel set provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a partial sectional view four of a wheel set provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of area B of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an axle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a buffering disk according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a jaw according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a locking cover according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a dust cap according to a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an unlocking device provided in the second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a first schematic structural diagram illustrating a first push rod and a second push rod of the unlocking device according to the second embodiment of the present application in a matching manner;

fig. 18 is a second schematic structural view illustrating the first push rod and the second push rod of the unlocking device according to the second embodiment of the present application in cooperation with each other;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the unlocking device provided by the second embodiment of the present application in cooperation with an axle;

fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of an axle box according to a second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 21 is a partial sectional view of an assembled axle housing and unlocking device according to a second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground track transfer device according to a third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view of a ground track transfer device according to a third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 24 is a partial view of an unlocking rail in the ground rail changing device according to the third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 25 is a longitudinal sectional view of an unlocking rail in the ground rail changing device according to the third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 26 is a transverse cross-sectional view of an unlocking rail in a ground rail changing device according to a third embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1-a framework;

2-axle boxes; 21-a box body; 211-sixth shaft hole; 212-first mounting hole; 213-second mounting hole; 22-a bearing; 23-a support seat;

3-wheel pair; 31-axle; 311-spline grooves; 32-a wheel; 321-locking groove; 322-wheel body; 323-locking block; 324-a wheel disc; 325-a hub; 3251-first shaft hole; 326-a locking portion; 327-spline;

4-a locking device; 41-positioning plate; 411-second shaft hole; 412-a containment gap; 42-relief disc; 421-third axle hole; 422-connecting bump; 4221-first connection hole; 423-guide bar; 424-third connection hole; 43-a jaw; 431-a first end; 432-a second end; 433-a guide notch; 434-pin holes; 44-pin shaft; 45-locking cover; 451-fourth shaft hole; 452-a stop portion; 4521-guide surface; 453-fitting part; 454-a second connection hole; 46-a dust cover; 461-fifth axle hole; 47-a first return spring;

5-an unlocking device; 51-a first push rod; 511-a first guiding bevel; 52-a second push rod; 521-a second guide ramp; 522-guide rollers; 523-antifriction rollers; 53-unlocking the holder; 531-connecting shaft; 54-unlocking the roller; 55-a second return spring;

61-a first track; 62-a second track;

71-a guide rail; 72-unlocking the rail; 721-a rail body; 722-a support roller; 723-unlocking station; 724-guide roll.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following further detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings makes it clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not exhaustive of all embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

Example one

The embodiment provides a wheel pair which can be applied to a bogie of a railway vehicle, so that the railway vehicle can be switched between tracks with different track gauges.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bogie provided in the first embodiment of the present application, and fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a wheelset and an axle box provided in the first embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bogie includes: frame 1, axle boxes 2, wheelsets 3, locking devices 4 and unlocking devices 5. The frame 1 may be an "H" shaped structure, and includes two longitudinal beams parallel to each other and extending in the longitudinal direction, and a cross beam spanning between the middle portions of the two longitudinal beams.

The axle housing 2 is connected to the frame 1 by a suspension. Specifically, the number of the axle boxes 2 is two, each connected to the end of the longitudinal beam by a series of suspensions.

The wheel set 3 comprises: an axle 31 and wheels 32. Both ends of the axle 31 are respectively inserted into one axle box 2 and connected to the axle box 2 through bearings 22. The wheels 32 are provided on the axle 31 and are movable relative to the axle 31 in the axial direction of the axle 31. Two wheels 32 are symmetrically arranged on one axle 31, the two wheels 32 move oppositely, and the distance between the two wheels is reduced to meet the requirement of narrow gauge, so that the bogie is suitable for narrow gauge tracks; the two wheels 32 move away from each other and the distance between the two wheels increases to meet the requirement of wide gauge, so that the bogie is suitable for wide rail.

The locking device 4 is used for locking the wheel 32 to a position satisfying a narrow gauge or a position satisfying a wide gauge so that the relative position between the wheel 32 and the axle 31 is kept fixed during the rail vehicle does not need to change rails.

In this embodiment, at least two sets of locking grooves 321 are provided on the wheel 32, and the at least two sets of locking grooves 321 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction. Each set of locking grooves 321 includes two symmetrically arranged locking grooves 321, and the opening directions of the two locking grooves 321 are opposite. The lock groove 321 may be provided in the hub of the wheel 32 or in the wheel disc, and in this embodiment, only the lock groove is provided in the hub as an example.

Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view of a wheel pair provided in the first embodiment of the present application, and fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a region a in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the locking device 4 includes: a puck 41, a relief puck 42, and a clamp. The positioning plate 41 is disposed on the axle 31 and is fixedly connected to the axle 31 to rotate synchronously with the axle 31.

The clamp includes: two jaws 43 are symmetrically disposed. The jaw 43 has a first end 431, a second end 432, and a rotating portion located between the first end and the second end, and the rotating portion is connected to the positioning plate 41 by a pin shaft 44 so that the jaw 43 can rotate relative to the positioning plate 41 about the pin shaft 44 as a rotating shaft.

The damper disk 42 is provided on the positioning disk 41 so as to rotate in synchronization with the positioning disk 41. The unlocking device 5 is disposed on the axle box 2 or the frame 1, and is configured to apply an axial thrust to the relieving disc 42, so that the relieving disc 42 can move in a first direction parallel to the axial direction, so as to apply a force to the first end 431 of the claw 43, so that the claw 43 rotates to the second end 432 to be disengaged from the locking groove 321, and thus the wheel 32 is unlocked.

When the axial pushing force of the unlocking means 5 is removed, the relieving plate 42 can be moved in a second direction opposite to the first direction by other components to apply a force to the first end 431 of the caliper 43 to rotate the caliper 43 until the second end 432 is inserted into the locking groove 321, and when the second end 432 is inserted into the locking groove 321, the wheel 32 is locked so that the relative position between the wheel 32 and the axle 31 is kept fixed.

Fig. 5 is a partial sectional view of a wheel set provided in the first embodiment of the present application, fig. 6 is a partial sectional view of a wheel set provided in the first embodiment of the present application, and fig. 7 is a partial sectional view of a wheel set provided in the first embodiment of the present application. The engagement between the locking device 4 and the wheel 32 during the transition from narrow gauge to wide gauge is shown in sequence in figures 3, 5, 6 and 7.

As shown in fig. 3, the wheel 32 is located at a narrow gauge position, and the second end of the claw 43 is caught in the locking groove 321, locking the wheel 32 at the current position.

As shown in fig. 5, the damping plate 42 moves rightward, and applies an axial thrust to the first end of the claw 43, so that the claw 43 is rotated about the pin 44, and the second end of the claw 43 is disengaged from the locking groove 321, thereby unlocking the wheel 32.

As shown in fig. 6, the wheel 32 can be moved to the left by the driving of the ground derailing apparatus until reaching the wide gauge position.

As shown in fig. 7, the releasing disc 42 can move leftward, and an axial pulling force is applied to the first end of the clamping jaw 43, so that the clamping jaw 43 rotates around the pin 44, and the second end of the clamping jaw 43 is inserted into the locking groove 321, so as to lock the wheel 32 at the current position, and complete the track-changing process.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, the wheels are arranged on the axle and can move relative to the axle along the axial direction, and at least two groups of locking grooves which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction are also arranged on the wheels; the positioning disc is arranged on the axle and rotates synchronously with the axle, the two symmetrical clamping claws are connected with the positioning disc through pin shafts, the relieving disc is arranged on the positioning disc and rotates synchronously with the positioning disc, and the relieving disc can move along a first direction parallel to the axial direction to apply force to the first ends of the clamping claws so that the clamping claws rotate to the second ends of the clamping claws to be separated from the locking grooves, and the wheels are unlocked; the buffer disc can also move along a second direction opposite to the first direction so as to apply force to the first end of the claw, so that the claw rotates until the second end is inserted into the locking groove to lock the wheel. Compared with the mode of moving the framework in the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment is that the wheels are driven to move to realize rail transfer and are locked when the wheels move in place, and the weight of the wheels is far less than that of the half framework, so that the driving force required by rail transfer is small, and the requirement on a ground rail transfer device is reduced.

The two claws 43 are used to form a clamp, and are respectively inserted into a set of locking grooves 321 to clamp the wheel 32 from both sides of the hub, thereby improving the reliability of locking.

The hub can be provided with three locking parts which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the central angle between every two adjacent locking parts is 120 degrees. Each locking portion is provided with at least two sets of locking grooves 321. Correspondingly, three clamps are arranged and evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the clamps respectively correspond to one locking part in position, so that one clamp is used for clamping one locking part.

Besides the scheme, two locking parts are arranged on the hub, and two clamps can be correspondingly arranged. Of course, it is also possible to provide more than four locking portions and more than four clamps, and this embodiment is not limited.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a region B in fig. 8. As shown in fig. 4, 8, and 9, the wheel 32 includes: a wheel body 322 and a locking block 323.

The wheel body 322 has a wheel disc 324 and a hub 325 disposed at the center of the wheel disc 324, and the hub 325 is centrally provided with a first axle hole 3251 through which the axle 31 passes. At least two locking parts 326 are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the hub 325, and in fig. 8 and 9, three locking parts 326 are arranged on the hub 325 and are uniformly arranged along the outer circumferential surface of the hub 325. Each locking portion 326 is provided with two locking notches (not shown) arranged in sequence along the axial direction. A locking block 323 is arranged in each locking notch, and locking grooves 321 are formed in two ends of each locking block 323. The locking block 323 is in interference fit with the locking notch and is fastened in the locking notch.

Instead of the above-described manner of the locking block 323, the locking groove 321 may be directly provided on the locking portion 326.

The inner wall of the hub 325 is provided with a coupling key, and correspondingly, a key groove may be provided on the outer circumferential surface of the axle 31, into which the coupling key is inserted so that the wheel 32 and the axle 31 can be rotated in synchronization and the wheel 32 can be moved in the axial direction with respect to the axle 31.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an axle according to a first embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, 9 and 10, the connecting key on the inner wall of the hub 325 is a spline 327, and correspondingly, a spline groove 311 is provided on the axle 31 to be engaged with the spline 327.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning plate according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 11, the positioning plate 41 has a second shaft hole 411, and is fitted over the axle 31 through the second shaft hole 411. The axle 31 is in interference fit with the second shaft hole 411, so that the positioning plate 41 and the axle 31 can rotate synchronously.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a buffering disk according to a first embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 12, the damping disk 42 is provided with a third shaft hole 421 through which the axle 31 passes. The damping disk 42 rotates in synchronization with the positioning disk 41 and is also movable in the axial direction relative to the positioning disk 41. Specifically, a first drive structure is provided on the puck 41 and a second drive structure is provided on the mitigation disc 42. The second driving structure cooperates with the first driving structure to rotate the positioning plate 41 with the axle 31 and simultaneously rotate the damping plate 42.

For example, the following may be used: the first drive structure is a receiving indentation 412 provided on the puck 41. As shown in fig. 11, the positioning plate 41 is provided with three receiving notches 412 which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction. The second driving structure is a connecting protrusion 422 provided on the relief disc 42, and the connecting protrusion 422 is provided on an end surface of the relief disc 42 facing the positioning disc 41. The number of the connecting protrusions 422 is three, and the connecting protrusions are correspondingly inserted into one of the accommodating notches 412. When the positioning plate 41 rotates along with the axle 31, the receiving notch 412 applies a rotational force to the connecting protrusion 422, thereby rotating the damping plate 42. The axial length of the coupling projection 422 can be set according to the thickness of the positioning plate 41, so that the damping plate 42 cannot be removed from the receiving notch 412 when moving to the left to the extreme position or moving to the right to the extreme position.

In addition to the above, other ways may be used to enable the damping disk 42 to rotate synchronously with the positioning disk 41, such as: the positioning plate 41 is provided with a protrusion, and the relief plate 42 is correspondingly provided with a groove.

The mode of relieving the disc 42 from driving the jaw 43 to rotate can be realized by various means, and the embodiment provides a specific implementation mode:

a first guide formation is provided at the first end 431 of the jaw 43 and a second guide formation is provided at the end face of the relief disc 42 facing the jaw 43, the second guide formation cooperating with the first guide formation to apply a force in the axial direction to the first end 431 via the first guide formation.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a jaw according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4 and 13, the first guide structure, specifically, the guide indentation 433, is disposed at the first end 431. The guide notch 433 opens toward the relief disc 42, and a center line of the guide notch 433 is an arc line and extends in substantially the same direction as the first end 431. The second guide structure is a guide rod 423 that can be accommodated in the guide recess 433. The guide rod 423 is provided on the buffer plate 42, specifically, on the coupling protrusion 422, and the guide rod 423 is perpendicular to the surface of the jaw 43. The middle portion of the jaw 43 is further provided with a pin hole 434 for inserting the pin shaft 44.

When the damping disk 42 moves rightward in the view of fig. 3 to 7, the guide rod 423 is inserted into the guide notch 433, and pushes the first end 431 of the jaw 43 during the movement in the guide notch 433, so as to urge the jaw 43 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the second end 432 is disengaged from the locking groove 321, which corresponds to the opening of the clamp, and the wheel 32 is released, thereby unlocking the wheel 32. When the damping disk 42 is moved leftward, the guide rod 423 moves outward along the guide notch 433 and applies a pushing force to the first end 431 of the jaw 43, causing the jaw 43 to rotate clockwise so that the second end 432 is inserted into the locking groove 321, corresponding to the closing of the jaw, to lock the wheel 32.

As shown in fig. 12, the connecting protrusion 422 includes two connecting plates arranged in parallel, each of the two connecting plates has a first connecting hole 4221, and the guide rod 423 is inserted into the first connecting hole 4221 and located between the two connecting plates. The first end 431 of the claw 43 may be located at a corresponding position between the two connecting plates, or may be located outside an outer connecting plate, which is a connecting plate away from the center of the relief disc 42.

The guide rods 423 may be replaced with a protrusion structure. Alternatively, the coupling projection 422 may be used to directly push against the surface of the first end 431 of the jaw 43, thereby pushing the jaw 43 to rotate. Alternatively, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways, and the present embodiment is not limited.

On the basis of the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the device further comprises a locking cover 45 connected with the relief disc 42. Rotates in synchronism with and moves in synchronism with the relief disc 42. The locking cover 45 is provided with a stopper 452 on the inner side thereof for stopping and holding the second end 432 of the jaw 43 inserted into the locking groove 321 after the second end 432 is inserted into the locking groove 321.

Specifically, fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking cover according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 14, the locking cover 45 has a fourth shaft hole 451 through which the axle 31 passes. The locking cover 45 is sleeved on the axle 31 through the fourth shaft hole 451 and is positioned between the buffer disc 42 and the wheel 31. The locking cover 45 is provided with a limiting part 452, and the limiting part 452 has a protruding structure. After the second end 432 of the jaw 43 is inserted into the locking groove 321, the protrusion of the stopper portion 452 abuts against the second end 432 to prevent the second end 432 from being disengaged from the locking groove 321.

The locking cover 45 is provided with six limiting parts 452, the two limiting parts 452 are in a group, and the three limiting parts 452 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction. A set of limiting parts 452 is used to limit the position of a clamp, that is: a stopper 452 is provided for abutting against one of the claws 43.

Furthermore, the stopper 452 is further provided with a guide surface 4521, and the guide surface 4521 is located on a side facing the relief disc 42. The locking cover 45 and the relief disc 42 move synchronously in the axial direction, and the guide surface 4521 contacts with the back of the second end 432 of the jaw 43 to guide the process of disengaging the second end 432 from the locking groove 321, so as to prevent the second end 432 from being opened at a too large angle.

The locking cover 45 is fixedly connected with the relief disc 42, and the locking cover and the relief disc move synchronously along the axial direction and rotate synchronously. Specifically, as shown in fig. 14, a protruding fitting portion 453 is provided on an inner wall of the locking cover 45, a second coupling hole 454 is provided on the fitting portion 453, and the second coupling hole 454 is a screw hole having a center line parallel to the axial direction. Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 12, the relief disc 42 is provided with third connecting holes 424, and the number and positions of the third connecting holes 424 correspond to those of the second connecting holes 454, so that the third connecting holes 424 and the second connecting holes 454 are fixed by bolts passing through the third connecting holes 424 and the second connecting holes 454 in sequence.

Further, fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a dust cover according to a first embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3 and 15, a dust cover 46 may be further disposed between the locking cover 45 and the wheel 32, and the dust cover 46 has a fifth shaft hole 461, and is sleeved on the axle 31 through the fifth shaft hole 461. The dust shield 46 has a first end that is disposed around the outside of the locking cap 45 in the axial direction and a second end that is connected to the wheel 32, such as by bolting to the disc 324 of the wheel 32.

A seal is provided between the first end of the dust cap 46 and the locking cap 45, for example: rubber ring, sponge ring etc. for seal the clearance between dust cover 46 and the locking lid 45, avoid external impurity granule, steam etc. to get into in locking device 4 and then influence the action of tong claw 43.

Example two

In addition to the above-described embodiment, the driving force for damping the movement of the disk 42 in the first direction may be provided by the ground track-changing device or the driving mechanism provided on the frame. The present embodiments provide a way provided by a ground derailment apparatus.

As shown in fig. 2, an unlocking device 5 may be employed to cooperate with the ground derailment device to apply a first directional pushing force to the damping disk 42 to urge the damping disk 42 to move in a first direction.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an unlocking device according to a second embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 16, the unlocking means 5 includes: a first push rod 51 and a second push rod 52. The first push rod 51 extends in a vertical direction, and a first guide slope is provided thereon. The second push rod 52 extends along the axial direction, and a second guiding inclined surface is arranged on the second push rod 52, and the second guiding inclined surface is in contact fit with the first guiding inclined surface, so that the first push rod 51 can drive the second push rod 52 to move along the first direction when moving along a third direction parallel to the vertical direction, and the second push rod is used for applying axial thrust to the relieving disc 42.

Fig. 17 is a first structural schematic view of the unlocking device provided in the second embodiment of the present application, in which the first push rod and the second push rod are engaged with each other, and fig. 18 is a second structural schematic view of the unlocking device provided in the second embodiment of the present application, in which the first push rod and the second push rod are engaged with each other. Fig. 17 and 18 show views in which the first push rod 51 moves and the second push rod 52 moves.

As shown in fig. 17, the unlocking device 5 is in a non-operating state, and the bogie is in a running state, i.e., a non-derailment state. Specifically, the first push rod 51 is located at the lowermost position, and the second push rod 52 is located at the leftmost position.

As shown in fig. 18, the ground derailing apparatus drives the first push rod 51 to move upward, and the first guide slope 511 applies a thrust perpendicular to the second guide slope 521, and the component force of the thrust in the axial direction urges the second push rod 52 to move rightward (i.e., toward the first direction).

The ground derailing device can also drive the first push rod 51 to move downwards, and the second push rod 52 moves leftwards (i.e. towards the second direction) under the pushing of the relief disc 42.

Further, a guide roller 522 may be provided on the second push rod 52, and a rolling surface of the guide roller 522 may contact the first guide slope 511. The first guide slope 511 applies a radial thrust to the guide roller 522, and a component force of the thrust in the axial direction urges the second push rod 52 to move in the first direction. By adopting rolling friction between the guide roller 522 and the first guide inclined plane 511, the smooth degree of the movement of the second push rod 52 is improved, and the second push rod 52 is prevented from being blocked due to large friction force of plane-to-plane contact, so that the locking device 4 cannot be unlocked.

In another implementation, the guide roller 522 is directly disposed at the end of the second push rod 52, and the second guide slope 521 is not required.

In the above solution, the second push rod 52 can be limited in a proper manner, and the second push rod 52 is limited to move only along the first direction or move in the opposite direction to the first direction, but cannot move up and down.

The driving force for moving the damping disk 42 in the first direction is provided by a driving mechanism disposed on the frame, for example, hydraulically or pneumatically, and the damping disk 42 can be moved in various ways.

The driving force for the damping disc 42 to move in the second direction may be provided by a driving mechanism provided on the frame, for example, by pneumatic or hydraulic driving. Alternatively, the following method may be adopted:

as shown in fig. 4, a first return spring 47 is provided between the relief disc 42 and the positioning disc 41. When the relief disc 42 moves in the first direction by the urging of the unlocking means 5, the first return spring 47 is pressurized to be compressed, and elastic potential energy is accumulated. When the urging force of the unlocking means 5 disappears, the elastic potential energy of the first return spring 47 is converted into the repulsive force, and the relief disc 42 is urged to move in the second direction.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the unlocking device provided by the second embodiment of the present application in cooperation with an axle. As shown in fig. 19, the number of the first push rods 51 and the second push rods 52 is two, and the first push rods and the second push rods are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axle 31 in the horizontal direction.

Further, since the damper disc 42 is rotated with the spindle 31, the unlocking means 5 is not rotated. When the second push rod 52 contacts the relief disc 42 and provides a pushing force, there is relative movement between the end of the second push rod 52 and the relief disc 42, and the wear is severe. As shown in fig. 16, a wear reduction roller 523 is provided at an end portion of the second push rod 52 facing the relief disc 42, and a wheel surface of the wear reduction roller 523 is in contact with an end surface of the relief disc 42 to reduce the wear therebetween by rolling friction.

Further, the unlocking device 5 further includes: and the unlocking support 53 is connected with the bottom ends of the two first push rods 51, and the unlocking support 53 receives the driving force of the ground track transfer device and simultaneously transmits the driving force to the two first push rods 51.

The structure of the unlocking bracket 53 may be set according to the structure of the ground derailing apparatus so as to be adapted to the ground derailing apparatus to more accurately contact the ground derailing apparatus and receive driving force during the travel of the railway vehicle. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 16, an unlocking roller 54 is provided at the bottom of the unlocking bracket 53 for rolling contact with the ground track transfer device and receiving the driving force.

Specifically, a connecting shaft 531 is provided at the bottom of the unlocking bracket 53 for fitting the unlocking roller 54. The wheel surface of the unlocking roller 54 is in contact with the ground track transfer device, and rolling friction exists between the wheel surface and the ground track transfer device.

In addition to the above-described technical solution, the unlocking device 5 may be provided on the frame 1 or may be provided on the axle box 2. The embodiment provides a mode of being disposed on the axle box 2, and those skilled in the art can also apply the specific implementation mode provided in the embodiment directly or after appropriate modification to the frame 1.

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of an axle box according to a second embodiment of the present application, and fig. 21 is a partial sectional view of an assembly of the axle box and an unlocking device according to the second embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 20 and 21, the axle housing 2 includes: a case 21 and a bearing 22. The housing 21 is provided with a shaft hole (referred to as a sixth shaft hole 211) through which the axle 31 passes, the bearing 22 is disposed in the sixth shaft hole 211, and an outer ring of the bearing 22 is in interference fit with a side wall of the sixth shaft hole 211.

The case 21 is further provided with a first mounting hole 212 through which the first push rod 51 passes and a second mounting hole 213 through which the second push rod 52 passes, and the first mounting hole 212 communicates with the second mounting hole 213. The first push rod 51 is movable in the first mounting hole 212, and the second push rod 52 is movable in the second mounting hole 213. By adopting the above technical scheme, the first push rod 51 and the second push rod 52 are matched through the corresponding guide inclined planes or guide rollers at the through part of the two mounting holes. The second mounting hole 213 restricts the moving direction of the second push rod 52 to be only a direction parallel to the first direction.

Specifically, the center line of the first mounting hole 212 extends in the vertical direction, and the center line of the second mounting hole 213 extends in the horizontal direction, parallel to the first direction. Taking the view angle of fig. 21 as an example, when the first push rod 51 moves upward in the first mounting hole 212, the second push rod 52 is pushed to move rightward.

A second return spring 55 is disposed to abut between the bottom wall of the first mounting hole 212 and the first push rod 51. When the first push rod 51 moves upward, the second return spring 55 is urged to be compressed, and elastic potential energy is accumulated. The first push rod 51 can be pushed to move downward by the repulsive force of the second return spring 55.

In addition, in cooperation with the ground track transfer device, a support seat 23 may be further disposed on the bottom surface of the box 21, and the support seat 23 may be fixed to the bottom of the box 21 by means of bolts. The bottom surface of the support base 23 is a plane surface and is used for being lapped on a ground rail transfer device, and the ground rail transfer device plays a role in supporting the axle box 2.

EXAMPLE III

The embodiment provides a ground track-changing device, which is used for driving the wheel 32 to move along the axial direction and driving the unlocking device 5 to act.

Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground track transfer device according to a third embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 22, the ground derailing apparatus is disposed between the first rail 61 and the second rail 62, assuming that the gauge of the first rail 61 is smaller than that of the second rail 62.

The ground becomes rail device includes: guide rail 71 and unlock rail 72. The guide rails 71 are used for applying a pushing force to the wheels 32 to urge the wheels 32 to move toward or away from each other in the axial direction. The unlocking rail 72 is used for supporting the axle box 2 and applying an urging force to the unlocking device 5 to urge the unlocking device 5 to operate, and further to urge the locking device 4 to operate, thereby unlocking the wheels 32.

In particular, the guide rail 71 comprises two pairs of rails, one for each monorail engaging the first 61 and second 62 rails. The centre line of each pair of tracks is at an angle to the centre line of the first track 61 and also at an angle to the centre line of the second track 62. Assuming that the rail vehicle is traveling from the first rail 61 to the second rail 62, the wheel 32 leaves the first rail 61 and enters the guide rail 71, and the guide rail 71 applies a driving force to the wheel 32 to force the two wheels 32 in the wheel pair to move away from each other until reaching the second rail 62.

Fig. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view of a ground rail transferring apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present application, fig. 24 is a partial view of an unlocking rail in the ground rail transferring apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present application, and fig. 25 is a longitudinal sectional view of the unlocking rail in the ground rail transferring apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 23, the unlocking rail 72 includes: a rail body 721, and a support roller 722 provided on the rail body 721. The support roller 722 is provided in plural number, and has an axis parallel to the first direction, and supports the support base 23 on the axle box 2. An unlocking table 723 is provided inside the rail body 721, and the top surface of the unlocking table 723 is high in the middle and gradually lowered at both ends in the traveling direction of the rail vehicle, as shown in fig. 24 and 25. The unlocking stage 723 is used to contact the unlocking roller 54 in the unlocking means 5 and push the first push rod 51 to ascend and descend through the top surface of its height change.

Specifically, when the wheel pair reaches the ground track-changing device, the supporting seat 23 is lapped on the supporting roller 722, and rolling friction is formed between the supporting seat and the supporting roller 722. The unlocking table 723 pushes the first push rod 51 to move upward, drives the second push rod 52 to move along the first direction, and pushes the buffer disc 42 to move along the first direction, so as to apply an axial thrust to the caliper 43 to rotate the caliper 43 until the second end of the caliper 43 is disengaged from the locking groove 321, and unlock the wheel 32.

Under the driving action of the guide rail 71, the two wheels 32 move away from each other, and the distance between the two wheels increases. Thereafter, the height of the top surface of the unlocking table 723 is lowered, and upward urging force is no longer applied to the unlocking roller 54, which corresponds to the unlocking means 5 not applying the urging force in the first direction to the damping disk 42. The damping plate 42 is moved in the second direction by the resilient force of the first return spring 47, and the claw 43 is rotated until the second end 432 is inserted into the other locking groove 321, so as to lock the wheel 32 at the position of the new track gauge. In addition, the damping disk 42 is moved in the second direction, and the second push rod 52 is also pushed to move in the second direction. The first push rod 51 moves downward by the resilient force of the second return spring 55.

Fig. 26 is a transverse cross-sectional view of an unlocking rail in a ground rail changing device according to a third embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 26, further, a guide roller 724 is provided on the rail body 721 toward one side of the axle boxes 2, and the guide roller 724 is plural in number and has an axial direction parallel to the vertical direction. The guide rollers 724 are plural in number, and are arranged in order along the direction in which the rail vehicle travels. The guide roller 724 is adapted to contact the support base 23 of the axle housing 2 and to have rolling friction with the support base 23.

Example four

The embodiment provides a bogie, which comprises the wheel pair provided by any one of the above-mentioned implementation modes.

The present embodiment also provides a rail vehicle, including: a bogie as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.

According to the technical scheme, the axle box is connected with the framework through the primary suspension, the axle is connected with the axle box through the bearing, the wheels are arranged on the axle and can move relative to the axle along the axial direction, and at least two groups of locking grooves which are sequentially distributed along the axial direction are also arranged on the wheels; the positioning disc is arranged on the axle and rotates synchronously with the axle, the two symmetrical clamping claws are connected with the positioning disc through pin shafts, the relieving disc is arranged on the positioning disc and rotates synchronously with the positioning disc, the unlocking device is arranged on the axle box or the framework and is used for applying axial thrust to the relieving disc so that the relieving disc can move along a first direction parallel to the axial direction, and the first ends of the pair of clamping claws apply force so that the clamping claws rotate to the second ends of the clamping claws to be separated from the locking groove, so that the wheels are unlocked; the buffer disc can also move along a second direction opposite to the first direction so as to apply force to the first end of the claw, so that the claw rotates until the second end is inserted into the locking groove to lock the wheel. Compared with the mode of moving the framework in the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment is that the wheels are driven to move to realize rail transfer and are locked when the wheels move in place, and the weight of the wheels is far less than that of the half framework, so that the driving force required by rail transfer is small, and the requirement on a ground rail transfer device is reduced.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can communicate with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

Claims (12)

1. A wheel-pair, characterized in that it comprises:

an axle;

a wheel provided on the axle and movable in an axial direction relative to the axle; at least two groups of locking grooves are arranged on the wheel and are sequentially arranged along the axial direction;

the positioning disc is arranged on the axle and synchronously rotates with the axle;

clamping; the clamp includes: two clamp claws which are symmetrically arranged; the clamp claw is provided with a first end, a second end and a rotating part positioned between the first end and the second end, and the rotating part is connected with the positioning disc through a pin shaft;

the buffering disc is arranged on the positioning disc and rotates synchronously with the positioning disc; the relief disc is movable in a first direction parallel to the axial direction to apply a force to a first end of the jaw to rotate the jaw to the second end to disengage from the locking slot; the relief disc is further movable in a second direction opposite the first direction to apply a force to the first end of the jaw to rotate the jaw until the second end is inserted into the locking slot;

the wheel includes:

the wheel body is provided with a wheel hub, the wheel hub is provided with a locking part, and the locking part is provided with two locking notches which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction;

the locking block is arranged in the locking notch; the two ends of the locking block are provided with the locking grooves;

the number of the locking parts is at least two, and the at least two locking parts are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;

a first guide structure is arranged at the first end of the clamp claw; the end face of the relieving disc is provided with a second guide structure, and the second guide structure is matched with the first guide structure so as to apply force to the first end along the axial direction through the first guide structure; the first guide structure is a guide notch, and the central line of the guide notch is an arc line; the second guide structure is a guide rod which can be accommodated in the guide notch.

2. Wheel pair according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises: the locking cover is arranged on the axle and is connected with the relief disc so as to synchronously rotate and synchronously move with the relief disc; the inboard of locking lid is equipped with spacing portion, spacing portion be used for the second end of tong claw inserts behind the locking groove will the second end is spacing to be kept inserting the state of locking groove.

3. The wheel set according to claim 2, wherein said restraint portion is provided with a guide surface for guiding said second end of said claw during disengagement thereof from said lock groove.

4. The wheel set according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner wall of the locking cover is provided with an assembly portion, which is provided with a threaded hole having a center line parallel to the axial direction for connection with the relief disc by a bolt.

5. The wheel set according to claim 1, characterized in that said positioning disc is provided with a first driving structure; the buffering disc is provided with a second driving structure, and the second driving structure is used for being matched with the first driving structure, so that the buffering disc and the positioning disc synchronously rotate.

6. The wheel set according to claim 5, characterized in that said first driving structure is a housing notch provided on the positioning disc; the second driving structure is a connecting bulge arranged on the end face of the relieving disc, and the connecting bulge can be accommodated in the accommodating notch.

7. Wheel pair according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide bar is arranged on the coupling projection.

8. Wheel pair according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises:

the first return spring is arranged between the buffer disc and the positioning disc; the rebounding force of the first return spring is used for pushing the release disc to move along the second direction.

9. Wheel pair according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises:

a dust cover; the dust cover has first end and second end along axial direction, first end encloses to be established the outside of locking lid, the second end with the wheel links to each other.

10. The wheel-pair according to claim 9, wherein a seal is provided between the first end of the dust cover and the locking cover.

11. A bogie, comprising: wheel pair according to any of claims 1-10.

12. A rail vehicle, comprising: a bogie as claimed in claim 11.

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