CN111049404A - SOC (State of Charge) balancing method for super-capacitor energy storage unit integrated multi-level converter - Google Patents

SOC (State of Charge) balancing method for super-capacitor energy storage unit integrated multi-level converter Download PDF

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CN111049404A
CN111049404A CN201911331938.0A CN201911331938A CN111049404A CN 111049404 A CN111049404 A CN 111049404A CN 201911331938 A CN201911331938 A CN 201911331938A CN 111049404 A CN111049404 A CN 111049404A
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soc
super capacitor
phase
energy storage
storage unit
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申科
赵国栋
赵丹
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an SOC (state of charge) balancing method of a super-capacitor energy storage unit integrated multi-level converter. By analyzing the energy relation between the alternating current output of the multi-level converter and the super-capacitor energy storage unit, decoupling control between the alternating current side and the direct current side is achieved, and the purpose of super-capacitor SOC balance is achieved while stable output of the alternating current side is achieved. The invention provides powerful guarantee for continuous and efficient work of the converter on the basis of solving the problem of capacitance and voltage fluctuation of the submodule of the traditional modular multilevel converter.

Description

SOC (State of Charge) balancing method for super-capacitor energy storage unit integrated multi-level converter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of multilevel converters, and particularly relates to a SOC (system on chip) equalization method of a multilevel converter.
Background
The modularized multi-level converter has the characteristics of high modularization, easiness in expansion and good output performance, so that the application field of the modularized multi-level converter is increasingly wide. Particularly in the field of high-voltage high-power transmission, the modular multilevel converter is used for controlling the high-voltage high-power motor, so that the high-efficiency and energy-saving operation of the high-voltage high-power motor is realized, and the high-voltage high-power motor is a breakthrough progress and has very important scientific research and industrial application values.
It was found that when the modular multilevel converter is operated under variable frequency (especially low frequency) conditions, the amplitude of the sub-module capacitor voltage ripple increases with decreasing phase current frequency, and tends to infinity when the phase current frequency is zero, which brings great difficulties for variable frequency applications of the modular multilevel converter. To solve this problem, an effective method in the prior art is to add a super capacitor energy storage unit into a modular multilevel converter to form the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter, so as to realize active suppression of fluctuation energy. However, after the energy storage unit is added, the problem of SOC balance of the energy storage unit cannot be solved well, so that sub-module capacitor voltage fluctuation is caused, and the multi-level converter cannot work continuously and efficiently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an SOC balancing method of a super-capacitor energy storage unit integrated multi-level converter. By analyzing the energy relation between the alternating current output of the multi-level converter and the super-capacitor energy storage unit, decoupling control between the alternating current side and the direct current side is achieved, and the purpose of super-capacitor SOC balance is achieved while stable output of the alternating current side is achieved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for balancing SOC of a supercapacitor energy storage cell integrated multilevel converter, comprising the following steps:
step 1: connecting a controller with the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter;
step 2: the controller collects the real-time voltage value of the super capacitor of each submodule in the modular multilevel converter of the super capacitor energy storage unit;
and step 3: calculating the SOC value of the super capacitor in each submodule by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002329863480000011
in the formula SOCiRepresents the SOC value of the ith sub-module, i is the sub-module serial number,
Figure BDA0002329863480000012
is the real-time voltage value, SC, of the super capacitor in the ith sub-moduleiIs shown asi supercapacitors in the submodules, t represents time,
Figure BDA0002329863480000021
rated voltage of the super capacitors in the sub-modules is the same;
and 4, step 4: calculating the SOC average value of the super capacitor in each x-phase submodule of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter:
Figure BDA0002329863480000022
in the formula, N is one half of the total number of submodules in the x phase;
calculating the SOC average value of the super capacitor in each submodule of the x-phase upper bridge arm of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter:
Figure BDA0002329863480000023
calculating the SOC average value of the super capacitor in each submodule of the x-phase lower bridge arm of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter:
Figure BDA0002329863480000024
and 5: the SOC average value SOC of the super capacitor of the upper bridge arm of the x-th phase submoduleupInputting the SOC balance reference value as a submodule SOC balance reference value into an SOC balance link, and obtaining a single-phase duty ratio signal of SOC balance through feedback control
Figure BDA0002329863480000025
The mean value SOC of the super capacitor SOC of the x-th phase sub-modulephaseAnd the mean value SOC of the super capacitor SOC of the sub-module of the upper bridge arm on the x phaseupAnd the SOC average value SOC of the supercapacitor of the sub-module of the x-th lower bridge armlowInputting the single-phase bridge arm duty ratio signal as a bridge arm SOC balance reference value into an SOC balance link, and obtaining the SOC balanced single-phase bridge arm duty ratio signal through feedback control
Figure BDA0002329863480000026
Step 6: the compensation power is calculated from:
Figure BDA0002329863480000027
in the formula,. DELTA.PDCRepresents the value of the compensation power, PchargeRepresenting the charging power, SOC, of the supercapacitormaxAnd SOCminRespectively setting an upper limit value and a lower limit value of a preset super capacitor SOC value; then, the delta P is addedDCThe input current regulator obtains a common mode duty ratio signal d by PI control calculationcom；
And 7: the single-phase duty ratio signals obtained in the step 5 and the step 6 are processed
Figure BDA0002329863480000028
Single phase bridge arm duty ratio signal
Figure BDA0002329863480000029
And a common mode duty cycle signal dcomAdding the input PWM modulation links to perform carrier phase shift modulation to obtain a half-bridge unit S in the submodulei1And Si2The drive pulse of (1);
and 8: the reference voltage of the sub-module capacitance is calculated by:
Figure BDA0002329863480000031
in the formula uCrefRepresenting the sub-module capacitive reference voltage, UdcRepresents the dc bus voltage; will uCrefThe reference voltage is input into the sub-module capacitor voltage balance module and output to obtain a duty ratio signal dTi(ii) a Then the duty ratio signal dTiAn input PWM (pulse-Width modulation) link carries out carrier phase shift modulation to obtain a half-bridge unit T in the submodulei1、Ti2The drive pulse of (1); and the SOC balance of the super capacitor energy storage unit integrated multilevel converter is completed.
Further, the x-th phase of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter in the step 4 is the a phase, the b phase or the c phase of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the SOC balancing method of the super-capacitor energy storage unit integrated multi-level converter, provided by the invention, on the basis of solving the problem of voltage fluctuation of the sub-module capacitor of the traditional modular multi-level converter, powerful guarantee is provided for continuous and efficient work of the converter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system control block diagram of the present invention, fig. 1(a) is a conventional modular multi-level side control block diagram, and fig. 1 (b) is a super capacitor energy storage type bidirectional DC/DC side control block diagram.
Fig. 2 is a topology structure diagram of the integrated modular multilevel converter of the super capacitor energy storage unit of the invention, fig. 2(a) is a power main circuit diagram, and fig. 2(b) is an internal structure diagram of a single sub-module.
Fig. 3 is a balance control block diagram of the present invention, fig. 3(a) is a sub-module SOC balance control block diagram, fig. 3(b) is an inter-bridge arm SOC balance control block diagram, and fig. 3(c) is a sub-module capacitance voltage balance control block diagram.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a supercapacitor SOC equalization waveform obtained using the method of the present invention using a Simulink simulation tool.
In the figure: the power converter comprises a power main circuit, a load, a 3-traditional MMC sub-module and a 4-super capacitor energy storage type bidirectional DC/DC converter.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the SOC equalization method for the super capacitor energy storage unit integrated multilevel converter provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1: connecting a controller with the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter;
step 2: the controller collects the real-time voltage value of the super capacitor of each submodule in the modular multilevel converter of the super capacitor energy storage unit;
and step 3: calculating the SOC value of the super capacitor in each submodule by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002329863480000041
in the formula SOCiRepresents the SOC value of the ith sub-module, i is the sub-module serial number,
Figure BDA0002329863480000042
is the real-time voltage value, SC, of the super capacitor in the ith sub-moduleiRepresenting the super-capacitor in the i-th sub-module, t represents time,
Figure BDA0002329863480000043
rated voltage of the super capacitors in the sub-modules is the same;
and 4, step 4: calculating the SOC average value of the super capacitor in each x-phase submodule of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter:
Figure BDA0002329863480000044
in the formula, N is one half of the total number of submodules in the x phase;
calculating the SOC average value of the super capacitor in each submodule of the x-phase upper bridge arm of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter:
Figure BDA0002329863480000045
calculating the SOC average value of the super capacitor in each submodule of the x-phase lower bridge arm of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter:
Figure BDA0002329863480000046
and 5: the SOC average value SOC of the super capacitor of the upper bridge arm of the x-th phase submoduleupInputting the SOC balance reference value as a submodule SOC balance reference value into an SOC balance link, and obtaining a single-phase duty ratio signal of SOC balance through feedback control
Figure BDA0002329863480000047
The mean value SOC of the super capacitor SOC of the x-th phase sub-modulephaseAnd the mean value SOC of the super capacitor SOC of the sub-module of the upper bridge arm on the x phaseupAnd the SOC average value SOC of the supercapacitor of the sub-module of the x-th lower bridge armlowInputting the single-phase bridge arm duty ratio signal as a bridge arm SOC balance reference value into an SOC balance link, and obtaining the SOC balanced single-phase bridge arm duty ratio signal through feedback control
Figure BDA0002329863480000048
Step 6: the compensation power is calculated from:
Figure BDA0002329863480000049
in the formula,. DELTA.PDCRepresents the value of the compensation power, PchargeRepresenting the charging power, SOC, of the supercapacitormaxAnd SOCminRespectively setting an upper limit value and a lower limit value of a preset super capacitor SOC value; then, the delta P is addedDCThe input current regulator obtains a common mode duty ratio signal d by PI control calculationcom；
And 7: the single-phase duty ratio signals obtained in the step 5 and the step 6 are processed
Figure BDA0002329863480000051
Single phase bridge arm duty ratio signal
Figure BDA0002329863480000052
And a common mode duty cycle signal dcomAdding the input PWM modulation links to perform carrier phase shift modulation to obtain a half-bridge unit S in the submodulei1And Si2The drive pulse of (1);
and 8: the reference voltage of the sub-module capacitance is calculated by:
Figure BDA0002329863480000053
in the formula uCrefRepresenting the sub-module capacitive reference voltage, UdcRepresents the dc bus voltage; will uCrefThe reference voltage is input into the sub-module capacitor voltage balance module and output to obtain a duty ratio signal dTi(ii) a Then the duty ratio signal dTiAn input PWM (pulse-Width modulation) link carries out carrier phase shift modulation to obtain a half-bridge unit T in the submodulei1、Ti2The drive pulse of (1); and the SOC balance of the super capacitor energy storage unit integrated multilevel converter is completed.
Further, the x-th phase of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter in the step 4 is the a phase, the b phase or the c phase of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter.
The topological structure of the super capacitor energy storage unit integrated modular multilevel converter related by the invention is shown in figure 2. Each phase of upper and lower bridge arms of the super-capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter consists of N sub-modules, and the upper and lower bridge arms are connected through two coupling inductors. Each submodule is made up of two parts: composed of half-bridge units (S)i1、Si2) And sub-module capacitance (C)i) Connecting in parallel to form a traditional MMC submodule; by sub-module capacitance (C)i) Half-bridge unit (T)i1、Ti2) Inductor (L)i) And a Super Capacitor (SC)i) And forming the super capacitor energy storage type bidirectional DC/DC converter. The two parts are connected by a common sub-module capacitor (C)i) Energy exchange is performed.
As shown in fig. 3, steps 5, 6, 7 are used to calculate the respective duty cycle signal values.
The control method provided by the invention is used for building a single-phase 8-module super-capacitor energy storage unit integrated multi-level converter in Simulink for verification, and the obtained SOC balance waveform is shown in FIG. 4.

Claims (2)

1. A SOC balancing method of a super capacitor energy storage unit integrated multi-level converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: connecting a controller with the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter;
step 2: the controller collects the real-time voltage value of the super capacitor of each submodule in the modular multilevel converter of the super capacitor energy storage unit;
and step 3: calculating the SOC value of the super capacitor in each submodule by using the following formula:
Figure FDA0002329863470000011
in the formula SOCiRepresents the SOC value of the ith sub-module, i is the sub-module serial number,
Figure FDA0002329863470000012
is the real-time voltage value, SC, of the super capacitor in the ith sub-moduleiRepresenting the super-capacitor in the i-th sub-module, t represents time,
Figure FDA0002329863470000013
rated voltage of the super capacitors in the sub-modules is the same;
and 4, step 4: calculating the SOC average value of the super capacitor in each x-phase submodule of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter:
Figure FDA0002329863470000014
in the formula, N is one half of the total number of submodules in the x phase;
calculating the SOC average value of the super capacitor in each submodule of the x-phase upper bridge arm of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter:
Figure FDA0002329863470000015
calculating the SOC average value of the super capacitor in each submodule of the x-phase lower bridge arm of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multilevel converter:
Figure FDA0002329863470000016
and 5: the SOC average value SOC of the super capacitor of the upper bridge arm of the x-th phase submoduleupInputting the SOC balance reference value as a submodule SOC balance reference value into an SOC balance link, and obtaining a single-phase duty ratio signal of SOC balance through feedback control
Figure FDA0002329863470000017
The mean value SOC of the super capacitor SOC of the x-th phase sub-modulephaseAnd the mean value SOC of the super capacitor SOC of the sub-module of the upper bridge arm on the x phaseupAnd the SOC average value SOC of the supercapacitor of the sub-module of the x-th lower bridge armlowInputting the single-phase bridge arm duty ratio signal as a bridge arm SOC balance reference value into an SOC balance link, and obtaining the SOC balanced single-phase bridge arm duty ratio signal through feedback control
Figure FDA0002329863470000018
Step 6: the compensation power is calculated from:
Figure FDA0002329863470000021
in the formula,. DELTA.PDCRepresents the value of the compensation power, PchargeRepresenting the charging power, SOC, of the supercapacitormaxAnd SOCminRespectively setting an upper limit value and a lower limit value of a preset super capacitor SOC value; then, the delta P is addedDCThe input current regulator obtains a common mode duty ratio signal d by PI control calculationcom；
And 7: the single-phase duty ratio signals obtained in the step 5 and the step 6 are processed
Figure FDA0002329863470000022
Single phase bridge arm duty ratio signal
Figure FDA0002329863470000023
And a common mode duty cycle signal dcomAdding the input PWM modulation links to perform carrier phase shift modulation to obtain a half-bridge unit S in the submodulei1And Si2The drive pulse of (1);
and 8: the reference voltage of the sub-module capacitance is calculated by:
Figure FDA0002329863470000024
in the formula uCrefRepresenting the sub-module capacitive reference voltage, UdcRepresents the dc bus voltage; will uCrefThe reference voltage is input into the sub-module capacitor voltage balance module and output to obtain a duty ratio signal dTi(ii) a Then the duty ratio signal dTiAn input PWM (pulse-Width modulation) link carries out carrier phase shift modulation to obtain a half-bridge unit T in the submodulei1、Ti2The drive pulse of (1); and the SOC balance of the super capacitor energy storage unit integrated multilevel converter is completed.
2. The SOC balancing method for the super capacitor energy storage unit integrated multi-level converter according to claim 1, wherein the x-th phase of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multi-level converter in the step 4 is the a-phase, the b-phase or the c-phase of the super capacitor energy storage unit modular multi-level converter.
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Application publication date: 20200421