CN111058113A - Preparation method of water-repellent canvas - Google Patents

Preparation method of water-repellent canvas Download PDF

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CN111058113A
CN111058113A CN201911403148.9A CN201911403148A CN111058113A CN 111058113 A CN111058113 A CN 111058113A CN 201911403148 A CN201911403148 A CN 201911403148A CN 111058113 A CN111058113 A CN 111058113A
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viscosity
water
vertical line
cdp
temperature
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钟建峰
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Shenzhen Hongxiang New Material Development Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Hongxiang New Material Development Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/06—Distributing spinning solution or melt to spinning nozzles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/12—Permeability or impermeability properties
    • D06N2209/126—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • D06N2209/128—Non-permeable
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
    • D06N2209/1664—Releasability

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of water-repellent canvas, according to the spinning process, after distributing high low viscosity CDP melt, extrude and make the industrial silk from the spinneret orifice on the same spinneret plate, carry on the relaxation heat treatment and get the fiber of self-distortion, weave the fiber of self-distortion into cloth, pad the water-proof finishing agent and coat the water-proof coating and make water-repellent canvas; the spinning process comprises two-stage drawing and three-stage shaping, the intrinsic viscosity of the high-viscosity CDP melt is 1.10-1.23 dL/g, and the intrinsic viscosity of the low-viscosity CDP melt is 0.70-0.75 dL/g; the cross section of the spinneret orifice is
Figure DDA0002347955690000011
The shape is formed by a transverse line and a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the transverse line; dispensing means controlling the flow of the low viscosity CDP melt through the vertical line I, II while controlling the flow of the high viscosity CDP melt through the horizontal line. The invention improves the mechanical property of the two-component composite fiber and the contact area of the two-component composite fiber and the waterproof finishing agent, and prepares the water-repellent canvas with high peel strength.

Description

Preparation method of water-repellent canvas
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fibers, and relates to a preparation method of water-repellent canvas.
Background
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers have been developed rapidly since the advent due to their excellent properties, and their production has become the world's cap of synthetic fibers. Because the polyester fiber has a series of excellent performances such as high breaking strength, high elastic modulus, moderate rebound resilience, excellent heat setting performance, good heat and light resistance, good acid, alkali and corrosion resistance and the like, and the fabric prepared from the polyester fiber has the advantages of good crease resistance, good stiffness and smoothness and the like, the polyester fiber is widely applied to various fields. In China, polyester with the content of polyethylene terephthalate exceeding 85 percent is called terylene. The polyester filament yarn has excellent performance, is one of the fastest-developing products with the highest yield in synthetic fibers, and has wide application in decoration, industry and textile and clothing industry.
With the development and progress of society, industries such as steel, mining and cement are developed vigorously, and the requirement of the industries on a conveying belt is huge. Present conveyer belt is mostly made by the canvas, and its material is mostly ordinary dacron or nylon. Because the conveyer belt is usually operated in the open air, certain requirements are put on the water repellency of the conveyer belt.
The present conveyer belt is produced by coating canvas with waterproof coating to raise its water repellency, and because of the scarce synthetic fiber end, smooth surface and low chemical activity, it is difficult to establish adhesive bond in the interface, the canvas base material is first treated through waterproof finishing to raise the combining strength between the fiber and the waterproof coating, and the waterproof finishing agent is soaked in waterproof finishing agent containing fiber end radical capable of being combined with fiber end radical, such as-NH2Active groups such as-OH, -COOH and the like can enhance the bonding fastness of the fiber and the waterproof coating. However, the adhesion between the waterproof coating and the terylene is poor, so that the water repellent canvas can not meet the actual use requirement, and the problem can be effectively solved if the contact area between the terylene and the waterproof finishing agent can be increased.
In addition, the dyeing property of the canvas base cloth using the terylene as the raw material is poor, and with the industrial production and the application range expansion of CDP high polymer and fiber, a new high-viscosity CDP/low-viscosity CDP two-component composite fiber with more vitality is produced, the dyeing property of the composite fiber is excellent, if the composite fiber is used for replacing the terylene, the problem of poor dyeing property of the canvas base cloth can be effectively solved, however, the mechanical property of the high-viscosity CDP/low-viscosity CDP two-component composite fiber is poor, and the use requirement of the canvas base cloth can not be met.
Therefore, the development of the high-viscosity CDP/low-viscosity CDP two-component composite fiber with excellent mechanical property and large contact area with the waterproof finishing agent has practical significance in applying the composite fiber to the water-repellent canvas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides the high-viscosity CDP/low-viscosity CDP two-component composite fiber with excellent mechanical property and larger contact area with a waterproof finishing agent, and applies the high-viscosity CDP/low-viscosity CDP two-component composite fiber to water-repellent canvas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a water-repellent canvas comprises the steps of distributing low-viscosity CDP melt and high-viscosity CDP melt according to a spinning process, extruding the low-viscosity CDP melt and the high-viscosity CDP melt from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate to obtain industrial filaments, performing relaxation heat treatment to obtain self-twisted fibers, weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding a waterproof finishing agent and coating a waterproof coating to obtain the water-repellent canvas (the whole process flow is weaving, padding a waterproof finishing agent → drying, baking, calendering, coating the waterproof coating → drying and baking, the padding waterproof finishing agent adopts a two-padding two-rolling process, the waterproof finishing agent is a waterproof agent FS-506, the concentration of the waterproof finishing agent is 20-25 g/L, the roller pressure is 3.0-4.0 MPa, the calendering temperature is 110-130 ℃, the pressure is 8-10 MPa, the conveying speed is 20-25 m/min, all drying temperatures are 100-150 ℃, the time is 60-70 s, the time is 60-90 s; the waterproof coating is positioned on the surfaces of two sides of the fabric, the thickness of the single-side waterproof coating is 0.5-0.8 mm, and the waterproof coating is made of polyurethane;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 285-290 ℃, the cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃, the winding speed is 4500-4700 m/min, the first roller speed is 2000-2100 m/min, the first roller temperature is 80 +/-5 ℃, the two roller speed is 3100-3200 m/min, the two roller temperature is 90-100 ℃, the three roller speed is 4500-4700 m/min, the three roller temperature is 235-245 ℃, the four roller speed is 4500-4700 m/min, the four roller temperature is 235-245 ℃, the five roller speed is 4400-4600 m/min, and the five roller temperature is 235-245 ℃;
the intrinsic viscosity of the high-viscosity CDP melt is 1.10-1.23 dL/g, the temperature of a high-viscosity CDP melt spinning box body is 290-295 ℃, the intrinsic viscosity of the low-viscosity CDP melt is 0.70-0.75 dL/g, the temperature of a low-viscosity CDP melt spinning box body is 280-285 ℃, and the temperature of an assembly spinning box body is 285-290 ℃;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002347955670000021
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002347955670000022
the shape of the horizontal line is composed of a horizontal line and a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II are respectively positioned at two sides of the horizontal line, and the intersection points of the vertical line I and the vertical line II with the horizontal line are positioned at the end points of the horizontal line;
the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II have the same width; the length ratio of the vertical line I to the vertical line II is 1: 1.8-2.3, and the length ratio of the vertical line II to the horizontal line is 4-6: 10; the ratio of the length to the width of the transverse line is 6-8: 1;
the dispensing is controlled by controlling the flow of the low viscosity CDP melt through vertical I and vertical II, while controlling the flow of the high viscosity CDP melt through the horizontal.
One of the purposes of the invention is to solve the problem that the mechanical property of the two-component composite fiber in the prior art can not meet the use requirement of the water-repellent canvas, and the method is realized by selecting proper raw materials and adjusting the parameters of the spinning process, and the mechanism is as follows:
the invention selects the high-viscosity CDP and the low-viscosity CDP with relatively high molecular weight (macroscopically embodied in larger intrinsic viscosity), designs two-way stretching and three-way shaping, and matches with corresponding process parameters to ensure that the fiber is fully stretched, thereby improving the crystallinity and the orientation degree of the fiber and improving the mechanical property of the fiber;
in addition, the invention reasonably sets the temperature of the high-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold, the low-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold and the component spinning manifold, and ensures that the apparent viscosity of the high-viscosity CDP component and the low-viscosity CDP component extruded from the spinneret orifices is closer, thereby ensuring the smooth running of spinning;
the invention aims to solve the problems of poor water-repellent canvas performance caused by small contact area and poor interface bonding of industrial yarns and a waterproof finishing agent in the process of preparing the water-repellent canvas in the prior art, and particularly realizes the twisting of fibers by reasonably designing the shape and the size of a spinneret orifice, wherein the mechanism is as follows:
in the spinning process of synthetic fibers, when the fibers are formed, the inside of the fibers can be oriented and crystallized, so that the fibers have internal stress, when external conditions are changed, such as heating or contact with water, the formed fibers can be deformed due to environmental changes, namely, the oriented parts or crystallized areas in the fibers can be changed relatively, the internal stress of the fibers is an additional interaction force for trying to restore the deformed fibers to the initial state, for different polymers, the orientation and the crystallization inside the fibers are different, and therefore, the internal stress generated by different polymers is different;
in the present invention, the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002347955670000031
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002347955670000032
the vertical lines I and the vertical lines II are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the transverse line, the widths of the vertical lines I and the vertical lines II are the same, the length of the vertical line I is smaller than that of the vertical line II, the lengths of the vertical line I and the vertical line II are larger than that of the transverse line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II are made of low-viscosity CDP materials, and the transverse line I and the vertical line II are made of high-viscosity CDP materials;
at the contact position of the vertical line I or the vertical line II and the horizontal line, two internal stresses in opposite directions exist simultaneously, the internal stress in one direction is originated from the high-viscosity CDP, the internal stress in the other direction is originated from the low-viscosity CDP, and the internal stresses in the two opposite directions are mutually offset to form the internal stress in a single direction;
because the lengths of the vertical line I and the vertical line II are larger than the width of the transverse line, and the internal stress of the CDP with low viscosity is larger than that of the CDP with high viscosity, the final direction of the internal stress points to the vertical line I at the position where the vertical line I is contacted with the transverse line, the final direction of the internal stress points to the vertical line II at the position where the vertical line II is contacted with the transverse line, and the final direction of the internal stress at the position where the vertical line I is contacted with the transverse line is opposite to that at the position where the vertical line II is contacted with the transverse line due to the fact that the vertical line I and the vertical line II are positioned at the opposite sides of the transverse line, and the final direction of the internal stress at the
Figure BDA0002347955670000033
The fiber has a self-twisting structure, so that the surface of the fiber in unit length is actively and greatly increased, the contact area of the fiber and a waterproof finishing agent is correspondingly increased, the interface bonding degree is improved, the performance of the water-repellent canvas is obviously improved, and the macroscopic performance is obviously improved in performance indexes such as peel strength;
in addition, because the widths of the vertical line I and the vertical line II are the same, and the length of the vertical line I is smaller than that of the vertical line II, the internal stress at the contact position of the vertical line I and the horizontal line is smaller than that at the contact position of the vertical line II and the horizontal line, and then the internal stress is matched
Figure BDA0002347955670000034
Dimensional parameters of the shape such that the twist angle per unit length of the fiber
Figure BDA0002347955670000035
The water repellent canvas reaches 75-158 degrees/10 mu m, and the performance of the water repellent canvas is favorably considered.
As a preferable scheme:
according to the preparation method of the water-repellent canvas, the mass ratio of the low-viscosity CDP melt to the high-viscosity CDP melt is 55: 45-65: 35.
According to the preparation method of the water-repellent canvas, the composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises the first distribution plate, the second distribution plate, the third distribution plate and the spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom;
the first distribution plate is provided with a flow passage A1 for low-viscosity CDP to flow through and a flow passage B1 for high-viscosity CDP to flow through;
the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2;
the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular;
the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides;
a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3;
the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002347955670000041
A groove is shaped, E corresponds to a transverse line, F corresponds to a vertical line I, G corresponds to a vertical line II, through holes in M3 are positioned at two ends of E, a through hole in O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and a through hole in I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E;
on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002347955670000042
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002347955670000043
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped.
The preparation method of the water-repellent canvas comprises the following spinning process flows: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding.
According to the preparation method of the water-repellent canvas, the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 90-120 ℃, and the time is 20-30 min.
In the method for preparing the water-repellent canvas, the self-twisted fibers have twisted forms and twist angles per unit length
Figure BDA0002347955670000044
75 to 158 DEG/10 μm of (
Figure BDA0002347955670000045
l is the length of a fiber section with the number of twisting turns of 1, and the unit is mum), the filament number is 2-3 dtex, the breaking strength is more than or equal to 7.5cN/dtex, the central value of the elongation at break is 10.5-12.8%, the central value of the elongation at 4.0cN/dtex load is 5.6-7.1%, and the dry heat shrinkage rate under the conditions of 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05cN/dtex is 5.6-7.3%.
The gram weight of the water-repellent canvas is 400-500 g/m2The peel strength is more than or equal to 10N/cm, the use temperature range is-30 to +60 ℃, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is more than or equal to 105KPa, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is the pressure value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to permeate under the action of continuously rising water pressure, the numerical value of the friction resistance times is more than or equal to 3000, and the numerical value of the friction resistance times is the friction times of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to change under the action of continuous friction.
Has the advantages that:
(1) according to the preparation method of the water-repellent canvas, the mechanical properties of the high-viscosity CDP/low-viscosity CDP two-component composite fiber are improved through the selection of raw materials and the adjustment of a spinning process, so that the water-repellent canvas can meet the use requirements;
(2) according to the preparation method of the water-repellent canvas, the shape and the size of the spinneret orifice are reasonably designed, so that the fibers are twisted, the contact area of the high-viscosity CDP/low-viscosity CDP two-component composite fibers and the waterproof finishing agent is increased, and the peeling strength of the water-repellent canvas is further increased;
(3) according to the preparation method of the water-repellent canvas, the temperatures of the high-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold, the low-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold and the component spinning manifold are reasonably set, so that the smooth spinning of the high-viscosity CDP/low-viscosity CDP two-component composite fiber is ensured;
(4) the preparation method of the water-repellent canvas has the advantages of simple process, low cost and wide application prospect;
(5) the water-repellent canvas prepared by the invention has excellent comprehensive performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic view of a composite spin pack assembly;
FIGS. 2-3 are schematic structural views of two side surfaces of a first distribution plate;
FIGS. 4 to 5 are schematic structural views of two side surfaces of the second distribution plate;
FIGS. 6 to 7 are schematic structural views of the surfaces of both sides of the third distribution plate;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the spinneret plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
A preparation method of water-repellent canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after low-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 0.71dL/g) and high-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.2dL/g) in a mass ratio of 55:45 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret holes on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
as shown in FIG. 8, the spinneret plate has orifices
Figure BDA0002347955670000051
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002347955670000052
the shape is composed of a transverse line, a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the transverse line; the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II have the same width; the ratio of the length of the vertical line I to the length of the vertical line II is 1:2.1, and the ratio of the length of the vertical line II to the length of the horizontal line is 4: 10; the ratio of the length to the width of the transverse lines is 6: 1;
the distribution means controlling the low-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a vertical line I and a vertical line II and simultaneously controlling the high-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a horizontal line;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body, and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom as shown in figures 1-7; the first distribution plate is provided with a flow passage A1 for low-viscosity CDP to flow through and a flow passage B1 for high-viscosity CDP to flow through; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002347955670000053
A groove is shaped, E corresponds to a transverse line, F corresponds to a vertical line I, G corresponds to a vertical line II, through holes in M3 are positioned at two ends of E, a through hole in O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and a through hole in I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002347955670000054
Shape spraying deviceGuide hole of screw hole and
Figure BDA0002347955670000055
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the cooling temperature is 20 ℃, the winding speed is 4450m/min, the first roller speed is 2100m/min, the first roller temperature is 79 ℃, the second roller speed is 3190m/min, the second roller temperature is 96 ℃, the third roller speed is 4550m/min, the third roller temperature is 245 ℃, the fourth roller speed is 4550m/min, the fourth roller temperature is 244 ℃, the fifth roller speed is 4450m/min, and the fifth roller temperature is 238 ℃;
the temperature of the high-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 294 ℃, the temperature of the low-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 281 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 290 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 115 ℃ and the time is 20 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002347955670000063
138 DEG/10 mu m, single filament fineness of 2dtex, breaking strength of 7.5cN/dtex, elongation at break center of 12.8%, elongation at 4.0cN/dtex load center of 7%, dry heat shrinkage rate at 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05cN/dtex of 5.6%;
(2) preparing water-repellent canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding a waterproof finishing agent and coating a waterproof coating to obtain water-repellent canvas;
the gram weight of the prepared water-repellent canvas is 400g/m2The peel strength is 10.9N/cm, the use temperature range is-30 to +60 ℃, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is 105KPa, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is the pressure value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to permeate under the action of continuously rising water pressure, the numerical value of the friction resistance times is 3030, and the numerical value of the friction resistance times is the friction times of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to change under the action of continuous friction.
Example 2
A preparation method of water-repellent canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after low-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 0.73dL/g) and high-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.23dL/g) in a mass ratio of 65:35 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret holes on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002347955670000061
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002347955670000062
the shape is composed of a transverse line, a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the transverse line; the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II have the same width; the ratio of the length of the vertical line I to the length of the vertical line II is 1:2.1, and the ratio of the length of the vertical line II to the length of the horizontal line is 5: 10; the ratio of the length to the width of the transverse lines is 8: 1;
the distribution means controlling the low-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a vertical line I and a vertical line II and simultaneously controlling the high-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a horizontal line;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a flow passage A1 for low-viscosity CDP to flow through and a flow passage B1 for high-viscosity CDP to flow through; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, and a plurality of distribution plates are arranged on the lower plate surfaceThe grooves E, F and G are in group straight line shape, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002347955670000071
A groove is shaped, E corresponds to a transverse line, F corresponds to a vertical line I, G corresponds to a vertical line II, through holes in M3 are positioned at two ends of E, a through hole in O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and a through hole in I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002347955670000072
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002347955670000073
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the cooling temperature is 21 ℃, the winding speed is 4470m/min, the speed of one roller is 2090m/min, the temperature of one roller is 81 ℃, the speed of two rollers is 3100m/min, the temperature of two rollers is 99 ℃, the speed of three rollers is 4570m/min, the temperature of three rollers is 238 ℃, the speed of four rollers is 4570m/min, the temperature of four rollers is 241 ℃, the speed of five rollers is 4470m/min, and the temperature of five rollers is 240 ℃;
the temperature of the high-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 295 ℃, the temperature of the low-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 282 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 287 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 94 ℃ and the time is 30 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002347955670000076
118 DEG/10 mu m, a single-filament fineness of 2dtex, a breaking strength of 7.54cN/dtex, a central value of elongation at break of 12.2%, a central value of elongation under a load of 4.0cN/dtex of 5.6%, and a dry heat shrinkage of 5.6% under the conditions of 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing water-repellent canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding a waterproof finishing agent and coating a waterproof coating to obtain water-repellent canvas;
the gram weight of the prepared water-repellent canvas is 402g/m2The peel strength is 10N/cm, the use temperature range is-30 to +60 ℃, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is 107KPa, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is the pressure value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to permeate under the action of continuously rising water pressure, the friction resistance number value is 3150, and the friction resistance number value is the friction number of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to change under the action of continuous friction.
Example 3
A preparation method of water-repellent canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after low-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 0.7dL/g) and high-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.1dL/g) in a mass ratio of 60:40 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret holes on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002347955670000074
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002347955670000075
the shape is composed of a transverse line, a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the transverse line; the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II have the same width; the ratio of the length of the vertical line I to the length of the vertical line II is 1:1.8, and the ratio of the length of the vertical line II to the length of the horizontal line is 4: 10; the ratio of the length to the width of the transverse lines is 6: 1;
the distribution means controlling the low-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a vertical line I and a vertical line II and simultaneously controlling the high-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a horizontal line;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a flow passage A1 for low-viscosity CDP to flow through and a flow passage B1 for high-viscosity CDP to flow through; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2 and a middle ring groove which are distributed in a concentric circle mannerM2 and inner race groove I2; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002347955670000081
A groove is shaped, E corresponds to a transverse line, F corresponds to a vertical line I, G corresponds to a vertical line II, through holes in M3 are positioned at two ends of E, a through hole in O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and a through hole in I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002347955670000082
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002347955670000083
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the cooling temperature is 20 ℃, the winding speed is 4400m/min, the one-roll speed is 2000m/min, the one-roll temperature is 75 ℃, the two-roll speed is 3100m/min, the two-roll temperature is 90 ℃, the three-roll speed is 4500m/min, the three-roll temperature is 235 ℃, the four-roll speed is 4500m/min, the four-roll temperature is 235 ℃, the five-roll speed is 4400m/min, and the five-roll temperature is 235 ℃;
the temperature of the high-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 290 ℃, the temperature of the low-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 280 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 285 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 90 ℃ and the time is 30 min;
the prepared self-twisted fiber has a twisted shape,torsion angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002347955670000084
75 DEG/10 mu m, a single-filament fineness of 2.1dtex, a breaking strength of 7.67cN/dtex, a central value of elongation at break of 11.6%, a central value of elongation under a load of 4.0cN/dtex of 5.6%, and a dry heat shrinkage rate of 5.8% under the conditions of 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing water-repellent canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding a waterproof finishing agent and coating a waterproof coating to obtain water-repellent canvas;
the gram weight of the prepared water-repellent canvas is 417g/m2The peel strength is 10N/cm, the use temperature range is-30 to +60 ℃, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is 112KPa, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is the pressure value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to permeate under the action of continuously rising water pressure, the numerical value of the friction resistance times is 3000, and the numerical value of the friction resistance times is the friction times of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to change under the action of continuous friction.
Example 4
A preparation method of water-repellent canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after low-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 0.71dL/g) and high-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.23dL/g) in a mass ratio of 65:35 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret holes on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002347955670000091
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002347955670000092
the shape is composed of a transverse line, a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the transverse line; the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II have the same width; the ratio of the length of the vertical line I to the length of the vertical line II is 1:2.3, and the ratio of the length of the vertical line II to the length of the horizontal line is 4: 10; the ratio of the length to the width of the transverse lines is8:1；
The distribution means controlling the low-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a vertical line I and a vertical line II and simultaneously controlling the high-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a horizontal line;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a flow passage A1 for low-viscosity CDP to flow through and a flow passage B1 for high-viscosity CDP to flow through; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002347955670000093
A groove is shaped, E corresponds to a transverse line, F corresponds to a vertical line I, G corresponds to a vertical line II, through holes in M3 are positioned at two ends of E, a through hole in O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and a through hole in I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002347955670000094
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002347955670000095
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the cooling temperature is 20 ℃, the winding speed is 4520m/min, the first roller speed is 2030m/min, the first roller temperature is 78 ℃, the second roller speed is 3170m/min, the second roller temperature is 91 ℃, the third roller speed is 4620m/min, the third roller temperature is 238 ℃, the fourth roller speed is 4620m/min, the fourth roller temperature is 238 ℃, the fifth roller speed is 4520m/min, and the fifth roller temperature is 236 ℃;
the temperature of the high-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 295 ℃, the temperature of the low-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 281 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 288 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 109 ℃, and the time is 27 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002347955670000096
85 DEG/10 mu m, single filament fineness of 2.2dtex, breaking strength of 7.71cN/dtex, elongation at break center of 11.5%, elongation at 4.0cN/dtex load center of 5.7%, dry heat shrinkage rate at 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05cN/dtex of 6%;
(2) preparing water-repellent canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding a waterproof finishing agent and coating a waterproof coating to obtain water-repellent canvas;
the gram weight of the prepared water-repellent canvas is 434g/m2The peel strength is 10.5N/cm, the use temperature range is-30 to +60 ℃, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is 116KPa, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is the pressure value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to permeate under the action of continuously rising water pressure, the friction resistance number value is 3090, and the friction resistance number value is the friction number of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to change under the action of continuous friction.
Example 5
A preparation method of water-repellent canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after low-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 0.71dL/g) and high-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.19dL/g) in a mass ratio of 60:40 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret holes on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002347955670000101
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002347955670000102
the shape is composed of a transverse line, a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the transverse line; the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II have the same width; the ratio of the length of the vertical line I to the length of the vertical line II is 1:2.2, and the ratio of the length of the vertical line II to the length of the horizontal line is 6: 10; the ratio of the length to the width of the transverse lines is 7: 1;
the distribution means controlling the low-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a vertical line I and a vertical line II and simultaneously controlling the high-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a horizontal line;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a flow passage A1 for low-viscosity CDP to flow through and a flow passage B1 for high-viscosity CDP to flow through; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002347955670000103
A groove is shaped, E corresponds to a transverse line, F corresponds to a vertical line I, G corresponds to a vertical line II, through holes in M3 are positioned at two ends of E, a through hole in O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and a through hole in I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002347955670000104
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002347955670000105
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the cooling temperature is 24 ℃, the winding speed is 4570m/min, the first roller speed is 2030m/min, the first roller temperature is 79 ℃, the second roller speed is 3180m/min, the second roller temperature is 95 ℃, the third roller speed is 4670m/min, the third roller temperature is 242 ℃, the fourth roller speed is 4670m/min, the fourth roller temperature is 238 ℃, the fifth roller speed is 4570m/min, and the fifth roller temperature is 245 ℃;
the temperature of the high-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 292 ℃, the temperature of the low-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 282 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 285 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 100 ℃, and the time is 30 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002347955670000106
133 DEG/10 mu m, single fiber fineness of 2.3dtex, breaking strength of 8.24cN/dtex, elongation at break center of 10.5%, elongation at 4.0cN/dtex load center of 7%, dry heat shrinkage of 6.4% at 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing water-repellent canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding a waterproof finishing agent and coating a waterproof coating to obtain water-repellent canvas;
the gram weight of the prepared water-repellent canvas is 435g/m2The peel strength is 10.2N/cm, the use temperature range is-30 to +60 ℃, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is 108KPa, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is the pressure value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to permeate under the action of continuously rising water pressure, the friction resistance value is 3050, and the friction resistance value is the friction value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to change under the action of continuous frictionThe number of times.
Example 6
A preparation method of water-repellent canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after low-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 0.75dL/g) and high-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.23dL/g) in a mass ratio of 55:45 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret holes on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002347955670000111
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002347955670000112
the shape is composed of a transverse line, a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the transverse line; the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II have the same width; the ratio of the length of the vertical line I to the length of the vertical line II is 1:2.3, and the ratio of the length of the vertical line II to the length of the horizontal line is 6: 10; the ratio of the length to the width of the transverse lines is 8: 1;
the distribution means controlling the low-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a vertical line I and a vertical line II and simultaneously controlling the high-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a horizontal line;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a flow passage A1 for low-viscosity CDP to flow through and a flow passage B1 for high-viscosity CDP to flow through; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; third distribution plate and spinneret plateThe surface of the joint is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002347955670000113
A groove is shaped, E corresponds to a transverse line, F corresponds to a vertical line I, G corresponds to a vertical line II, through holes in M3 are positioned at two ends of E, a through hole in O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and a through hole in I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002347955670000114
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002347955670000115
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the cooling temperature is 25 ℃, the winding speed is 4600m/min, the first roller speed is 2100m/min, the first roller temperature is 85 ℃, the second roller speed is 3200m/min, the second roller temperature is 100 ℃, the third roller speed is 4700m/min, the third roller temperature is 245 ℃, the fourth roller speed is 4700m/min, the fourth roller temperature is 245 ℃, the fifth roller speed is 4600m/min, and the fifth roller temperature is 245 ℃;
the temperature of the high-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 295 ℃, the temperature of the low-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 285 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 290 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 120 ℃, and the time is 20 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002347955670000126
158 DEG/10 mu m, single-filament fineness of 2.6dtex, breaking strength of 7.83cN/dtex, elongation at break center of 11.2%, elongation at 4.0cN/dtex load center of 7.1%, and dry heat shrinkage rate of 6.4% at 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing water-repellent canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding a waterproof finishing agent and coating a waterproof coating to obtain water-repellent canvas;
the gram weight of the prepared water-repellent canvas is 470g/m2The peel strength is 10.9N/cm, the use temperature range is-30 to +60 ℃, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is 123KPa, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is the pressure value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to permeate under the action of continuously rising water pressure, the numerical value of the friction resistance times is 3300, and the numerical value of the friction resistance times is the friction times of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to change under the action of continuous friction.
Example 7
A preparation method of water-repellent canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after low-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 0.74dL/g) and high-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.14dL/g) in a mass ratio of 65:35 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret holes on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002347955670000121
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002347955670000122
the shape is composed of a transverse line, a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the transverse line; the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II have the same width; the ratio of the length of the vertical line I to the length of the vertical line II is 1:1.9, and the ratio of the length of the vertical line II to the length of the horizontal line is 6: 10; the ratio of the length to the width of the transverse lines is 6: 1;
the distribution means controlling the low-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a vertical line I and a vertical line II and simultaneously controlling the high-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a horizontal line;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a flow passage A1 for low-viscosity CDP to flow through and a flow passage B1 for high-viscosity CDP to flow through; second distributionThe plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002347955670000123
A groove is shaped, E corresponds to a transverse line, F corresponds to a vertical line I, G corresponds to a vertical line II, through holes in M3 are positioned at two ends of E, a through hole in O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and a through hole in I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002347955670000124
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002347955670000125
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: cooling temperature is 25 ℃, winding speed is 4580m/min, one-roll speed is 2060m/min, one-roll temperature is 82 ℃, two-roll speed is 3170m/min, two-roll temperature is 91 ℃, three-roll speed is 4680m/min, three-roll temperature is 244 ℃, four-roll speed is 4680m/min, four-roll temperature is 244 ℃, five-roll speed is 4580m/min, and five-roll temperature is 235 ℃;
the temperature of the high-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 291 ℃, the temperature of the low-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 283 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 289 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 115 ℃, and the time is 21 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002347955670000133
120 DEG/10 mu m, a single-filament fineness of 2.6dtex, a breaking strength of 7.88cN/dtex, a central value of elongation at break of 11%, a central value of elongation under a load of 4.0cN/dtex of 6.1%, and a dry heat shrinkage rate of 6.4% under the conditions of 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing water-repellent canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding a waterproof finishing agent and coating a waterproof coating to obtain water-repellent canvas;
the gram weight of the prepared water-repellent canvas is 497g/m2The peel strength is 10N/cm, the use temperature range is-30 to +60 ℃, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is 120KPa, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is the pressure value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to permeate under the action of continuously rising water pressure, the numerical value of the friction resistance times is 3300, and the numerical value of the friction resistance times is the friction times of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to change under the action of continuous friction.
Example 8
A preparation method of water-repellent canvas comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing self-twisted fibers:
according to the spinning process, after low-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 0.71dL/g) and high-viscosity CDP melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.13dL/g) in a mass ratio of 60:40 are distributed, industrial yarns are extruded from spinneret holes on the same spinneret plate, and then relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure BDA0002347955670000131
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure BDA0002347955670000132
the shape is composed of a transverse line, a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the transverse line; the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II have the same width; the ratio of the length of the vertical line I to the length of the vertical line II is 1:1.9, the length of the vertical line II toThe ratio of the lengths of the transverse lines is 4: 10; the ratio of the length to the width of the transverse lines is 8: 1;
the distribution means controlling the low-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a vertical line I and a vertical line II and simultaneously controlling the high-viscosity CDP melt to flow through a horizontal line;
a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box body and comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are tightly attached from top to bottom; the first distribution plate is provided with a flow passage A1 for low-viscosity CDP to flow through and a flow passage B1 for high-viscosity CDP to flow through; the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2; the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular; the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides; a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3; the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure BDA0002347955670000141
A groove is shaped, E corresponds to a transverse line, F corresponds to a vertical line I, G corresponds to a vertical line II, through holes in M3 are positioned at two ends of E, a through hole in O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and a through hole in I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E; on the spinneret plate
Figure BDA0002347955670000142
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure BDA0002347955670000143
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped;
the spinning process flow comprises the following steps: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the cooling temperature is 20 ℃, the winding speed is 4570m/min, the first roller speed is 2000m/min, the first roller temperature is 76 ℃, the second roller speed is 3200m/min, the second roller temperature is 91 ℃, the third roller speed is 4670m/min, the third roller temperature is 245 ℃, the fourth roller speed is 4670m/min, the fourth roller temperature is 242 ℃, the fifth roller speed is 4570m/min and the fifth roller temperature is 242 ℃;
the temperature of the high-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 290 ℃, the temperature of the low-viscosity CDP melt spinning manifold is 281 ℃, and the temperature of the component spinning manifold is 285 ℃;
the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 108 ℃, and the time is 29 min;
the obtained self-twisted fiber has twisted form and twist angle per unit length
Figure BDA0002347955670000144
145 °/10 μm, single fiber fineness of 3dtex, breaking strength of 8.25cN/dtex, elongation at break center of 10.5%, elongation at 4.0cN/dtex load center of 6%, and dry heat shrinkage rate of 7.3% at 177 ℃, 10min and 0.05 cN/dtex;
(2) preparing water-repellent canvas:
weaving the self-twisted fibers into cloth, padding a waterproof finishing agent and coating a waterproof coating to obtain water-repellent canvas;
the gram weight of the prepared water-repellent canvas is 500g/m2The peel strength is 11N/cm, the use temperature range is-30 to +60 ℃, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is 111KPa, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is the pressure value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to permeate under the action of continuously rising water pressure, the friction resistance number value is 3180, and the friction resistance number value is the friction number of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to change under the action of continuous friction.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of water-repellent canvas is characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the spinning process, after low-viscosity CDP melt and high-viscosity CDP melt are distributed, industrial yarns are prepared by extrusion from spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate, relaxation heat treatment is carried out to obtain self-twisted fibers, then the self-twisted fibers are woven into cloth and then are padded with a waterproof finishing agent and coated with a waterproof coating to prepare water-repellent canvas;
the parameters of the spinning process are as follows: the cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃, the winding speed is 4500-4700 m/min, the first roller speed is 2000-2100 m/min, the first roller temperature is 80 +/-5 ℃, the two roller speed is 3100-3200 m/min, the two roller temperature is 90-100 ℃, the three roller speed is 4500-4700 m/min, the three roller temperature is 235-245 ℃, the four roller speed is 4500-4700 m/min, the four roller temperature is 235-245 ℃, the five roller speed is 4400-4600 m/min, and the five roller temperature is 235-245 ℃;
the intrinsic viscosity of the high-viscosity CDP melt is 1.10-1.23 dL/g, the temperature of a high-viscosity CDP melt spinning box body is 290-295 ℃, the intrinsic viscosity of the low-viscosity CDP melt is 0.70-0.75 dL/g, the temperature of a low-viscosity CDP melt spinning box body is 280-285 ℃, and the temperature of an assembly spinning box body is 285-290 ℃;
the spinneret orifice is
Figure FDA0002347955660000011
The shape of the spinneret orifice is formed,
Figure FDA0002347955660000012
the shape is composed of a transverse line, a vertical line I and a vertical line II which are vertically connected with the transverse line;
the horizontal line, the vertical line I and the vertical line II have the same width; the length ratio of the vertical line I to the vertical line II is 1: 1.8-2.3, and the length ratio of the vertical line II to the horizontal line is 4-6: 10; the ratio of the length to the width of the transverse line is 6-8: 1;
the dispensing is controlled by controlling the flow of the low viscosity CDP melt through vertical I and vertical II, while controlling the flow of the high viscosity CDP melt through the horizontal.
2. The preparation method of the water-repellent canvas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the low-viscosity CDP melt to the high-viscosity CDP melt is 55: 45-65: 35.
3. The method for preparing the water-repellent canvas as claimed in claim 2, wherein a composite spinning assembly is arranged in the assembly spinning box, and the composite spinning assembly comprises a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate, a third distribution plate and a spinneret plate which are closely attached from top to bottom;
the first distribution plate is provided with a flow passage A1 for low-viscosity CDP to flow through and a flow passage B1 for high-viscosity CDP to flow through;
the second distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O2, a middle ring groove M2 and an inner ring groove I2 which are distributed in concentric circles; o2 and I2 are circular grooves which are communicated with each other; m2 is a C-shaped groove and is not communicated with O2 and I2;
the third distribution plate is provided with an outer ring groove O3, a middle ring groove M3 and an inner ring groove I3 which are distributed in concentric circles, are not communicated with each other and are circular;
the orthographic projection of O2 and O3 completely coincides, the orthographic projection of M2 and M3 completely coincides, and the orthographic projection of I2 and I3 completely coincides;
a1 is in communication with O2 and I2, B1 is in communication with M2; a plurality of through holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the O2, the M2, the O3, the M3, the I2 and the I3;
the surface of the third distribution plate, which is attached to the spinneret plate, is a lower plate surface, a plurality of groups of linear grooves E, grooves F and grooves G are arranged on the lower plate surface, and each group E, F, G is connected into a whole
Figure FDA0002347955660000021
A groove is shaped, E corresponds to a transverse line, F corresponds to a vertical line I, G corresponds to a vertical line II, through holes in M3 are positioned at two ends of E, a through hole in O3 is positioned at one end of F far away from E, and a through hole in I3 is positioned at one end of G far away from E;
on the spinneret plate
Figure FDA0002347955660000022
Guide hole of spinneret orifice and
Figure FDA0002347955660000023
the shape grooves are communicated, and the orthographic projections are completely overlapped.
4. The preparation method of the water-repellent canvas as claimed in claim 3, wherein the spinning process flow is: melting → metering → extrusion → cooling → oiling → stretching → heat setting → winding.
5. The method for preparing water-repellent canvas according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 99 to 129 ℃ and the time is 29 to 39 min.
6. The method for preparing a water-repellent canvas as claimed in claim 5, wherein the self-twisting fibers have a twisted form, a twist angle phi per unit length of 75 to 158 °/19 μm, a single fiber fineness of 2 to 3dtex, a breaking strength of 7.5cN/dtex or more, a central value of elongation at break of 19.5 to 12.8%, a central value of elongation at 4.9cN/dtex load of 5.6 to 7.1%, and a dry heat shrinkage rate of 5.6 to 7.3% under 177 ℃, 19min and 9.95cN/dtex conditions.
7. The method for preparing water-repellent canvas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water-repellent canvas has a grammage of 499-599 g/m2The peel strength is more than or equal to 19N/cm, the use temperature range is-39 ℃ to +69 ℃, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is more than or equal to 195KPa, the hydrostatic pressure resistance value is the pressure value of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to permeate under the action of continuously rising water pressure, the friction resistance number value is more than or equal to 3999, and the friction resistance number value is the friction number of the water-repellent canvas just beginning to change under the action of continuous friction.
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