CN101422814A - Preparation method of local composite abrasion resistance material - Google Patents
Preparation method of local composite abrasion resistance material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101422814A CN101422814A CNA200810232312XA CN200810232312A CN101422814A CN 101422814 A CN101422814 A CN 101422814A CN A200810232312X A CNA200810232312X A CN A200810232312XA CN 200810232312 A CN200810232312 A CN 200810232312A CN 101422814 A CN101422814 A CN 101422814A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing partially composite wear resistant material. The partially composite wear resistant material prepared by the method consists of a wear resistant layer of high alloyed material, a metallurgy transition layer, and a base metal layer. The preparing method uses high alloyed powder core tube wire which is cut, coiled or superposed into similar structure according to the shape of the working surface of a work piece; the prepared high alloyed powder core tube wire is embedded in the die cavity of a sand mold according to the casting technology molding; the base metal material is smelted in an electric furnace and cast in the sand mold when reaching the casting temperature, and then cooled and solidified at room temperature; and after sand removing, the composite material consisting of a high alloyed wear resistant layer, a metallurgy transition layer, and a base metal layer is obtained. The preparation technology is highly controllable, with simple and convenient operation, and the high alloyed wear resistant material and the base metal form good metallurgy combination with high comprehensive performance, thus being widely applied in the wear resistant fields such as mine, electrical power, metallurgy, coal and building materials and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the metal-base composites technical field, specially refer to a kind of preparation method of local composite abrasion resistance material.
Background technology
In modern industry was produced, a lot of important plant equipment and parts thereof were in abominable working conditions such as high speed, high temperature, high pressure, heavy duty, and the requirement of material property is improved constantly, and the performance of homogenous material is difficult to satisfy instructions for use.Utilize surface engineering technology metal material surface generate one deck excellent performance and with the firm composite of matrix bond, metal material toughness, characteristics that plasticity is good had both been kept, can bring into play the good characteristics of reinforcing material wearability again, both satisfied under bad working environments performance requirement to material, reduce cost again, had good application prospects.
At present, metal-base composites has become the key areas of various countries' research in new high-tech exploitation, and the preparation method mainly contains powder metallurgy, hot extrusion, infiltration, stirring casting, thermal spraying, original position generation etc.Powder metallurgy is by powder compaction or injection moulding, carries out sintering then at a certain temperature, by the diffusion of material atom, realizes fixed between the particle, and sintering time is long, the energy consumption height; Hot extrusion is to make liquid metal infiltrate solidification forming in the prefabricated component slit of reinforcing material by applying external pressure, and it is compound to be mainly used in low melting point nonferrous materials such as aluminium, magnesium, is difficult to use for high-melting-point iron and steel metal material; Melt infiltration is that metal liquid is impregnated in the prefabricated powder block of porous, and there is the wetability problem of a molten metal and powder in this method, and prefabricated section is many simultaneously makes of binding agent, at high temperature produces gas, forms pore easily; Stirring casting method is that ceramic powders is directly joined in the parent metal liquid, and carries out the stirring of certain way, and casting forming then because particle is tiny, is difficult for entering and evenly spreads in the metal liquid; There are defectives such as narrower to the selection of material, that wearing layer is too thin, interface bond strength is on the low side in hot-spraying technique; It is to strengthen body in the inner method that oneself generates and grow of parent metal that in-situ authigenic becomes, compatibility between matrix and reinforcing material is good, and interface cleanness is clean, combination is firm, and more excellent mechanical property is arranged, but selectable material system is limited, and the volume fraction of eutectic reinforcing material also can't be adjusted.Metal Substrate composite abrasion resistance material excellent comprehensive performance has demonstrated huge applications potentiality in a lot of fields, but owing to also exist manufacturing cost too high, the influence of factors such as complex process, range of application also is very limited.It is compound that someone utilizes alloy powder core tube thread to carry out built-up welding, at metal base surface built-up welding one deck wearing layer, but must be equipped with special-purpose surfacing equipment, activity duration is longer, and efficient is low, and the two can not form the excellent metallurgical combination, wearing layer peels off cracking easily, and the scope of application is also limited.Preparation Metal Substrate composite abrasion resistance material, primary work are to reduce manufacturing cost, simplify technology.The common cost of casting is low, and equipment is simple, more is applicable to industrial batch production to have more commercial promise.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of preparation method of local composite abrasion resistance material is provided, the local composite abrasion resistance material of this method preparation, be to form one deck high alloy high-abrasive material at surface of the work, make it have good anti-wear performance, combine together with the parent metal metallurgical binding simultaneously, kept the excellent toughness of metallic matrix, the two performance advantage complementation can be applicable to the various working condition.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of preparation method of local composite abrasion resistance material, it is characterized in that, this method is selected high alloy powder core pipe silk for use, the structure similar to workpiece sheared, is bent into to high alloy powder core pipe silk according to the working face shape of workpiece, and be embedded in the sand mold that requires to make according to casting technique, to smelt good parent metal liquid then and pour in the sand mold, treat the sand mold cooled and solidified after sand removal handle, can obtain the local composite abrasion resistance material of forming by high alloy wearing layer, metallurgical transition zone, parent metal layer.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, owing to adopt the pipe silk of thin diameter, the inner high alloy powder of filling, under the high temperature action of parent metal liquid, alloy powder dissolving disperse, with parent metal liquid metallurgical combination reaction takes place, simultaneously because the heat-absorbing action of alloy powder has reduced local temperature, shortened crystallization process, hindered the further diffusion of alloying element, thereby made the alloying element enrichment in position in the pipe silk, the remarkable refinement of crystal grain, separate out the hard compounds of the high rigidity of a large amount of disperses, just formed the high alloy wearing layer after solidifying, and combined with the transition of parent metal formation excellent metallurgical, the interface is in conjunction with firm, wearability and toughness organic unity, overall performance significantly improves.
2, alloy powder can carry out proportioning according to the instructions for use of workpiece, and composition is adjustable, wide adaptability.
3, owing to adopted purer alloy powder, do not contain impurity such as binding agent, therefore can not produce defectives such as pore, slag inclusion, interior tissue function admirable.
4, can wearing layer thickness be set according to the working face wearing and tearing requirement of workpiece, reach best result of use, save a large amount of precious metals.
5, the composite of making can carry out secondary operations or processing according to instructions for use, and processing performance is good.
6, because alloy powder core tube thread has certain plasticity, good moldability is applicable to the product of multiple shape and structure.
7, adopt the preparation of metallurgical casting method, do not have the wetability problem, technology is easy, and cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a local composite abrasion resistance material structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a local composite abrasion resistance material preparation method schematic diagram of the present invention
The embodiment that provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and inventor is described in further detail the present invention.
The specific embodiment
According to local composite abrasion resistance material preparation method of the present invention, by carrying out with following step:
1, select the high alloy powder core pipe silk (commercially available) of certain ingredients and certain diameter specification for use, diameter is φ 2mm～φ 5mm, and pipe silk inside is filled with the high alloy powder, and the high alloy powder size is 50～200 orders.
2, according to the working face shape of workpiece, will manage silk and shear, bend moulding, pre-buried and be fixed in the sand mold die cavity; Bend that shared volume is 20%～50% of a wearing layer after the moulding.
3, require to make sand mold and dead head according to casting technique, sand mold is to adopt resin sand or water-glass sand, require to make according to casting technique,
4, will smelt good parent metal liquid and be poured in the sand mold, till filling with; Parent metal can adopt medium-frequency induction furnace or arc melting, and material can be selected ordinary carbon steel, steel alloy, potassium steel etc. for use according to the applying working condition condition.
5, sand mold room temperature cooling, treat that parent metal liquid solidifies after, sand removal is handled, and promptly can be made into local composite abrasion resistance material.
Mechanism of the present invention is, alloy powder core tube thread is under the high temperature action of parent metal liquid, melt, dissolve, a large amount of alloying elements and molten metal produce metallurgical combination reaction, generate highly dispersed alloy structure in position, promptly form one deck high alloy high-abrasive material after the last cooled and solidified, this high alloy high-abrasive material combines with the metallurgical transition of parent metal liquid and combines together, promptly can be made into the composite of wearability and toughness matched well.
Below be the embodiment that the inventor provides, need to prove, the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.Embodiment 1: the composite abrasion resistance material of making 35 steel and high-chromium alloy
Referring to Fig. 2, present embodiment carries out according to following steps:
1, select the alloy powder core tube thread 4 of 3.2mm diameter for use, alloyed powder is a high-carbon chromium iron, and granularity 80～120 orders according to Workpiece structure, will be managed silk and shear, bend, fix shaping;
2, adopt resin sand, require to make the sand mold 7 of pouring into a mould workpiece according to casting technique, sand mold 7 intermediate fabrication dead heads 6, and with the alloy powder core tube thread of making 4, according to 40% volume ratio that accounts for workpiece wear layer, be embedded in the die cavity 5 of sand mold 7;
3, select 35 steel matter for use, use electric arc furnace smelting, treat that temperature reaches 1600 ℃ and comes out of the stove,, 35 molten steel are poured in the die cavity 5 of sand mold 7, till die cavity 5 is filled with by dead head 6;
4, sand mold 7 room temperatures cooling, treat the molten metal cooled and solidified after, take out foundry goods, sand removal is handled, and promptly makes the composite abrasion resistance material of being made up of high-chromium alloy wearing layer 1, metallurgical transition zone 2 and 35 steel matrix metal levels 3 (Fig. 1).
Embodiment 2: the composite abrasion resistance material of making potassium steel and high chrome molybdenum alloy
Present embodiment carries out according to following steps:
1, selects the alloy powder core tube thread 4 of 2.0mm diameter for use, the alloyed powder of filling in the pipe silk is that the mixture of high-carbon chromium iron and molybdenum-iron powder is (commercially available, the ratio of high-carbon chromium iron and molybdenum-iron powder is 85:15), granularity 100～150 orders, according to Workpiece structure and working face shape, with alloy powder core tube thread, bend, the fixing shaping;
2, adopt glass sand, require to make the sand mold 7 of cast workpiece according to casting technique, sand mold 7 intermediate fabrication dead heads 6, and the alloy powder core tube thread 4 that will make shaping is embedded in the die cavity 5 of sand mold 7 according to the volume ratio that accounts for wearing layer 50%;
3, select the potassium steel material for use, smelt, treat that temperature reaches 1550 ℃ and comes out of the stove,, potassium steel liquid is poured in the die cavity 5, till die cavity 5 is filled with by dead head 6 with medium-frequency induction furnace;
4, sand mold 7 room temperatures cooling, treat that the potassium steel liquid cooling is but solidified after, take out foundry goods, sand removal is handled, and promptly makes the composite abrasion resistance material of being made up of high chrome molybdenum alloy wearing layer 1, metallurgical transition zone 2, high-manganese steel-base bulk metal layer 3.
Certainly, according to method of the present invention, actual condition according to workpiece, alloy powder core tube thread 4 also can be selected an amount of ferrotungsten powder or ferrosilicon powder or ferromanganese powder or other alloyed powder of interpolation in the high-carbon chromium iron for use, the volume fraction of alloy powder core tube thread 4 shared workpiece wear layers is chosen between 20%～50%, the parent metal layer requires to select according to workpiece, all can prepare suitable local composite abrasion resistance material.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of preparation method of local composite abrasion resistance material, it is characterized in that, this method is selected high alloy powder core pipe silk for use, the structure similar to workpiece sheared, is bent into to high alloy powder core pipe silk according to the working face shape of workpiece, and be embedded in the sand mold that requires to make according to casting technique, to smelt good parent metal liquid then pours in the sand mold, sand removal is handled after treating the sand mold cooled and solidified, can obtain the local composite abrasion resistance material of being made up of high alloy wearing layer, metallurgical transition zone, parent metal layer.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the outer tube of described high alloy powder core pipe silk is a low carbon steel pipe, and the diameter of steel pipe is 2mm～5mm, and being filled with granularity in the pipe is 50～200 purpose high alloy powder.
3, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described high alloy powder is made of high-carbon chromium iron, or adds an amount of molybdenum-iron powder, ferrotungsten powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferromanganese powder or other alloyed powder in high-carbon chromium iron.
4, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described high alloy powder core pipe silk is by after cutting, bending shaping, 20%～50% of shared workpiece wear layer volume fraction.
5, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described sand mold adopts resin sand or water-glass sand to make, and makes dead head according to casting technique.
6, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described parent metal is selected ordinary carbon steel, steel alloy or potassium steel for use, adopts electric arc furnaces or medium-frequency induction furnace to smelt.
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| CNA200810232312XA CN101422814A (en) | 2008-11-18 | 2008-11-18 | Preparation method of local composite abrasion resistance material |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101983864A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-03-09 | 山东大学 | Composite material of wear-resisting rod piece and preparation method thereof |
| CN102019544A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-04-20 | 江阴东大新材料研究院 | Cast-welding and forging compounded forming method of super-huge type forge piece |
| CN102489687A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-06-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of gradient composite wear resistant material |
| CN102513522A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing ceramic particle reinforced steel-based mesh material |
| CN102513520A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing heat-fatigue-resistance wear-resistance laminated particle reinforced composite material |
-
2008
- 2008-11-18 CN CNA200810232312XA patent/CN101422814A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102019544A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-04-20 | 江阴东大新材料研究院 | Cast-welding and forging compounded forming method of super-huge type forge piece |
| CN102019544B (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-06-20 | 江阴东大新材料研究院 | Cast-welding and forging compounded forming method of super-huge type forge piece |
| CN101983864A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-03-09 | 山东大学 | Composite material of wear-resisting rod piece and preparation method thereof |
| CN101983864B (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-12-05 | 山东大学 | Composite material of wear-resisting rod piece and preparation method thereof |
| CN102489687A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-06-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of gradient composite wear resistant material |
| CN102513522A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing ceramic particle reinforced steel-based mesh material |
| CN102513520A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing heat-fatigue-resistance wear-resistance laminated particle reinforced composite material |
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Open date: 20090506 |