CN111052993A - Method for planting crops by natural farming method - Google Patents
Method for planting crops by natural farming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111052993A CN111052993A CN201911156153.4A CN201911156153A CN111052993A CN 111052993 A CN111052993 A CN 111052993A CN 201911156153 A CN201911156153 A CN 201911156153A CN 111052993 A CN111052993 A CN 111052993A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D91/00—Methods for harvesting agricultural products
- A01D91/04—Products growing above the soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting crops by a natural farming method, which comprises the following steps: restoring the original ecological state of the soil to ensure that more microorganisms exist in the soil, planting natural agricultural crops, planting multi-season crops or self-produced weeds, and continuously planting self-reserved crops in a mode of continuous cropping according to the second step and the third step every year. The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. by adopting the invention to plant crops, not only soil is protected from being polluted, but also natural agricultural crops are produced; 2. the nutrients for the growth of crops can be provided by the fact that the plants growing in the same piece of soil are converted into organic matters in the soil, so that chemical fertilizers are not needed for the planting of the crops; 3. because the plants in the soil are diversified, diversified organic matters can be generated, so that crop products contain various nutritional factors; 4. because seeds of crops are subjected to strong retention and weak retention and selection every year, self-retained seeds are evolved every year.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a crop planting method, in particular to a method for planting crops by a natural farming method.
Background
Crops are the most important food for human beings to live, and with the progress of human cultivation and farming technology, the progress and innovation of the crop cultivation technology will have important influence on the survival and life of people in the twenty-first century in the long term. However, in view of the current domestic crop planting situation, people are using a large amount of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other industrial chemical varieties to plant crops in order to improve and pursue the high yield of crops and reduce the labor input, and the following problems have arisen due to the repeated use of the industrial chemical varieties: 1) the leaching speed of free mineral elements in the soil is accelerated. According to analysis, about 30% of chemical fertilizer is absorbed by plants after being applied to soil, and about 70% of chemical fertilizer enters underground water to circulate along with rainwater and plant irrigation leaching, so that the phenomenon of pollution of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in an underground water system is caused. Seriously harms the production of fishery industry and the living environment of people, and the process has an important relation with the pollution of chemical preparations such as chemical fertilizers and the like. 2) The physical and chemical properties, air permeability and pH value of the soil are deteriorated. After chemical preparations such as chemical fertilizers, chemical pesticides and the like are used for a long time in a large amount, a series of physicochemical properties such as permeability, water absorbability, redox capability and the like of soil are obviously deteriorated. After the fertilizer is used for a long time, the balance of mineral nutrition of soil is seriously influenced, so that the disease of crops, such as easy rotting, and the like, is popular. 3) The chemical pollution of the soil is serious. With the application of chemical preparations such as chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides, harmful ions, accessory ions and heavy metal ions in the chemical preparations are directionally accumulated in soil along with the use of the chemical preparations, so that the physicochemical properties of the soil are destroyed, the fertilizer and water holding capacity and the fertilizer and water supply capacity of the soil are reduced, the growth of plants is threatened, and the harmful ions enter the plants in a passive absorption mode after long-term accumulation and finally the health of consumers is threatened.
Generally, the amount of organic matter, minerals, moisture, etc. consumed to produce a given amount of plant is constant and relatively stable. For example, in the absorption of mineral elements, the species which are normally absorbed by plants actively and passively can reach more than 30 species, in the traditional agricultural period of plant production, the material output (plant output) and input (plant fertilization) of plant soil are basically balanced, and in the commercial production period which takes chemical fertilizers as main bodies, because the artificial chemical fertilizers can only supplement a small amount of species such as N, P, K, Ca, Fe and the like, and the input proportion is difficult to match with the plant output proportion, in the large plant production system, on one hand, the temporary unbalanced production is maintained at the expense of the reduction of soil organic matters, and on the other hand, the unbalanced plant production is carried out at the expense of the diversity and balance of the species in plants. Other kinds of nutrients in plants, such as organic substances, proteins, vitamins, aromatic substances and other components, all exhibit different degrees of imbalance, and have a similar law with mineral elements. Therefore, physiological phenomena such as deterioration of plant flavor, aggravation of diseases, and deterioration of anti-aging ability are inevitable under the condition of system imbalance.
In addition, original microbial population in soil is damaged, original multielement organic nutrient components obtained during the growth of crops are reduced, the nutrient components tend to be monotonized and are not beneficial to human health, and the negative effects need to be verified after human beings wait for verification.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the method for planting the crops by the natural farming method is provided, so that the polluted soil is restored to the original ecological state, and the crops by the natural farming method are planted in the original ecological soil environment to meet the requirements of people.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for planting crops by a natural farming method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows:
at present, because a large amount of industrial chemicals are used in the process of planting crops, the soil environment is polluted or damaged, before natural agricultural crops are planted, the soil needs to be restored to the original ecological state before, and more multi-element microbial populations beneficial to the growth of the crops exist in the soil.
a. In the first year, sowing various crops and weeds in the polluted soil to ensure that the plant varieties in the soil show diversity; in four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, various crops and weeds are naturally survived, propagated, died to rot and converted into diversified organic matter varieties in soil. Then, along with the change of solar terms, plants in the soil naturally alternate to live, more organic matters are generated, and the population number of microorganisms living in the soil is recovered, diversified and periodically propagated or dormant;
the water is used for the soil, and rain water or pollution-free raw water is used for irrigating or irrigating, so that the residual content of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other industrial products used in the past in the soil is reduced, and the soil is restored to the original ecological state before industrial products are not used.
b. In the second year: the method is characterized in that crops and weeds are continuously sown in the soil, the sowing only replenishes crops with weak vitality, the diversity of plant species in the soil is kept, the original natural ecological state is reduced or presented, namely, the ecological chain of the plants or the ecological population of the plants is reduced or presented, as many as possible diversified organic matter varieties are provided for the soil, the microbial population number adaptive to the variety of the variety is obtained to be a living and breeding environment, the roots of the plants grow in the soil in diversified various microbial populations, more enzymes and growth stimulants are obtained, various nutritional ingredients are obtained, finally, the various plants grow and are reduced to be in the original ecological state in the original ecological environment, and more multivariate antibodies and multivariate nutrients are generated in the natural growth.
The rain water or the pollution-free raw water is used for irrigating or irrigating plants, so that the residual content of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other industrial products in the soil is continuously reduced, and the soil is further restored to the original ecological state before the industrial products are not used.
Since plants grow by absorbing effective gases in the air in photosynthesis, sunlight and air have a great influence on the growth of plants. The high branch plants growing in the soil have adverse effects such as shading, wind shielding and the like on the dwarf plants, and influence the growth of the dwarf plants; on the premise of not influencing the variety diversity of plants, the plants are subjected to height-keeping and height-removing treatment; the short height removing treatment comprises the following steps: and (4) reserving the dwarf plants in the soil, and performing degradation treatment on the high-branch plants. The degradation treatment is as follows: in the growing period of the high branch plants, the main branches are cut, the auxiliary branches and the roots are left, and the seeds are degraded continuously for a long time.
Because some plants are easy to attract diseases and insect pests or lay eggs and breed, the diseases and the insect pests can survive for a long time, and the plants are subjected to root removal treatment, so that the living environment of the diseases and the insect pests can be damaged, and the damage chance of the diseases and the insect pests to the plants is reduced.
By adopting biological control measures, beneficial organisms such as ladybug, spider, predatory mites and parasitic wasps in the tea garden are protected and utilized to deal with plant diseases and insect pests, so that the damage possibility of the number of the plant diseases and insect pests to plants can be reduced.
Second step, planting natural agricultural crops
a. And (3) soil planting conditions: when the residues of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other industrial products in the soil are basically eliminated, the plant population shows diversified growth, and the soil is restored or shows the original natural ecological state, so that crops can be planted.
b. Seed selection: and selecting full, large and heavy crop seeds as self-reserved seeds, selecting an original ecological seed variety planted by a natural farming method and a crop seed variety produced from an original producing area for the seeds in the first year, comparing the seeds, optimizing the seeds in the next year, selecting one of the seeds and the original ecological seed variety, and determining the future local crop planting variety.
c. Planting
① land preparation;
② sowing seeds or raising seedlings;
③ planting management:
irrigation and drainage or watering, wherein soil is irrigated or irrigated by using rainwater or pollution-free raw water;
treating weeds: carrying out short-keeping and high-removing treatment on weeds; removing roots of weeds which attract diseases and insect pests and are easy to spawn and propagate; other weeds were not treated;
insect pest removing treatment: by adopting biological control measures, beneficial organisms such as ladybug, spider, predatory mites and parasitic wasps in the tea garden are protected and utilized to deal with plant diseases and insect pests.
④ harvesting, wherein the crops are harvested after being mature;
⑤ returning the straw to the field, leaving the fruit of the crop and crushing the straw to return to the field soil.
e. Seed selection: the seeds of the large-particle and overweight crop fruits are separated by adopting physical seed selection methods such as a vibrating mesh screen, a wind blowing distance and the like, and are reserved as seeds for sowing in the next year.
Third step, planting multi-season crop or self-producing weed
For multi-season crops, only fruits are harvested, and the straws of the fruits are returned to the field to be converted into organic matters in soil, so that the rich organic matter content in the soil is ensured.
The fourth step, planting the self-reserving crops by continuous cropping according to the method of the second step and the third step every year
a. On the same soil, the soil planting environment is not influenced or damaged by industrial chemicals year after year, so that the soil is closer to the original ecological state, a large amount of diversified organic matters are accumulated in the soil, diversified microbial populations of more varieties exist, and the soil is periodically propagated or dormant as the time and solar terms change;
b. planting crops, wherein the planting is carried out year after year, and the last year of planting is preferentially used, so that the crops are evolved in the original ecological soil of diversified microbial populations year after year, are strong and are more vital, and finally become natural agricultural crops with more and more nutrient components and contents and more mass production;
c. high-branch weeds in the soil degrade year after year in the process of repairing; attracting plant diseases and insect pests and easily laying eggs to reproduce plants: year after year, the number of roots is reduced year by year in the root removal; beneficial organisms such as ladybug, spider, predatory mites and parasitic wasps in the ground are increased year after year.
The idea sources of the invention are: the original forest and undeveloped soil in nature have flourishing vegetation which grows under the condition that no chemical fertilizer, pesticide, herbicide and other industrial chemicals are used. This shows that plants grow in the original natural environment soil, and can grow and reproduce naturally only by relying on sunlight, air, water and diversified microbial populations existing in the soil, and the growth vigor is very prosperous, that is: the diversified microbial species in the soil can enable plants to carry out the biochemical reaction of effective components (gas) in the air and water through the photosynthesis so as to enable the plants to grow. The original ecological natural environment is natural and is in the original ecological environment of the local area, that is: organic matters and microorganisms in local soil, environmental temperature and plants adapted to the organic matters and the microorganisms are closely related and inseparable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. because the invention is adopted to plant crops, industrial chemicals are not used in the planting process, so that the soil is in the original ecological state, thereby not only protecting the soil from being polluted, but also leading the produced crop products to be natural agricultural crops; 2. in the invention, the nutrients for the growth of crops can be provided by the plants growing in the same soil after being converted into organic matters in the soil, so that the crops can be planted without chemical fertilizers; 3. because the plants in the crop field are diversified and produce a large number of plants, diversified organic matters can be generated in the soil after cultivation, so that the roots of the crops can grow in the soil and can be positioned in diversified microbial populations, more varieties of enzymes and growth stimulants can be obtained, various nutrient components can be obtained, and finally, the crops in the soil can generate a polybasic antibody and a polybasic nutrient body in natural growth, so that the crop products contain various nutrient elements which are beneficial to human bodies and naturally grow; 4. because the root removing treatment is carried out on the plants which attract the diseases and insect pests and are easy to spawn and propagate year by year and the diseases and insect pests are removed by adopting a biological and physical method, the ecological environment of the diseases and insect pests is destroyed, the opportunity of the diseases and insect pests to invade wheat is reduced, and the crops are planted without pesticides; 5. because the high-branch plants are degenerated every year and are dwarfed, the illumination and ventilation conditions of crops are very good; 6. In the planting process, no chemical fertilizer, pesticide or herbicide is used, so that the production cost can be reduced, the price of crops can be increased, and the economic efficiency is better; 7. because seeds of crops are subjected to strong retention and weak removal for seed retention and selection every year, self-retained seeds are evolved every year, and continuous cropping planting is carried out on the soil, so that organic matters in the soil are increased every year, and the crop yield shows the annual growth situation; 8. because high-yield crops and weeds grow in the soil, only fruits are taken from the crops, and the straws of the crops are returned to the field, the material output (plant output) and the input (plant fertilization) of the plant soil are basically balanced in the conventional agricultural period of plant production, and the material output (crop fruit output) and the input (crop straw and weed output) of the plant soil are basically balanced or the material output (crop fruit output) of the plant soil is smaller than the input (crop straw and weed output) in the invention.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to preferred embodiments.
A method for planting crops by a natural farming method comprises the following steps:
the first step is that before natural agricultural crops are planted, the soil needs to be restored to the original ecological state before restoration, so that more microbial populations exist in the soil.
In the first year, sowing various crops and weeds in the polluted soil to ensure that the plant varieties in the soil show diversity; in four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, various crops and weeds are naturally survived, propagated, died to rot and converted into diversified organic matter varieties in soil. Then, with the change of solar terms, the plants in the soil can naturally and alternately live, more organic matters are generated, and the population of the microorganisms living in the soil can be recovered and diversified, and can be periodically bred or dormant.
The rainwater or the pollution-free raw water is used for irrigating or irrigating plants, so that the residual content of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other industrial chemicals used in the past in the soil is reduced, and the soil is restored to the original ecological state before the industrial chemicals are used.
In the second year: the method is characterized in that crops and weeds are continuously sown in the soil, the sowing only replenishes crops with weak vitality, the diversity of plant species in the soil is kept, the original natural ecological state is reduced or presented, namely, the ecological chain of the plants or the ecological population of the plants is reduced or presented, as many as possible diversified organic matter varieties are provided for the soil, the microbial population number adaptive to the variety of the variety is obtained to be a living and breeding environment, the roots of the plants grow in the soil in diversified various microbial populations, more enzymes and growth stimulants are obtained, various nutritional ingredients are obtained, finally, the various plants grow and are reduced to be in the original ecological state in the original ecological environment, and more multivariate antibodies and multivariate nutrients are generated in the natural growth.
The rain water or the pollution-free raw water is used for irrigating or irrigating plants, so that the residual content of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other industrial products in the soil is continuously reduced, and the soil is further restored to the original ecological state before the industrial products are not used.
Since plants grow by absorbing effective gases in the air in photosynthesis, sunlight and air have a great influence on the growth of plants. The high branch plants growing in the soil have adverse effects such as shading, wind shielding and the like on the dwarf plants, and influence the growth of the dwarf plants; on the premise of not influencing the variety diversity of plants, the plants are subjected to height-keeping and height-removing treatment; the short height removing treatment comprises the following steps: and (4) reserving the dwarf plants in the soil, and performing degradation treatment on the high-branch plants. The degradation treatment is as follows: in the growing period of the high branch plants, the main branches are cut, the auxiliary branches and the roots are left, and the seeds are degraded continuously for a long time.
Because some plants are easy to attract diseases and insect pests or lay eggs and breed, the diseases and the insect pests can survive for a long time, and the plants are subjected to root removal treatment in the growing period, so that the living environment of the diseases and the insect pests can be damaged, and the damage probability of the diseases and the insect pests to the plants is reduced.
The second step, plant the crops of natural agricultural method, its flow is:
a. and (3) soil planting conditions: when the residues of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other industrial products in the soil are basically eliminated, the plant population shows diversified growth, and the soil is restored or shows the original natural ecological state, so that the rice can be planted.
b. And (3) soil water, namely irrigating by using rainwater or pollution-free raw water to ensure that the soil water is pollution-free.
c. Seed selection: and selecting full, large and heavy crop seeds as self-reserved seeds, selecting an original ecological seed variety planted by a natural farming method and a crop seed variety produced from an original producing area for the seeds in the first year, comparing the seeds, optimizing the seeds in the next year, selecting one of the seeds and the original ecological seed variety, and determining the future local crop planting variety.
d. Planting
① land preparation;
② sowing seeds or raising seedlings;
③ planting management:
irrigation and drainage or watering, wherein soil is irrigated or irrigated by using rainwater or pollution-free raw water;
and (3) weed treatment: carrying out short-keeping and high-removing treatment on weeds; removing roots of weeds which attract diseases and insect pests and are easy to spawn and propagate; other weeds were not treated;
insect pest removing treatment: biological control measures are taken to protect and utilize beneficial organisms such as ladybug, spider, predatory mites and parasitic wasps in the soil, so that the beneficial organisms can deal with plant diseases and insect pests.[
④ harvesting, wherein the crops are harvested after being mature;
⑤ returning the straw to the field, leaving the fruit of the crop and crushing the straw to return to the field soil.
e. Seed selection: the seeds of the large-particle and overweight crop fruits are separated by adopting physical seed selection methods such as a vibrating mesh screen, a wind blowing distance and the like, and are reserved as seeds for sowing in the next year.
f. Seed selection: the method is characterized in that the paddy is sorted by adopting physical seed selection methods such as a vibrating mesh screen, a wind blowing distance and the like, and the large and heavy paddy is selected as seeds and left for sowing in the next year.
A third step of planting season-changing crops or weeds
For season-changing crops, only fruits are harvested, and the straws of the fruits are returned to the field to be converted into organic matters in soil, so that the rich organic matter content in the soil is ensured.
The fourth step, planting the self-reserving crops by continuous cropping according to the method of the second step and the third step every year
a. On the same soil, the soil planting environment is not influenced or damaged by industrial chemicals year after year, so that the soil is closer to the original ecological state, a large amount of diversified organic matters are accumulated in the soil, diversified microbial populations of more varieties exist, and the soil is periodically propagated or dormant as the time and solar terms change;
b. planting crops, wherein the planting is carried out year after year, and the last year of planting is preferentially used, so that the crops are evolved in the original ecological soil of diversified microbial populations year after year, are strong and are more vital, and finally become natural agricultural crops with more and more nutrient components and contents and more mass production;
c. high-branch weeds in the soil degrade year after year in the process of repairing; attracting plant diseases and insect pests and easily laying eggs to reproduce plants: year after year, the number of roots removed decreases year by year. The fourth step, planting the self-reserving crops by continuous cropping according to the method of the second step and the third step every year
a. On the same soil, the soil planting environment is not influenced or damaged by industrial chemicals year after year, so that the soil is closer to the original ecological state, a large amount of diversified organic matters are accumulated in the soil, diversified microbial populations of more varieties exist, and the soil is periodically propagated or dormant as the time and solar terms change;
b. crops are planted, the planting is carried out year after year, and the planting is preferably carried out for the last year, so that the crops are evolved in the original ecological soil of diversified microbial populations year after year, the crops become strong and more vital, and various nutrients in the crops are increased and produced in a large amount;
c. high-branch weeds in the soil degrade year after year in the process of repairing; attracting plant diseases and insect pests and easily laying eggs to reproduce plants: year after year, the number of roots is reduced year by year in the root removal; beneficial organisms such as ladybug, spider, predatory mites and parasitic wasps in the ground are increased year after year.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A method for planting crops by a natural farming method is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
the first step, restoring the original ecological state of the restored soil to ensure that more microbial populations exist in the soil
a. In the first year, sowing various crops and weeds in the polluted soil to ensure that the plant varieties in the soil show diversity; in four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, various crops and weeds are naturally survived, propagated, died to rot and converted into diversified organic matter varieties in soil;
then, along with the change of solar terms, plants in the soil naturally alternate to live, more organic matters are generated, and the population number of microorganisms living in the soil is recovered, diversified and periodically propagated or dormant;
the soil is irrigated or irrigated by using rainwater or pollution-free raw water, so that the residual content of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other industrial products used in the past in the soil is reduced, and the soil is restored to the original ecological state before industrial products are not used;
b. in the second year: the method comprises the following steps of (1) continuously sowing crops and weeds with weak vitality in soil in a supplementing manner, maintaining the diversity of plant species in the soil, reducing or presenting the original natural ecological state, namely reducing or presenting a plant ecological chain or plant ecological population, providing the soil with diversified organic matter varieties as much as possible, and obtaining the living and breeding environment of the microbial population number adapted to the soil, so that the root of a plant grows in the soil in diversified various microbial populations, more enzymes and growth stimulants are obtained, various nutritional ingredients are obtained, and finally various plants grow and are reduced to the original ecological state in the original ecological environment, and more multi-element antibodies and multi-element nutrients are generated in the natural growth;
and (3) soil plant management: water is used in the soil, rainwater or pollution-free raw water is used for irrigation or irrigation, the residual content of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other industrial products in the soil is continuously reduced, and the soil is further restored to the original ecological state before the industrial products are not used;
biological control measures are taken to protect and utilize beneficial organisms such as ladybug, spider, predatory mites, parasitic wasps and the like in the tea garden land, so that the beneficial organisms can deal with plant diseases and insect pests;
carrying out short-keeping and high-removing treatment on the plants;
removing roots of plants which attract diseases and insect pests and are easy to spawn and propagate;
second step, planting natural agricultural crops
a. And (3) soil planting conditions: the residues of pesticide, chemical fertilizer, pesticide and other industrial products in the soil are eliminated, the plant population shows diversified growth, and the soil is restored or shows the original natural ecological state;
b. seed selection: selecting full-grain, large and heavy crop seeds as self-reserved seeds, selecting an original ecological seed variety planted by a natural farming method and a crop seed variety produced from an original producing area for the seeds in the first year, carrying out planting comparison, carrying out optimization in the next year, selecting one of the original ecological seed variety and the crop seed variety, and determining a future local crop planting variety;
c. planting
① land preparation;
② sowing seeds or raising seedlings;
③ planting management:
irrigation and drainage or watering, wherein soil is irrigated or irrigated by using rainwater or pollution-free raw water;
a, carrying out dwarfing and height removal treatment on weeds growing in soil and exceeding the height of bean seedlings; b. the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out root removal treatment on crops and weeds which attract diseases and insect pests and are easy to spawn and propagate; c. biological control measures are taken to protect and utilize beneficial organisms such as ladybug, spider, predatory mites, parasitic wasps and the like in the tea garden land, so that the beneficial organisms can deal with plant diseases and insect pests;
④ harvesting, wherein the crops are harvested after being mature;
⑤ returning the straws to the field, namely, leaving the crop fruits, and crushing the crop straws to return to the field soil;
d. seed selection: separating seeds of large-particle and overweight crop fruits by adopting a physical seed selection method, reserving the seeds as seeds, and sowing the seeds in the next year;
a third step of planting season-changing crops or weeds
For season-changing crops, only fruits are harvested, and the straws of the fruits are returned to the field;
the fourth step, planting the self-reserving crops by continuous cropping according to the method of the second step and the third step every year
a. On the same soil, the soil planting environment is not influenced or damaged by industrial chemicals year after year, so that the soil is closer to the original ecological state, a large amount of diversified organic matters are accumulated in the soil, diversified microbial populations of more varieties exist, and the soil is periodically propagated or dormant as the time and solar terms change;
b. planting crops, namely planting the crops after year by using the reserved seeds in the last year preferentially, so that the crops are evolved in the original ecological soil of diversified microbial populations year by year, become strong and more vital, and finally become natural agricultural crops with more balanced various nutritional ingredients and contents and more mass production;
c. high-branch weeds in the soil degrade year after year in the process of repairing; attracting plant diseases and insect pests and easily laying eggs to reproduce plants: year after year, the number of roots is reduced year by year in the root removal; beneficial organisms such as ladybug, spider, predatory mites and parasitic wasps in the ground are increased year after year.
2. The method for planting a natural agricultural crop according to claim 1, wherein the short height-keeping treatment is; and (4) reserving the dwarf plants in the soil, and performing degradation treatment on the high-branch plants.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the physical seed selection is carried out by screening the crop with a mesh screen or by wind power, and selecting seeds of large and heavy crops as seeds.
4. The method for planting a natural agricultural crop according to claim 1, wherein the degradation treatment is: in the growing period of the high branch plants, the main branches are cut, the auxiliary branches and the roots are left, and the seeds are degraded continuously for a long time.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102754577A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-10-31 | 蒋俊钦 | Natural farming method for planting rice |
| CN103283458A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-11 | 句容市赵庄林苗场 | Cultivation method of pollution-free tea |
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