CN111041330A - Non-infiltration type ceramic particle reinforced steel-iron based composite material with reaction type interface transition region and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Non-infiltration type ceramic particle reinforced steel-iron based composite material with reaction type interface transition region and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 33
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni].[Mo] OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009716 squeeze casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a non-infiltration type ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material with a reaction type interface transition area, belonging to the technical field of metal-based composite materials. Firstly, uniformly mixing high-activity micro powder with a binder, then wrapping the mixture on the surface of ceramic particles with poor wettability with steel through physical adsorption, and preparing the ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material through an extrusion casting method. An interface transition area with the thickness of 10-40 mu m exists between the ceramic particles and the steel matrix in the composite material prepared by the method, so that the interface bonding type between the non-infiltrated ceramic particles and the steel matrix is changed from mechanical bonding to metallurgical bonding, and the interface bonding strength of the composite material reaches 132 MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a non-infiltration type ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material with a reaction type interface transition area and an extrusion casting preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of metal-based composite materials.
Background
The ceramic particle reinforced steel-iron-based composite material has become the focus of attention in the scientific research and industrialization fields at home and abroad at present due to the high hardness and high wear resistance of ceramic materials and the high strength, good plasticity and toughness of metals. The ceramic particles (such as alumina, zirconia toughened alumina, alumina reinforced zirconia and the like) with poor steel wettability have the advantages of high strength, good wear resistance, low cost and the like, and the steel-based composite material prepared by the particles has excellent wear resistance and is a research hotspot in the field of the current wear-resistant materials. At present, related products in foreign countries have industrial application, and enter the Chinese market to form monopoly. However, in domestic and foreign research on non-wetting ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite materials, for example, metal is plated on the surface of particles to improve wettability, interface bonding modes between ceramic particles and a steel matrix are all mechanical bonding, bonding strength is low, and mechanical properties of the composite material are poor, so that reliability and wear resistance of the composite material in a wear-resistant service process are reduced rapidly. The technical bottleneck needs to be broken through urgently, the wear resistance of the material is improved, and the service life of equipment is prolonged. The pretreatment of the surface of the ceramic particles to improve the wettability with the steel melt undoubtedly provides a new way to achieve the goal. According to the interface wetting theory, when solid-liquid two phases are contacted, elements participating in the reaction are firstly enriched and adsorbed on an interface, when the adsorption quantity exceeds the critical concentration of the interface where the elements are positioned, the interface reaction occurs, and a reaction product forms nuclei on the solid/liquid interface and is separated out. However, elements in the existing non-wetting ceramic particles are not easy to be enriched at the interface of the ceramic particles/steel melt, and are one of the factors causing insufficient wettability, so that the bonding strength between the ceramic particles and the steel melt is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a non-infiltration type ceramic particle reinforced steel-iron-based composite material with a reaction type interface transition area and a squeeze casting preparation method thereof. The composite material prepared by the method has high interface bonding strength, low cost, simple process, high production efficiency and obviously improved wear resistance.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
Firstly, performing surface pretreatment on ceramic particles which are not infiltrated into a steel melt to obtain particles with a core-shell structure; wherein the surface pretreatment is: uniformly mixing the high-activity micro powder with a binder, and then wrapping the mixture on the surface of the ceramic particles according to a certain proportion through physical adsorption;
the ceramic particles non-wetting with the steel melt comprise aluminum oxide (Al)2O3) Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA), alumina reinforced zirconia (ATZ), zirconia (ZrO)2) One or more of the components are mixed in any proportion;
the high-activity micro powder is aluminum oxide (Al)2O3) Boron carbide (B)4C) Silicon carbide (SiC), titanium oxide (TiO)2) One or a mixture of more of the above components in any proportion, the particle size is 100 nm-800 nm;
the binder is any one of water glass, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and silica sol;
the mass ratio of the high-activity micro powder to the binder is 0.5-3.0;
the mass ratio of the mixture to the ceramic particles is 0.04-0.3;
the physical adsorption can be realized by methods such as mechanical stirring, ball milling and the like;
putting ceramic particles with a core-shell structure into a cavity, pouring molten steel into the cavity, and extruding to obtain the non-infiltration type ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material with the reaction type interface transition region, wherein the interface bonding form is metallurgical bonding;
the specific steps of smelting steel are as follows:
(1) preheating scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferronickel, foundry returns and electrolytic copper to 300-400 ℃, and preserving heat for more than 2 hours;
(2) smelting molten iron: putting scrap steel and pig iron into a smelting furnace, and heating to 1500-1580 ℃ to obtain molten iron;
(3) adding Cr, Mn, Si, Ni, Mn and Cu: adding ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferrosilicon, ferronickel, foundry returns, electrolytic copper and carburant into the molten iron obtained in the step (2) at 1520-1550 ℃ for smelting to obtain alloy liquid;
(4) adding a deoxidizer into the alloy liquid at 1500-1520 ℃, and reacting for 3-6 minutes;
(5) standing for 3-5 minutes at 1550-1580 ℃, and discharging the alloy liquid out of the furnace to a casting ladle.
The alloy liquid is any one of high-chromium cast iron, high-manganese steel and alloy steel;
the carburant and the deoxidizer are all commercial products;
the width of the reaction type interface transition region is 10-40 mu m;
the second step specifically comprises the following operations: and pouring the alloy liquid in the casting ladle into a metal mold preheated to 400-600 ℃, and maintaining the pressure for 0.5-5 minutes at the pressure of 20-110 MPa.
A non-wetting ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material with a reaction type interface transition area, which is prepared by any one of the methods.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the non-infiltration type ceramic particle reinforced steel-iron-based composite material prepared by the method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that micro powder and a binder which are easy to react with steel melt and ceramic particles are coated on the surfaces of the ceramic particles, a reaction type interface transition region with the width of 10-40 mu m is generated by reaction at high temperature, the interface bonding strength between the ceramic particles and steel is improved from 10MPa to 132MPa, and the interface bonding form is also changed from mechanical bonding to metallurgical bonding.
(2) The reaction type interface transition area can effectively release stress, solves the problem that cracks are easy to generate due to the fact that the expansion coefficients of the matrix and the ceramic particles are too different, and enables the structure and the performance of the composite material interface to have good transition.
(3) The composite material prepared by the invention has the advantages of low cost, simple process and high production efficiency, and can obviously prolong the service life of the wear-resistant part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a macroscopic view of ZTA ceramic particles after surface pretreatment in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of the interface of a ZTA/high chromium cast iron-based composite material prepared by squeeze casting after surface pretreatment of ZTA ceramic particles in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a ZTA ceramic particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron-based composite material with a reaction type interface transition region and an extrusion casting preparation method thereof, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, adding TiO with the particle size of 100nm2Mixing the micropowder with sodium silicate as binder, wherein the TiO is2The mass ratio of the micro powder to the water glass is 0.5;
step 2, uniformly coating the mixture obtained in the step 1 on the surfaces of ZTA ceramic particles in a mechanical stirring manner, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the ZTA ceramic is 0.3;
step 3, putting the ZTA ceramic particles subjected to surface pretreatment into a cavity;
and 4, smelting to obtain Cr26 high-chromium cast iron, wherein the smelting comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preheating scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferronickel, foundry returns and electrolytic copper to 300 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours;
(2) putting scrap steel and pig iron into a smelting furnace, and heating to 1580 ℃ to obtain molten iron;
(3) adding ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferronickel, scrap returns, electrolytic copper and carburant into the molten iron obtained in the step (2) at 1550 ℃ for smelting to obtain alloy liquid;
(4) adding a deoxidizer into the alloy liquid at 1500 ℃, and reacting for 3 minutes;
(5) standing for 5 minutes at 1580 ℃, and discharging the alloy liquid into a casting ladle.
And 5, pouring the Cr26 high-chromium cast iron obtained in the step 4 into a metal mold preheated to 500 ℃, and maintaining the pressure for 3 minutes under the pressure of 60MPa to obtain the ZTA ceramic particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron composite material with the reactive interface transition region, wherein the width of the reactive interface transition region is 20 microns.
The macro morphology of the pretreated ZTA ceramic particles obtained in this example is shown in fig. 1, and the SEM photograph of the interface of the ZTA/high-chromium cast iron-based composite material prepared after the surface pretreatment of the ZTA ceramic particles is shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the ZTA ceramic particles are uniformly coated with TiO2Mixture of micropowder and water glass. The width of the reaction type interface transition zone of the prepared composite material is 20 mu m, and the interface strength test is carried out on the composite material, and the result shows that the strength of the composite material is up to 132 MPa.
Example 2
This example relates to an Al with a reactive interface transition region2O3The ZTA ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel-based composite material and the extrusion casting preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
step 1, adding Al with the particle size of 800nm2O3、B4Mixing the C micropowder with aluminum dihydrogen phosphate as binder, wherein Al is2O3And B4The proportion of C is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the C to the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 3.0;
step 2, uniformly coating the mixture obtained in the step 1 on Al in a ball milling mode2O3And surfaces of ZTA ceramic particles, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the ceramic particles is 0.04;
step 3, pretreating the surface of the Al2O3And ZTA ceramic particles are placed into the cavity;
and 4, smelting to obtain Mn13 high manganese steel, wherein the smelting comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preheating scrap steel, pig iron, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and foundry returns to 400 ℃, and preserving heat for 2.5 hours;
(2) putting scrap steel and pig iron into a smelting furnace, and heating to 1500 ℃ to obtain molten iron;
(3) adding ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, foundry returns and carburant into the molten iron obtained in the step (2) at 1520 ℃ for smelting to obtain alloy liquid;
(4) adding a deoxidizer into the alloy liquid at 1520 ℃, and reacting for 6 minutes;
(5) standing at 1550 deg.C for 3 min, and discharging the alloy liquid into casting ladle.
Step 5, pouring the Mn13 high manganese steel obtained in the step 4 into a metal die preheated to 400 ℃, and maintaining the pressure for 0.5 minute under the pressure of 20MPa to obtain Al with a reaction type interface transition region2O3The ZTA ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel composite material has a width of a reaction type interface transition zone of 10 mu m.
Example 3
This example relates to an Al with a reactive interface transition region2O3The ZTA and ATZ ceramic particle reinforced alloy steel-based composite material and the extrusion casting preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
step 1, adding Al with the particle size of 500nm2O3、B4C. Mixing SiC micropowder with adhesive silica sol, wherein Al2O3、B4C. The ratio of SiC to silica sol is 2:1:1, and the mass ratio of the SiC to the silica sol is 1.0;
step 2, uniformly coating the mixture obtained in the step 1 on Al in a ball milling mode2O3ZTA and ATZ ceramic particle surfaces, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the ceramic particles is 0.1;
step 3, pretreating the surface of the Al2O3ZTA and ATZ ceramic particles are placed in the cavity;
and 4, smelting to obtain the low-carbon nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel, wherein the smelting step comprises the following steps:
(1) preheating scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferronickel and foundry returns to 350 ℃, and preserving heat for 3.5 hours;
(2) putting scrap steel and pig iron into a smelting furnace, and heating to 1550 ℃ to obtain molten iron;
(3) adding ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferronickel and a scrap returns into the molten iron obtained in the step (2) at 1530 ℃ for smelting to obtain an alloy liquid;
(4) adding a deoxidizer into the alloy liquid at 1510 ℃, and reacting for 5 minutes;
(5) standing for 4 minutes at 1560 ℃, and discharging the alloy liquid into a casting ladle.
Step 5, pouring the low-carbon nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel obtained in the step 4 into a metal die preheated to 600 ℃, and maintaining the pressure for 5 minutes under the pressure of 110MPa to obtain Al with a reaction type interface transition region2O3The width of the reaction type interface transition zone is 40 mu m.
Example 4
This example relates to an Al with a reactive interface transition region2O3、ZTA、ATZ、ZrO2The ceramic particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron-based composite material and the extrusion casting preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
step 1, adding Al with the particle size of 300nm2O3、B4C、SiC、TiO2Mixing the micro powder with water glass as adhesive2O3、B4C、SiC、TiO2The ratio of the water glass to the water glass is 1:2:1:1, and the mass ratio of the water glass to the water glass is 2.0;
step 2, uniformly coating the mixture obtained in the step 1 on Al in a mechanical stirring manner2O3、ZTA、ATZ、ZrO2The surface of the ceramic particles, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the ZTA ceramic is 0.2;
step 3, pretreating the surface of the Al2O3、ZTA、ATZ、ZrO2Placing ceramic particles into the cavity;
and 4, smelting to obtain Cr20 high-chromium cast iron, wherein the smelting comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preheating scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferronickel, foundry returns and electrolytic copper to 300 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours;
(2) putting scrap steel and pig iron into a smelting furnace, and heating to 1580 ℃ to obtain molten iron;
(3) adding ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferronickel, scrap returns, electrolytic copper and carburant into the molten iron obtained in the step (2) at 1550 ℃ for smelting to obtain alloy liquid;
(4) adding a deoxidizer into the alloy liquid at 1520 ℃, and reacting for 4 minutes;
(5) standing at 1570 ℃ for 5 minutes, and discharging the alloy liquid into a casting ladle.
Step 5, pouring the Cr20 high-chromium cast iron obtained in the step 4 into a metal die preheated to 500 ℃, and maintaining the pressure for 2 minutes under the pressure of 40MPa to obtain Al with a reaction type interface transition region2O3、ZTA、ATZ、ZrO2The width of the reaction type interface transition zone of the ceramic particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron composite material is 30 mu m.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a non-infiltration type ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material with a reaction type interface transition area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, performing surface pretreatment on ceramic particles which are not infiltrated into a steel melt to obtain particles with a core-shell structure; wherein the surface pretreatment is: uniformly mixing the high-activity micro powder with a binder, and then wrapping the mixture on the surface of the ceramic particles according to a certain proportion through physical adsorption;
putting ceramic particles with a core-shell structure into a cavity, pouring molten steel into the cavity, and extruding to obtain the non-infiltration type ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material with the reaction type interface transition region, wherein the interface bonding form is metallurgical bonding; wherein the width of the reaction type interface transition zone is 10-40 μm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step one, the steel melt is non-infiltratedCeramic particles of (2), comprising alumina (Al)2O3) Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA), alumina reinforced zirconia (ATZ), zirconia (ZrO)2) One or more of the components are mixed in any proportion; the high-activity micro powder is aluminum oxide (Al)2O3) Boron carbide (B)4C) Silicon carbide (SiC), titanium oxide (TiO)2) One or a mixture of more of the above components in any proportion, the particle size is 100 nm-800 nm; the binder is any one of water glass, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and silica sol;
in the second step, the steel smelting comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preheating scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferronickel, foundry returns and electrolytic copper to 300-400 ℃, and preserving heat for more than 2 hours;
(2) smelting molten iron: putting scrap steel and pig iron into a smelting furnace, and heating to 1500-1580 ℃ to obtain molten iron;
(3) adding Cr, Mn, Si, Ni, Mn and Cu: adding ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferrosilicon, ferronickel, foundry returns, electrolytic copper and carburant into the molten iron obtained in the step (2) at 1520-1550 ℃ for smelting to obtain alloy liquid;
(4) adding a deoxidizer into the alloy liquid at 1500-1520 ℃, and reacting for 3-6 minutes;
(5) standing for 3-5 minutes at 1550-1580 ℃, and discharging the alloy liquid out of the furnace to a casting ladle.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the high-activity micro powder to the binder is 0.5-3.0.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the mixture to the ceramic particles is 0.04-0.3.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the physical adsorption is realized by a mechanical stirring and ball milling method.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the recarburizing agent and the deoxidizing agent are all commercial products.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: and in the second step, the alloy liquid in the casting ladle is poured into a metal mold preheated to 400-600 ℃, and the pressure is maintained for 0.5-5 minutes at the pressure of 20-110 MPa.
8. A non-infiltrated ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite having a reactive interfacial transition zone, produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN114921708A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-08-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of authigenic ZTA ceramic reinforced iron-based composite material |
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