CN111041653B - Preparation method of heat-resistant canvas - Google Patents

Preparation method of heat-resistant canvas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111041653B
CN111041653B CN201911408506.5A CN201911408506A CN111041653B CN 111041653 B CN111041653 B CN 111041653B CN 201911408506 A CN201911408506 A CN 201911408506A CN 111041653 B CN111041653 B CN 111041653B
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temperature
heat
melt
ecdp
vertical lines
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CN111041653A (en
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钟建峰
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Shenzhen Hongxiang New Material Development Co ltd
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Shenzhen Hongxiang New Material Development Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/06—Feeding liquid to the spinning head
    • D01D1/09—Control of pressure, temperature or feeding rate
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of heat-resistant canvas, according to the spinning process, after PET melt and ECDP melt are distributed, the industrial yarn is extruded from a spinneret orifice on the same spinneret plate, after relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fiber, the heat-resistant canvas is prepared by weaving into cloth, padding RFL impregnating solution, drying, calendering rubber layer and vulcanizing; the spinning process comprises two-stage drawing and three-stage shaping, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the PET melt is 0.80-0.85 dL/g, and the intrinsic viscosity of the ECDP melt is 1.05-1.10 dL/g; the cross section of the spinneret orifice is
Figure DDA0002349331950000011
The shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line; dispensing means controlling the flow of the PET melt through one horizontal line while controlling the flow of the ECDP melt through two vertical lines. The invention effectively improves the mechanical property of the two-component composite fiber and the contact area of the two-component composite fiber and the impregnating solution, and prepares the heat-resistant canvas with higher bonding strength.

Description

Preparation method of heat-resistant canvas
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fibers, and relates to a preparation method of heat-resistant canvas.
Background
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers have been developed rapidly since the advent due to their excellent properties, and their production has become the world's cap of synthetic fibers. Because the polyester fiber has a series of excellent performances such as high breaking strength, high elastic modulus, moderate rebound resilience, excellent heat setting performance, good heat and light resistance, good acid, alkali and corrosion resistance and the like, and the fabric prepared from the polyester fiber has the advantages of good crease resistance, good stiffness and smoothness and the like, the polyester fiber is widely applied to various fields. In China, polyester with the content of polyethylene terephthalate exceeding 85 percent is called terylene. The polyester filament yarn has excellent performance, is one of the fastest-developing products with the highest yield in synthetic fibers, and has wide application in decoration, industry and textile and clothing industry.
With the development and progress of society, industries such as steel, mining and cement are developed vigorously, and the demand of the industries on a conveying belt is huge, particularly on a heat-resistant conveying belt. At present, common polyester yarns or nylon yarns are mostly used as a canvas framework of the heat-resistant conveying belt, the heat resistance of the canvas is improved by rubberizing the surface of the canvas, but the rubberizing cannot completely soak the canvas layer, and even if the canvas is completely wrapped by the rubberizing, the canvas is a combustible material, so that an ideal material with the heat resistance cannot be obtained.
The current heat-resistant conveying belt generally mainly comprises a belt core (formed by one or more layers of canvas covered with rubber through calendering), an upper covering layer, a lower covering layer and edge rubber. The calendering makes the melted resin easily enter the gaps of the fabric under the action of pressure, so that the resin is well combined, and meanwhile, a firmer bonding layer can be formed between the melted resin and the yarns, so that the interface bonding of the melted resin and the yarns is enhanced, and the tensile strength is further improved. Meanwhile, because the synthetic fiber (polyester industrial yarn) has few ends, smooth surface and low chemical activity, an adhesive bond is difficult to establish on an interface, in order to improve the viscosity of rubber and fiber, impregnation is generally needed before calendering, and impregnation liquid generally contains compounds such as-NH capable of being combined with fiber end groups2Polar groups such as-OH and-COOH. The most common impregnation liquid at present is RFL (resorcinol-formaldehyde resin) impregnation liquid which is suitable for treating cotton, rayon, nylon, polyester or glass fiber fabrics, because the RF resin contains active hydrogen atoms which can generate crosslinking action with rubber and can generate-NH in fibers2-OH bonding. However, the adhesion between rubber and terylene is poor, so that the heat-resistant canvas can not meet the actual use requirement, for example, terylene can be addedThe contact area with the impregnation liquid will effectively solve the problem.
In addition, the dyeing property of the canvas base cloth made of terylene is poor, along with the industrial production and the application range expansion of ECDP high polymer and fiber, a new product ECDP/PET double-component composite fiber with more vitality is produced, the ECDP/PET double-component composite fiber has excellent performances of ECDP and PET, if the ECDP/PET double-component composite fiber is used for replacing terylene, the problem of poor dyeing property of the canvas base cloth is effectively solved, however, the mechanical property of the ECDP/PET double-component composite fiber is poor at present, and the use requirement of the canvas base cloth cannot be met.
Therefore, the ECDP/PET double-component composite fiber which is excellent in mechanical property and large in contact area with the impregnation liquid is developed and applied to the heat-resistant canvas, and the ECDP/PET double-component composite fiber is of great practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides the ECDP/PET double-component composite fiber with excellent mechanical property and larger contact area with an impregnating solution, and applies the ECDP/PET double-component composite fiber to heat-resistant canvas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of heat-resistant canvas comprises the steps of distributing PET melt and ECDP melt according to a spinning process, extruding the PET melt and the ECDP melt from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate to prepare industrial filaments, carrying out relaxation heat treatment to obtain self-twisted fibers, weaving the fibers into cloth, padding RFL impregnation liquid, drying, calendering rubber layers and vulcanizing to prepare the heat-resistant canvas;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 295-297 ℃, the winding speed is 4400-4600 m/min, the one-roll speed is 2000-2100 m/min, the one-roll temperature is 80 +/-5 ℃, the two-roll speed is 3100-3200 m/min, the two-roll temperature is 90-100 ℃, the three-roll speed is 4500-4700 m/min, the three-roll temperature is 245-255 ℃, the four-roll speed is 4500-4700 m/min, the four-roll temperature is 245-255 ℃, the five-roll speed is 4400-4600 m/min, and the five-roll temperature is 245-255 ℃;
the intrinsic viscosity of the PET melt is 0.80-0.85 dL/g, the temperature of a PET melt spinning box body is 293-295 ℃, the intrinsic viscosity of the ECDP melt is 1.05-1.10 dL/g, the temperature of the ECDP melt spinning box body is 297-302 ℃, and the temperature of an assembly spinning box body is 295-297 ℃;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002349331930000021
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002349331930000022
the shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line, the two vertical lines are respectively positioned at two sides of the transverse line, and the intersection points of the two vertical lines and the transverse line are positioned at the end points of the transverse line;
the widths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the widths of the two vertical lines to the width of one transverse line is 1.5-2.5: 1; the lengths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the lengths of the two vertical lines to the length of the transverse line is 4-6: 10; a ratio of length to width of a transverse line is 6-8: 1;
the distribution means that the PET melt is controlled to flow through a transverse line, and the ECDP melt is controlled to flow through two vertical lines.
One of the purposes of the invention is to solve the problem that the mechanical property of the two-component composite fiber in the prior art can not meet the use requirement of the heat-resistant canvas, and the method is realized by selecting proper raw materials and adjusting the parameters of the spinning process, and the mechanism is as follows:
the PET and ECDP with relatively high molecular weight (macroscopically embodied in larger intrinsic viscosity) are selected, and meanwhile, the two-pass drawing and the three-pass shaping are designed, and corresponding process parameters are matched, so that the fibers are fully drawn, the crystallinity and the orientation degree of the fibers are improved, and the mechanical property of the fibers is improved;
in addition, the invention reasonably sets the temperature of the PET melt spinning manifold, the ECDP melt spinning manifold and the assembly spinning manifold, and ensures that the apparent viscosities of the PET component and the ECDP component extruded from the spinneret orifice are relatively close, thereby ensuring the smooth proceeding of spinning;
the invention aims to solve the problems of poor performance of the heat-resistant canvas caused by small contact area between industrial yarns and impregnation liquid and poor interface combination in the process of preparing the heat-resistant canvas in the prior art, and particularly realizes the twisting of fibers by reasonably designing the shape and the size of spinneret holes, wherein the mechanism is as follows:
in the spinning process of synthetic fibers, when the fibers are formed, the inside of the fibers can be oriented and crystallized, so that the fibers have internal stress, when external conditions are changed, such as heating or contact with water, the formed fibers can be deformed due to environmental changes, namely, the oriented parts or crystallized areas in the fibers can be changed relatively, the internal stress of the fibers is an additional interaction force for trying to restore the deformed fibers to the initial state, for different polymers, the orientation and the crystallization inside the fibers are different, and therefore, the internal stress generated by different polymers is different;
in the present invention, the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002349331930000031
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002349331930000032
the shape of the special-shaped metal plate comprises a transverse line and two vertical lines (a vertical line I and a vertical line II) vertically connected with the transverse line, wherein the two vertical lines are positioned on two opposite sides of the transverse line, the widths of the vertical line I and the vertical line II are the same, the lengths of the vertical line I and the vertical line II are larger than the width of the transverse line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II are made of ECDP, and the transverse line is made of PET;
at the contact position of the vertical line I or the vertical line II and the transverse line, two internal stresses in opposite directions exist simultaneously, the internal stress in one direction is originated from PET, the internal stress in the other direction is originated from ECDP, and the internal stresses in the two opposite directions mutually counteract to form the internal stress in a single direction;
because the length of the vertical line I and the vertical line II is greater than the width of the transverse line, and the internal stress of the ECDP is greater than that of the PET, the final direction of the internal stress points to the vertical line I at the position where the vertical line I is contacted with the transverse line, and the final direction of the internal stress points to the vertical line II at the position where the vertical line II is contacted with the transverse line, and the final direction of the internal stress points to the vertical line II at the position where the vertical line I is contacted with the transverse line and the contact of the vertical line II with the transverse line are both sides of the transverse line, the final direction of the internal stress points to the vertical line I and the contact ofThe final direction of the internal stress of the location of (A) is opposite, that of the fibre
Figure BDA0002349331930000033
The two internal stresses in opposite directions exist on the cross section of the shape, so that the fibers are twisted to form a self-twisted structure, the fibers have the self-twisted structure, the surface of the fibers in unit length is actively and greatly increased, the contact area of the fibers and the impregnating solution is correspondingly increased, the interface bonding degree is improved, the heat-resistant canvas performance is obviously improved, and the macroscopic performance is obviously improved in performance indexes such as bonding strength;
in addition, because the widths of the vertical lines I and the vertical lines II are the same, and the lengths of the vertical lines I and the vertical lines II are the same, the internal stress at the contact position of the vertical lines I and the horizontal lines is equal to the internal stress at the contact position of the vertical lines II and the horizontal lines, and then the internal stress and the internal stress are matched
Figure BDA0002349331930000034
Dimensional parameters of the shape such that the twist angle per unit length of the fiber
Figure BDA0002349331930000036
The thickness of the canvas reaches 54-167 DEG/10 mu m, and the performance of the canvas in all aspects is favorably considered.
As a preferable scheme:
according to the preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas, the mass ratio of the PET melt to the ECDP melt is 55: 45-60: 40.
According to the preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas, the composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises the first distribution plate, the second distribution plate, the third distribution plate and the spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom;
the first distribution plate is provided with a runner A1 through which the ECDP melt flows and a runner B1 through which the PET melt flows;
the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2;
the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular;
the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides;
a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3;
the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002349331930000035
The through hole on M3 is positioned at two ends of E, the through hole on O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and the through hole on I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E;
on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002349331930000041
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002349331930000042
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped.
The preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas comprises the following spinning process flows: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding.
The preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas has the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment of 90-120 ℃ and the time of 20-30 min.
In the method for manufacturing the heat-resistant canvas, the self-twisted fibers have a twisted shape and a twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002349331930000043
Is 54 to 167 DEG/10 μm (
Figure BDA0002349331930000044
l is the length of the fiber section with the number of turns of 1 inMum) of 3.0 to 4.5dtex, a multifilament fineness of 1100 to 2880dtex, a breaking strength of not less than 7.0cN/dtex, an elongation at break of 11.0 to 13.5%, and a dry heat shrinkage of 3.2 to 3.8% at 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex.
According to the preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas, the RFL dipping solution is subjected to a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and the roller pressure is 3.0-4.0 MPa; the drying temperature is 100-150 ℃, and the drying time is 50-60 s; the calendering temperature is 110-130 ℃, the pressure is 8-10 MPa, and the fabric conveying speed is 15-20 m/min; the calendering temperature is 80-100 ℃, and the fabric conveying speed is 15-20 m/min; the rubber is ethylene propylene rubber, the rubber is positioned on two sides of the fabric, and the thickness of the ethylene propylene rubber on one side is 0.6-0.8 mm; the vulcanization temperature is 160-170 ℃, the pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, and the time is 15-20 min.
The preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas has the gram weight of 400-500 g/m2The peeling grade is 5 grade, the application temperature range is-50 ℃ to +150 ℃, the tearing strength is more than or equal to 7.5N/mm, and the bonding strength is more than or equal to 7.5N/mm.
Has the advantages that:
(1) according to the preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas, the mechanical property of the ECDP/PET double-component composite fiber is improved through the selection of raw materials and the adjustment of a spinning process, so that the heat-resistant canvas can meet the use requirement;
(2) according to the preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas, the shape and the size of the spinneret orifice are reasonably designed, so that the fibers are twisted, the contact area of the ECDP/PET double-component composite fibers and the impregnation liquid is increased, and the bonding strength of the heat-resistant canvas is further increased;
(3) according to the preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas, the temperatures of the PET melt spinning box, the ECDP melt spinning box and the assembly spinning box are reasonably set, so that the ECDP/PET two-component composite fiber spinning is ensured to be smoothly carried out;
(4) the preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas has the advantages of simple process, low cost and wide application prospect;
(5) the heat-resistant canvas prepared by the invention has excellent comprehensive performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic view of a composite spin pack assembly;
FIGS. 2-3 are schematic structural views of two side surfaces of a first distribution plate;
FIGS. 4 to 5 are schematic structural views of two side surfaces of the second distribution plate;
FIGS. 6 to 7 are schematic structural views of the surfaces of both sides of the third distribution plate;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the spinneret plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
A preparation method of heat-resistant canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after PET melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.8dL/g) and ECDP melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.05dL/g) in a mass ratio of 55:45 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
as shown in FIG. 8, the spinneret plate has orifices
Figure BDA0002349331930000051
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002349331930000052
the shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line; the widths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the widths of the two vertical lines to the width of one transverse line is 1.5: 1; the lengths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the length ratio of the two vertical lines to the length of the transverse line is 4: 10; a transverse line having a length to width ratio of6:1；
The distribution means that the PET melt is controlled to flow through a transverse line, and the ECDP melt is controlled to flow through two vertical lines;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body, and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom as shown in figures 1-7; the first distribution plate is provided with a runner A1 through which the ECDP melt flows and a runner B1 through which the PET melt flows; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002349331930000053
The through hole on M3 is positioned at two ends of E, the through hole on O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and the through hole on I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002349331930000054
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002349331930000055
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the winding speed is 4400m/min, the one-roller speed is 2000m/min, the one-roller temperature is 75 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3100m/min, the two-roller temperature is 90 ℃, the three-roller speed is 4500m/min, the three-roller temperature is 245 ℃, the four-roller speed is 4500m/min, the four-roller temperature is 245 ℃, the five-roller speed is 4400m/min and the five-roller temperature is 245 ℃;
the temperature of the PET melt spinning box body is 293 ℃, the temperature of the ECDP melt spinning box body is 297 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning box body is 295 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 90 ℃ and the time is 30 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002349331930000064
54 DEG/10 mu m, the single fiber fineness of 3dtex, the breaking strength of 7cN/dtex, the elongation at break of 12.7 percent and the dry heat shrinkage rate of 3.4 percent under the conditions of 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing heat-resistant canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding RFL impregnation liquid, drying, calendering the rubber layer and vulcanizing to obtain heat-resistant canvas;
the RFL dipping solution is subjected to a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and the roller pressure is 3 MPa; the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 60 s; the calendering temperature is 110 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, and the fabric conveying speed is 15 m/min; the calendering temperature is 80 ℃, and the fabric conveying speed is 15 m/min; the rubber is ethylene propylene rubber, the rubber is positioned on two sides of the fabric, and the thickness of the ethylene propylene rubber on one side is 0.6 mm; the vulcanization temperature is 160 ℃, the pressure is 3MPa, and the time is 20 min;
the gram weight of the prepared heat-resistant canvas is 400g/m2The peel grade is 5 grade, the application temperature range is-50 ℃ to +150 ℃, the tear strength is 7.5N/mm, and the adhesive strength is 7.5N/mm.
Example 2
A preparation method of heat-resistant canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, PET melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.82dL/g) and ECDP melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.1dL/g) in a mass ratio of 55:45 are distributed, and are extruded from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate to prepare industrial yarns, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002349331930000061
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002349331930000062
the shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line; the widths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the widths of the two vertical lines to the width of one transverse line is 2.1: 1; the lengths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the length ratio of the two vertical lines to the length of the transverse line is 4: 10; a transverse line having a length to width ratio of 6: 1;
the distribution means that the PET melt is controlled to flow through a transverse line, and the ECDP melt is controlled to flow through two vertical lines;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a runner A1 through which the ECDP melt flows and a runner B1 through which the PET melt flows; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002349331930000063
The through hole on M3 is positioned at two ends of E, the through hole on O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and the through hole on I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plateIs/are as follows
Figure BDA0002349331930000071
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002349331930000072
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the winding speed is 4510m/min, the one-roll speed is 2090m/min, the one-roll temperature is 75 ℃, the two-roll speed is 3180m/min, the two-roll temperature is 90 ℃, the three-roll speed is 4610m/min, the three-roll temperature is 254 ℃, the four-roll speed is 4610m/min, the four-roll temperature is 246 ℃, the five-roll speed is 4510m/min and the five-roll temperature is 253 ℃;
the temperature of the PET melt spinning box body is 293 ℃, the temperature of the ECDP melt spinning box body is 302 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning box body is 295 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 92 ℃, and the time is 28 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002349331930000075
109 DEG/10 mu m, the single fiber number of 3.3dtex, the breaking strength of 7cN/dtex, the elongation at break of 12.4%, at 177 ℃, 10min, 0.05cN/dtex conditions of the dry heat shrinkage rate of 3.5%;
(2) preparing heat-resistant canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding RFL impregnation liquid, drying, calendering the rubber layer and vulcanizing to obtain heat-resistant canvas;
the RFL dipping solution is subjected to a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and the roller pressure is 3 MPa; the drying temperature is 131 ℃, and the drying time is 57 s; the calendering temperature is 116 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, and the fabric conveying speed is 17 m/min; the calendering temperature is 93 ℃, and the fabric conveying speed is 15 m/min; the rubber is ethylene propylene rubber, the rubber is positioned on two sides of the fabric, and the thickness of the ethylene propylene rubber on one side is 0.6 mm; the vulcanization temperature is 167 ℃, the pressure is 3MPa, and the time is 17 min;
the gram weight of the prepared heat-resistant canvas is 434g/m2The peel grade is 5 grade, the service temperature range is-50 ℃ to +150 ℃, the tear strength is 7.72N/mm, and the adhesive strength is 7.85N/mm.
Example 3
A preparation method of heat-resistant canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after PET melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.84dL/g) and ECDP melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.06dL/g) in a mass ratio of 55:45 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002349331930000073
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002349331930000074
the shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line; the widths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the widths of the two vertical lines to the width of one transverse line is 2.1: 1; the lengths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the length ratio of the two vertical lines to the length of the transverse line is 5: 10; a transverse line having a length to width ratio of 7: 1;
the distribution means that the PET melt is controlled to flow through a transverse line, and the ECDP melt is controlled to flow through two vertical lines;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a runner A1 through which the ECDP melt flows and a runner B1 through which the PET melt flows; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; o is2 completely coincides with the orthographic projection of O3, M2 completely coincides with the orthographic projection of M3, and I2 completely coincides with the orthographic projection of I3; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002349331930000081
The through hole on M3 is positioned at two ends of E, the through hole on O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and the through hole on I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002349331930000082
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002349331930000083
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the winding speed is 4450m/min, the one-roller speed is 2080m/min, the one-roller temperature is 85 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3130m/min, the two-roller temperature is 100 ℃, the three-roller speed is 4550m/min, the three-roller temperature is 250 ℃, the four-roller speed is 4550m/min, the four-roller temperature is 249 ℃, the five-roller speed is 4450m/min, and the five-roller temperature is 250 ℃;
the temperature of the PET melt spinning box body is 295 ℃, the temperature of the ECDP melt spinning box body is 301 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning box body is 295 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 113 ℃, and the time is 21 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002349331930000084
108 DEG/10 mu m, a single fiber fineness of 3.3dtex, a breaking strength of 7cN/dtex, an elongation at break of 13.5%, dry strength at 177 ℃, 10min, 0.05cN/dtexThe thermal shrinkage rate was 3.2%;
(2) preparing heat-resistant canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding RFL impregnation liquid, drying, calendering the rubber layer and vulcanizing to obtain heat-resistant canvas;
the RFL dipping solution is subjected to a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and the roller pressure is 4 MPa; the drying temperature is 115 ℃ and the drying time is 60 s; the calendering temperature is 126 ℃, the pressure is 9MPa, and the fabric conveying speed is 19 m/min; the calendering temperature is 95 ℃, and the fabric conveying speed is 15 m/min; the rubber is ethylene propylene rubber, the rubber is positioned on two sides of the fabric, and the thickness of the ethylene propylene rubber on one side is 0.8 mm; the vulcanization temperature is 168 ℃, the pressure is 3MPa, and the time is 17 min;
the gram weight of the prepared heat-resistant canvas is 438g/m2The peel grade is 5 grade, the service temperature range is-50 ℃ to +150 ℃, the tear strength is 7.53N/mm, and the adhesive strength is 8.03N/mm.
Example 4
A preparation method of heat-resistant canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, PET melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 0.83dL/g) and ECDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.1dL/g) in a mass ratio of 55:45 are distributed, and are extruded from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate to prepare industrial yarns, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002349331930000091
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002349331930000092
the shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line; the widths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the widths of the two vertical lines to the width of one transverse line is 2.4: 1; the lengths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the length ratio of the two vertical lines to the length of the transverse line is 4: 10; a transverse line having a length to width ratio of 6: 1;
the distribution means that the PET melt is controlled to flow through a transverse line, and the ECDP melt is controlled to flow through two vertical lines;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a runner A1 through which the ECDP melt flows and a runner B1 through which the PET melt flows; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002349331930000093
The through hole on M3 is positioned at two ends of E, the through hole on O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and the through hole on I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002349331930000094
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002349331930000095
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the winding speed is 4590m/min, the one-roller speed is 2030m/min, the one-roller temperature is 82 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3100m/min, the two-roller temperature is 96 ℃, the three-roller speed is 4690m/min, the three-roller temperature is 246 ℃, the four-roller speed is 4690m/min, the four-roller temperature is 245 ℃, the five-roller speed is 4590m/min and the five-roller temperature is 245 ℃;
the temperature of the PET melt spinning manifold is 294 ℃, the temperature of the ECDP melt spinning manifold is 302 ℃, and the temperature of the assembly spinning manifold is 297 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 99 ℃, and the time is 23 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002349331930000096
163 DEG/10 mu m, a single-filament fineness of 3.4dtex, a breaking strength of 7.7cN/dtex, an elongation at break of 11%, and a dry heat shrinkage of 3.8% at 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing heat-resistant canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding RFL impregnation liquid, drying, calendering the rubber layer and vulcanizing to obtain heat-resistant canvas;
the RFL dipping solution is subjected to a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and the roller pressure is 4 MPa; the drying temperature is 133 ℃, and the drying time is 51 s; the calendering temperature is 125 ℃, the pressure is 9MPa, and the fabric conveying speed is 18 m/min; the calendering temperature is 91 ℃, and the fabric conveying speed is 18 m/min; the rubber is ethylene propylene rubber, the rubber is positioned on two sides of the fabric, and the thickness of the ethylene propylene rubber on one side is 0.6 mm; the vulcanization temperature is 160 ℃, the pressure is 3MPa, and the time is 19 min;
the gram weight of the prepared heat-resistant canvas is 475g/m2The peel grade is 5 grade, the service temperature range is-50 ℃ to +150 ℃, the tear strength is 7.62N/mm, and the adhesive strength is 8.1N/mm.
Example 5
A preparation method of heat-resistant canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after a PET melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.83dL/g) and an ECDP melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.06dL/g) in a mass ratio of 60:40 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002349331930000101
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002349331930000102
the shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line; the widths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the widths of the two vertical lines to the width of one transverse line is 1.6: 1; the lengths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the length ratio of the two vertical lines to the length of the transverse line is 5: 10; a transverse line having a length to width ratio of 7: 1;
the distribution means that the PET melt is controlled to flow through a transverse line, and the ECDP melt is controlled to flow through two vertical lines;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a runner A1 through which the ECDP melt flows and a runner B1 through which the PET melt flows; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002349331930000103
The through hole on M3 is positioned at two ends of E, the through hole on O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and the through hole on I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002349331930000104
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002349331930000105
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the winding speed is 4450m/min, the one-roller speed is 2080m/min, the one-roller temperature is 79 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3150m/min, the two-roller temperature is 93 ℃, the three-roller speed is 4550m/min, the three-roller temperature is 255 ℃, the four-roller speed is 4550m/min, the four-roller temperature is 246 ℃, the five-roller speed is 4450m/min, and the five-roller temperature is 250 ℃;
the temperature of the PET melt spinning manifold is 295 ℃, the temperature of the ECDP melt spinning manifold is 299 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 295 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 110 ℃, and the time is 22 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002349331930000116
149 DEG/10 mu m, the single fiber fineness of 3.6dtex, the breaking strength of 7cN/dtex, the elongation at break of 13.2%, the dry heat shrinkage rate under 177 ℃, 10min, 0.05cN/dtex conditions of 3.3%;
(2) preparing heat-resistant canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding RFL impregnation liquid, drying, calendering the rubber layer and vulcanizing to obtain heat-resistant canvas;
the RFL dipping solution is subjected to a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and the roller pressure is 3 MPa; the drying temperature is 130 ℃, and the drying time is 58 s; the calendering temperature is 115 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, and the fabric conveying speed is 18 m/min; the calendering temperature is 87 ℃, and the fabric conveying speed is 18 m/min; the rubber is ethylene propylene rubber, the rubber is positioned on two sides of the fabric, and the thickness of the ethylene propylene rubber on one side is 0.6 mm; the vulcanization temperature is 165 ℃, the pressure is 3MPa, and the time is 18 min;
the obtained heat-resistant canvas has a gram weight of 493g/m2The peel grade is 5 grade, the service temperature range is-50 ℃ to +150 ℃, the tear strength is 7.59N/mm, and the adhesive strength is 8.19N/mm.
Example 6
A preparation method of heat-resistant canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after PET melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.82dL/g) and ECDP melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.06dL/g) in a mass ratio of 55:45 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002349331930000111
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002349331930000112
the shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line; the widths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the widths of the two vertical lines to the width of one transverse line is 1.9: 1; the lengths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the length ratio of the two vertical lines to the length of the transverse line is 5: 10; a transverse line having a length to width ratio of 6: 1;
the distribution means that the PET melt is controlled to flow through a transverse line, and the ECDP melt is controlled to flow through two vertical lines;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a runner A1 through which the ECDP melt flows and a runner B1 through which the PET melt flows; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; o2 completely coincides with the orthographic projection of O3, M2 completely coincides with the orthographic projection of M3, and I2 completely coincides with the orthographic projection of I3(ii) a A1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002349331930000113
The through hole on M3 is positioned at two ends of E, the through hole on O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and the through hole on I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002349331930000114
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002349331930000115
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the winding speed is 4480m/min, the one-roller speed is 2090m/min, the one-roller temperature is 84 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3150m/min, the two-roller temperature is 99 ℃, the three-roller speed is 4580m/min, the three-roller temperature is 251 ℃, the four-roller speed is 4580m/min, the four-roller temperature is 254 ℃, the five-roller speed is 4480m/min, and the five-roller temperature is 252 ℃;
the temperature of the PET melt spinning box body is 293 ℃, the temperature of the ECDP melt spinning box body is 298 ℃, and the temperature of the assembly spinning box body is 297 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 95 ℃, and the time is 24 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002349331930000123
119 degree/10 μm, single filament fineness of 4.4dtex, breaking strength of 7cN/dtex, elongation at break of 13.1%, and dry heat shrinkage rate of 3.3% at 177 deg.C, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing heat-resistant canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding RFL impregnation liquid, drying, calendering the rubber layer and vulcanizing to obtain heat-resistant canvas;
the RFL dipping solution is subjected to a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and the roller pressure is 4 MPa; the drying temperature is 119 ℃ and the drying time is 60 s; the calendering temperature is 128 ℃, the pressure is 8MPa, and the fabric conveying speed is 18 m/min; the calendering temperature is 92 ℃, and the fabric conveying speed is 18 m/min; the rubber is ethylene propylene rubber, the rubber is positioned on two sides of the fabric, and the thickness of the ethylene propylene rubber on one side is 0.8 mm; the vulcanization temperature is 169 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the time is 17 min;
the gram weight of the prepared heat-resistant canvas is 498g/m2The peel grade is 5 grade, the service temperature range is-50 ℃ to +150 ℃, the tear strength is 7.62N/mm, and the adhesive strength is 8.22N/mm.
Example 7
A preparation method of heat-resistant canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after PET melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.83dL/g) and ECDP melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.08dL/g) in a mass ratio of 55:45 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002349331930000121
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002349331930000122
the shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line; the widths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the widths of the two vertical lines to the width of one transverse line is 2.2: 1; the lengths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the length ratio of the two vertical lines to the length of the transverse line is 4: 10; a transverse line having a length to width ratio of 7: 1;
the distribution means that the PET melt is controlled to flow through a transverse line, and the ECDP melt is controlled to flow through two vertical lines;
component spinning boxA composite spinning assembly is arranged in the spinning device, and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a runner A1 through which the ECDP melt flows and a runner B1 through which the PET melt flows; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002349331930000131
The through hole on M3 is positioned at two ends of E, the through hole on O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and the through hole on I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002349331930000132
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002349331930000133
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the winding speed is 4590m/min, the first roller speed is 2060m/min, the first roller temperature is 82 ℃, the second roller speed is 3100m/min, the second roller temperature is 99 ℃, the third roller speed is 4690m/min, the third roller temperature is 245 ℃, the fourth roller speed is 4690m/min, the fourth roller temperature is 246 ℃, the fifth roller speed is 4590m/min, and the fifth roller temperature is 251 ℃;
the temperature of the PET melt spinning manifold is 294 ℃, the temperature of the ECDP melt spinning manifold is 301 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 295 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 91 ℃, and the time is 30 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002349331930000134
91 degree/10 μm, single filament fineness of 4.5dtex, breaking strength of 7.5cN/dtex, elongation at break of 11.9%, and dry heat shrinkage rate of 3.8% at 177 deg.C, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing heat-resistant canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding RFL impregnation liquid, drying, calendering the rubber layer and vulcanizing to obtain heat-resistant canvas;
the RFL dipping solution is subjected to a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and the roller pressure is 4 MPa; the drying temperature is 142 ℃ and the drying time is 50 s; the calendering temperature is 126 ℃, the pressure is 8MPa, and the fabric conveying speed is 18 m/min; the calendering temperature is 82 ℃, and the fabric conveying speed is 16 m/min; the rubber is ethylene propylene rubber, the rubber is positioned on two sides of the fabric, and the thickness of the ethylene propylene rubber on one side is 0.7 mm; the vulcanization temperature is 170 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the time is 15 min;
the gram weight of the prepared heat-resistant canvas is 498g/m2The peel grade is 5 grade, the service temperature range is-50 ℃ to +150 ℃, the tear strength is 7.62N/mm, and the adhesive strength is 8.13N/mm.
Example 8
A preparation method of heat-resistant canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after a PET melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.85dL/g) and an ECDP melt (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.1dL/g) in a mass ratio of 60:40 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002349331930000141
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002349331930000142
the shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line; the widths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the widths of the two vertical lines to the width of one transverse line is 2.5: 1; the lengths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the length ratio of the two vertical lines to the length of the transverse line is 6: 10; a transverse line having a length to width ratio of 8: 1;
the distribution means that the PET melt is controlled to flow through a transverse line, and the ECDP melt is controlled to flow through two vertical lines;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a runner A1 through which the ECDP melt flows and a runner B1 through which the PET melt flows; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002349331930000143
The through hole on M3 is positioned at two ends of E, the through hole on O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and the through hole on I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002349331930000144
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002349331930000145
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the winding speed is 4600m/min, the one-roller speed is 2100m/min, the one-roller temperature is 85 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3200m/min, the two-roller temperature is 100 ℃, the three-roller speed is 4700m/min, the three-roller temperature is 255 ℃, the four-roller speed is 4700m/min, the four-roller temperature is 255 ℃, the five-roller speed is 4600m/min, and the five-roller temperature is 255 ℃;
the temperature of the PET melt spinning manifold is 295 ℃, the temperature of the ECDP melt spinning manifold is 302 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 297 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 120 ℃, and the time is 20 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002349331930000146
167 degree/10 μm, single filament fineness of 4.5dtex, breaking strength of 7.1cN/dtex, elongation at break of 12.2%, and dry heat shrinkage rate of 3.7% at 177 deg.C, 10min, and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing heat-resistant canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding RFL impregnation liquid, drying, calendering the rubber layer and vulcanizing to obtain heat-resistant canvas;
the RFL dipping solution is subjected to a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and the roller pressure is 4 MPa; the drying temperature is 150 ℃ and the drying time is 50 s; the calendering temperature is 130 ℃, the pressure is 8MPa, and the fabric conveying speed is 20 m/min; the calendering temperature is 100 ℃, and the fabric conveying speed is 20 m/min; the rubber is ethylene propylene rubber, the rubber is positioned on two sides of the fabric, and the thickness of the ethylene propylene rubber on one side is 0.8 mm; the vulcanization temperature is 170 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the time is 15 min;
the gram weight of the prepared heat-resistant canvas is 500g/m2Peel rating of grade 5, service temperatureThe temperature range is-50 ℃ to +150 ℃, the tearing strength is 8.25N/mm, and the bonding strength is 8.25N/mm.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of heat-resistant canvas is characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the spinning process, after PET melt and ECDP melt are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate, then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers, and then weaving into cloth, padding RFL impregnation liquid, drying, calendering rubber layers and vulcanizing are carried out to obtain the heat-resistant canvas;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the winding speed is 4400-4600 m/min, the first-roller speed is 2000-2100 m/min, the first-roller temperature is 80 +/-5 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3100-3200 m/min, the two-roller temperature is 90-100 ℃, the three-roller speed is 4500-4700 m/min, the three-roller temperature is 245-255 ℃, the four-roller speed is 4500-4700 m/min, the four-roller temperature is 245-255 ℃, the five-roller speed is 4400-4600 m/min, and the five-roller temperature is 245-255 ℃;
the intrinsic viscosity of the PET melt is 0.80-0.85 dL/g, the temperature of a PET melt spinning box body is 293-295 ℃, the intrinsic viscosity of the ECDP melt is 1.05-1.10 dL/g, the temperature of the ECDP melt spinning box body is 297-302 ℃, and the temperature of an assembly spinning box body is 295-297 ℃;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom;
the first distribution plate is provided with a runner A1 through which the ECDP melt flows and a runner B1 through which the PET melt flows;
the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2;
the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular;
the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides;
a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3;
the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure FDA0002843313780000011
The through hole on M3 is positioned at two ends of E, the through hole on O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and the through hole on I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E;
on the spinneret plate
Figure FDA0002843313780000012
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure FDA0002843313780000013
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure FDA0002843313780000014
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure FDA0002843313780000015
the shape is composed of a transverse line and two vertical lines vertically connected with the transverse line;
the widths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the widths of the two vertical lines to the width of one transverse line is 1.5-2.5: 1; the lengths of the two vertical lines are the same, and the ratio of the lengths of the two vertical lines to the length of the transverse line is 4-6: 10; a ratio of length to width of a transverse line is 6-8: 1;
the distribution means that the PET melt is controlled to flow through a transverse line, and the ECDP melt is controlled to flow through two vertical lines;
the self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure FDA0002843313780000016
Is 54 to 167 DEG/10 mu m.
2. The method for preparing the heat-resistant canvas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the PET melt to the ECDP melt is 55: 45-60: 40.
3. The method for preparing the heat-resistant canvas as claimed in claim 2, wherein the spinning process comprises: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding.
4. A method for preparing a heat resistant canvas as claimed in claim 3, in which the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 90-120 ℃ for 20-30 min.
5. The method for preparing the heat-resistant canvas as claimed in claim 4, wherein the self-twisted fiber has a single filament number of 3.0 to 4.5dtex, a multifilament number of 1100 to 2880dtex, a breaking strength of not less than 7.0cN/dtex, an elongation at break of 11.0 to 13.5%, and a dry heat shrinkage rate of 3.2 to 3.8% at 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex.
6. The preparation method of the heat-resistant canvas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the padding RFL dipping solution adopts a two-dipping two-rolling process, and the roller pressure is 3.0-4.0 MPa; the drying temperature is 100-150 ℃, and the drying time is 50-60 s; the calendering temperature is 110-130 ℃, the pressure is 8-10 MPa, and the fabric conveying speed is 15-20 m/min; the calendering temperature is 80-100 ℃, and the fabric conveying speed is 15-20 m/min; the rubber is ethylene propylene rubber, the rubber is positioned on two sides of the fabric, and the thickness of the ethylene propylene rubber on one side is 0.6-0.8 mm; the vulcanization temperature is 160-170 ℃, the pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, and the time is 15-20 min.
7. A method for manufacturing a heat resistant canvas as claimed in claim 6, in which the heat resistant canvas has a grammage of 400-500 g/m2The peeling grade is 5 grade, the application temperature range is-50 to +150 ℃, the tearing strength is more than or equal to 7.5N/mm, and the bonding strength is more than or equal to 7.5N-mm。
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