CN111044707A - Simulation experimental system and experimental method for the migration of leftover coal in goaf of coal mine - Google Patents
Simulation experimental system and experimental method for the migration of leftover coal in goaf of coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 451
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 438
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 202
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 20
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开一种煤矿采空区遗煤运移模拟实验系统及实验方法，实验系统包括压板、实验箱、以及多个煤层模拟板，实验箱为上部敞口的长方箱体，压板放置在实验箱的敞口上部，试验箱其中一组相对的两个侧面上对应开设多组孔槽；每个煤层模拟板穿过一组孔槽并放置在实验箱内，在实验箱内每一煤层模拟板的两侧布设预留模拟煤柱层，在实验箱内的其他空间充填多层岩体模拟层。本发明实现单层或多层采空区在煤层开采过程中遗煤运移规律的物理模拟，通过视频记录整个模拟过程中煤层采动过程中所留煤柱或煤岩层的变化情况，确定该采空区内遗煤运移规律，从而有效提高对煤矿采空区煤自燃危险区域的判定准确率，最终为煤矿煤自燃防治技术的实施提供更好的依据。
The invention discloses an experimental system and an experimental method for simulating the migration of coal leftovers in a goaf of a coal mine. The experimental system includes a pressure plate, an experiment box, and a plurality of coal seam simulation plates. The experiment box is a rectangular box with an open upper part, and the pressure plate is placed in In the open upper part of the experimental box, a group of two opposite sides of the experimental box are correspondingly provided with multiple groups of holes; On both sides of the simulation board, reserved simulated coal pillar layers are arranged, and other spaces in the experimental box are filled with multi-layered rock mass simulation layers. The invention realizes the physical simulation of the migration law of the coal left in the single-layer or multi-layer goaf in the coal seam mining process. The migration law of the coal left in the goaf can effectively improve the accuracy of the determination of the coal spontaneous combustion danger zone in the goaf of the coal mine, and finally provide a better basis for the implementation of the coal spontaneous combustion prevention technology in the coal mine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the related technical field of coal mines, in particular to a simulation experiment system and an experiment method for residual coal movement in a goaf of a coal mine.
Background
The number of mines with coal spontaneous combustion in China is 56 percent of the total number of mines, the number of fires caused by coal spontaneous combustion is 85 to 90 percent of the total number of mine fires, and the spontaneous combustion of residual coal in a goaf under the coal mine is one of the main disasters threatening the safety production of the mines. The premise of implementing the fire prevention and extinguishing technology is to correctly judge the coal spontaneous combustion dangerous area. However, in the existing technology for determining the spontaneous combustion dangerous area of the goaf coal, although the influence of the residual coal is considered, the method basically depends on imagination or experience, and mainly relates to the aspects of spontaneous combustion of the residual coal and gas migration in the goaf, such as patent numbers: 201410769236.1, entitled "a method for efficiently controlling spontaneous combustion of residual coal in large-area goaf of shallow-buried coal seam", and patent numbers: 201510413292.6 entitled "method and device for measuring desorption amount of residual coal gas in gob area with large lumpiness". Little or no numerical simulation analysis is performed, and no physical simulation experiment system method is currently researched. Therefore, the change condition of the coal left in the goaf of the coal mine in the mining process cannot be simulated actually, and further the spontaneous combustion of the coal in the goaf cannot be prevented and controlled effectively.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a simulation experiment system and an experiment method for the transportation of the residual coal in the goaf of the coal mine, aiming at the technical problem that the change condition of the residual coal in the goaf of the coal mine in the mining process cannot be actually simulated in the prior art.
The invention provides a residual coal transportation simulation experiment system in a coal mine goaf, which comprises a pressing plate, an experiment box and a plurality of coal bed simulation plates, wherein the experiment box is a rectangular box body with an open upper part, the pressing plate is placed on the open upper part of the experiment box, and a plurality of groups of hole grooves are correspondingly formed in two opposite side surfaces of one group of the experiment box;
and each coal bed simulation plate passes through one group of the hole grooves and is placed in the experiment box, reserved simulation coal pillar layers are arranged on two sides of each coal bed simulation plate in the experiment box, and other spaces in the experiment box are filled with multilayer rock mass simulation layers.
Further, the height of the coal seam simulation plate is consistent with the height of the reserved simulation coal pillar layers on the two sides of each layer of simulation plate.
Further, the experimental box is a transparent box body.
Further, the simulation loose soil layer is arranged between the rock mass simulation layer and the pressing plate.
Further, the width of the coal seam simulation plate is smaller than that of the through hole groove, and the height of the coal seam simulation plate is smaller than that of the through hole groove.
Further, still include the shooting device that shoots the experiment.
Still further, the coal seam simulation board includes first coal seam simulation board and sets up the second coal seam simulation board of first coal seam simulation board top, reserve the simulation coal pillar layer including laying the first reservation simulation coal pillar layer of first coal seam simulation board both sides and laying the simulation coal pillar layer is reserved to the second of second coal seam simulation board both sides, the rock mass simulation layer is including setting up first coal seam simulation board with first rock mass simulation layer between the second coal seam simulation board and setting are in second rock mass simulation layer between second coal seam simulation board and the clamp plate.
The invention provides an experimental method of a simulation experiment system for the residual coal movement in a coal mine goaf, which comprises the following steps:
inserting the coal bed simulation plate into the experimental box, laying reserved simulation coal pillar layers on two sides of the coal bed simulation plate, and filling a multilayer rock mass simulation layer in other spaces of the experimental box;
applying a load to the upper portion of the platen;
follow the experimental box take out the coal seam simulation board according to the speed of setting for gradually in the hole groove the experimental box adopts the video recording to take out the change condition of in-process reservation simulation coal pillar layer and rock mass simulation layer at whole in-process, treats that the experimental box is stable after, observes the video recording that the analysis combines the process of taking out to the losing coal distribution condition after taking out the coal seam simulation board, draws out three-dimensional simulation picture, reachs the experimental result of collecting space area losing coal distribution rule simulation experiment.
Furthermore, the coal seam simulation plate comprises a first coal seam simulation plate and a second coal seam simulation plate arranged above the first coal seam simulation plate, the reserved simulation coal pillar layer comprises a first reserved simulation coal pillar layer arranged on two sides of the first coal seam simulation plate and a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer arranged on two sides of the second coal seam simulation plate, and the rock mass simulation layer comprises a first rock mass simulation layer arranged between the first coal seam simulation plate and the second coal seam simulation plate and a second rock mass simulation layer arranged between the second coal seam simulation plate and the pressing plate;
will the coal seam simulation board inserts the experimental box lay and reserve the simulation coal pillar layer in coal seam simulation board both sides, fill multilayer rock mass simulation layer in other spaces of experimental box, specifically include:
inserting a first coal seam simulation plate and a second coal seam simulation plate into an experiment box, and laying first reserved simulation coal pillar layers on two sides of the first coal seam simulation plate;
manufacturing a first rock mass simulation layer and a second rock mass simulation layer according to the mechanical property of the coal rock mass of the gob to be simulated;
filling the first rock mass simulation layer on the upper parts of the first coal seam simulation plate and the first reserved simulation coal pillar layer until the first rock mass simulation layer reaches the position of the second coal seam simulation plate, and stopping filling;
laying second reserved simulation coal pillar layers on two sides of the second coal seam simulation plate;
filling a second rock mass simulation layer on the upper parts of a second coal seam simulation plate and a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer until the opening of the experiment box is reached, and stopping filling;
paving a loose soil layer simulated by sand on the second rock mass simulation layer, and then covering the pressing plate on the loose soil layer;
follow the experimental box take the coal seam simulation board out according to the speed of settlement gradually in the hole groove the experimental box adopts the video recording to take out the change condition of in-process reservation simulation coal pillar layer and rock mass simulation layer at whole in-process, treats that the experimental box is stable after, to the losing coal distribution condition after the coal seam simulation board is taken out observe the video recording that the analysis combines the process of taking out, draws out three-dimensional simulation figure, reachs the experimental result of collecting space area losing coal distribution law simulation experiment, specifically includes:
similar simulation experiment of the distribution rule of the residual coal in the single-layer goaf: gradually drawing the second coal seam simulation plate out of the experiment box according to a set speed from a hole groove of the experiment box, recording the change conditions of a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer and a second rock mass simulation layer in the drawing process by video in the whole process, throwing away a loose soil layer after the experiment box is stabilized, observing and analyzing the distribution condition of the left coal after the second coal seam simulation plate is drawn out, combining the video recording of the drawing process, drawing a three-dimensional simulation diagram, and obtaining the experiment result of the left coal distribution rule simulation experiment of the single-layer goaf; or
Multilayer goaf remains coal distribution law analog simulation experiment: the method comprises the steps of gradually drawing a second coal seam simulation plate and a first coal seam simulation plate out of an experiment box according to a set speed, adopting video recording to draw out change conditions of a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer and a second rock mass simulation layer and change conditions of a first reserved simulation coal pillar layer and a first rock mass simulation layer in the whole process, throwing loose soil layers after the experiment box is stabilized, respectively observing and analyzing the remaining coal distribution conditions after the second coal seam simulation plate is drawn out and after the first coal seam simulation plate is drawn out, combining with the video recording of the drawing out process, drawing a three-dimensional simulation diagram, and obtaining an experiment result of a multilayer goaf remaining coal distribution rule simulation experiment.
Further, follow the experimental box take out the coal seam simulation board according to the speed of settlement gradually in the hole groove the experimental box adopts the video recording to take out the change condition of in-process reservation simulation coal pillar layer and rock mass simulation layer at whole in-process, treats that the experimental box is stable after, observes the analysis and combines the video recording of taking out the process to the relict coal distribution condition after taking out the coal seam simulation board, draws out three-dimensional simulation picture, reachs the experimental result of goaf relict coal distribution law simulation experiment, specifically includes:
will the angle is preset in the experimental box slope, follows the experimental box take out the coal seam simulation board according to the speed of settlement gradually in the hole groove the experimental box adopts the video recording to take out the change condition of in-process reservation simulation coal pillar layer and rock mass simulation layer at whole in-process, treats the experimental box and stabilizes the back, carries out the video recording that the analysis combines the process of taking out to the lost coal distribution condition after taking out the coal seam simulation board, draws out three-dimensional simulation picture, reachs the experimental result of goaf lost coal distribution law simulation experiment under the inclination.
Compared with the prior art, the method adopts a mode of combining the pressing plate, the experiment box, the coal bed simulation plate, the reserved simulation coal pillar layer and the rock mass simulation layer to realize the physical simulation of the left coal movement rule of a single-layer or multi-layer goaf in the coal bed mining process, then records the change condition of the left coal pillar or coal rock layer in the coal bed mining process in the whole simulation process through video to determine the left coal movement rule in the goaf, thereby effectively improving the judgment accuracy of the coal spontaneous combustion dangerous area of the coal mine goaf and finally providing a better basis for the implementation of the coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control technology of the coal mine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simulation experiment system for the migration of residual coal in a goaf of a coal mine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a box body of a simulation experiment system for residual coal movement in a coal mine goaf;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the experimental method of the simulation experiment system for the transportation of the residual coal in the goaf of the coal mine according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the experimental method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simulation experiment system for residual coal movement in a coal mine goaf, which includes a pressure plate 2, an experiment box 3, and a plurality of coal seam simulation plates 4, wherein the experiment box 3 is a rectangular box with an open upper portion, the pressure plate 2 is placed on the open upper portion of the experiment box 3, and two opposite side surfaces of one group of the experiment box 3 are correspondingly provided with a plurality of groups of hole slots 31;
each coal seam simulation plate 4 passes through one group of the hole grooves 31 and is placed in the experiment box 3, reserved simulation coal pillar layers 5 are arranged on two sides of each coal seam simulation plate 4 in the experiment box 3, and other spaces in the experiment box 3 are filled with multilayer rock mass simulation layers 6.
Specifically, the coal bed simulation plate 4 is adopted for simulating a coal bed, a simulation coal pillar layer 5 is reserved for simulating a coal pillar, and a rock mass simulation layer 6 is used for simulating a rock mass. During the experiment, the coal bed simulation plate 4 is drawn out, so that the reserved simulation coal pillar layers 5 on the two sides are driven, and the change conditions of the coal pillars or the coal strata left in the coal bed mining process in the whole simulation process are recorded.
The coal seam simulation plate 4 is preferably a wood plate, and the reserved simulation coal pillar layer 5 is simulated by adopting different materials according to the coal pillar condition of an actual mining area. The material selected for the simulation may be determined according to the prior art. Similarly, the rock mass simulation layer 6 is simulated by adopting different materials according to the coal pillar condition of the actual mining area. The material selected for the simulation may be determined according to the prior art.
As shown in fig. 2, the experimental box 2 is preferably placed on the base 1 as a whole. The press plate 2 is preferably a steel plate.
Compared with the prior art, the method adopts a mode of combining the pressing plate, the experiment box, the coal bed simulation plate, the reserved simulation coal pillar layer and the rock mass simulation layer to realize the physical simulation of the left coal movement rule of a single-layer or multi-layer goaf in the coal bed mining process, then records the change condition of the left coal pillar or coal rock layer in the coal bed mining process in the whole simulation process through video to determine the left coal movement rule in the goaf, thereby effectively improving the judgment accuracy of the coal spontaneous combustion dangerous area of the coal mine goaf and finally providing a better basis for the implementation of the coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control technology of the coal mine.
In one embodiment, the height of the coal seam simulation plate 4 is consistent with the height of the reserved simulation coal pillar layers 5 on two sides of each layer of simulation plate 4.
In one embodiment, the experimental box 3 is a transparent box.
This embodiment adopts transparent box to guarantee the observation to the condition in the experimental box.
In one embodiment, the artificial loose soil layer 7 is arranged between the rock mass simulation layer 6 and the pressing plate 2.
In one embodiment, the width of the coal seam simulation plate 4 is smaller than the width of the through hole slot 31, and the height of the coal seam simulation plate 4 is smaller than the height of the through hole slot 31.
In this embodiment, the width of the coal seam simulation board 4 is smaller than the width of the through hole slot 31, and the height of the coal seam simulation board 4 is smaller than the height of the through hole slot 31, so as to ensure that the coal seam simulation board 4 can be smoothly drawn out from the through hole slot 31.
In one embodiment, the experiment device further comprises a shooting device for shooting the experiment.
The whole experiment process is shot and recorded by the shooting device.
In one embodiment, the coal seam simulation plate 4 includes a first coal seam simulation plate 41 and a second coal seam simulation plate 42 disposed above the first coal seam simulation plate 41, the reserved simulation coal pillar layer 5 includes a first reserved simulation coal pillar layer 51 disposed on two sides of the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer 52 disposed on two sides of the second coal seam simulation plate 42, and the rock simulation layer 6 includes a first rock simulation layer 61 disposed between the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and the second coal seam simulation plate 42 and a second rock simulation layer 62 disposed between the second coal seam simulation plate 42 and the pressing plate 2.
Fig. 3 is a work flow chart of the experimental method of the simulation experiment system for the residual coal transportation in the goaf of the coal mine, which includes:
step S301, inserting the coal seam simulation plate 4 into the experiment box 3, laying reserved simulation coal pillar layers 5 on two sides of the coal seam simulation plate 4, and filling other spaces of the experiment box 3 with multilayer rock mass simulation layers 6;
step S302, applying a load 8 to the upper part of the pressure plate 2;
step S303, gradually drawing the coal seam simulation plate 4 out of the experimental box 3 according to a set speed from the hole groove 31 of the experimental box 3, reserving the change conditions of the simulation coal pillar layer 5 and the rock mass simulation layer 6 in the whole process of drawing by adopting video recording, observing and analyzing the distribution condition of the residual coal after the coal seam simulation plate 4 is drawn out and combining the video recording of the drawing process after the experimental box 3 is stabilized, drawing a three-dimensional simulation graph, and obtaining the experimental result of the goaf residual coal distribution rule simulation experiment.
Compared with the prior art, the method adopts a mode of combining the pressing plate, the experiment box, the coal bed simulation plate, the reserved simulation coal pillar layer and the rock mass simulation layer to realize the physical simulation of the left coal movement rule of a single-layer or multi-layer goaf in the coal bed mining process, then records the change condition of the left coal pillar or coal rock layer in the coal bed mining process in the whole simulation process through video to determine the left coal movement rule in the goaf, thereby effectively improving the judgment accuracy of the coal spontaneous combustion dangerous area of the coal mine goaf and finally providing a better basis for the implementation of the coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control technology of the coal mine.
In one embodiment, the coal seam simulation plate 4 comprises a first coal seam simulation plate 41 and a second coal seam simulation plate 42 arranged above the first coal seam simulation plate 41, the reserved simulation coal pillar layer 5 comprises a first reserved simulation coal pillar layer 51 arranged on two sides of the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer 52 arranged on two sides of the second coal seam simulation plate 42, and the rock mass simulation layer 6 comprises a first rock mass simulation layer 61 arranged between the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and the second coal seam simulation plate 42 and a second rock mass simulation layer 62 arranged between the second coal seam simulation plate 42 and the pressing plate 2;
inserting the coal seam simulation plate 4 into the experimental box 3, laying reserved simulation coal pillar layers 5 on two sides of the coal seam simulation plate 4, filling a multilayer rock mass simulation layer 6 in other spaces of the experimental box 3, and specifically comprising:
inserting a first coal seam simulation plate 41 and a second coal seam simulation plate 42 into the experiment box 3, and laying first reserved simulation coal pillar layers 51 on two sides of the first coal seam simulation plate 41;
manufacturing a first rock mass simulation layer 61 and a second rock mass simulation layer 62 according to the mechanical property of the coal rock mass of the gob to be simulated;
filling a first rock mass simulation layer 61 on the upper parts of the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and the first reserved simulation coal pillar layer 51 until the position of the second coal seam simulation plate 42 is reached, and stopping filling;
laying second reserved simulation coal pillar layers 52 on two sides of the second coal seam simulation plate 42;
filling a second rock mass simulation layer 62 on the upper parts of the second coal seam simulation plate 42 and the second reserved simulation coal pillar layer 52 until the opening of the experiment box 3 is reached, and stopping filling;
paving a loose soil layer 7 simulated by sand on the second rock mass simulation layer 62, and then covering the pressing plate 2 on the loose soil layer 41;
follow experimental box 3 take out coal seam analog board 4 according to the speed of settlement gradually in the hole groove 31 experimental box 3 adopts the video recording to take out the in-process in whole process and reserves the situation of change of simulation coal pillar layer 5 and rock mass analog layer 6, treats that experimental box 3 is stable after, observes the analysis and combines the video recording of taking out the process to the relict coal distribution condition after coal seam analog board 4 takes out, draws out three-dimensional simulation diagram, reachs the experimental result of goaf relict coal distribution law simulation experiment, specifically includes:
similar simulation experiment of the distribution rule of the residual coal in the single-layer goaf: gradually drawing the second coal bed simulation plate 42 out of the experiment box 3 from the hole groove 31 of the experiment box 3 according to a set speed, recording the change conditions of the second reserved simulation coal pillar layer 52 and the second rock mass simulation layer 62 in the drawing process by using a video in the whole process, after the experiment box 3 is stabilized, throwing away the loose soil layer 7, observing and analyzing the distribution condition of the residual coal after the second coal bed simulation plate 42 is drawn out, combining the video recording of the drawing process, drawing a three-dimensional simulation diagram, and obtaining the experiment result of the single-layer goaf residual coal distribution rule simulation experiment; or
Multilayer goaf remains coal distribution law analog simulation experiment: and (3) gradually drawing the second coal seam simulation plate 42 and the first coal seam simulation plate 41 out of the experimental box 3 according to a set speed, recording the change conditions of the second reserved simulation coal pillar layer 52 and the second rock mass simulation layer 62 and the change conditions of the first reserved simulation coal pillar layer 51 and the first rock mass simulation layer 61 in the drawing process by video in the whole process, throwing loose soil layers 7 after the experimental box 3 is stabilized, respectively observing and analyzing the distribution conditions of the residual coal after the second coal seam simulation plate 42 is drawn out and the distribution conditions of the residual coal after the first coal seam simulation plate 41 is drawn out, combining the video recording of the drawing process, drawing a three-dimensional simulation diagram, and obtaining the experimental result of the multilayer goaf residual coal distribution rule simulation experiment.
The embodiment realizes the similar simulation experiment of the distribution rule of the residual coal in the single-layer goaf and the similar simulation experiment of the distribution rule of the residual coal in the multi-layer goaf.
In one embodiment, the step of gradually drawing the coal seam simulation plate 4 out of the experimental box 3 from the hole slot 31 of the experimental box 3 according to a set speed, wherein the video recording is adopted in the whole process to record the change conditions of the simulated coal pillar layer 5 and the rock mass simulation layer 6, after the experimental box 3 is stabilized, the residual coal distribution condition after the coal seam simulation plate 4 is drawn out is observed, analyzed and combined with the video recording in the drawing process, a three-dimensional simulation diagram is drawn, and the experimental result of the goaf residual coal distribution rule simulation experiment is obtained, which specifically includes:
will the angle is preset in the experimental box slope, follows experimental box 3 take out coal seam simulation board 4 according to the speed of settlement gradually in the hole groove 31 experimental box 3 adopts the video recording to take out the in-process and reserves the situation of change of simulation coal pillar layer 5 and rock mass simulation layer 6 at whole in-process, treats that experimental box 3 is stable after, carries out the video recording that the analysis combines the process of taking out to the lost coal distribution condition after taking out coal seam simulation board 4, draws out three-dimensional simulation picture, reachs the experimental result of goaf lost coal distribution law simulation experiment under the inclination.
The embodiment realizes the simulation of different coal mining environments by inclining the experiment box.
As the best embodiment of the invention, the simulation experiment system for the residual coal movement in the goaf of the coal mine shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 is adopted, and comprises a base 1, a pressing plate 2, an experiment box 3 and a plurality of coal seam simulation plates 4, wherein the experiment box 3 is a rectangular box body with an open upper part, the pressing plate 2 is placed on the open upper part of the experiment box 3, and a plurality of groups of hole grooves 31 are correspondingly formed on two opposite side surfaces of one group of the experiment box 3;
each coal bed simulation plate 4 passes through a group of the hole slots 31 and is placed in the experiment box 3, reserved simulation coal pillar layers 5 are arranged on two sides of each coal bed simulation plate 4 in the experiment box 3, the height of each coal bed simulation plate 4 is consistent with the height of the reserved simulation coal pillar layers 5 on two sides of each coal bed simulation plate 4, other spaces in the experiment box 3 are filled with multiple layers of rock mass simulation layers 6, the width of each coal bed simulation plate 4 is smaller than that of the hole slot 31 to pass through, and the height of each coal bed simulation plate 4 is smaller than that of the hole slot 31 to pass through;
the experimental box 3 is a transparent box body, four side surfaces of the experimental box 3 are all acrylic plates, and one side surface of the experimental box 3 is movably connected with the adjacent side edge through a hinge;
the coal seam simulation plate 4 comprises a first coal seam simulation plate 41 and a second coal seam simulation plate 42 arranged above the first coal seam simulation plate 41, the reserved simulation coal pillar layer 5 comprises a first reserved simulation coal pillar layer 51 arranged on two sides of the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer 52 arranged on two sides of the second coal seam simulation plate 42, the rock mass simulation layer 6 comprises a first rock mass simulation layer 61 arranged between the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and the second coal seam simulation plate 42 and a second rock mass simulation layer 62 arranged between the second coal seam simulation plate 42 and the pressing plate 2, and a simulation loose soil layer 7 is arranged between the second rock mass simulation layer 62 and the pressing plate 2;
the widths of the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and the second coal seam simulation plate 42 are smaller than the width of the side face where the hole groove 31 is located by 1 mm, the lengths of the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and the second coal seam simulation plate 42 are equal to the length of the experimental box 3, and both the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and the second coal seam simulation plate 42 are wood plates.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the experimental method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes:
step S401: fixing the experiment box 3 on the base 1, then inserting the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and the second coal seam simulation plate 42 into the experiment box 3, and arranging first reserved simulation coal pillar layers 51 with the same height as the first coal seam simulation plate 41 on two sides of the first coal seam simulation plate 41;
step S402: according to the mechanical property of the coal-rock mass of the gob to be simulated, adopting sand, gypsum and cement according to different proportions to prepare a first rock mass simulation layer 61 and a second rock mass simulation layer 62; if the material ratio of the first rock mass simulation layer 61 is sand: calcium carbonate: the calcium oxide is 7:6:4 (the water content of 1/10), and the simulation material prepared according to the proportion has similar mechanical properties with siltstone and is used for simulating the siltstone in the goaf; the material proportion of the second rock mass simulation layer 62 is cement: sand: water: the clay is 11:15:5:1.5, and the simulation material prepared according to the proportion has similar mechanical property with the sandy mudstone and is used for simulating the sandy mudstone in the goaf;
step S403: filling a first rock mass simulation layer 61 on the upper parts of the first coal seam simulation plate 41 and the first reserved simulation coal pillar layer 51 until the position of the second coal seam simulation plate 42 is reached, and stopping filling;
step S404: laying second reserved simulation coal pillar layers 52 with the same height as the second coal seam simulation plate 42 on two sides of the second coal seam simulation plate 42;
step S405: filling a second rock mass simulation layer 62 on the upper parts of the second coal seam simulation plate 42 and the second reserved simulation coal pillar layer 52 until the opening of the experiment box 3 is reached, and stopping filling;
step S406: paving a loose soil layer 7 simulated by sand on the second rock mass simulation layer 62, then covering the loose soil layer 7 with a steel plate 2, and applying a certain load 8 on the upper part of the steel plate 2 for simulating mine pressure;
step S407: similar simulation experiment of the distribution rule of the residual coal in the single-layer goaf: gradually drawing the second coal bed simulation plate 42 out of the experiment box 3 from the hole groove 31 of the experiment box 3 according to a set speed, recording the change conditions of the second reserved simulation coal pillar layer 52 and the second rock mass simulation layer 62 in the drawing process by using a video in the whole process, after the experiment box 3 is stabilized, throwing away the loose soil layer 7, observing and analyzing the distribution condition of the residual coal after the second coal bed simulation plate 42 is drawn out, combining the video recording of the drawing process, drawing a three-dimensional simulation diagram, and obtaining a single-layer goaf residual coal distribution rule simulation experiment;
step S408: multilayer goaf remains coal distribution law analog simulation experiment: the experimental system is restored to the initial state, the second coal seam simulation plate 42 and the first coal seam simulation plate 41 are gradually drawn out of the experimental box 3 from the hole groove 31 of the experimental box 3 according to the set speed, the change conditions of the second reserved simulation coal pillar layer 52 and the second rock mass simulation layer 62 and the change conditions of the first reserved simulation coal pillar layer 51 and the first rock mass simulation layer 61 in the whole process are recorded by videos, after the experimental box 3 is stabilized, the loose soil layer 7 is thrown away, the residual coal distribution conditions after the second coal seam simulation plate 42 is drawn out and after the first coal seam simulation plate 41 is drawn out are respectively observed, analyzed and combined with the video recording in the drawing process, a three-dimensional simulation graph is drawn, and the multilayer goaf residual coal distribution rule simulation experiment is obtained.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A simulation experiment system for residual coal movement in a coal mine goaf is characterized by comprising a pressing plate (2), an experiment box (3) and a plurality of coal seam simulation plates (4), wherein the experiment box (3) is a rectangular box body with an open upper part, the pressing plate (2) is placed on the upper part of the open opening of the experiment box (3), and a plurality of groups of hole grooves (31) are correspondingly formed in two opposite side surfaces of one group of the experiment box (3);
each coal seam simulation plate (4) penetrates through one group of the hole grooves (31) and is placed in the experiment box (3), reserved simulation coal pillar layers (5) are arranged on two sides of each coal seam simulation plate (4) in the experiment box (3), and other spaces in the experiment box (3) are filled with multilayer rock mass simulation layers (6).
2. The residual coal transportation simulation experiment system of the coal mine goaf as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of the coal seam simulation plate (4) is consistent with the height of the reserved simulation coal pillar layer (5) on both sides of each layer of simulation plate (4).
3. The coal mine goaf residual coal transportation simulation experiment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experiment box (3) is a transparent box body.
4. The coal mine goaf residual coal transportation simulation experiment system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a simulated loose soil layer (7) arranged between the rock mass simulation layer (6) and the pressing plate (2).
5. The coal mine goaf residual coal transportation simulation experiment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the coal seam simulation plate (4) is smaller than the width of the through hole slot (31), and the height of the coal seam simulation plate (4) is smaller than the height of the through hole slot (31).
6. The system for simulating the residual coal movement in the goaf of the coal mine according to claim 1, further comprising a shooting device for shooting the experiment.
7. The coal mine goaf residual coal transportation simulation experiment system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the coal seam simulation plate (4) comprises a first coal seam simulation plate (41) and a second coal seam simulation plate (42) arranged above the first coal seam simulation plate (41), the reserved simulation coal pillar layer (5) comprises a first reserved simulation coal pillar layer (51) arranged on two sides of the first coal seam simulation plate (41) and a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer (52) arranged on two sides of the second coal seam simulation plate (42), the rock mass simulation layer (6) comprises a first rock mass simulation layer (61) arranged between the first coal seam simulation plate (41) and the second coal seam simulation plate (42) and a second rock mass simulation layer (62) arranged between the second coal seam simulation plate (42) and the pressing plate (2).
8. An experimental method of the coal mine goaf residual coal transportation simulation experimental system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
inserting the coal seam simulation plate (4) into the experiment box (3), laying reserved simulation coal pillar layers (5) on two sides of the coal seam simulation plate (4), and filling other spaces of the experiment box (3) with multilayer rock mass simulation layers (6);
applying a load to the upper part of the pressure plate (2);
follow experiment box (3) take out coal seam simulation board (4) according to the speed of settlement gradually in hole groove (31) experiment box (3), adopt the video recording to take out the change condition of in-process reservation simulation coal pillar layer (5) and rock mass simulation layer (6) in whole in-process, treat that experiment box (3) are stable after, carry out the video recording that the analysis combines the process of taking out to the lost coal distribution condition after coal seam simulation board (4) are taken out, draw three-dimensional simulation picture, obtain the experimental result of collecting space area lost coal distribution rule simulation experiment.
9. The experimental method of the simulation experimental system for the residual coal transportation in the goaf of the coal mine according to claim 8, characterized in that the coal seam simulation plate (4) comprises a first coal seam simulation plate (41) and a second coal seam simulation plate (42) arranged above the first coal seam simulation plate (41), the reserved simulation coal pillar layer (5) comprises a first reserved simulation coal pillar layer (51) arranged on two sides of the first coal seam simulation plate (41) and a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer (52) arranged on two sides of the second coal seam simulation plate (42), the rock mass simulation layer (6) comprises a first rock mass simulation layer (61) arranged between the first coal seam simulation plate (41) and the second coal seam simulation plate (42) and a second rock mass simulation layer (62) arranged between the second coal seam simulation plate (42) and the pressing plate (2);
inserting the coal seam simulation plate (4) into the experiment box (3), laying reserved simulation coal pillar layers (5) on two sides of the coal seam simulation plate (4), filling a multilayer rock mass simulation layer (6) in other spaces of the experiment box (3), and specifically comprising:
inserting a first coal seam simulation plate (41) and a second coal seam simulation plate (42) into the experiment box (3), and laying first reserved simulation coal pillar layers (51) on two sides of the first coal seam simulation plate (41);
manufacturing a first rock mass simulation layer (61) and a second rock mass simulation layer (62) according to the mechanical property of the coal rock mass of the gob to be simulated;
filling a first rock mass simulation layer (61) on the upper parts of the first coal seam simulation plate (41) and the first reserved simulation coal pillar layer (51) until the first rock mass simulation layer reaches the position where the second coal seam simulation plate (42) is located, and stopping filling;
laying second reserved simulation coal pillar layers (52) on two sides of the second coal seam simulation plate (42);
filling a second rock mass simulation layer (62) on the upper parts of a second coal seam simulation plate (42) and a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer (52) until the filling is stopped at an opening of the experiment box (3);
paving a loose soil layer (7) simulated by sand on the second rock mass simulation layer (62), and then covering the loose soil layer (41) with the pressing plate (2);
follow experiment box (3) take out coal seam simulation board (4) according to the speed of settlement gradually in hole groove (31) experiment box (3), adopt the video recording to take out the change condition of in-process reservation simulation coal pillar layer (5) and rock mass simulation layer (6) at whole in-process, treat experiment box (3) stable back, carry out the video recording that the analysis combines the process of taking out to the lost coal distribution condition after coal seam simulation board (4) are taken out, draw three-dimensional simulation picture, obtain the experimental result of collecting space area lost coal distribution rule simulation experiment, specifically include:
similar simulation experiment of the distribution rule of the residual coal in the single-layer goaf: gradually drawing the second coal bed simulation plate (42) out of the experiment box (3) from a hole groove (31) of the experiment box (3) at a set speed, recording the change conditions of a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer (52) and a second rock mass simulation layer (62) in the drawing process by video in the whole process, after the experiment box (3) is stabilized, throwing away a loose soil layer (7), observing and analyzing the distribution condition of the residual coal after the second coal bed simulation plate (42) is drawn out, combining the video recording of the drawing process, drawing a three-dimensional simulation diagram, and obtaining the experiment result of the single-layer goaf residual coal distribution rule simulation experiment; or
Multilayer goaf remains coal distribution law analog simulation experiment: the method comprises the steps of gradually drawing a second coal seam simulation plate (42) and a first coal seam simulation plate (41) out of an experiment box (3) from a hole groove (31) of the experiment box (3) according to a set speed, recording the change conditions of a second reserved simulation coal pillar layer (52) and a second rock mass simulation layer (62) and the change conditions of a first reserved simulation coal pillar layer (51) and a first rock mass simulation layer (61) in the drawing process by video in the whole process, throwing loose soil layers (7) after the experiment box (3) is stabilized, respectively observing and analyzing the distribution conditions of the residual coal after the second coal seam simulation plate (42) is drawn out and the distribution conditions of the residual coal after the first coal seam simulation plate (41) is drawn out, combining the video recording of the drawing process, drawing a three-dimensional simulation diagram, and obtaining the experiment result of the multilayer goaf coal distribution rule simulation experiment.
10. The experimental method of the experiment system for simulating the movement of the residual coal in the goaf of the coal mine according to claim 8, wherein the coal bed simulation plate (4) is gradually drawn out of the experimental box (3) from the hole slot (31) of the experimental box (3) according to a set speed, the change conditions of the simulation coal pillar layer (5) and the rock mass simulation layer (6) are reserved in the whole process of drawing by video recording, after the experimental box (3) is stabilized, the residual coal distribution condition drawn out by the coal bed simulation plate (4) is observed and analyzed in combination with the video recording of the drawing process, a three-dimensional simulation graph is drawn, and the experimental result of the simulation experiment of the distribution rule of the residual coal is obtained, which specifically comprises:
will the angle is preset in the experimental box slope, follows experimental box (3) take out coal seam simulation board (4) according to the speed of setting for gradually in hole groove (31) experimental box (3) adopts the video recording to take out the situation of change of in-process reservation simulation coal pillar layer (5) and rock mass simulation layer (6) in whole process, treats experimental box (3) stable back, carries out the video recording that the analysis combines the process of taking out to the relict coal distribution condition after coal seam simulation board (4) is taken out, draws out three-dimensional simulation picture, reachs the experimental result of goaf relict coal distribution law simulation experiment under the inclination.
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