CN105897018A - Topological structure and control method of high-voltage and high-capacity energy storage converter - Google Patents
Topological structure and control method of high-voltage and high-capacity energy storage converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN105897018A CN105897018A CN201610326733.3A CN201610326733A CN105897018A CN 105897018 A CN105897018 A CN 105897018A CN 201610326733 A CN201610326733 A CN 201610326733A CN 105897018 A CN105897018 A CN 105897018A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a topological structure of a high-voltage and high-capacity energy storage converter. The topological structure adopts a modular cascaded structure whose all phase circuits are connected in parallel, each phase comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm which are symmetrically arranged, the upper bridge arm is formed by connecting a sub module string, an inductor and a resistor in series, and the lower bridge arm is formed by connecting a resistor, an inductor and a sub module string. A control method of the high-voltage and high-capacity energy storage converter comprises the steps of controlling a DC/DC converter to charge and discharge a supercapacitor, and inputting and outputting current from a smooth AC side so as to stabilize the bus voltage of a DC side. The technical scheme provided by the invention is applicable to a DC power distribution network, the running efficiency is greatly improved, and the device cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of DC distribution net and energy storage control method, a kind of high-voltage large-capacity energy storage unsteady flow
The topological structure of device and control method.
Background technology
After the outburst of 20 century 70 world wide energy crises, the problem such as environmental pollution and energy shortage is gradually subject to
The common concern of countries in the world, meanwhile, distributed energy resource system is because its load change is flexible, power supply is reliable, transmission of electricity
Lose little and be easy to apply the features such as regenerative resource, gaining great popularity.
The application of distributed power source makes traditional distribution of simple function of supplying power, has expanded generating function.Common distribution
Formula power supply mainly has photovoltaic cell, fuel cell, wind energy conversion system and gas turbine etc., and the electric energy that these power supplys produce is directly
Stream is electric or becomes unidirectional current after simple rectification, and distributed power source is incorporated to DC distribution net can save substantial amounts of change of current ring
Joint.Such as: the unidirectional current that photovoltaic generation etc. produce, generally just can need to be incorporated to pass through DC-DC and DC-AC Two Stages
The AC distribution net of system；Wind energy conversion systems etc. produce electric energy with form of communication, usual and unstable, need through AC-DC
AC distribution net just can be incorporated to DC-AC Two Stages；If distributed power source to be accessed DC distribution net, then may be used
To omit above-mentioned DC-AC conversion link, thus reduce cost, reduce loss.
In recent years, the fast development of Power Electronic Technique changed the power mode of user, such as power electronics converter technique
Extensive application in the products such as air-conditioning, refrigerator, washing machine, changes in AC distribution net and changes through AC-DC-AC
Can be only achieved the mode of frequency conversion；For DC distribution net, the most only need to carry out DC-AC and change, thus eliminate
AC-DC link, reduces transducer loose.
A lot of electrical equipments the most typically use DC powered, such as LED illumination lamp, electric motor car, PC,
Mobile phones etc., in AC distribution net, it is necessary to could supply electrical equipment by AC-DC conversion and use；For DC distribution net,
Need not conversion just to power directly to these equipment, saved cost, also reduced loss.
Sensitive load is powered, is typically ensured uninterrupted power supply by energy-storage battery, but in AC system, then need through
Cross AC-DC-AC conversion and high-quality electric energy is provided；In straight-flow system, it is only necessary to DC-AC changes.At direct current
In system, energy-storage battery can access after changing directly or through DC-DC single-stage on dc bus, reduces loss.
Increasingly mature along with the development of Power Electronic Technique and distributed power generation and energy storage technology, it would be highly desirable to provide one suitable
For the high-voltage large-capacity energy accumulation current converter of DC distribution net, improve the voltage stability of DC distribution net, reduce distribution
Formula power supply and the impact load impact on AC network.
For meeting the needs of prior art, the invention provides a kind of high-voltage large-capacity energy storage being applicable to DC distribution net and become
Stream device, to improve the voltage stability of DC distribution.
Summary of the invention
For meeting the future technical advances requirement to DC distribution net voltage stability, reduce distributed power source and impact is born
The lotus impact on AC network, the present invention provides a kind of high-voltage large-capacity energy accumulation current converter being applicable to DC distribution net.
The topological structure of high-voltage large-capacity energy accumulation current converter that the present invention provides, it thes improvement is that, described topological structure
Use the modularity cascade structure that each circuitry phase is connected in parallel；
Described topological structure uses the modularity cascade structure that each circuitry phase is connected in parallel；
In described topological structure, each phase is respectively symmetrically and arranges brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis；
Described upper brachium pontis is formed by submodule string, inductance and resistant series；
Described lower brachium pontis is in series by resistance, inductance and submodule string；
The junction point of described upper brachium pontis and described lower brachium pontis is the input of corresponding phase.
In the first optimal technical scheme that the present invention provides, the submodule in described submodule string is identical submodule；
Described submodule includes half-bridge submodule, DC converter and super capacitor.
The second optimal technical scheme that the present invention provides, the source electrode of described submodule (SM) breaker in middle pipe S1 and switch
The drain electrode of pipe S2 connects, and the source electrode of switching tube S1 is connected with input one end；The source electrode of switching tube S2 connects electric capacity C
One end and the source electrode of switching tube S3；The source electrode of the drain electrode connecting valve pipe S4 of switching tube S3 and one end of inductance L,
The other end of inductance L connects one end of super capacitor SC；The drain electrode of switching tube S1 connects the input other end, electric capacity C
The other end, the drain electrode of switching tube S4 and the other end of super capacitor SC
A kind of control method of high-voltage large-capacity energy accumulation current converter, described control method includes:
Step (1) controls the discharge and recharge of super capacitor；
Step (2) smooths AC input and output electric current；
Step (3) controls DC bus-bar voltage.
Further, in described step (1), control with the PI of voltage, current double closed-loop, it is achieved two-way DC/DC
The control of the on off state of IGBT in main circuit of converter；
IGBT in described two-way DC/DC current transformer controls the discharge and recharge of super capacitor；
Further, in described two-way DC/DC main circuit of converter, the control method of IGBT switch includes:
1) the voltage feedback signal U of submodule electric capacity is soughtOWith given magnitude of voltage UdrefBetween difference；
2) the given current signal I of internal ring is generated through PI controlling unitdref；
3) by described given current signal IdrefValue of feedback I with inductive currentdlRelatively, generate pwm control signal,
Control the switch of IGBT.
Further, in described step (2), according to the power of intermediate frequency zone, control the output of energy-storage battery with flat
The electric current of sliding AC input and output,；
Further, the method controlling energy-storage battery output is:
(I) fluctuation of wind power is decomposed: decompose wind power with discrete Fourier transform；
(II) output is PScene _ refThe acquisition of wave component: extract Mid Frequency power waves by first-order low-pass ripple method
Dynamic component；
(III) output of energy-storage battery: deduct through single order low pass from the output of actual wind-powered electricity generation/photovoltaic generation
Filtered output PScene _ ref。
Further, in step (I), wind power includes:
Low frequency range: 0.01Hz and following, its component can be responded by power system Automatic Generation Control；
Intermediate frequency zone: 0.01Hz-1Hz's；
High frequency region: 1Hz and above, its component can be absorbed by the inertia of wind power generator rotor.
Further, in described step (3), the rate-determining steps of the stability of DC terminal voltage includes:
I, by controlling the on off state of submodule on each brachium pontis of described energy accumulation current converter, change submodule in submodule string
The quantity of block；
Ii, the upper brachium pontis controlling each circuitry phase and the state of lower brachium pontis, to control the output voltage of exchange end, keep straight
The stability of stream busbar voltage.
With immediate prior art ratio, the present invention has a following excellent effect:
(1) technical scheme that the present invention provides is applicable to the energy that DC distribution net can solve between alternating current-direct current power distribution network and turns
Change, be greatly improved conversion efficiency, reduce function loss；
(2) topological structure of the technical scheme that the present invention provides uses modularity cascade system, solves Large Copacity energy storage unsteady flow
The integrated structure design of device, improves the operational efficiency of energy accumulation current converter, reduces equipment cost；
(3) technical scheme that the present invention provides uses DC converter, improves the utilization rate of power energy storage, solves distributed
Power supply and the impact load impact to electrical network, it is provided that the transient state of electrical network supports.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The topological structure schematic diagram of the energy accumulation current converter that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention；
Sub modular structure schematic diagram in the energy accumulation current converter topological structure that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention；
Two-way DC/DC control block diagram in the energy accumulation current converter control method that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention；
Wind-powered electricity generation/photovoltaic smooth power undulated control block diagram in the energy accumulation current converter control method that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention；
The voltage oscillogram of the energy accumulation current converter upper and lower bridge arm that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For the technical scheme that the present invention provides clearly is described, illustrate to do with specific embodiment to explain in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing
State.
High-voltage large-capacity energy accumulation current converter system in the present invention, major control target is DC bus-bar voltage, with tradition two
Level energy accumulation current converter is compared, and the high-voltage large-capacity energy accumulation current converter of modularity cascade structure (MMC) uses submodule electricity
Hold as energy storage components, after distributed power source accesses dc bus, during steady-state operation, average capacitor voltage need by
Control；When transient state is run, by controlling DC/DC, super capacitor is carried out discharge and recharge, smooth AC input and output
Electric current, stable DC side bus voltage.
The topological structure providing the present invention illustrates as a example by three-phase MMC topological structure, three-phase MMC topology diagram
Shown in Figure of description 1, each being made up of upper brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis, each brachium pontis is connected by reactor and submodule
Constituting, described reactor includes inductance and the resistance of series connection；Upper brachium pontis is submodule string, inductance and resistance string from top to bottom
Connection, lower brachium pontis and upper brachium pontis are symmetrical arranged；The input that connection end is each phase brachium pontis of upper brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis.Brachium pontis
Reactor, for suppressing the circulation between the voltage pulsation of AC and brachium pontis, each brachium pontis has 4 identical submodules (SM)
Be cascaded composition, can choose submodule number accordingly by different on off states according to the requirement of electric pressure.Son
The structure of module (SM) is as in figure 2 it is shown, by half-bridge submodule 1 and DC converter (DC/DC) 2, directly mounting is super
Level capacitor (SC) 3 combination is constituted.
The source electrode of submodule (SM) breaker in middle pipe S1 is connected with the drain electrode of switching tube S2, and the source electrode of switching tube S1 is with defeated
Enter and hold one end to connect；The source electrode of switching tube S2 connects one end and the source electrode of switching tube S3 of electric capacity C；Switching tube S3's
The source electrode of drain electrode connecting valve pipe S4 and one end of inductance L, the other end of inductance L connects one end of super capacitor SC；
The drain electrode of switching tube S1 connects the input other end, the other end of electric capacity C, the drain electrode of switching tube S4 and super capacitor SC
The other end.
The module that preferential series voltage skew is the most serious, can largely eliminate variation.Owing to module also possesses
With the ability of half-bridge mode work, traditional control modulation system still can use, and therefore, it can according to Operating condition adjustment
Control mode, has the biggest motility.
Each brachium pontis of MMC is the series connection of multiple electric capacity, and the switch controlling each submodule just can change the quantity of series connection,
Bridge arm voltage can change with the change of series capacitance quantity.
For the topological structure of above-mentioned high pressure bulky capacitor energy accumulation current converter, when transient state is run, stable DC side bus electricity
The concrete control method of pressure is:
The first step, carries out discharge and recharge to super capacitor.
Super capacitor in the MMC module of high-voltage large-capacity energy accumulation current converter controls to use two-way DC/DC to control, thus surely
Subduing the wind syndrome electricity or photovoltaic voltage jump of submodule during output temporal variations, reach smooth Large Copacity energy storage and become
The purpose of the electric current input and output of stream device.In DC/DC changer conversion process, use the PI control of voltage, current double closed-loop
System, its control block diagram is as it is shown on figure 3, use the voltage feedback signal Uo of module capacitance to enter with voltage set-point Udref
Row compares；Its difference generates the given current signal Idref of internal ring (electric current loop) through PI controlling unit；Given electricity
Stream signal Idref compares with value of feedback Idl of inductive current again, ultimately generates pwm control signal, and then controls
The on off state of IGBT in DC/DC inverter main circuit, controls the discharge and recharge of super capacitor, it is achieved in submodule
Capacitance voltage stabilizing function.
Second step, smooth AC input and output electric current.
After new forms of energy access DC bus-bar voltage, the most all it is controlled in maximal power tracing mode, with current source control
Mode is main.As a example by wind-powered electricity generation, wind power fluctuation is to be caused by the change at random of wind speed, and it is widely distributed in frequency domain
Each frequency range in, the influence degree of power system is also differed after grid-connected by the power swing of different frequency, analyze wind
The frequency characteristic of electrical power fluctuation, draws the power bands the most serious to effect on power system, and then determines energy-storage system
Need the control target stabilized.
(1) utilize discrete Fourier transform (DFT) that wind power fluctuation can be decomposed into the fluctuation of different frequency scope,
Three parts can be divided into by the frequency range of change: low frequency range (0.01Hz and following), high frequency region (1Hz and more than) and
Intermediate frequency zone (0.01Hz～1Hz).Component for the high frequency region in wind power can be by the inertia of wind power generator rotor
Absorb；The intermediate frequency component of wind power is relatively big due to changed power, electrical network can be caused serious impact in the short time, gives electricity
Force system safe operation brings hidden danger；Low frequency component, owing to its fluctuation ratio is relatively slow, power variation rate is less, injects electricity
During net, power system Automatic Generation Control (AGC) can carry out a certain degree of response.
(2) using first-order low-pass ripple method, effectively extract Mid Frequency power swing component, control block diagram is as shown in Figure 4.
Extracting Mid Frequency power swing component by first-order low-pass ripple method, obtaining output is PScene _ refWave component；
(3) output of actual wind-powered electricity generation/photovoltaic generation and the output P after first-order low-pass rippleScene _ refSubtract each other,
Obtain the output of energy-storage battery.By controlling the output of energy-storage battery, smooth AC input can be reached defeated
Go out the purpose of electric current.
3rd step, controls DC bus-bar voltage.
The operation principle of MMC is to be combined into alternating voltage with the submodule of different on off states.Due to the electric capacity on submodule
A voltage source can be regarded as, by the quantity of the submodule that regulation turns on, the level number of outfan can be regulated, thus shape
Become a staircase waveform with sine wave as reference, as it is shown in figure 5, each brachium pontis of MMC is the series connection of multiple electric capacity,
The switch controlling each submodule just can change the quantity of series connection, and due to the existence of capacitance voltage, bridge arm voltage is the most just with string
Join the change of electric capacity and change.The control of every phase upper and lower bridge arm cooperates, thus controls to exchange the output of end, and keeps
Stablizing of DC terminal.
To the control of high-voltage large-capacity energy accumulation current converter by controlling by controlling DC/DC, super capacitor is carried out discharge and recharge,
Smooth AC input and output electric current, stable DC side bus voltage, improve the voltage stability of DC distribution net, subtract
Few distributed power source and the impact load impact on AC network, reduce function loss.
Above example is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment to this
Invention has been described in detail, and the detailed description of the invention of the present invention still can be entered by those of ordinary skill in the field
Row amendment or equivalent, these are without departing from any amendment of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent, all in Shen
Within the claims of the present invention that please await the reply.
Claims (10)
1. the topological structure of a high-voltage large-capacity energy accumulation current converter, it is characterised in that described topological structure uses the modularity cascade structure that each circuitry phase is connected in parallel；
In described topological structure, each phase is respectively symmetrically and arranges brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis；
Described upper brachium pontis is formed by submodule string, inductance and resistant series；
Described lower brachium pontis is in series by resistance, inductance and submodule string；
The junction point of described upper brachium pontis and described lower brachium pontis is the input of corresponding phase.
2. topological structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Submodule in described submodule string is identical submodule；
Described submodule includes half-bridge submodule, DC converter and super capacitor.
3. topological structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the source electrode of submodule breaker in middle pipe S1 is connected with the drain electrode of switching tube S2, and the source electrode of switching tube S1 is connected with input one end；The source electrode of switching tube S2 connects one end and the source electrode of switching tube S3 of electric capacity C；The source electrode of the drain electrode connecting valve pipe S4 of switching tube S3 and one end of inductance L, the other end of inductance L connects one end of super capacitor SC；The drain electrode of switching tube S1 connects the input other end, the other end of electric capacity C, the drain electrode of switching tube S4 and the other end of super capacitor SC.
4. the control method of a high-voltage large-capacity energy accumulation current converter, it is characterised in that described control method includes:
Step (1) controls the discharge and recharge of super capacitor；
Step (2) smooths AC input and output electric current；
Step (3) controls DC bus-bar voltage.
5. control method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that in described step (1), control with the PI of voltage, current double closed-loop, it is achieved the control of the on off state of IGBT in two-way DC/DC main circuit of converter；
IGBT in described two-way DC/DC current transformer controls the discharge and recharge of super capacitor.
6. control method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that in described two-way DC/DC main circuit of converter, the control method of IGBT switch includes:
1) the voltage feedback signal U of submodule electric capacity is soughtOWith given magnitude of voltage UdrefBetween difference；
2) the given current signal I of internal ring is generated through PI controlling unitdref；
3) by described given current signal IdrefValue of feedback I with inductive currentdlRelatively, generate pwm control signal, control the switch of IGBT.
7. control method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that in described step (2), according to the power of intermediate frequency zone, controls the output electric current with smooth AC input and output of energy-storage battery.
8. control method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the method controlling energy-storage battery output is:
(I) fluctuation of wind power is decomposed: decompose wind power with discrete Fourier transform；
(II) output is PScene _refThe acquisition of wave component: extract Mid Frequency power swing component by first-order low-pass ripple method；
(III) output of energy-storage battery: deduct the output P after first-order low-pass ripple from the output of actual wind-powered electricity generation/photovoltaic generationScene _ref。
9. control method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that in step (I), wind power includes:
Low frequency range: 0.01Hz and following, its component can be responded by power system Automatic Generation Control；
Intermediate frequency zone: 0.01Hz-1Hz's；
High frequency region: 1Hz and above, its component can be absorbed by the inertia of wind power generator rotor.
10. control method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that in described step (3), the rate-determining steps of the stability of DC terminal voltage includes:
I, by controlling the on off state of submodule on each brachium pontis of described energy accumulation current converter, change the quantity of submodule string Neutron module；
Ii, the upper brachium pontis controlling each circuitry phase and the state of lower brachium pontis, to control the output voltage of exchange end, keep the stability of DC bus-bar voltage.
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| CN108306318A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-20 | 北京交通大学 | Symmetrical energy-storage system based on Modular multilevel converter |
| CN109787265A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-21 | 中国能源建设集团天津电力设计院有限公司 | A kind of flexible HVDC transmission system control method for coordinating stabilized new energy and go out fluctuation |
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| CN106357138A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-01-25 | 国网江苏省电力公司经济技术研究院 | Rectifying circuit for ship shore power system |
| CN108134384A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-08 | 清华大学 | It is cross-linked the more level DC interconnection current transformers of Sofe Switch mixed type |
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| CN109787265A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-21 | 中国能源建设集团天津电力设计院有限公司 | A kind of flexible HVDC transmission system control method for coordinating stabilized new energy and go out fluctuation |
| CN110148963A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-20 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | A kind of more converting link AC-AC frequency converters based on energy storage |
| CN111049404A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-21 | 西北工业大学 | SOC (State of Charge) balancing method for super-capacitor energy storage unit integrated multi-level converter |
| CN116260348A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-06-13 | 四川大学 | MMC-based high-capacity electrolytic hydrogen production hybrid rectifier and control method |
| CN116780664A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-09-19 | 澄瑞电力科技(上海)股份公司 | Power module parallel control method based on high-speed communication |
| CN116780664B (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-11-07 | 澄瑞电力科技(上海)股份公司 | Power module parallel control method based on high-speed communication |
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