CN104810857B - Single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system output power smooth control device and control method - Google Patents
Single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system output power smooth control device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104810857B CN104810857B CN201510265996.3A CN201510265996A CN104810857B CN 104810857 B CN104810857 B CN 104810857B CN 201510265996 A CN201510265996 A CN 201510265996A CN 104810857 B CN104810857 B CN 104810857B
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H02J3/383—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system output power smooth control device and a control method. The device comprises a grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system which consists of a photovoltaic power source, a Boost convertor, a direct current filter capacitor, a storage battery, a first bidirectional direct current convertor, a supercapacitor, a second bidirectional direct current convertor and an inverter, and also comprises a first control device and a second control device which respectively control the charging and discharging of the storage battery and the supercapacitor; the storage battery adopts a double-closed-loop control mode of power external loop and current internal loop; the supercapacitor adopts a double-closed-loop control mode of voltage external loop and current internal loop; the instantaneous power can be rapidly balanced, harmonic waves can be inhibited, the waveform deviation factor of grid-connected current can be reduced, and the grid-connected electric energy quality of a photovoltaic system can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new forms of energy distributed grid-connected power field, more particularly to a kind of single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is defeated
Go out power smooth control device and control method.
Background technology
At present, photovoltaic generation is gradually from conventional small-scale off-network type system, to the direction of large-scale grid connection system
Development.But, due to being affected by natural conditions such as illumination, temperature, system output power has larger intermittence and random
Property.With being incorporated into the power networks for Large Copacity photovoltaic plant, the big ups and downs of its generated output may result in network system collapse, sternly
The power energy balance of original electrical network is destroyed again, causes dispatching of power netwoks operation difficult, and then the quality of power supply to electrical network, construction
Planning, economical operation etc. produce tremendous influence, limit the scale of grid-connected operation.Can be in illumination using energy storage device
Part electrical power storage is got up during good generating abundance, further according to needing to discharge this part electric energy at the appropriate time, plays stable
Photo-voltaic power supply exports and adjusts the effect for coulomb balance, reduces the violent vibration of system and the peak valley of load power curve
Difference, so as to strengthen the quality of power supply of electrical network.
At present, the energy storage device being usually used in photovoltaic generating system can be divided into by type energy type and power-type, energy type
Energy storage includes batteries to store energy, energy storage of drawing water etc., and its lasting discharge and recharge time is min-h levels, with higher energy density, but
Cycle life is shorter, is not suitable for frequently discharge and recharge conversion；Power-type energy storage include super capacitor energy-storage, flywheel energy storage,
Superconducting energy storage etc., it is s-min levels to continue the discharge and recharge time, and with power density is big, fast response time, the spy such as have extended cycle life
Point, but its capacity is relatively small, and price is higher.How according to the characteristics of different type energy storage, with reference to corresponding control mode, come
The fluctuation of photovoltaic power output is stabilized to greatest extent, is present research direction.
The content of the invention
The purpose that the present invention sends out be provide a kind of smooth control device of single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system power output and
Control method, can solve the problem that the problem that present photovoltaic power generation system output power fluctuates frequently, grid-connected current harmonic content is high.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system power output smooths control device, including by photo-voltaic power supply, Boost conversion
Device, DC filter capacitor, battery, the first two-way DC converter, ultracapacitor, the second two-way DC converter and inversion
The grid-connected photovoltaic system of device composition, photo-voltaic power supply is connected on dc bus by Boost, battery and super
Respectively the two-way DC converters of Jing first and the second two-way DC converter are connected on dc bus capacitor, DC filtering electricity
Appearance is connected in parallel between two dc bus, and dc bus is connected by combining inverter with electrical network, also including first control device,
First control device control the first two-way DC converter of connection, for controlling the discharge and recharge of battery, operationally, the first control
Device processed is by battery power reference value P* batThe battery real output P collected with power sensorbatDifference
Value carries out PI controls and amplitude limit, obtains current reference value i of battery* bat, first control device is again by the electric current ginseng of battery
Examine value i* batActual output current i of the battery collected with current transformerbatDifference carry out PI controls and amplitude limit, obtain
To the first modulated signal, first control device compares the first modulated signal for obtaining with triangular carrier, forms pwm signal to control
The first two-way DC converter is made, so as to control the discharge and recharge of battery, Boost is booster converter.
The first control device include a PI controllers, the first limiter, the 2nd PI controllers, the second limiter and
First comparator, a PI controllers are used for battery power reference value P* batThe battery reality collected with power sensor
Border power output PbatDifference carry out PI controls, the first limiter is used for limiting the amplitude of a PI controller output signals, the
Two PI controllers are used for current reference value i of battery* batThe reality output electricity of the battery collected with current transformer
Stream ibatDifference carry out PI controls, the second limiter is used for limiting the amplitude of the 2nd PI controller output signals, first comparator
For forming pwm signal to control the first two-way DC converter, so as to control the discharge and recharge of battery.
Also include second control device, second control device control the second two-way DC converter of connection, for controlling to surpass
The discharge and recharge of level capacitor, operationally, second control device is by the DC bus-bar voltage u that collects to voltage transformerdc
With its reference value u* dcDifference carry out PI controls and amplitude limit, obtain current reference value i of ultracapacitor* sc, the second control dress
Put current reference value i of ultracapacitor again* scActual output current i of the ultracapacitor collected with current transformersc
And the output current electric current i of combining inverterinThe difference of three carries out PI controls and amplitude limit, obtains the second modulated signal, and second
Control device compares the second modulated signal for obtaining with triangular carrier, forms pwm signal to control the conversion of the second bidirectional, dc
Device, so as to control the discharge and recharge of ultracapacitor.
The second control device include the 3rd PI controllers, the 3rd limiter, the 4th PI controllers, the 4th limiter and
Second comparator, the 3rd PI controllers are used for the DC bus-bar voltage u collected to voltage transformerdcWith its reference value u* dc's
Difference carries out PI controls, and the 3rd limiter is used for limiting the amplitude of the 3rd PI controller output signals, and the 4th PI controllers are used for
Current reference value i to ultracapacitor* scActual output current i of the ultracapacitor collected with current transformerscAnd and
The output current electric current i of net inverterinThe difference of three carries out PI controls, and the 4th limiter is defeated for limiting the 4th PI controllers
Go out the amplitude of signal, the second comparator is used for forming pwm signal to control the second two-way DC converter, so as to control super electricity
The discharge and recharge of container.
Single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system power output smooth control method, comprises the following steps successively：
(1) photo-voltaic power supply Jing Boosts are connected on dc bus, and battery and ultracapacitor distinguish Jing first
Two-way DC converter and the second two-way DC converter are connected on dc bus；
(2) photo-voltaic power supply instantaneous output P is gathered using power sensorpv, wherein subscript pv represents photovoltaic, not becomes
Amount；
(3) the low frequency component P of photo-voltaic power supply instantaneous output is obtained using low pass filterpv‘；
(4) dispatching of power netwoks power P is gatheredset, the low frequency component of the photo-voltaic power supply instantaneous output that step (3) is obtained
Ppv' with dispatching of power netwoks power PsetIt is compared, calculates value and power reference P of battery* bat, P* bat=Pset-Ppv' G (s),
WhereinWherein τ is time constant, and s represents Laplace transform, and subscript bat represents battery, not becomes
Amount；
(5) battery real output P is gathered using power sensorbat, the battery that above-mentioned steps (4) are obtained
Value and power reference P* batWith battery real output PbatDifference input by a PI controllers, then Jing first is limited
Current reference value i of battery is obtained after width device* bat, i* bat=(kp1+ki1/s)(Pbat-P* bat), wherein, kp1For proportionality coefficient,
P represents ratio, ki1For integral coefficient, i represents integration, and subscript p1 and i1 are only differentiation effect, and non-variables, a PI controllers
Computing formula be kp1+ki1/ s, wherein kp1For proportionality coefficient, p represents ratio, ki1For integral coefficient, i represents integration, subscript p1
It is only differentiation effect with i1, and non-variables, s represents Laplace transform；
(6) output current i of battery is gathered using current transformerbat, by the electricity of the battery obtained in step (5)
Stream reference value i* batWith output current i of batterybatDifference be input into the 2nd PI controllers, then through the second limiter, obtain
To the first modulated signal, the first modulated signal and triangular carrier are compared, form pwm signal to control the first bidirectional, dc
Converter, so as to control the discharge and recharge of battery, the computing formula of the 2nd PI controllers is kp2+ki2/ s, wherein kp2For ratio system
Number, subscript p represents ratio, ki2For integral coefficient, subscript i represents integration, and subscript p2 and i2 are only differentiation effect, and non-variables, s
Laplace transform is represented, subscript bat represents battery, and non-variables.
Also including step (7) to step (8), specially：
(7) DC bus-bar voltage u is gathered using voltage transformerdc, by DC bus-bar voltage udcWith its reference value u* dc's
Difference is input into the 3rd PI controllers, then through the 3rd limiter, obtains current reference value i of ultracapacitor* sc, the 3rd PI
The computing formula of controller is kp3+ki3/ s, wherein kp3For proportionality coefficient, subscript p represents ratio, ki3For integral coefficient, subscript i
Integration is represented, subscript p3 and i3 are only that differentiation is acted on, and non-variables, s represents Laplace transform, and subscript dc represents direct current, and
Non-variables, subscript sc represents ultracapacitor, and non-variables, reference value u* dcSize be equal to dc bus rated voltage；
(8) combining inverter input current i is gathered using current transformerinAnd ultracapacitor actual output current isc,
Current reference value i of the ultracapacitor that step (7) is obtained* scWith actual output current i of ultracapacitorscAnd it is grid-connected inverse
Become the output current electric current i of deviceinThe difference of three sends into the 4th PI controllers, then through the 4th limiter, obtains the second tune
Signal processed, the second modulated signal and triangular carrier are compared, and form pwm signal to control the second two-way DC converter,
So as to control the discharge and recharge of ultracapacitor, the computing formula of the 4th PI controllers is kp4+ki4/ s, wherein kp4For proportionality coefficient
Subscript p represents ratio, ki4For integral coefficient, subscript i represents integration, and subscript p4 and i4 are only differentiation effect, and non-variables, s tables
Show Laplace transform, subscript in represents input, and subscript sc represents ultracapacitor, and non-variables.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
(1) control mode algorithm of the present invention is relatively easy, strong antijamming capability, battery and ultracapacitor
Using two close cycles PI control, can rapid equalisation instantaneous power, suppress harmonic wave, reduce grid-connected current irregularity of wave form, carry
High photovoltaic system and network electric energy quality.
(2) ultracapacitor is mixed into utilization with battery, with reference to corresponding control mode, and only with a certain energy storage
Device is compared, and can not only reduce cost of investment, and can when illumination well generates electricity abundance by part electric energy battery and
Ultracapacitor is stored, and further according to needing to discharge this part electric energy when illumination is not enough, plays stable photo-voltaic power supply
Output and regulation reduce the power swing of power system for the effect of coulomb balance.
(3) mixed energy storage system is connected to dc bus by reversible transducer, and required electronic device is few, low cost, efficiency
Height, can quickly realize the switching of power transmission direction.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the topology diagram of grid-connected photovoltaic system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Boost main circuit topological structure figure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is two-way DC converter topological structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is first control device schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is second control device schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, control device of the present invention is mainly included by photo-voltaic power supply 1, Boost 2, straight
Stream filter capacitor Cdc, combining inverter 3, the first two-way DC converter 6, the second two-way DC converter 7, battery 5 and super
The grid-connected photovoltaic system of the level composition of capacitor 8, photo-voltaic power supply 1 is connected on dc bus 9 by Boost 2, is stored
Respectively Jing the first two-way DC converters 6 and the second two-way DC converter 7 are connected to direct current mother for battery 5 and ultracapacitor 8
On line 9, DC filter capacitor CdcIt is connected in parallel between two dc bus 9, dc bus 9 is by combining inverter 3 and the phase of electrical network 4
Even, Boost is booster converter.
Also include first control device and second control device, first control device control connection the first bidirectional, dc conversion
Device, for controlling the discharge and recharge of battery, second control device control the second two-way DC converter of connection is super for controlling
The discharge and recharge of capacitor, first control device includes a PI controllers, the first limiter, the 2nd PI controls being sequentially connected
Device, the second limiter stage first comparator, second control device include be sequentially connected the 3rd PI controllers, the 3rd limiter,
4th PI controllers, the 4th limiter and the second comparator.
First PI controllers are used for battery power reference value P* batThe battery reality collected with power sensor
Power output PbatDifference carry out PI controls, the first limiter is used for limiting the amplitude of a PI controller output signals, second
PI controllers are used for current reference value i of battery* batThe actual output current of the battery collected with current transformer
ibatDifference carry out PI controls, the second limiter is used for limiting the amplitude of the 2nd PI controller output signals, and first comparator is used
To form pwm signal to control the first two-way DC converter, so as to control the discharge and recharge of battery.Wherein, PI controls
The computing formula of device is kp1+ki1/ s, wherein kp1For proportionality coefficient, ki1For integral coefficient, subscript p and i represent respectively ratio and product
Divide, subscript p1 and i1 are only that differentiation is acted on, and non-variables；The computing formula of the 2nd PI controllers is kp2+ki2/ s, wherein kp2For
Proportionality coefficient, ki2For integral coefficient, subscript p and i represent respectively ratio and integration, and subscript p2 and i2 are only differentiation effect, not
Variable, s represents Laplace transform, and subscript bat represents battery 5, and non-variables.
3rd PI controllers are used for the DC bus-bar voltage u collected to voltage transformerdcWith its reference value u* dcDifference
PI controls are carried out, the 3rd limiter is used for limiting the amplitude of the 3rd PI controller output signals, and the 4th PI controllers are used for super
Current reference value i of level capacitor* scActual output current i of the ultracapacitor collected with current transformerscAnd it is grid-connected inverse
Become the output current electric current i of deviceinThe difference of three carries out PI controls, and the 4th limiter is used for limiting the 4th PI controllers output letter
Number amplitude, the second comparator be used for form pwm signal to control the second two-way DC converter, so as to control ultracapacitor
Discharge and recharge.The computing formula of the 3rd PI controllers is kp3+ki3/ s, wherein kp3For proportionality coefficient, ki3For integral coefficient, subscript p
Ratio and integration are represented respectively with i, subscript p3 and i3 are only that differentiation is acted on, and non-variables, s represents Laplace transform；4th
The computing formula of PI controllers is kp4+ki4/ s, wherein kp4For proportionality coefficient, ki4For integral coefficient, subscript p and i represent respectively ratio
Example and integration, subscript p4 and i4 are only that differentiation is acted on, and non-variables, and s represents Laplace transform, and subscript dc represents direct current, under
Mark sc represents ultracapacitor 8, and subscript in represents input, simultaneously non-variables.
Because the open-circuit voltage and short circuit current of photo-voltaic power supply 1 are subject to a great extent the shadow of intensity of sunshine and temperature
Ring, cause the operating point of system unstable, and then reduce the generated output of photo-voltaic power supply 1, so Boost 2 is realized rising
Maximum power tracing (MPPT) function is realized while pressure, Fig. 2 is the main circuit topological structure figure of Boost 2,
Boost electricity routing power us, the first inductance L1, first switch pipe Q1, the first diode D1, the first electric capacity C1 and load
R is constituted, usFor photo-voltaic power supply output voltage, load R and its equivalent load R of BoosteqRelation be Req=(1-D)2R (D is dutycycle), changing the dutycycle of Boost 2 can just change the equivalent load of photo-voltaic power supply 1, convert Boost
The output voltage of device 2 matches with the voltage corresponding to the peak power of photo-voltaic power supply 1, so that photo-voltaic power supply 1 is exported all the time most
It is high-power, it is ensured that the generating efficiency of photo-voltaic power supply 1.It is above known technology, will not be described here.
Boost 2 by the voltage increase of photo-voltaic power supply and it is stable after, direct current is become by combining inverter 3
Electrical network is transported to into alternating current, first control device and second control device are in control battery 5, the discharge and recharge of super capacitor 8
Meanwhile, by PI controllers and limiter, harmonic wave can be suppressed, make the output of system smooth-out, so as to realize to grid-connected work(
Rate stabilizes control.
Control method of the present invention is specific as follows：
(1) the Jing Boosts 2 of photo-voltaic power supply 1 are connected on dc bus 9, and battery 5 and ultracapacitor 8 are distinguished
Jing the first two-way DC converters 6 and the second two-way DC converter 7 are connected on dc bus 9, are constituted and are carried hybrid energy-storing
Grid-connected photovoltaic system；
The topological structure of two-way DC converter is as shown in figure 3, electric routing power Udc, the second electric capacity C2, second switch pipe
Q2, the 3rd switching tube Q3, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3, second resistance R2, the second inductance L2 and resistance R composition, this
In power supply UdcFor busbar voltage, subscript dc represents direct current, and the second inductance L2 is output inductor and DC load equivalent inductance
Sum, resistance R is battery 5 or ultracapacitor 8.The driving voltage of second switch pipe Q2 and the 3rd switching tube Q3 is
Pwm signal, the pwm signal cycle is Ts, ON time is Ton, the turn-off time is Toff, dutycycle D=Ton/Ts.When circuit work
When Buck patterns, second switch pipe Q2 is first turned on, and power supply to the second inductance L2 charges, after second switch pipe Q2 ON times are arrived
Shut-off, the energy storage release of the second inductance L2, inductive current constitutes loop by resistance R, the 3rd diode D3 and second resistance R2,
Charge to resistance R, i.e., power supply charges to battery 5 or ultracapacitor 8；Conversely, when circuit works in Boost patterns,
3rd switching tube Q3 is turned on, and resistance R to the second inductance L2 charges, the 3rd diode Q3 ON times to rear shut-off, the second inductance
The energy storage release of L2, inductive current is put by second resistance R2, the second diode D2 and electric power generating composition loop, resistance R to system
Electricity, i.e. battery 5 or ultracapacitor 8 are to system discharge.The operation principle of two-way DC converter is prior art, no longer
Repeat.
(2) the instantaneous output P of photo-voltaic power supply 1 is gathered using power sensorpv, subscript pv represents photovoltaic, and non-variables；
Because the power output of photo-voltaic power supply 1 can be lossy after Boost 2, so photo-voltaic power supply 1 is instantaneous
Power output PpvThe output voltage u of Boost 2 should be equal todcWith output current idcProduct, i.e. Ppv=udc*idc, subscript
Dc represents direct current, and non-variables.
(3) the low frequency component P of the instantaneous output of photo-voltaic power supply 1 is obtained using low pass filterpv‘；
The power output of photo-voltaic power supply 1 has certain intermittent and fluctuation, in order to stablize photovoltaic generating system and
Net power, simultaneously because the energy density of battery 5 is big, power density is little, and dynamic response is slow, can only meet LF-response, institute
To obtain the low frequency component P of the instantaneous output of photo-voltaic power supply 1 using low pass filterpv', to obtain stable power output point
Amount.
In the system, battery 5 is mainly used to adjust the power of electrical network 4, using power outer shroud, the two close cycles of current inner loop
Control mode, ultracapacitor 8 is mainly used to adjust the voltage of dc bus 9, using outer voltage, the two close cycles of current inner loop
Control mode, above two control method can quickly suppress load disturbance to affect, and improve the dynamic response performance of system.Electric power storage
The result that pond 5 is adjusted is to make the power of electrical network 4 reach balance with the power of photo-voltaic power supply 1, and the result that ultracapacitor 8 is adjusted is
The voltage of dc bus 9 is set to reach balance with the output voltage of photo-voltaic power supply 1.
(4) dispatching of power netwoks power P is gatheredset, the low frequency component P of the photo-voltaic power supply power output that step (3) is obtainedpv' with
Dispatching of power netwoks power PsetIt is compared, calculates value and power reference P of battery 5* bat, P* bat=Pset-Ppv' G (s), whereinτ is time constant, and s represents Laplace transform, and subscript bat represents battery 5, and non-variables, subscript
Set is differentiation effect, and non-variables, dispatching of power netwoks power PsetDirectly sent by grid dispatching center；
(5) power output P of battery 5 is gathered using power sensorbat, the work(of the battery 5 that step (4) is obtained
Rate reference value P* batWith the real output P of battery 5batDifference be input into a PI controllers carry out proportion adjustment and integration
Adjust, then carry out obtaining current reference value i of battery 5 after amplitude limit by the first limiter* bat, i* bat=(kp1+ki1/s)
(Pbat-P* bat), wherein, kp1For proportionality coefficient, p represents ratio, ki1For integral coefficient, i represents integration, and subscript p1 and i1 are only
Differentiation is acted on, and non-variables, and the computing formula of a PI controllers is kp1+ki1/ s, wherein, kp1For proportionality coefficient, ki1For integration
Coefficient, subscript p and i represent respectively ratio and integration, and subscript p1 and i1 are only that differentiation is acted on, and non-variables, and s represents Laplce
Conversion, subscript bat represents battery 5, and non-variables, value and power reference P of battery 5* batWith the real output of battery 5
PbatDifference acquisition is made the difference by software；
(6) output current i of battery 5 is gathered using current transformerbat, by the battery 5 obtained in step (5)
Current reference value i* batWith output current i of battery 5batDifference be input into the 2nd PI controllers carry out proportion adjustment and integration
Adjust, then amplitude limit is carried out to signal through the second limiter, obtain the first modulated signal, the first modulated signal and triangle are carried
Ripple is compared, and forms pwm signal to control the first two-way DC converter 6, so as to control the discharge and recharge of battery 5；Second
The computing formula of PI controllers is kp2+ki2/ s, wherein kp2For proportionality coefficient, subscript p represents ratio, ki2For integral coefficient, subscript
I represents integration, and subscript p2 and i2 are only that differentiation is acted on, and non-variables, and s represents Laplace transform, and subscript bat represents battery
5, and non-variables, current reference value i of battery 5* batWith output current i of battery 5batDifference made the difference by software and obtain
.
The operational mode of the first two-way DC converter 6 has two kinds：
1. Buck patterns：Work as Ppv‘·G(s)>PsetWhen, the power of photo-voltaic power supply 1 is more than the power of electrical network 4, now second switch
Pipe Q2 is turned on, and second switch pipe Q2 ON times are turned off to after, and the 3rd switching tube Q3 is turned off always, the conversion of the first bidirectional, dc
Device is operated in decompression mode, and photo-voltaic power supply 1 to battery 5 charges；
2. Boost patterns：Work as Ppv‘·G(s)<PsetWhen, the power of photo-voltaic power supply 1 is less than the power of electrical network 4, now the 3rd switch
Pipe Q3 is turned on, and the 3rd switching tube Q3 ON times are turned off to after, and second switch pipe Q2 is turned off always, the conversion of the first bidirectional, dc
Device 6 is operated in boost mode, and battery 5 to electrical network 4 discharges.
(7) the voltage u of dc bus 9 is gathered using voltage transformerdc, by DC bus-bar voltage udcWith its reference value u* dc's
Difference is input into the 3rd PI controllers and carries out proportion adjustment and integral adjustment, then carries out amplitude limit through the 3rd limiter, is surpassed
Current reference value i of level capacitor 8* sc, the computing formula of the 3rd PI controllers is kp3+ki3/ s, wherein kp3For proportionality coefficient, under
Mark p represents ratio, ki3For integral coefficient, subscript i represents integration, and subscript p3 and i3 are only differentiation effect, and non-variables, and s is represented
Laplace transform, reference value u* dcSize be equal to dc bus 9 rated voltage, DC bus-bar voltage udcWith its reference value
u* dcDifference acquisition is made the difference by software, subscript sc represents ultracapacitor 8, and non-variables, and subscript dc represents direct current, not
Variable；
(8) the input current i of combining inverter 3 is gathered using current transformerinAnd the actual output current of ultracapacitor 8
isc, current reference value i of the ultracapacitor 8 that step (7) is obtained* scWith actual output current i of ultracapacitor 8scAnd
Output current i of combining inverter 3inThe difference input controllers of PI tetra- of three carry out proportion adjustment and integral adjustment, then
Amplitude limit is carried out to signal through the 4th limiter, the second modulated signal is obtained, the second modulated signal is compared with triangular carrier
Compared with pwm signal being formed controlling the second two-way DC converter 7, so as to control the discharge and recharge of ultracapacitor 8；4th PI is controlled
The computing formula of device processed is kp4+ki4/ s, wherein kp4For proportionality coefficient, subscript p represents ratio, ki4For integral coefficient, subscript i table
Show integration, subscript p4 and i4 are only that differentiation is acted on, and non-variables, s represents Laplace transform, the electric current ginseng of ultracapacitor 8
Examine value i* scWith actual output current i of ultracapacitor 8scAnd output current i of combining inverter 3inThe difference of three passes through
Software makes the difference acquisition, and subscript in represents input, and non-variables, and subscript sc represents ultracapacitor 8, and non-variables.
The operational mode of the second two-way DC converter 7 has two kinds：
1. Buck patterns：Work as udc>u* dcWhen, the voltage of photo-voltaic power supply 1 is more than the voltage of dc bus 9, now second switch pipe Q2
Conducting, second switch pipe Q2 ON times are turned off to after, and the 3rd switching tube Q3 is turned off always, the second two-way DC converter 7
Decompression mode is operated in, photo-voltaic power supply 1 to ultracapacitor 8 charges.
2. Boost patterns：Work as udc<u* dcWhen, the voltage of photo-voltaic power supply 1 is less than the voltage of dc bus 9, now the 3rd switching tube
Q3 is turned on, and the 3rd switching tube Q3 ON times are turned off to after, and second switch pipe Q2 is turned off always, the second two-way DC converter
7 are operated in boost mode, and ultracapacitor 8 to electrical network 4 discharges；
When illumination is good, the power of photo-voltaic power supply 1 and voltage are all higher than the power of electrical network 4 and voltage, and the first bidirectional, dc becomes
The two-way DC converter 7 of parallel operation 6 and second is operated in Buck patterns, and photo-voltaic power supply 1 to battery 5 and ultracapacitor 8 charge,
Electrical power storage is got up；When illumination is not enough, the power of photo-voltaic power supply 1 and voltage are respectively less than the power of electrical network 4 and voltage, and first is two-way
The two-way DC converter 7 of DC converter 6 and second is operated in Boost patterns, and battery 5 and ultracapacitor 8 release electric energy
Put, so as to stablize the output of photo-voltaic power supply 1, regulation supplies coulomb balance.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system power output smooth control method, it is characterised in that：Using single-phase photovoltaic simultaneously
The smooth control device of net electricity generation system power output is controlled, the smooth control of the single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system power output
Device processed is included by photo-voltaic power supply, Boost, DC filter capacitor, battery, the first two-way DC converter, super
The grid-connected photovoltaic system of capacitor, the second two-way DC converter and inverter composition, photo-voltaic power supply is converted by Boost
Device is connected on dc bus, and battery and the ultracapacitor difference two-way DC converters of Jing first and the second bidirectional, dc become
Parallel operation is connected on dc bus, and DC filter capacitor is connected in parallel between two dc bus, and dc bus passes through parallel network reverse
Device is connected with electrical network, also including first control device, first control device control the first two-way DC converter of connection, for controlling
The discharge and recharge of battery processed, operationally, first control device is by battery power reference value P* batWith power sensor
The battery real output P for collectingbatDifference carry out PI controls and amplitude limit, obtain the current reference value of battery
i* bat, first control device is again by current reference value i of battery* batThe reality of the battery collected with current transformer is defeated
Go out electric current ibatDifference carry out PI controls and amplitude limit, obtain the first modulated signal, first control device is by the obtain first modulation
Signal compares with triangular carrier, forms pwm signal to control the first two-way DC converter, so as to control the charge and discharge of battery
Electricity, Boost is booster converter；
The first control device includes a PI controllers, the first limiter, the 2nd PI controllers, the second limiter and first
Comparator, a PI controllers are used for battery power reference value P* batIt is actually defeated with the battery that power sensor is collected
Go out power PbatDifference carry out PI controls, the first limiter is used for limiting the amplitude of a PI controller output signals, the 2nd PI
Controller is used for current reference value i of battery* batActual output current i of the battery collected with current transformerbat
Difference carry out PI controls, the second limiter is used for limiting the amplitude of the 2nd PI controller output signals, and first comparator is used for
Pwm signal is formed to control the first two-way DC converter, so as to control the discharge and recharge of battery；
Also include second control device, second control device control the second two-way DC converter of connection, for controlling super electricity
The discharge and recharge of container, operationally, second control device is by the DC bus-bar voltage u that collects to voltage transformerdcWith it
Reference value u* dcDifference carry out PI controls and amplitude limit, obtain current reference value i of ultracapacitor* sc, second control device is again
By current reference value i of ultracapacitor* scActual output current i of the ultracapacitor collected with current transformerscAnd and
Net input current of inverter iinThe difference of three carries out PI controls and amplitude limit, obtains the second modulated signal, and second control device will
The second modulated signal for obtaining compares with triangular carrier, forms pwm signal to control the second two-way DC converter, so as to control
The discharge and recharge of ultracapacitor；
The second control device includes the 3rd PI controllers, the 3rd limiter, the 4th PI controllers, the 4th limiter and second
Comparator, the 3rd PI controllers are used for the DC bus-bar voltage u collected to voltage transformerdcWith its reference value u* dcDifference
PI controls are carried out, the 3rd limiter is used for limiting the amplitude of the 3rd PI controller output signals, and the 4th PI controllers are used for super
Current reference value i of level capacitor* scActual output current i of the ultracapacitor collected with current transformerscAnd it is grid-connected inverse
Become device input current iinThe difference of three carries out PI controls, and the 4th limiter is used for limiting the width of the 4th PI controller output signals
Value, the second comparator is used for forming pwm signal to control the second two-way DC converter, so as to control the charge and discharge of ultracapacitor
Electricity；
The single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system power output smooth control method, comprises the following steps successively：
(1) photo-voltaic power supply Jing Boosts are connected on dc bus, and battery and ultracapacitor difference Jing first are two-way
DC converter and the second two-way DC converter are connected on dc bus；
(2) photo-voltaic power supply instantaneous output P is gathered using power sensorpv, wherein subscript pv represents photovoltaic, and non-variables；
(3) the low frequency component P of photo-voltaic power supply instantaneous output is obtained using low pass filterpv‘；
(4) dispatching of power netwoks power P is gatheredset, the low frequency component P of the photo-voltaic power supply instantaneous output that step (3) is obtainedpv' with
Dispatching of power netwoks power PsetIt is compared, calculates value and power reference P of battery* bat, P* bat=Pset-Ppv' G (s), whereinWherein τ is time constant, and s represents Laplace transform, and subscript bat represents battery, and non-variables；
(5) battery real output P is gathered using power sensorbat, the battery power that above-mentioned steps (4) are obtained
Reference value P* batWith battery real output PbatDifference input by a PI controllers, then limiters of Jing first
Current reference value i of battery is obtained afterwards* bat, Wherein, kp1For ratio
Coefficient, p represents ratio, ki1For integral coefficient, i represents integration, and subscript p1 and i1 are only differentiation effect, and non-variables, a PI
The computing formula of controller is kp1+ki1/ s, wherein kp1For proportionality coefficient, p represents ratio, ki1For integral coefficient, i represents integration,
Subscript p1 and i1 are only that differentiation is acted on, and non-variables, and s represents Laplace transform；
(6) output current i of battery is gathered using current transformerbat, the electric current of the battery obtained in step (5) is joined
Examine value i* batWith output current i of batterybatDifference be input into the 2nd PI controllers, then through the second limiter, obtain the
One modulated signal, the first modulated signal and triangular carrier are compared, and form pwm signal to control the conversion of the first bidirectional, dc
Device, so as to control the discharge and recharge of battery, the computing formula of the 2nd PI controllers is kp2+ki2/ s, wherein kp2For proportionality coefficient,
Subscript p represents ratio, ki2For integral coefficient, subscript i represents integration, and subscript p2 and i2 are only differentiation effect, and non-variables, s tables
Show Laplace transform, subscript bat represents battery, and non-variables.
2. a kind of single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system power output smooth control method as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In also including step (7) to step (8), specially：
(7) DC bus-bar voltage u is gathered using voltage transformerdc, by DC bus-bar voltage udcWith its reference value u* dcDifference it is defeated
Enter the 3rd PI controllers, then through the 3rd limiter, obtain current reference value i of ultracapacitor* sc, the 3rd PI controllers
Computing formula be kp3+ki3/ s, wherein kp3For proportionality coefficient, subscript p represents ratio, ki3For integral coefficient, subscript i represents long-pending
Divide, subscript p3 and i3 are only that differentiation is acted on, and non-variables, s represents Laplace transform, and subscript dc represents direct current, and non-variables,
Subscript sc represents ultracapacitor, and non-variables, reference value u* dcSize be equal to dc bus rated voltage；
(8) combining inverter input current i is gathered using current transformerinAnd ultracapacitor actual output current isc, will walk
Suddenly current reference value i of the ultracapacitor that (7) obtain* scWith actual output current i of ultracapacitorscAnd combining inverter
Input current iinThe difference of three sends into the 4th PI controllers, then through the 4th limiter, obtains the second modulated signal, by the
Two modulated signals are compared with triangular carrier, form pwm signal to control the second two-way DC converter, super so as to control
The discharge and recharge of capacitor, the computing formula of the 4th PI controllers is kp4+ki4/ s, wherein kp4Ratio is represented for proportionality coefficient subscript p
Example, ki4For integral coefficient, subscript i represents integration, and subscript p4 and i4 are only differentiation effect, and non-variables, and s represents that Laplce becomes
Change, subscript in represents input, subscript sc represents ultracapacitor, and non-variables.
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| CN108123482A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-05 | 镇江石鼓文智能化系统开发有限公司 | A kind of accumulation energy type photovoltaic grid-connected generating control system |
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| CN109378847B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-09-25 | 南京国电南自电网自动化有限公司 | Micro-grid energy storage PCS control system and method |
| CN113178846A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-07-27 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Boost converter and boost system |
| CN113608571B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2022-09-09 | 西南交通大学 | Flexible power tracking control method of photovoltaic power generation unit and application thereof |
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