CN111070950B - Flexible engraver of force feedback self-adaptation cutting speed governing - Google Patents
Flexible engraver of force feedback self-adaptation cutting speed governing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111070950B CN111070950B CN201911417561.0A CN201911417561A CN111070950B CN 111070950 B CN111070950 B CN 111070950B CN 201911417561 A CN201911417561 A CN 201911417561A CN 111070950 B CN111070950 B CN 111070950B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B1/00—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B1/00—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models
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Abstract
The invention provides a force feedback self-adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine, and relates to the technical field of engraving machines. The force feedback self-adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine comprises a circuit system, a movable platform, a fixed seat and a three-dimensional pressure sensor, wherein the movable platform, the fixed seat and the three-dimensional pressure sensor are electrically connected with the circuit system, the three-dimensional pressure sensor is installed on the movable platform, the fixed seat is used for installing a cutter, the fixed seat is installed on the three-dimensional pressure sensor, the three-dimensional pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure value born by the cutter in the three-dimensional direction in real time and transmitting the pressure value to the circuit system, and the circuit system controls the processing speed of the cutter according to the pressure. The force feedback self-adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine can automatically adjust the processing speed of the cutter according to the stress of the cutter in all directions, and avoids damage or breakage caused by overlarge stress of the cutter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engraving machines, in particular to a force feedback self-adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine.
Background
When a material to be machined is machined and cut by the existing numerical control engraving machine, a high-hardness cutter is usually mounted on a high-speed spindle motor for cutting, and the high-speed rotation of a spindle and the high-hardness cutter are utilized, wherein the rotation speed is usually 24000r/pm, the cutter is usually a cutter made of materials such as hard alloy, a carborundum coating, ceramics and the like, and the hardness range is as follows: 89HRA-95 HRA.
The integrity and durability of these specialized tools play a significant role in the size and precision of the machined product. For example, in the case of metal and stone machining, the hardness of the material is high and the tool must bear a large load. When machining with rapid or deep cuts, these tools are often used beyond the maximum load they can withstand, often resulting in breakage or breakage and scrapping. Therefore, the cutter needs to be replaced frequently, which wastes cost and delays time. When the operator does not find the tool in time or slightly breaks and does not replace the tool, the processed product is waste.
The reason for this is that the machining speed of the machine, i.e., the traveling speed of each axis of the machine, is not well matched with the hardness of the machined material and the cutting depth, and the machining is too fast or too deep, so that the force that the tool can bear in the up-down, left-right, front-back and other directions exceeds the maximum load that the tool can bear, and thus, the tool is damaged or broken and wasted.
Therefore, the carving machine is designed, the processing speed of the cutter can be automatically adjusted according to the stress of the cutter in all directions, and the cutter is prevented from being damaged or broken due to overlarge stress.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a force feedback self-adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine which can automatically regulate the processing speed of a cutter according to the stress of the cutter in all directions and avoid damage or breakage of the cutter caused by overlarge stress.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a flexible engraver of force feedback self-adaptation cutting speed governing includes circuit system and with moving platform, fixing base, the three-dimensional pressure sensor that circuit system electricity is connected, three-dimensional pressure sensor installs move on the platform, the fixing base is used for installing the cutter, the fixing base is installed three-dimensional pressure sensor is last, three-dimensional pressure sensor is used for real-time supervision cutter to bear in the three-dimensional direction the pressure value, and will the pressure value conveys circuit system, circuit system basis the process velocity of pressure value control cutter.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional pressure sensor includes a carrier and a variable resistance material layer, the variable resistance material layer being attached to three mutually perpendicular directions of the carrier, respectively, and the variable resistance material layer being connected to a connection terminal of a surface of the carrier through an internal wiring of the carrier.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carrier is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the carrier has a front surface and a rear surface which are opposite to each other, a top surface and a bottom surface which are opposite to each other, and a left side surface and a right side surface which are opposite to each other, the rear surface is used for being mounted on the movable platform, the front surface is used for mounting the fixed base, the three connection terminals are arranged on the top surface, and the three variable resistance material layers are respectively arranged on the front surface, the left side surface and the bottom surface.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circuit system includes an analog voltage generating module, an a/D converting module, and a control central processing unit, which are electrically connected in sequence, the three-dimensional pressure sensor forms a corresponding resistance value variation according to the borne pressure value and sends the resistance value variation to the analog voltage generating module, the analog voltage generating module is configured to convert the resistance value variation of the three-dimensional pressure sensor into a voltage variation and send the voltage variation to the a/D converting module, the a/D converting module is configured to convert the voltage variation into a digital variation and send the digital variation to the control central processing unit, and the control central processing unit controls the processing speed of the tool according to the digital variation.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control cpu determines a corresponding bearing strength value according to the digital variation, and controls the feeding speed of the tool to be constant if the bearing strength value is smaller than a preset strength value, and controls the feeding speed of the tool to be decreased if the bearing strength value is equal to or greater than the preset strength value.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control cpu includes a memory, and the memory stores the preset intensity values corresponding to each tool.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable platform includes a stepping motor, the circuit system includes a motor driver, the control central processing unit, the motor driver and the stepping motor are electrically connected in sequence, the control central processing unit is configured to send a pulse frequency signal to the motor driver, and the motor driver controls a rotation speed of the stepping motor according to the pulse frequency signal.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the frequency of the pulse frequency signal is decreased, the motor driver controls the stepping motor to decelerate, and if the frequency of the pulse frequency signal is increased, the motor driver controls the stepping motor to accelerate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circuit system includes an upper PC, and the upper PC is electrically connected to the control cpu and configured to set the bearable preset strength values corresponding to the respective tools.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable platform, the three-dimensional pressure sensor and the fixed seat are sequentially connected by a bolt, a snap or a hinge.
The force feedback self-adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
through setting up three-dimensional pressure sensor adds man-hour at the cutter, can sense the cutter in real time about, the size of the atress that the front and back three orientation has the parameter of atress with cutter self and compare, when three-dimensional pressure sensor detected that the power that the cutter received on certain orientation was close the numerical value of the biggest atress of cutter, the process velocity of corresponding direction will slow down automatically, guarantee that the atress of cutter on all directions remains throughout in the within range that is less than cutter self biggest atress, the cutter just can not appear damaged like this, the rupture, overheat loss scheduling problem, thereby the sharpness and the completeness of cutter have been guaranteed, the high efficiency of whole course of working has also been guaranteed simultaneously, the high accuracy of product.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a force feedback adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 to 6 are schematic structural diagrams of the three-dimensional pressure sensor in fig. 1 from five viewing angles.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of the circuitry.
Icon: 100-force feedback self-adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine; 110-a movable platform; 111-a stepper motor; 120-a fixed seat; 130-a cutter; 140-a three-dimensional pressure sensor; 141-a front surface; 142-a rear surface; 143-top surface; 144-a bottom surface; 145-left flank; 146-right side; 147-a carrier; 148-a layer of variable resistance material; 149-connecting terminal; 150-circuitry; 151-analog voltage generating module; 152-A/D conversion module; 153-control central processing unit; 154-motor drive; 155-upper PC; 160-the workpiece to be processed.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention conventionally put into use, or the orientations or positional relationships that the persons skilled in the art conventionally understand, are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
When the existing engraving machine is used, the cutters are often used beyond the maximum load which can be borne by the cutters, and the cutters are often damaged or broken to be discarded. Therefore, the cutter needs to be replaced frequently, which wastes cost and delays time. When the operator does not find the tool in time or slightly breaks and does not replace the tool, the processed product is waste.
The reason for this is that the machining speed of the machine, i.e., the traveling speed of each axis of the machine, is not well matched with the hardness of the machined material and the cutting depth, and the machining is too fast or too deep, so that the force that the tool can bear in the up-down, left-right, front-back and other directions exceeds the maximum load that the tool can bear, and thus, the tool is damaged or broken and wasted.
Therefore, the present embodiment provides a force feedback adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine, which can automatically adjust the processing speed of the tool according to the stress of the tool in each direction, and avoid damage or fracture caused by too large stress of the tool.
Referring to fig. 1, the force feedback adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine 100 includes a circuit system 150, and a movable platform 110, a fixed base 120, and a three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 electrically connected to the circuit system 150.
The three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 is mounted on the movable platform 110, the fixed seat 120 is mounted on the three-dimensional pressure sensor 140, the fixed seat 120 is used for mounting the cutter 130, and the movable platform 110, the three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 and the fixed seat 120 are sequentially connected through bolts, clamping connection or hinges.
The three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 is configured to monitor a pressure value borne by the tool 130 in the three-dimensional direction in real time, and transmit the pressure value to the circuit system 150, and the circuit system 150 controls the processing speed of the tool 130 according to the pressure value.
The movable platform 110 includes three stepping motors 111, wherein one stepping motor 111 can drive the workpiece 160 to be processed to move along the Y-axis direction, that is, along the front-back direction in fig. 1; the other two stepping motors 111 can drive the fixed base 120 to move along the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction respectively.
In other embodiments, the position of the workpiece 160 may be fixed, so that the fixing base 120 can move along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, respectively.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, the three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 includes a carrier 147 and a variable resistance material layer 148, the variable resistance material layer 148 is attached to the carrier 147 in three mutually perpendicular directions, and the variable resistance material layer 148 is connected to a connection terminal 149 on the surface of the carrier 147 through an internal wire of the carrier 147.
Specifically, the carrier 147 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the carrier 147 has a front surface 141 and a rear surface 142 opposite to each other, a top surface 143 and a bottom surface 144 opposite to each other, a left side surface 145 and a right side surface 146 opposite to each other, the rear surface 142 is used for mounting on the movable platform 110, the front surface 141 is used for mounting the fixed base 120, three connection terminals 149 are provided on the top surface 143, and three variable resistance material layers 148 are provided on the front surface 141, the left side surface 145 and the bottom surface 144, respectively.
When the tool 130 is pressed in a certain direction, for example, when the tool 130 is subjected to resistance in a traveling direction, the force applied to the tool 130 is transmitted to the three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 through the stepping motor 111 and the fixing base 120 in sequence, the carrier 147 of the three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 is physically deformed under the force applied thereto, and the corresponding variable resistance material layer 148 is also physically deformed. The electrical characteristic of the variable resistance material layer 148 is that when its own shape is changed, its own resistance value is changed, and the change of the resistance value and the change of the shape are in a linear relationship, i.e., the deformation becomes large, the resistance value becomes large, the deformation becomes small, the resistance value becomes small, the deformation is not changed, the resistance value is kept constant, and when the deformation of the three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 is 1 to 5 micrometers, the resistance value can be changed.
Referring to fig. 7, the circuit system 150 includes an analog voltage generating module 151, an a/D converting module 152, and a control central processing unit 153, which are electrically connected in sequence, the three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 forms a corresponding resistance value variation according to a borne pressure value and sends the resistance value variation to the analog voltage generating module 151, the analog voltage generating module 151 is configured to convert the resistance value variation of the three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 into a voltage variation and send the voltage variation to the a/D converting module 152, the a/D converting module 152 is configured to convert the voltage variation into a digital variation and send the digital variation to the control central processing unit 153, and the control central processing unit 153 controls the processing speed of the tool 130 according to the digital variation.
The circuit system 150 further includes a motor driver 154, the control central processing unit 153, the motor driver 154 and the stepping motor 111 are electrically connected in sequence, the control central processing unit 153 is configured to send a pulse frequency signal to the motor driver 154, and the motor driver 154 controls the rotation speed of the stepping motor 111 according to the pulse frequency signal. If the frequency of the pulse frequency signal is decreased, the motor driver 154 controls the stepping motor 111 to decelerate, and if the frequency of the pulse frequency signal is increased, the motor driver 154 controls the stepping motor 111 to accelerate.
The control cpu 153 determines a corresponding bearing strength value according to the digital variation, and controls the feeding speed of the tool 130 to be constant if the bearing strength value is smaller than a preset strength value, and controls the feeding speed of the tool 130 to be decreased if the bearing strength value is equal to or greater than the preset strength value. The circuit system 150 includes an upper PC 155, and the upper PC 155 is electrically connected to the control cpu 153 and configured to set a bearable preset strength value corresponding to each tool 130. The control cpu 153 includes a memory, which stores the acceptable preset intensity values corresponding to the respective tools 130.
The force feedback adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine 100 provided by the embodiment has the beneficial effects that:
through the arrangement of the three-dimensional pressure sensor 140, when the cutter 130 is machined, the magnitude of the bearing force of the cutter 130 in the vertical, horizontal and front-back directions can be sensed in real time to be compared with the parameter of the bearing force of the cutter 130, when the three-dimensional pressure sensor 140 detects that the force of the cutter 130 in a certain direction is close to the value of the maximum bearing force of the cutter 130, the machining speed in the corresponding direction can be automatically reduced, the condition that the force of the cutter 130 in each direction is always kept in the range smaller than the maximum bearing force of the cutter 130 is ensured, and therefore the problems of damage, breakage, overheating loss and the like of the cutter 130 can be avoided, the sharpness and the integrity of the cutter 130 are ensured, meanwhile, the high efficiency of the whole machining process and the high precision of a product are also ensured. The damage rate of the cutter 130 is greatly reduced in the actual work, in the machining process, an operator does not need to replace the damaged cutter 130 to waste the machining time, and the cost of the cutter 130 can be greatly saved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A force feedback adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine is characterized by comprising a circuit system (150), a movable platform (110), a fixed seat (120) and a three-dimensional pressure sensor (140), wherein the movable platform (110), the fixed seat (120) and the three-dimensional pressure sensor (140) are electrically connected with the circuit system (150), the three-dimensional pressure sensor (140) is installed on the movable platform (110), the fixed seat (120) is used for installing a cutter (130), the fixed seat (120) is installed on the three-dimensional pressure sensor (140), the three-dimensional pressure sensor (140) comprises a carrier (147) and a variable resistance material layer (148), the variable resistance material layer (148) is respectively attached to the three mutually perpendicular directions of the carrier (147), and the variable resistance material layer (148) is connected to a connecting terminal (149) on the surface of the carrier (147) through an internal lead of the carrier (147), the three-dimensional pressure sensor (140) is used for monitoring the pressure value borne by the cutter (130) in the three-dimensional direction in real time and transmitting the pressure value to the circuit system (150), the circuit system (150) controls the processing speed of the cutter (130) according to the pressure value, the carrier (147) is in the shape of a cuboid, the carrier (147) is provided with a front surface (141) and a rear surface (142) which are oppositely arranged, a top surface (143) and a bottom surface (144) which are oppositely arranged, a left side surface (145) and a right side surface (146) which are oppositely arranged, the rear surface (142) is used for being installed on the movable platform (110), the front surface (141) is used for being installed on the fixed seat (120), the three connecting terminals (149) are arranged on the top surface (143), and the three variable resistance material layers (148) are respectively arranged on the front surface (141), the left side surface (145) and the bottom surface (, the circuit system (150) comprises an analog voltage generation module (151), an A/D conversion module (152) and a control central processing unit (153) which are electrically connected in sequence, the three-dimensional pressure sensor (140) forms a corresponding resistance value variation according to the borne pressure value and sends the resistance value variation to the analog voltage generation module (151), the analog voltage generation module (151) is used for converting the resistance value variation of the three-dimensional pressure sensor (140) into a voltage variation and sending the voltage variation to the A/D conversion module (152), the A/D conversion module (152) is used for converting the voltage variation into a digital variation and sending the digital variation to the control central processing unit (153), the control central processing unit (153) determines a corresponding bearing strength value according to the digital variation, and if the bearing strength value is smaller than a preset strength value, the feeding speed of the control cutter (130) is kept unchanged, and if the bearing strength value is equal to or greater than the preset strength value, the feeding speed of the control cutter (130) is reduced.
2. The force feedback adaptive cutting speed regulating flexible engraving machine according to claim 1, wherein the control central processing unit (153) comprises a memory storing the preset intensity values bearable for each tool (130).
3. The force feedback adaptive cutting speed regulation flexible engraving machine according to claim 1, wherein the movable platform (110) comprises a stepping motor (111), the circuit system (150) comprises a motor driver (154), the control central processing unit (153), the motor driver (154) and the stepping motor (111) are electrically connected in sequence, the control central processing unit (153) is used for sending a pulse frequency signal to the motor driver (154), and the motor driver (154) controls the rotating speed of the stepping motor (111) according to the pulse frequency signal.
4. The force feedback adaptive cutting speed regulating flexible engraving machine according to claim 3, wherein the motor driver (154) controls the stepping motor (111) to decelerate if the frequency of the pulse frequency signal is reduced, and the motor driver (154) controls the stepping motor (111) to accelerate if the frequency of the pulse frequency signal is increased.
5. The force feedback adaptive cutting speed regulating flexible engraving machine according to claim 2, wherein the circuit system (150) comprises an upper PC (155), the upper PC (155) is electrically connected with the control central processing unit (153) for setting the preset bearable intensity value corresponding to each tool (130).
6. The force feedback adaptive cutting speed regulating flexible engraving machine according to claim 1, wherein the movable platform (110), the three-dimensional pressure sensor (140) and the fixed seat (120) are sequentially bolted, clamped or hinged.
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| CN201911417561.0A CN111070950B (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Flexible engraver of force feedback self-adaptation cutting speed governing |
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| CN201911417561.0A CN111070950B (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Flexible engraver of force feedback self-adaptation cutting speed governing |
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| CN111070950B true CN111070950B (en) | 2020-12-18 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104943457A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-09-30 | 王鑫海 | 3D carving machine |
| CN105651425A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-08 | 航天长征火箭技术有限公司 | Three-dimensional pressure sensor detecting granary reserves |
| CN205889429U (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-01-18 | 江阴市鸿磊电子材料有限公司 | Engraver for panel processing |
| CN207931335U (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-10-02 | 张文龙 | A kind of novel numerical controlled solid carving machine with garbage collection |
| CN208099614U (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-11-16 | 东莞芬尼机电设备有限公司 | A kind of electronic engraving machine |
| CN108971761B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2021-03-09 | 浙江嘉龙雕刻股份有限公司 | Laser engraving machine suitable for three-dimensional reinforcement |
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