CN111044505A - Method for detecting hygroscopic filthy aluminum phosphate - Google Patents
Method for detecting hygroscopic filthy aluminum phosphate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111044505A CN111044505A CN201911284267.7A CN201911284267A CN111044505A CN 111044505 A CN111044505 A CN 111044505A CN 201911284267 A CN201911284267 A CN 201911284267A CN 111044505 A CN111044505 A CN 111044505A
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
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Abstract
A method for detecting hygroscopic filthy aluminum phosphate comprises the following steps: s1, preparing dirty samples of the insulation surface of the electrical equipment containing aluminum phosphate with different mass fractions, and obtaining the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in each dirty sample; s2, obtaining plasma characteristic spectrum data by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method; s3, establishing a calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data and the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate in the dirty sample; s4, irradiating the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested with the pulse laser beams with the same parameters to be polluted, and obtaining plasma characteristic spectrum data of the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested; and S5, determining the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in the dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested by utilizing the calibration relation. The method can rapidly and directly measure the content of hygroscopic filthy aluminum phosphate on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment in an electrified online mode, accurately judge the running state of the electrical equipment in real time, and effectively prevent serious accidents such as discharge, surface flashover and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring the content of a filthy component on the insulating surface of electrical equipment, in particular to a method for detecting hygroscopic filthy aluminum phosphate.
Background
The pollution flashover refers to the phenomenon that in a humid environment, after the pollutants absorb water to form a conductive film, the insulation level of the insulation surface of the electrical equipment is reduced, and strong discharge occurs along the insulation surface. The pollution flashover is easy to cause the interruption of line power supply, which affects the safe operation of the power grid and causes the economic loss of society.
The existence of strong hygroscopic substances such as aluminum phosphate and glucose in surface dirt of 500kV harbor city transformer substation in Zhanjiang city, Guangdong province causes abnormal discharge of over 95% of all-station power transmission and transformation equipment under low atmospheric relative humidity, and the discharge phenomenon is continuously intensified. The method for measuring the dirt on the surface of the insulator at present is to measure by using an equivalent salt density method and the like, in a traditional salt density and ash density test, the influence of glucose and aluminum phosphate on the salt density is limited, and if the salt density is used for representing, the insulator is probably judged mistakenly not to discharge in the operating environment. Therefore, a new method is needed for rapidly detecting the contamination of the aluminum phosphate attached to the surface of the insulator, and the content of the contamination component can be directly given, so that the running state of the insulator can be more accurately judged, and serious accidents such as discharge, surface flashover and the like can be prevented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a real-time online detection method of hygroscopic dirty aluminum phosphate, aiming at the defect that the traditional methods such as an equivalent salt deposit density method and a leakage current method can not directly and quickly determine hygroscopic dirty components, so as to judge the running state of an insulator more accurately and quickly and effectively prevent serious accidents such as discharge, surface flashover and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for detecting hygroscopic filthy aluminum phosphate comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing dirty samples of the insulation surface of the electrical equipment containing aluminum phosphate with different mass fractions, and obtaining the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in each dirty sample;
s2, irradiating the contaminated samples on the insulating surfaces of the electrical equipment by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method, and obtaining plasma characteristic spectrum data of the contaminated samples with different aluminum phosphate mass fractions;
s3, establishing a calibration relation between plasma characteristic spectrum data obtained by the pollution samples with different aluminum phosphate mass fractions and the aluminum phosphate mass fractions in the pollution samples;
s4, irradiating the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested with pulse laser beams with the same parameters by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method to obtain dirty plasma characteristic spectrum data of the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested;
and S5, determining the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in the insulating surface dirt of the electrical equipment to be detected by utilizing the calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data established in the step S3 and the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in the dirt sample according to the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be detected.
Further:
in step S1, the ash density difference of each of the dirty samples is smaller than a predetermined value.
In step S1, the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate in each contaminated sample was determined by a phase analysis method.
In step S2, each block sample selects n test points, each test point is continuously impacted for m times at the frequency of 1Hz by using a pulse laser beam, then the results of the wavelength spectral lines corresponding to the plasma characteristic spectra of the n test points are averaged, and n and m are more than or equal to 5.
Before step S3, the plasma characteristic spectrum data is preprocessed, including removing interference of background spectrum, and normalizing characteristic element spectral lines.
The plasma characteristic spectral data comprises spectral line intensity, spectral line intensity ratio or plasma parameters of elements.
In step S3, according to the characteristic spectral line of phosphorus element and/or aluminum element, linear fitting is performed with the spectral line intensity of the element as an independent variable and the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate as a dependent variable to obtain the calibration relationship.
In step S3, according to the characteristic spectral lines of phosphorus and aluminum, linear fitting is performed with the intensity ratio of the phosphorus-aluminum spectral line as an independent variable and the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate as a dependent variable, so as to obtain the calibration relationship.
In step S3, linear fitting is performed according to the plasma parameters of the phosphorus element and/or the aluminum element, with the plasma parameters of the elements as independent variables and the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate as dependent variables, to obtain the calibration relationship.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for detecting the content of aluminum phosphate in hygroscopic dirt on the insulating surface of electrical equipment by utilizing a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, which comprises the steps of generating high-energy laser pulse, acting on the dirt on the insulating surface through an optical system, inducing the dirt on the insulating surface containing the aluminum phosphate to generate plasma, collecting a plasma spectrum and obtaining element information in the plasma spectrum, and analyzing the components of the dirt on the surface of a sample by performing LIBS (laser induced breakdown spectroscopy) measurement on the dirt containing the aluminum phosphate. For the pollutants containing aluminum phosphates with different mass fractions, when LIBS experimental parameters are unchanged, spectral signals obtained by laser ablation of aluminum phosphate pollutants are different, and by utilizing the characteristic, the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate in the pollutants on the insulating surface is measured by the LIBS technology by establishing a calibration relation between the LIBS signals of characteristic elements in the pollutants on the insulating surface and the concentrations of the LIBS signals.
Compared with the prior art, the detection method can directly determine the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in the dirt on the surface of the electrical equipment by performing real-time, online and rapid detection on the dirt of the aluminum phosphate attached to the surface of the electrical equipment such as an insulator, thereby monitoring the running state of the electrical equipment in real time and more accurately and effectively preventing serious accidents such as discharge, flashover along the surface and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate detection method according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of some calibration curves of the line intensity of phosphorus in a contaminant with varying amounts of aluminum phosphate in examples of the invention.
FIG. 3 is another calibration curve of the line intensity of phosphorus in a contaminant with varying amounts of aluminum phosphate in examples of the invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
The invention has the conception that the content of aluminum phosphate in hygroscopic dirt on the surface of an electrical device such as an insulator is detected by utilizing a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, the dirt on the surface of the insulator containing the aluminum phosphate is induced to generate plasma by generating high-energy laser pulse and acting on the dirt on the surface of the insulator through an optical system, the plasma is collected to obtain element information in the plasma, and the component of the dirt on the surface of the insulator sample can be analyzed by carrying out LIBS (laser induced breakdown spectroscopy) measurement on the dirt containing the aluminum phosphate. The LIBS is a laser induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, wherein a sample is ablated through high-energy pulses, plasma is generated on the surface of the sample, and the plasma emission spectrum collected by an optical fiber contains component information of the ablated sample. For insulator contamination containing aluminum phosphate with different mass fractions, when LIBS experimental parameters are unchanged, spectral signals obtained by laser ablation of the aluminum phosphate contamination are different, and by utilizing the characteristic, the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in the insulator contamination is measured by the LIBS technology by establishing a calibration relation between the LIBS signals of characteristic elements in the insulator aluminum phosphate contamination and the corresponding concentrations of the characteristic elements.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a method for detecting hygroscopic contaminated aluminum phosphate comprises the steps of:
s1, preparing insulator surface contamination samples containing aluminum phosphate with different mass fractions, and obtaining the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in each insulator surface contamination sample;
s2, irradiating the surface contamination samples of the insulators by using pulse laser beams by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method, and obtaining plasma characteristic spectrum data of the surface contamination samples of the insulators with different aluminum phosphate mass fractions;
s3, establishing a calibration relation between plasma characteristic spectrum data obtained by a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method for insulator surface contamination samples with different aluminum phosphate mass fractions and the aluminum phosphate mass fractions in the insulator surface contamination samples;
s4, irradiating the surface contamination of the insulator to be tested by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method and using pulse laser beams with the same parameters, and obtaining plasma characteristic spectrum data of the surface contamination of the insulator to be tested;
and S5, determining the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in the surface contamination of the insulator to be detected by utilizing the calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data established in the step S3 and the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in the surface contamination sample of the insulator according to the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the surface contamination of the insulator to be detected.
Compared with the prior art, the detection method can be used for directly determining the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate in the dirt on the surface of the insulator by realizing, online and quickly detecting the dirt of the aluminum phosphate attached to the surface of the insulator, so that the running state of the insulator can be monitored more accurately in real time, and serious accidents such as discharge, flashover along the surface and the like can be effectively prevented.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the ash density difference of the insulator surface contamination samples is smaller than a predetermined value.
In some embodiments, in step S1, a phase analysis method may be used to determine the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate in the contaminated sample on the surface of each insulator.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, n test points are selected for each block sample, each test point is impacted with a pulsed laser beam m times at a frequency of 1Hz, and then the results of the wavelength spectrum lines corresponding to the plasma characteristic spectra of the n test points are averaged, wherein n and m are greater than or equal to 5.
In a preferred embodiment, step S3 is preceded by preprocessing the plasma characteristic spectrum data, including removing background spectrum interference and normalizing the characteristic element spectral lines.
In various embodiments, the plasma characteristic spectral data includes line intensities, line intensity ratios, or plasma parameters of the elements.
In some embodiments, in step S3, a linear fit is performed to obtain the scaling relationship based on the characteristic spectral lines of phosphorus and/or aluminum, with the spectral line intensity of the element as an independent variable and the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate as a dependent variable.
In some embodiments, in step S3, a linear fit is performed to obtain the scaling relationship based on the characteristic spectral lines of phosphorus element and aluminum element, with the phosphorus-aluminum element spectral line intensity ratio as an independent variable and the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate as a dependent variable.
In some embodiments, in step S3, a linear fit is performed to obtain the scaling relationship based on the plasma parameters of phosphorus and/or aluminum, with the plasma parameters of the elements as independent variables and the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate as dependent variables.
The principles, features and advantages of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the following detailed description.
The schematic block diagram of the method for detecting hygroscopic filthy aluminum phosphate provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1.
(1) Remote LIBS equipment device construction
The LIBS system is mainly composed of four parts: laser instrument, light path system, controller, spectrum appearance. By selecting proper laser energy, light receiving angle and spectrometer delay time, spectral signals with high signal-to-noise ratio and signal-to-back ratio can be obtained.
(2) Procedure of experiment
Sampling filth on a high-voltage line (such as the surface of an insulator) near a farmland, determining the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate in the filth by adopting a phase analysis method, simulating the content of the aluminum phosphate in the on-site filth, and configuring artificial filth experimental samples containing different mass fractions of the aluminum phosphate on the premise of keeping the weight of the filth to be constant. For each block sample, 5 test points were selected, each test point was impacted 5 times at 1Hz, and then the results of the LIBS spectra of the 5 test points were averaged for the corresponding wavelength spectrum.
(3) Spectral data processing
And preprocessing the spectral data, removing the interference of a background spectrum, and normalizing the characteristic element spectral line.
And analyzing spectral data obtained from the field contamination, and screening out spectral line characteristic quantities such as the spectral line intensity or the spectral line intensity ratio of phosphorus and aluminum elements to characterize the aluminum phosphate in order to distinguish the aluminum phosphate from other contamination components and determine the existence of the aluminum phosphate.
For determining the dirt with the aluminum phosphate component, phosphorus and aluminum elements are selected as characteristic spectral lines for analysis, and linear fitting can be performed by taking the spectral line intensity as an independent variable and the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate as a dependent variable. The fitting degree of calibration curves obtained by different elements and spectral lines thereof and different data processing processes can be compared, and a proper element spectral line is selected to obtain a calibration relation. FIG. 2 shows some calibration curves of the line intensity of phosphorus in a foul with varying amounts of aluminum phosphate. FIG. 3 shows additional calibration curves for the line intensity of phosphorus in a contaminant with different amounts of aluminum phosphate.
In addition to using the line intensities as arguments for the calibration curve, the arguments may also select the line intensity ratio, plasma parameters, etc.
(4) Actual measurement of a sample
And measuring the actual sample under the same experimental parameters to obtain a corresponding independent variable value, and obtaining the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in the sample by utilizing a calibration relation.
The background of the invention may contain background information related to the problem or environment of the present invention rather than the prior art described by others. Accordingly, the inclusion in the background section is not an admission of prior art by the applicant.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these substitutions and modifications should be considered to fall within the scope of the invention. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for detecting hygroscopic filthy aluminum phosphate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing dirty samples of the insulation surface of the electrical equipment containing aluminum phosphate with different mass fractions, and obtaining the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in each dirty sample;
s2, irradiating the contaminated samples on the insulating surfaces of the electrical equipment by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method, and obtaining plasma characteristic spectrum data of the contaminated samples with different aluminum phosphate mass fractions;
s3, establishing a calibration relation between plasma characteristic spectrum data obtained by the pollution samples with different aluminum phosphate mass fractions and the aluminum phosphate mass fractions in the pollution samples;
s4, irradiating the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested with pulse laser beams with the same parameters by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method to obtain dirty plasma characteristic spectrum data of the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested;
and S5, determining the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in the insulating surface dirt of the electrical equipment to be detected by utilizing the calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data established in the step S3 and the mass fraction of the aluminum phosphate in the dirt sample according to the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be detected.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the ash density difference of the samples of contaminants on the insulating surface of each electrical device is less than a predetermined value.
3. The method for detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate of claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S1, the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate in the contaminant sample on the insulating surface of each electrical device is determined by a phase analysis method.
4. The method for detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step S2, n test points are selected for each block sample, each test point is continuously impacted with a pulsed laser beam m times at a frequency of 1Hz, and then the results of the wavelength spectrum lines corresponding to the plasma characteristic spectra of the n test points are averaged, wherein n, m is greater than or equal to 5.
5. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pre-processing of the plasma characteristic spectrum data prior to step S3 comprises removing background spectrum interference and normalizing characteristic element spectra.
6. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plasma characteristic spectral data comprises line intensities, line intensity ratios, or plasma parameters of an element.
7. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminating aluminum phosphate as in any of claims 1-6, wherein in step S3, a linear fit is performed based on the characteristic spectral lines of phosphorus and/or aluminum with the spectral line intensity of the element as the independent variable and the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate as the dependent variable to obtain the scaling relationship.
8. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate as claimed in any of claims 1-6, wherein in step S3, a linear fit is performed based on the characteristic lines of phosphorus and aluminum with the ratio of the phosphorus to aluminum spectral line intensities as independent variables and the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate as dependent variables to obtain the calibration relationship.
9. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminating aluminum phosphate as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, wherein in step S3, a linear fit is performed based on the plasma parameters of phosphorus and/or aluminum with the plasma parameters of the elements as independent variables and the mass fraction of aluminum phosphate as dependent variables to obtain the scaling relationship.
10. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate of any of claims 1-9, wherein the electrical device is an insulator.
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