CN111045265A

CN111045265A - Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes

Info

Publication number: CN111045265A
Application number: CN202010006919.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟德镇; 刘显贺
Original assignee: InfoVision Optoelectronics Kunshan Co Ltd
Current assignee: InfoVision Optoelectronics Kunshan Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-03
Filing date: 2020-01-03
Publication date: 2020-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-03
Also published as: CN111045265B

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid crystal display device, which comprises a display panel, a light modulator and a backlight module, wherein the light modulator and the backlight module are used for receiving light; the light modulator comprises a first light modulator, the first light modulator comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a first liquid crystal layer, the first liquid crystal layer is located on one side, away from the backlight module, of the prism layer, and at least one light modulator is arranged on one side, away from the backlight module, of the display panel. The liquid crystal display device can realize a narrow visual angle mode, has high contrast and better peep-proof effect; the peep prevention can be realized by receiving light under a large visual angle, the front brightness is not influenced, and the penetration rate is higher; color cast can be effectively improved; the two sides are prevented from whitening in front view, the visual performance under a narrow visual angle is improved, and a better wide and narrow visual angle display effect can be obtained.

Description

Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a liquid crystal display device.

Background

With the progress of social economy and science and technology, users of display devices have different visual requirements for sharing data and confidentiality data, and the display devices with a single viewing angle mode cannot meet the requirements of the users. Therefore, a need for switching between wide and narrow viewing angle modes is provided for the liquid crystal display panel, and when a user needs to share information, the wide viewing angle mode is opened; when the user wants to protect the displayed information, the narrow viewing angle mode is used.

In the prior art, there are three methods for realizing the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angle modes:

1. in the shutter technology, a narrow viewing angle is realized by externally attaching a diaphragm, and when a wide viewing angle mode is required, the diaphragm needs to be torn off, so that flexible switching cannot be realized;

2. the pixel division technology divides a sub-pixel into two parts, sacrifices the expressive ability of wide-view display, and increases the driving power consumption and the manufacturing cost;

3. in the narrow viewing angle mode, the pixel electrode and the common electrode control display, and the whole bias voltage is applied between the common electrode and the viewing angle control electrode, so that liquid crystal molecules tilt to form light leakage under a large viewing angle, and the peep-proof effect is achieved; however, the dark state brightness is higher in the narrow viewing angle mode, which causes the two sides of the panel to be whitish in front view and the gray scale to be reversed in a certain viewing angle, thereby affecting the display effect and the peep-proof effect.

The foregoing description is provided for general background information and is not admitted to be prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a liquid crystal display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.

The invention provides a liquid crystal display device, which comprises a display panel, a light modulator and a backlight module, wherein the light modulator and the backlight module are used for receiving light;

the light modulator comprises a first light modulator, the first light modulator comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a first liquid crystal layer, the first liquid crystal layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first liquid crystal layer is located on the prism layer, the prism layer is far away from one side of the backlight module, the display panel is far away from one side of the backlight module, and the light modulator is at least provided with one light modulator.

Furthermore, the display panel is arranged between the first dimmer and the backlight module; the prism layer is arranged on the display panel, or the prism layer is arranged on the first light modulator, or the prism layer is arranged on the display panel and the first light modulator.

Further, the liquid crystal display device still includes the second light modulator, display panel the first light modulator with the second light modulator is located backlight unit's light-emitting side, display panel the first light modulator with be equipped with the prism layer on at least one of the second light modulator, first light modulator is used for receiving light in the left and right directions, the second light modulator is used for receiving light in upper and lower direction, the second light modulator includes third electrode, fourth electrode and second liquid crystal layer, the second liquid crystal layer is located the third electrode with between the fourth electrode.

Further, an alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer of the first dimmer intersects an alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer of the second dimmer.

Furthermore, the display panel is arranged between the first dimmer and the second dimmer, the second dimmer is arranged on one side, away from the backlight module, of the display panel, the first dimmer is arranged on one side, close to the backlight module, of the display panel, and the prism layer is arranged on the first dimmer.

Furthermore, the display panel is arranged between the first dimmer and the second dimmer, the first dimmer is arranged on one side of the display panel, which is far away from the backlight module, and the second dimmer is arranged on one side of the display panel, which is close to the backlight module;

the prism layer is arranged on the first light modulator; or, the prism layer is arranged on the first light modulator, the second light modulator and the display panel.

Furthermore, the first dimmer and the second dimmer are both arranged on one side of the display panel away from the backlight module, and the second dimmer is arranged between the first dimmer and the display panel;

the prism layer is arranged on the display panel; or, the prism layer is arranged on the display panel and the first light modulator; or, the prism layer is arranged on the first light modulator, the second light modulator and the display panel.

Furthermore, the first dimmer and the second dimmer are both arranged on one side of the display panel away from the backlight module, and the first dimmer is arranged between the second dimmer and the display panel;

the prism layer is arranged on the display panel; or, the prism layer is arranged on the first light modulator; or, the prism layer is arranged on the display panel and the first light modulator.

Furthermore, the liquid crystal display device further comprises a plurality of polarizing plates, wherein two sides of the display panel are respectively provided with one polarizing plate, two sides of the first light modulator are respectively provided with one polarizing plate, the penetrating axis directions of the polarizing plates on the two sides of the display panel are mutually vertical, and the penetrating axis directions of the polarizing plates on the two sides of the first light modulator are mutually parallel; when the liquid crystal display device comprises a second light modulator, two sides of the second light modulator are respectively provided with one polarizing plate, and the penetrating axis directions of the polarizing plates at two sides of the second light modulator are parallel to each other.

Further, the axial direction of the light collecting film and the axial direction of the prism layer are consistent with the alignment direction of the first light modulator, the second light modulator or the first liquid crystal layer, the second liquid crystal layer or the third liquid crystal layer of the display panel where the prism layer is located.

The liquid crystal display device can realize a narrow visual angle mode and peep prevention, and has high contrast and better peep prevention effect; the peep prevention can be realized by the first dimmer at a large visual angle, the front brightness is not influenced, and the penetration rate is high; the light collecting film is adopted to collect light to avoid whitening of two sides in the front view, the visual performance under a narrow visual angle is improved, the prism layer is used for diffusing light to obtain a better wide visual angle display effect, and the light collecting film and the prism layer are matched to obtain a better wide and narrow visual angle display effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device in a dark state according to a first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a white state.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a full narrow viewing angle mode.

Fig. 4(a) shows a display effect of the liquid crystal display panel shown in fig. 1 in a wide viewing angle mode.

Fig. 4(b) shows the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel shown in fig. 1 in the full narrow viewing angle mode.

Fig. 4(c) shows the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel shown in fig. 1 in the up-down narrow viewing angle mode.

Fig. 4(d) shows the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel shown in fig. 1 in the left-right narrow viewing angle mode.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a seventh embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an eighth embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a ninth embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a tenth embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an eleventh embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a twelfth embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

First embodiment

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention in a dark state, and fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a white state. Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment includes a display panel 10, a first light modulator 20, a second light modulator 30 and a backlight module 40, wherein the display panel 10, the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30 are disposed on a light emitting side of the backlight module 40. In this embodiment, the display panel 10 is disposed between the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30, the second light modulator 30 is disposed on a side of the display panel 10 away from the backlight module 40, and the first light modulator 20 is disposed on a side of the display panel 10 close to the backlight module 40. The first dimmer 20 includes a prism layer 201. The backlight module 40 is provided with a light collecting film 402. The light collecting film 41 is used for narrowing the light emitted from the backlight module 40 left and right, and the prism layer 201 is used for diffusing the narrowed light left and right. The first dimmer 20 is for receiving light in the left-right direction, and the second dimmer 30 is for receiving light in the up-down direction.

The first dimmer 20 includes a first substrate 202, a first electrode 203, a second substrate 205, a second electrode 206, and a first liquid crystal layer 208. The first liquid crystal layer 208 is sandwiched between the first substrate 202 and the second substrate 205. The first electrode 203 and the second electrode 206 are provided on the first substrate 202 and the second substrate 205, respectively. In this embodiment, the first electrode 203 is disposed on a side close to the first liquid crystal layer 208, and the second electrode 206 is disposed on a side close to the first liquid crystal layer 208. In the present embodiment, the first liquid crystal layer 208 employs positive liquid crystal molecules. It is understood that the first liquid crystal layer 208 may also use negative liquid crystal molecules. Specifically, the prism layer 201 is disposed on the first substrate 202, and a first flat layer 209 is disposed on the prism layer 201, and the first electrode 203 is disposed on the first flat layer 209. More specifically, the first electrode 203 is closer to the backlight assembly 40 than the second electrode 206.

The second dimmer 30 includes a third substrate 302, a third electrode 303, a fourth substrate 305, a fourth electrode 306, and a second liquid crystal layer 308. The second liquid crystal layer 308 is sandwiched between the third substrate 302 and the fourth substrate 305. A third electrode 303 and a fourth electrode 306 are provided on the third substrate 302 and the fourth substrate 305, respectively. In this embodiment, the third electrode 303 is disposed on a side close to the second liquid crystal layer 308, and the fourth electrode 306 is disposed on a side close to the second liquid crystal layer 308. In the present embodiment, the second liquid crystal layer 308 employs positive liquid crystal molecules. It is understood that negative liquid crystal molecules can also be used for the second liquid crystal layer 308. More specifically, the third electrode 303 is closer to the backlight assembly 40 than the fourth electrode 306.

The display panel 10 includes a first substrate 102, a second substrate 104, and a third liquid crystal layer 106 disposed between the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 104. The first substrate 102 may be an array substrate, which includes a fifth substrate 1022, a thin film transistor (not shown), a common electrode 1024, and a pixel electrode 1026, where a plurality of pixel units are defined by the scan lines and the data lines, and each pixel unit has one pixel electrode 1026 and one thin film transistor therein. The common electrode 1024 and the pixel electrode 1026 are insulated from each other. Specifically, in this embodiment, the common electrode 1024 and the pixel electrode 1026 are located in different layers, a first insulating layer 1027 is interposed between the common electrode and the common electrode 1024, and a second insulating layer 1028 is further disposed between the fifth substrate 1022 and the common electrode 1024. The pixel electrode 1026 is provided above the common electrode 1024, the pixel electrode 1026 is a slit-shaped electrode, and the common electrode 1024 is a planar electrode covering the entire surface of the fifth substrate 1022. The second substrate 104 may be a color filter substrate, and the color filter substrate includes a sixth substrate 1042 and a color resist layer 1044 disposed on the sixth substrate 1042. The color-resist layer 1044 is, for example, R, G, B color resist. A color resist layer 1044 is provided on a surface of the sixth substrate 1042 on a side thereof closer to the third liquid crystal layer 106. A Black Matrix (BM) may be disposed between the color resists of the color resist layer 1044 to prevent light of different colors from being mixed. The third liquid crystal layer 106 may be a horizontally aligned liquid crystal, a vertically aligned liquid crystal, a Twisted Nematic (TN) liquid crystal, or other liquid crystal display technologies, which are not described in detail herein. Also, in the present embodiment, the third liquid crystal layer 106 employs positive liquid crystal molecules. It is understood that negative liquid crystal molecules may also be used for the third liquid crystal layer 106.

In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes a first polarizing plate 60, a second polarizing plate 70, a third polarizing plate 80, and a fourth polarizing plate 90, wherein the first polarizing plate 60 is located on a side of the first light modulator 20 close to the backlight module 40, the second polarizing plate 70 is located between the first light modulator 20 and the display panel 10, the third polarizing plate 80 is located between the display panel 10 and the second light modulator 30, and the fourth polarizing plate 90 is located on a side of the second light modulator 30 away from the display panel 10. The transmission axis directions of the polarizing plates at both sides of the display panel 10 are perpendicular to each other, and the transmission axis directions of the polarizing plates at both sides of the first and second

light modulators

20 and 30 are parallel to each other. Specifically, the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing plate 60 is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the second polarizing plate 70, the transmission axis direction of the second polarizing plate 70 is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the third polarizing plate 80, and the transmission axis direction of the fourth polarizing plate 90 is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the third polarizing plate 80. More specifically, the polarization angles of the first and second

polarizing plates

60 and 70 are 90 °, and the polarization angles of the third and fourth

polarizing plates

80 and 90 are 0 °. It is understood that the transmission axis of each polarizer may be in other directions.

In the present embodiment, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first dimmer 20 is different from the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 308 of the second dimmer 30, that is, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first dimmer 20 intersects with the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 308 of the second dimmer 30. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 308 of the second dimmer 30 is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first dimmer 20. More specifically, the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 308 of the second dimmer 30 is 0 °, and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first dimmer 20 is 90 °. It is understood that the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 308 of the second light modulator 30 and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first light modulator 20 can be adjusted within a certain range between about 0 ° and 90 °, as long as the tilt pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the vertical direction is less than 15 °, so that light passing through the liquid crystal in all directions can pass through the liquid crystal, thereby forming a conventional wide viewing angle display mode.

In this embodiment, the axial direction of the light collecting film 402 and the axial direction of the prism layer 201 are the same as the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first dimmer 20 in which the prism layer 201 is located. Specifically, the light collecting film 402 includes a plurality of first protruding strips arranged in parallel, the prism layer 201 includes a plurality of second protruding strips arranged in parallel, and the extending direction of the first protruding strips is parallel to the extending direction of the second protruding strips and parallel to the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first light modulator 20 where the prism layer 201 is located. The cross section of the second convex strip can be triangular or trapezoidal, and the like, so that the light scattering can be realized.

In this embodiment, the backlight module 40 is a common non-light-collecting backlight module, and is matched with the light-collecting film 402, so that the lcd device has a better anti-peeping effect. The first light modulator 20 and the display panel 10, and the second light modulator 30 and the display panel 10 may be bonded by using an oca (optical clear adhesive) full surface bonding or a frame adhesive (frame adhesive).

It is understood that the substrate of the first light modulator 20 adjacent to the display panel 10 may be shared, that is, the second electrode 206 and the second insulating layer 1028 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the same substrate; the second dimmer 30 may also be shared with a substrate adjacent to the display panel 10.

In the liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device can be switched among a wide viewing angle mode, a left-right narrow viewing angle mode, a top-bottom narrow viewing angle mode, and a top-bottom-left-right narrow viewing angle mode by controlling voltage signals applied to the first electrode 203, the second electrode 206, the third electrode 303, and the fourth electrode 306.

In the first viewing angle mode (i.e., a wide viewing angle display mode in which the liquid crystal molecules in the first and second liquid crystal layers are positive liquid crystal molecules), as shown in fig. 1, a voltage of 0V is applied between the first electrode 203 and the second electrode 206, and a voltage of 0V is applied between the third electrode 303 and the fourth electrode 306. At this time, light passing through the second liquid crystal layer 208 and the third liquid crystal layer 308 in each direction can pass through the first and

second dimmers

20 and 30, and a wide viewing angle display mode is formed. It is to be understood that in the wide viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 203 and the second electrode 206, and between the third electrode 303 and the fourth electrode 306 may not be 0V, and may be an ac voltage having a magnitude of 0.1V to 0.5V or 4V to 6V, for example. The driving frequency of the first dimmer and the driving frequency of the second dimmer are 60-150 HZ. Generally, the first viewing angle mode is an initial mode of the liquid crystal display device. The display effect in the wide viewing angle mode is shown in fig. 4 (a).

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a full narrow viewing angle mode. In the second viewing angle mode (i.e., the full narrow viewing angle display mode in which the liquid crystal molecules in the first and second liquid crystal layers are positive liquid crystal molecules), as shown in fig. 3, a voltage larger than OV is applied between the first electrode 203 and the second electrode 206, and a voltage larger than OV is applied between the third electrode 303 and the fourth electrode 306. At this time, the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 208 and the third liquid crystal layer 308 are turned and tilted with respect to the third substrate 202, so that the light is narrowed in both the upper and lower directions and the left and right directions, thereby limiting the viewing angle width and brightness of the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the liquid crystal display device, and forming a full narrow viewing angle display mode in the upper and lower directions and the left and right directions. It is understood that in the full narrow viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 203 and the second electrode 206, and between the third electrode 303 and the fourth electrode 306 is preferably an alternating voltage having an amplitude of 1V to 3V. The driving frequency of the first dimmer and the driving frequency of the second dimmer are 60-150 HZ. The display effect in the full narrow viewing angle mode is shown in fig. 4 (b).

In the third viewing angle mode (i.e., the top-bottom narrow viewing angle display mode in which the liquid crystal molecules in the first and second liquid crystal layers are positive liquid crystal molecules), a voltage of 0V is applied between the first electrode 203 and the second electrode 206, and a voltage greater than OV is applied between the third electrode 303 and the fourth electrode 306. At this time, the light passing through the second liquid crystal layer 208 in all directions can pass through the first light modulator 20, and the liquid crystal molecules passing through the third liquid crystal layer 308 are turned and tilted with respect to the third substrate 202, so that the light is narrowed up and down, thereby limiting the viewing angle width and brightness at the left and right sides of the liquid crystal display device, and forming a narrow viewing angle display mode. It is understood that in the up-down narrow viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 203 and the second electrode 206 may not be 0V, and may be an ac voltage with a magnitude of 0.1V to 0.5V or 4V to 6V, for example, and the voltage difference between the third electrode 303 and the fourth electrode 306 is preferably an ac voltage with a magnitude of 1V to 3V. The driving frequency of the first dimmer and the driving frequency of the second dimmer are 60-150 HZ. The display effect in the up-down narrow viewing angle mode is shown in fig. 4 (c).

In the fourth viewing angle mode (i.e., the left-right narrow viewing angle display mode in which the liquid crystal molecules in the first and second liquid crystal layers are positive liquid crystal molecules), a voltage larger than OV is applied between the first electrode 203 and the second electrode 206, and a voltage of 0V is applied between the third electrode 303 and the fourth electrode 306. At this time, the light passing through the third liquid crystal layer 308 in all directions can pass through the second light modulator 30, and the liquid crystal molecules passing through the second liquid crystal layer 208 are turned and tilted with respect to the third substrate 202, so that the light is narrowed to the left and right, thereby limiting the viewing angle width and brightness at the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal display device, and forming a display mode with narrow viewing angle to the left and right. It is understood that in the left and right narrow viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 203 and the second electrode 206 is preferably an ac voltage having a magnitude of 1V to 3V, and the voltage difference between the third electrode 303 and the fourth electrode 306 may not be 0V, for example, an ac voltage having a magnitude of 0.1V to 0.5V or 4V to 6V. The driving frequency of the first dimmer and the driving frequency of the second dimmer are 60-150 HZ. The display effect in the left-right narrow viewing angle mode is shown in fig. 4 (d).

In the embodiment, in the wide viewing angle mode, by applying the alternating voltage with the amplitude of 0.1-0.5V or 4-6V, the liquid crystal can have a smaller inclination angle in advance, the display effect of the current display mode is not influenced, and the liquid crystal can quickly turn when the alternating voltage with the amplitude of 1-3V is subsequently applied, so that the response speed can be accelerated.

The liquid crystal display device can realize up-down, left-right and full-narrow visual angle modes, realize the peep prevention of various modes, and has high contrast and better peep prevention effect; the peep prevention can be realized by the first dimmer and the second dimmer under a large visual angle, the front brightness is not influenced, and the penetration rate is high; the first light modulator and the second light modulator which are orthogonal in alignment direction are complementary with the display panel in view angle, and replace a compensation film, so that color cast can be effectively improved; the light collecting film is adopted to collect light to avoid whitening of two sides in the front view, the visual performance under a narrow visual angle is improved, the prism layer is used for diffusing light to obtain a better wide visual angle display effect, and the light collecting film and the prism layer are matched to obtain a better wide and narrow visual angle display effect.

Second embodiment

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 5, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment has substantially the same structure as the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment, except that in the present embodiment, the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30 are both disposed on the side of the display panel 10 away from the backlight module 40, the second light modulator 30 is disposed between the first light modulator 20 and the display panel 10, the prism layer 201 is disposed on the display panel 10, the first polarizing plate 60 is disposed on the side of the display panel 10 close to the backlight module 40, the second polarizing plate 70 is disposed between the display panel 10 and the second light modulator 30, the third polarizing plate 80 is disposed between the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30, and the fourth polarizing plate 90 is disposed on the side of the first light modulator 20 away from the backlight module 40. The prism layer 201 and the first flat layer 209 are not disposed on the first light modulator 20, the second insulating layer 1028 of the display panel 10 is replaced with a second flat layer 1029, the prism layer 201 is disposed on the fifth substrate 1022, and the second flat layer 1029 covers the prism layer 201.

The transmission axis directions of the polarizing plates at both sides of the display panel 10 are perpendicular to each other, and the transmission axis directions of the polarizing plates at both sides of the first and second

light modulators

20 and 30 are parallel to each other. Specifically, the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing plate 60 is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the second polarizing plate 70, and the transmission axis direction of the third polarizing plate 80 is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the second polarizing plate 70 and parallel to the transmission axis direction of the fourth polarizing plate 90.

It is understood that the substrates adjacent to the first dimmer 20 and the second dimmer 30 may also be shared.

Third embodiment

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 6, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment and the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment have substantially the same structure, except that in the present embodiment, the first light modulator 20 is disposed between the second light modulator 30 and the display panel 10, the first polarizing plate 60 is disposed on the side of the display panel 10 close to the backlight module 40, the second polarizing plate 70 is disposed between the display panel 10 and the first light modulator 20, the third polarizing plate 80 is disposed between the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30, and the fourth polarizing plate 90 is disposed on the side of the second light modulator 30 far from the backlight module 40.

light modulators

Fourth embodiment

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 7, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment has substantially the same structure as the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment, except that in the present embodiment, the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30 are both disposed on the side of the display panel 10 away from the backlight module 40, the first light modulator 20 is disposed between the second light modulator 30 and the display panel 10, the first polarizer 60 is disposed on the side of the display panel 10 close to the backlight module 40, the second polarizer 70 is disposed between the display panel 10 and the first light modulator 20, the third polarizer 80 is disposed between the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30, and the fourth polarizer 90 is disposed on the side of the second light modulator 30 away from the backlight module 40.

light modulators

Fifth embodiment

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 8, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment has substantially the same structure as the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment, except that in the present embodiment, the positions of the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30 are exchanged, that is, the first light modulator 20 is disposed on the side of the display panel 10 away from the backlight module 40, and the second light modulator 30 is disposed on the side of the display panel 10 close to the backlight module 40.

Sixth embodiment

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a sixth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 9, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment and the liquid crystal display device of the third embodiment have substantially the same structure, except that a prism layer 201 is disposed on both the display panel 10 and the first light modulator 20 in the present embodiment.

Seventh embodiment

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a seventh embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 10, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment and the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment have substantially the same structure, except that a prism layer 201 is disposed on both the display panel 10 and the first light modulator 20 in the present embodiment.

Eighth embodiment

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an eighth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 11, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment and the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment have substantially the same structure, except that a prism layer 201 is disposed on each of the display panel 10, the first light modulator 20, and the second light modulator 30 in the present embodiment.

Ninth embodiment

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a ninth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 12, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment has substantially the same structure as the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment, except that in the present embodiment, the positions of the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30 are exchanged, that is, the first light modulator 20 is disposed on the side of the display panel 10 away from the backlight module 40, the second light modulator 30 is disposed on the side of the display panel 10 close to the backlight module 40, and the prism layer 201 is disposed on each of the display panel 10, the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30. Specifically, the prism layer 201 is disposed on the fifth substrate 1022 of the display panel 10, the second flat layer 1029 is disposed on the prism layer 201, the second insulating layer 1027 is omitted, the common electrode 1024 is disposed on the second flat layer 1029, the prism layer 201 is disposed on the third substrate 302 of the second light modulator 30, the third flat layer 309 is disposed on the prism layer 201, and the third electrode 303 is disposed on the third flat layer 309.

light modulators

20 and 30 are parallel to each other. Specifically, the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing plate 60 is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the second polarizing plate 70, the transmission axis direction of the third polarizing plate 80 is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the second polarizing plate 70, and the transmission axis direction of the third polarizing plate 80 is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the fourth polarizing plate 90.

It is understood that in other embodiments, the second light modulator 30, the first light modulator 20, and the display panel 10 may be disposed on one side of the backlight module 40 in sequence, wherein the second light modulator 30 is closer to the backlight module 40 than the first light modulator 20 and the display panel 10. The prism layer 201 is disposed on the second dimmer 30, may be disposed on the first dimmer 20, or may be disposed on both the second dimmer 30 and the first dimmer 20.

It is understood that, when the second dimmer 30, the first dimmer 20, and the display panel 10 are disposed at one side of the backlight module 40, and the first dimmer 20 is farther away from the backlight module 40 than the second dimmer 30 and the display panel 10, the second dimmer 30 may be disposed between the first dimmer 20 and the display panel 10, or the display panel 10 may be disposed between the first dimmer 20 and the second dimmer 30, and the prism layer 201 may be disposed on any one of the second dimmer 30, the first dimmer 20, and the display panel 10, or on both the second dimmer 30 and the first dimmer 20, or on both the first dimmer 20 and the display panel 10, or on both the second dimmer 30, the first dimmer 20, and the display panel 10.

In the embodiments such as the first to ninth embodiments, in order to realize a narrow right and left viewing angle, the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first light modulator 20 for realizing right and left light collection is always located on the side of the prism layer 201 away from the backlight module 40 for dispersing right and left light, so that the light dispersed right and left can be collected.

Tenth embodiment

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a tenth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 13, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment is substantially similar in structure to the liquid crystal display device of the third embodiment, except that the liquid crystal display device does not include the second light modulator 30, the third polarizing plate 80, and the fourth polarizing plate 90 in the present embodiment.

In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes a fifth polarizing plate 100, and the fifth polarizing plate 100 is disposed between the first light modulator 20 and the second polarizing plate 70. Specifically, the fifth polarizing plate 100 may be a polarizing plate having an anti-glare film or a compensation film. By providing the fifth polarizing plate 100, the first dimmer 20 can be prevented from being attached to the display panel 10, and the provision of the antiglare film is less costly than the provision of the compensation film. It is understood that the fifth polarizing plate 100 may also be disposed between the first light modulator 20 and the display panel 10, between the second light modulator 30 and the display panel 10, or between the first light modulator 20 and the second light modulator 30 in the first to ninth embodiments to prevent two adjacent layers of cells from being attached.

In this embodiment, the backlight module 40 further includes a brightness enhancement film (not shown) disposed on a side of the light collecting film 402 away from the display panel 10 to increase brightness. It is understood that in the first to ninth embodiments, the backlight module 40 may also include the brightness enhancement film.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the transmission axes of the first polarizing plate 60 and the second polarizing plate 70 are 90 °, and the transmission axis of the third polarizing plate 80 is 0 °. It is understood that the transmission axis of each polarizer may be in other directions. The alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first dimmer 20 is different from the alignment direction of the third liquid crystal layer 106 of the display panel 10, that is, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first dimmer 20 intersects with the alignment direction of the third liquid crystal layer 106 of the display panel 10. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the alignment direction of the third liquid crystal layer 106 of the display panel 10 is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first dimmer 20. More specifically, the alignment direction of the third liquid crystal layer 106 of the display panel 10 is 0 °, and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first dimmer 20 is 90 °. It is understood that the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 208 of the first light modulator 20 can be adjusted within a range between about 0 ° and 90 °, as long as the tilt pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the vertical direction is less than 15 °, so that light passing through the liquid crystal in all directions can pass through the liquid crystal, thereby forming a conventional wide viewing angle display mode.

By the liquid crystal display device, a wide viewing angle display mode and a left and right narrow viewing angle display mode can be realized, peep prevention is realized, the contrast is high, and the peep prevention effect is good; the peep prevention can be realized by the first dimmer at a large visual angle, the front brightness is not influenced, and the penetration rate is high; the light collecting film is adopted to collect light to avoid whitening of two sides in the front view, the visual performance under a narrow visual angle is improved, the prism layer is used for diffusing light to obtain a better wide visual angle display effect, and the light collecting film and the prism layer are matched to obtain a better wide and narrow visual angle display effect.

Eleventh embodiment

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an eleventh embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 14, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment is basically similar to the liquid crystal display device of the tenth embodiment in structure, except that in the present embodiment, the prism layer 201 is not disposed on the display panel 10, and the prism layer 201 is disposed on the first light modulator 20.

Twelfth embodiment

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a twelfth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 15, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment is substantially similar in structure to the liquid crystal display device of the tenth embodiment, except that in the present embodiment, the display panel 10 and the first dimmer 20 are each provided with a prism layer 201.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The liquid crystal display device is characterized by comprising a light modulator and a backlight module (40) which are used for receiving light, wherein the display panel (10) and the light modulator are arranged on the light emitting side of the backlight module (40), the display panel (10) and/or the light modulator are/is provided with a prism layer (201), the backlight module (40) is provided with a light collecting film (402), the light collecting film (402) is used for narrowing the emergent light from the backlight module (40) from left to right, and the prism layer (201) is used for dispersing light from left to right;

the dimmer comprises a first dimmer (20), the first dimmer (20) comprises a first electrode (203), a second electrode (206) and a first liquid crystal layer (208), the first liquid crystal layer (208) is located between the first electrode (203) and the second electrode (206), the first liquid crystal layer (208) is located on the prism layer (201) and is far away from one side of the backlight module (40), and one side of the backlight module (40) is far away from the display panel (10) and is at least provided with one dimmer.

2. The lcd apparatus of claim 1, wherein the display panel (10) is disposed between the first dimmer (20) and the backlight module (40); the prism layer (201) is arranged on the display panel (10), or the prism layer (201) is arranged on the first light modulator (20), or the prism layer (201) is arranged on the display panel (10) and the first light modulator (20).

3. The lcd apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a second light modulator (30), wherein the display panel (10), the first light modulator (20), and the second light modulator (30) are disposed on a light emitting side of the backlight module (40), at least one of the display panel (10), the first light modulator (20), and the second light modulator (30) has a prism layer (201) disposed thereon, the first light modulator (20) is configured to receive light in a left-right direction, the second light modulator (30) is configured to receive light in an up-down direction, the second light modulator (30) includes a third electrode (303), a fourth electrode (306), and a second liquid crystal layer (308), and the second liquid crystal layer (308) is disposed between the third electrode (303) and the fourth electrode (306).

4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein an alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer (208) of the first dimmer (20) intersects an alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer (308) of the second dimmer (30).

5. The lcd apparatus of claim 3, wherein the display panel (10) is disposed between the first light modulator (20) and the second light modulator (30), the second light modulator (30) is disposed on a side of the display panel (10) away from the backlight module (40), the first light modulator (20) is disposed on a side of the display panel (10) close to the backlight module (40), and the prism layer (201) is disposed on the first light modulator (20).

6. The lcd apparatus of claim 3, wherein the display panel (10) is disposed between the first light modulator (20) and the second light modulator (30), the first light modulator (20) is disposed on a side of the display panel (10) away from the backlight module (40), and the second light modulator (30) is disposed on a side of the display panel (10) close to the backlight module (40);

wherein the prism layer (201) is arranged on the first dimmer (20); alternatively, the prism layer (201) is disposed on the first dimmer (20), the second dimmer (30), and the display panel (10).

7. The lcd apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first light modulator (20) and the second light modulator (30) are disposed on a side of the display panel (10) away from the backlight module (40), and the second light modulator (30) is disposed between the first light modulator (20) and the display panel (10);

wherein the prism layer (201) is arranged on the display panel (10); or, the prism layer (201) is arranged on the display panel (10) and the first dimmer (20); alternatively, the prism layer (201) is disposed on the first dimmer (20), the second dimmer (30), and the display panel (10).

8. The lcd apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first light modulator (20) and the second light modulator (30) are disposed on a side of the display panel (10) away from the backlight module (40), the first light modulator (20) being disposed between the second light modulator (30) and the display panel (10);

wherein the prism layer (201) is arranged on the display panel (10); or, the prism layer (201) is arranged on the first dimmer (20); alternatively, the prism layer (201) is disposed on the display panel (10) and the first dimmer (20).

9. The lcd apparatus of any one of claims 2 and 5-8, further comprising a plurality of polarizing plates, wherein one polarizing plate is disposed on each side of the display panel (10), one polarizing plate is disposed on each side of the first light modulator (20), and the directions of the transmission axes of the polarizing plates on each side of the display panel (10) are perpendicular to each other, and the directions of the transmission axes of the polarizing plates on each side of the first light modulator (20) are parallel to each other; when the liquid crystal display device comprises a second light modulator (30), two sides of the second light modulator (30) are respectively provided with one polarizing plate, and the penetrating axis directions of the polarizing plates at two sides of the second light modulator (30) are parallel to each other.

10. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein an axial direction of the light collecting film (402), an axial direction of the prism layer (201), and an alignment direction of the first dimmer (20), the second dimmer (30), or the first liquid crystal layer (208), the second liquid crystal layer (308), or the third liquid crystal layer (106) of the display panel (10) in which the prism layer (201) is located are aligned.