CN111039726A - Microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, preparation method and application - Google Patents

Microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN111039726A
CN111039726A CN201911260931.4A CN201911260931A CN111039726A CN 111039726 A CN111039726 A CN 111039726A CN 201911260931 A CN201911260931 A CN 201911260931A CN 111039726 A CN111039726 A CN 111039726A
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soil
saline
alkali soil
microbial fertilizer
growth
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张凤华
赵亚光
孙福新
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Jiangsu Guoxin Xielian Energy Co ltd
Shihezi University
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Jiangsu Guoxin Xielian Energy Co ltd
Shihezi University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/041—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G01N2033/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, and discloses a saline-alkali soil improvement microbial fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the saline-alkali soil improvement microbial fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-90% of microbial fermentation liquor, 6-7% of corn straw, 4-5% of urea and 1-2% of calcium phosphate; the microbial fermentation liquid is prepared by fermenting salt-tolerant growth-promoting bacteria staphylococcus wp-3. The bacterial fertilizer provided by the invention has a remarkable soil improvement effect and can promote the growth of crops. The microbial fertilizer is applied to the growth of wheat, so that the microbial fertilizer has a promoting effect on the growth of wheat, and the fresh weight of seedlings, the fresh weight of roots, the plant height and the root length are all obviously increased compared with a control; and the pH value of the soil is obviously reduced by 3.6%, and the contents of quick-acting phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, organic matters and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen are obviously increased by 240.05%, 545.47%, 75.80% and 44.35% respectively.

Description

Microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, preparation method and application
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, and particularly relates to a saline-alkali soil improvement microbial fertilizer, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Currently, the current state of the art commonly used in the industry is such that: the salinization of soil is a worldwide problem, China is one of the world saline-alkali land big countries, and the total area of the salinized soil is about 0.99 to 108hm2. Due to the accumulation of a large amount of salt in soil, a series of physical properties of soil are deteriorated: the structure viscosity, the air permeability is poor, the volume weight is high, the soil temperature rises slowly, the activity of aerobic microorganisms in the soil is poor, the differential release is slow, the permeability coefficient is low, the capillary action is strong, and the aggravation of the salinization of the surface soil is further caused. For a long time, a series of related researches are carried out by numerous scholars at home and abroad aiming at saline-alkali soil, and mainly related improvement measures are as follows: the physical method comprises the technologies of platform land precipitation, ditching and salt washing, underground isolation, overground coverage and the like; the chemical remediation is mainly used for improving the saline-alkali soil through substances such as calcium-containing substances, acidic substances, pyrite, desulfurized gypsum and the like. But the physical-chemical technology has higher cost, elements still remain in the soil, secondary pollution is easy to form, and the harmful crops are activated again and are not beneficial to the growth of the crops. The biological remediation of the saline-alkali soil can improve the saline-alkali soil property, reduce the salinity of the soil, improve the soil fertility and achieve the purpose of salt pressing.
In conclusion, after the microbial fertilizer is applied to the saline-alkali soil, a large amount of secondary metabolites are generated in the growth and propagation processes of microorganisms in the soil, the formation of a soil granular structure can be promoted, the soil becomes loose and soft, the water and fertilizer retention performance is enhanced, water, air and heat are more coordinated, the soil hardening is reduced, the water, fertilizer and air retention and the promotion of root system development are facilitated, and a comfortable environment is provided for crops. The improvement of the physical and chemical properties of the soil strengthens the activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, thereby promoting the decomposition and transformation of organic matters to the maximum extent, generating various nutrient substances and irritant substances, in turn stimulating the growth and development of the microorganisms, promoting the growth of crops and finally achieving the purposes of increasing both production and income.
The problems existing in the prior art are as follows: the existing chemical fertilizer can not improve the saline-alkali soil property, can not reduce the salinity of the soil, causes pollution to the environment, activates and harms crops again, and is not beneficial to the growth of the crops. The physical method for improving the saline-alkali soil property has high cost and cannot achieve the expected effect.
The difficulty of solving the technical problems is as follows: the saline-alkali soil has high pH value and salt content, poor soil nutrient and can not be fundamentally improved by physical and chemical methods.
The significance of solving the technical problems is as follows: in order to solve the technology, the saline-alkali soil is applied with the microbial fertilizer, which has important significance for improving the physical and chemical properties of the saline-alkali soil, promoting the growth of crops and increasing the yield and income.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, a preparation method and application.
The invention is realized in such a way that the microbial fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil can improve the severe saline-alkali soil, and calcium ions in the microbial fertilizer and free sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate in the soil act to generate calcium bicarbonate, calcium phosphate and sodium sulfate so as to achieve the aim of desalting. The microbial fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-90% of microbial fermentation liquor, 6-7% of corn straw, 4-5% of urea and 1-2% of calcium phosphate. The optimal proportion is selected according to the living environment of the microorganisms and the growth needs of crops.
The microbial fertilizer contains a large amount of secondary metabolites, can promote the formation of a soil granular structure, can effectively convert calcium phosphate in a solution into soil soluble phosphorus, increase the absorption of phosphorus elements by crops, increase the soil organic matters of saline-alkali soil, carry out alkaline hydrolysis on nitrogen, reduce the salt content, reduce soil hardening, facilitate water retention, fertilizer retention, ventilation and promotion of root system development, and provide a comfortable environment for saline-alkali soil crops.
Further, the microbial fermentation liquor is prepared by fermenting salt tolerant growth-promoting bacteria staphylococcus wp-3. The salt-tolerant growth-promoting bacteria wp-3 are obtained by separation and purification from saline-alkali soil, can dissolve organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus, increase the content of soluble phosphorus in soil, synthesize auxin IAA, promote crop growth and promote crop seed germination. And storing in a China center for typical culture preservation in 2018, 5 months and 14 days, wherein the preservation number is CCTCC NO: m2018273. The strain can also be replaced by Bacillus and Bacillus subtilis for promoting growth.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
preparing microbial fermentation liquor, corn straws, urea and calcium phosphate according to weight percentage; crushing the corn straws by using a miniature powder sample machine for later use;
activating the wp-3 strain in an LB solid culture medium;
inoculating the activated strain into fermentation liquor which is adjusted to pH 7.5-7.83L by ammonia water for fermentation for 72h, wherein the total viable bacteria number of the strain is not less than 2 multiplied by 108CFU/mL；
And step four, adding 150g of urea and 30g of calcium phosphate into the fermentation liquor obtained in the step three.
And step five, pouring the solution obtained in the step four into 200g of corn straw powder, placing the corn straw powder into a fermentation bag, fermenting for 5-7 days, and naturally drying until the water content is below 30% to obtain the microbial fertilizer.
Further, the microbial fertilizer is powder; and the total viable bacteria number of the strain is not less than 2 multiplied by 108CFU/mL. The microbial fertilizer contains a large amount of secondary metabolismThe product can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, effectively convert calcium phosphate in the solution into soil soluble phosphorus, increase the absorption of phosphorus element by crops, increase the organic matter of saline-alkali soil, carry out alkaline hydrolysis on nitrogen, reduce the salt content, reduce soil hardening, facilitate water retention, fertilizer retention, ventilation and promotion of root system development, and provide a comfortable environment for saline-alkali soil crops.
The invention also aims to provide application of the microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil in wheat growth and saline-alkali soil improvement.
Further, the application in the growth of wheat and the improvement of saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
mixing the soil and the microbial fertilizer according to the ratio of 3:1, treating the microbial fertilizer, and setting the soil without the microbial fertilizer as a control;
adding 2% of sodium chloride into the soil without the added bacteria fertilizer and the soil with the added bacteria fertilizer;
wheat seeds were sown in pots containing an equal amount of 2kg soil, 20 seeds per pot, and 3 replicates of control and treatment were set. Watering in time and quantity, thinning after 7d, keeping 6 plants with uniform growth vigor in each pot, and measuring growth and soil physicochemical property indexes after 30 d.
Furthermore, the application in the growth of wheat and the improvement of saline-alkali soil also comprises the measurement of wheat growth indexes and the measurement of soil physical and chemical properties; the soil physicochemical property determination method comprises the following steps:
measuring the pH value of the soil by using an acidimeter;
soil CE was measured by a conductivity meter.
Further, the application in wheat growth and saline-alkali soil improvement also comprises the determination of the quick-acting potassium content in soil, and the determination is carried out by using a flame photometer.
Further, the application in wheat growth and saline-alkali soil improvement also comprises the following steps of standard curve drawing: accurately weighing potassium chloride 0.01907 baked for 2h at 110 ℃ in a 100m L volumetric flask, fixing the volume with ammonium acetate (the solution contains 100 mug/mL of potassium, sequentially diluting the solution by 1 time with methanol, and continuously performing the dilution for 4 times to prepare 5 parts of standard solution with the concentration difference of 1 time;
and obtaining the content of the soil quick-acting potassium according to the degree of the flame photometer and a standard curve.
Further, the application in the growth of wheat and the improvement of saline-alkali soil also comprises the determination of the content of quick-acting phosphorus in soil, and the determination is carried out by using a visible spectrophotometer method;
the phosphorus standard curve is required to be drawn in the determination of the quick-acting phosphorus content of the soil: respectively sucking 50mg/L phosphorus standard solution 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5(ml) into a 50ml volumetric flask, and respectively adding 0.5mol/L NaHCO31ml of leaching liquor and 5ml of molybdenum-antimony color-developing resisting agent, removing bubbles, fixing the volume, and fully shaking up to obtain 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5mol/L phosphorus series standard solution; and after 30min, carrying out color comparison with the solution to be detected simultaneously, and reading the absorbance value. Drawing a phosphorus standard curve by taking the absorbance value as the ordinate and the phosphorus mol/L as the abscissa on the square coordinate paper;
obtaining the content of the soil available phosphorus according to the degree of the visible spectrophotometer and a standard curve;
the application in wheat growth and saline-alkali soil improvement also comprises the following steps:
and (3) measuring the content of organic matters in the soil: measuring by using a potassium dichromate method;
and (3) determination by an alkaline nitrogen hydrolysis method: measured by an alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are: the microbial fertilizer contains a large amount of secondary metabolites, can effectively convert calcium phosphate in a solution into soil soluble phosphorus, increases the absorption of phosphorus elements by crops, increases the available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matters in saline-alkali soil, and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, reduces the pH and salt content, thereby reducing soil hardening, being beneficial to water retention, fertilizer retention, ventilation and promotion of root system development, and providing a comfortable environment for saline-alkali soil crops.
The bacterial fertilizer provided by the invention has a remarkable soil improvement effect and can promote the growth of crops.
The microbial fertilizer is applied to the growth of wheat, the growth of wheat is promoted, and the fresh weight of seedlings, the fresh weight of roots, the plant height and the root length are obviously increased compared with those of a control group and are respectively increased by 28.00%, 216.66%, 19.47% and 193.21%.
The invention utilizes the application of the microbial fertilizer in the improvement of the saline-alkali soil, which obviously reduces the pH value of the soil by 3.6 percent and obviously increases the contents of quick-acting phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, organic matters and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen by 240.05 percent, 545.47 percent, 75.80 percent and 44.35 percent respectively.
The application of the fertilizer containing bacteria can improve soil fertility, improve soil structure, reduce capillary water movement speed and ineffective evaporation of water, and has obvious effect of inhibiting salt return. The content of effective calcium in the soil can be increased, and meanwhile, the organic acid generated by decomposing organic matters by microorganisms can activate calcium adsorbed by the soil, so that the replacement effect on the soil adsorbable sodium is enhanced, and desalting and dealkalization are caused. Under the action of microbial fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer, the harmful ion content and pH value of the saline-alkali soil are obviously reduced, the soil buffering performance is increased, the saline-alkali tolerance of crops is improved, and the growth of the crops is promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the potting effect of microbial fertilizer application provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of applying microbial fertilizer on the fresh weight of wheat seedlings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of applying microbial fertilizer on the fresh weight of wheat roots according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of applying microbial fertilizer on wheat root length provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of applying microbial fertilizer on wheat root length provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the standard curve of the rapid potassium assay provided in the examples of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph of a standard for rapid phosphorus determination provided by an example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The existing chemical fertilizer can not improve the saline-alkali soil property and can not reduce the salinity of the soil.
To solve the above problems, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-90% of microbial fermentation liquor, 6-7% of corn straw, 4-5% of urea and 1-2% of calcium phosphate.
The microbial fermentation liquid provided by the embodiment of the invention is prepared by fermenting staphylococcus wp-3 bacteria, wherein the wp-3 bacteria are preserved in a China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) in 2018, 5 months and 14 days, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: m2018273, preservation unit Address Wuhan city Wuchang district No. 299, Hubei province.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, preparing microbial fermentation liquor, corn straws, urea and calcium phosphate according to weight percentage; the corn stalks are crushed by a miniature powder sample machine for standby.
S102, activating the wp-3 strain in an LB solid medium.
S103, inoculating the activated strain to fermentation liquor which is adjusted to pH 7.5-7.83L by ammonia water for fermentation for 72 hours, wherein the total viable count of the strain is not less than 2 multiplied by 108CFU/mL。
S104, adding 150g of urea and 30g of calcium phosphate into the fermentation liquor obtained in the step S103.
And S105, pouring the solution obtained in the step S104 into 200g of corn straw powder, placing the corn straw powder into a fermentation bag, fermenting for 5-7 days, and naturally drying until the water content is below 30% to obtain the microbial fertilizer.
The improved microbial fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention is powder; and the total viable bacteria number of the strain is not less than 2 multiplied by 108CFU/mL。
The technical solution and technical effects of the present invention are further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1:
the invention provides a microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-90% of microbial fermentation liquor, 6-7% of corn straw, 4-5% of urea and 1-2% of calcium phosphate.
The preparation method of the microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:
inoculating the activated strain wp-3 into the fermentation liquor, and fermenting for 72h in a shaking table at 30 ℃ and 180 r/min.
Fermentation liquor: 5g of yeast extract, 10g of tryptone, 1000mL of distilled water and ammonia water are adjusted to pH7.5-7.8, and the mixture is sterilized at 121 ℃ for 20 minutes.
150g of urea and 30g of calcium phosphate are added into the fermentation liquor.
The corn stalks are crushed by 200g by a miniature flour model machine and are placed in a fermentation bag.
And pouring the fermentation liquor added with the urea and the calcium phosphate into a fermentation bag, fermenting for 5-7 days, and naturally drying until the water content is below 30% to obtain the microbial fertilizer.
Example 2:
the application of the saline-alkali soil microbial fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention in wheat growth and saline-alkali soil improvement. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) experiment of wheat potting
And mixing the soil and the microbial fertilizer according to the ratio of 3:1, treating the microbial fertilizer, and setting the soil without the microbial fertilizer as a control.
Adding 2% sodium chloride into the soil without adding the bacteria and the soil with the bacteria.
Wheat seeds were sown in pots containing an equal amount of 2kg soil, 20 seeds per pot, and 3 replicates of control and treatment were set. Watering in time and quantity, thinning after 7d, keeping 6 plants with uniform growth vigor in each pot, and measuring the growth and soil physical and chemical property indexes after 30 d. The growth promoting effect is shown in figure 2.
(2) Wheat growth index determination
The microbial fertilizer has the effect of promoting the growth of wheat, and the results are shown in fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6. The fresh weight of seedlings, the fresh weight of roots, the plant height and the root length are obviously increased compared with the control by 28.00 percent, 216.66 percent, 19.47 percent and 193.21 percent respectively.
(3) Determination of physical and chemical properties of soil
The pH of the soil is measured by an acidimeter, the result is shown in Table 1, and the applied microbial fertilizer is obviously reduced by 3.6 percent compared with the pH of a control.
TABLE 1 Effect of bacterial manure application on soil physicochemical Properties
Figure BDA0002311563190000071
Figure BDA0002311563190000081
The results of the soil CE measurements with the conductivity meter are shown in Table 2, and the EC can be reduced but the reduction is not significant when the microbial fertilizer is applied compared with the control.
TABLE 2 Effect of bacterial manure application on soil physicochemical Properties
Figure BDA0002311563190000082
(4) And (4) measuring the content of the quick-acting potassium in the soil by using a flame photometer.
Drawing a standard curve: potassium chloride 0.01907 was weighed out and baked at 110 ℃ for 2 hours into a 100m L volumetric flask, and the volume was determined by ammonium acetate (the solution contained 100 μ g/ml. potassium was diluted 1 time by methanol in sequence and continued for 4 times to prepare 5 portions of standard solutions with 1 time difference in concentration, and the standard curve is shown in fig. 7.
The soil quick-acting potassium content is obtained according to the degree of the flame photometer and a standard curve, the result is shown in table 3, and the quick-acting potassium content can be obviously increased by 545.47% by applying the microbial fertilizer.
TABLE 3 Effect of bacterial manure application on soil physicochemical Properties
Figure BDA0002311563190000083
(5) And (4) measuring the content of the quick-acting phosphorus in the soil by using a visible spectrophotometer method.
Drawing a phosphorus standard curve: respectively sucking 50mg/L of phosphorus standard solution 0, 1, 2, 3,4. 5(ml) in 50ml volumetric flasks, 0.5mol/L NaHCO each was added31ml of leaching liquor and 5ml of molybdenum-antimony color-developing resisting agent, removing bubbles, fixing the volume, and fully shaking up to obtain the phosphorus series standard solution of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mol/L. And after 30min, carrying out color comparison with the solution to be detected simultaneously, and reading the absorbance value. And drawing a phosphorus standard curve by taking the absorbance value as the ordinate and the phosphorus mol/L as the abscissa on the square coordinate paper. The standard curve is shown in fig. 8.
The content of the quick-acting phosphorus in the soil is obtained according to the degree of a visible spectrophotometer and a standard curve, and the result is shown in table 4, the content of the quick-acting phosphorus can be obviously increased by 240.05% by applying the microbial fertilizer.
TABLE 4 Effect of bacterial manure application on soil physicochemical Properties
Figure BDA0002311563190000091
(6) And (3) measuring the content of organic matters in the soil: measured by a potassium dichromate method. The results are shown in table 5, and the soil organic matter is significantly increased 75.80% after the microbial fertilizer is applied.
TABLE 5 Effect of bacterial manure application on soil physicochemical Properties
Figure BDA0002311563190000092
(7) And (3) determination by an alkaline nitrogen hydrolysis method: measured by an alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method. The results are shown in table 6, where the content of alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen is significantly increased by 44.35% after the application of the microbial fertilizer.
TABLE 6 influence of bacterial manure application on soil physicochemical Properties
Figure BDA0002311563190000101
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 85-90% of microbial fermentation liquor, 6-7% of corn straw, 4-5% of urea and 1-2% of calcium phosphate.
2. The improved saline-alkali soil microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial fermentation broth is prepared by fermenting salt tolerant growth-promoting bacteria staphylococcus wp-3.
3. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil microbial fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized by specifically comprising the following steps of:
preparing microbial fermentation liquor, corn straws, urea and calcium phosphate according to weight percentage; crushing the corn straws by using a miniature powder sample machine for later use;
activating the wp-3 strain in an LB solid culture medium;
inoculating the activated strain into fermentation liquor which is adjusted to pH 7.5-7.83L by ammonia water for fermentation for 72h, wherein the total viable bacteria number of the strain is not less than 2 multiplied by 108CFU/mL；
Step four, adding 150g of urea and 30g of calcium phosphate into the fermentation liquor obtained in the step three;
and step five, pouring the solution obtained in the step four into 200g of corn straw powder, placing the corn straw powder into a fermentation bag, fermenting for 5-7 days, and naturally drying until the water content is below 30% to obtain the microbial fertilizer.
4. The method for preparing the microbial fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil according to claim 3, wherein the prepared microbial fertilizer is powder; and the total viable bacteria number of the strain is not less than 2 multiplied by 108CFU/mL。
5. The application of the microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil as defined in claim 1 in wheat growth and saline-alkali soil improvement.
6. The use of claim 5 in wheat growth and saline alkali soil improvement, wherein the use in wheat growth and saline alkali soil improvement comprises potting of wheat:
mixing the soil and the microbial fertilizer according to the ratio of 3:1, treating the microbial fertilizer, and setting the soil without the microbial fertilizer as a control;
adding 2% of sodium chloride into the soil without the added bacteria fertilizer and the soil with the added bacteria fertilizer;
sowing wheat seeds in flowerpots containing 2kg of soil with the same quantity, wherein 20 seeds are sowed in each flowerpot, and setting 3 times of comparison and treatment; watering in time and quantity, thinning after 7d, keeping 6 plants with uniform growth vigor in each pot, and measuring growth and soil physicochemical property indexes after 30 d.
7. The use of claim 5 in wheat growth and saline alkali soil improvement, wherein the use in wheat growth and saline alkali soil improvement further comprises wheat growth index determination and soil physicochemical property determination; the soil physicochemical property determination method comprises the following steps:
measuring the pH value of the soil by using an acidimeter;
soil CE was measured by a conductivity meter.
8. The use of claim 5 in wheat growth and saline alkali soil improvement, wherein said use in wheat growth and saline alkali soil improvement further comprises soil rapid-acting potassium content determination using a flame photometer.
9. The use of claim 5 in wheat growth and saline alkali soil improvement, wherein the use further comprises standard curve plotting: accurately weighing potassium chloride 0.01907 baked for 2h at 110 ℃ in a 100m L volumetric flask, and fixing the volume by using ammonium acetate, wherein the solution contains 100 mu g/mL of potassium; sequentially diluting with methanol by 1 time, and continuously performing for 4 times to prepare 5 parts of standard solutions with concentration difference of 1 time;
and obtaining the content of the soil quick-acting potassium according to the degree of the flame photometer and a standard curve.
10. The use of claim 5 in wheat growth and saline alkali soil improvement, wherein said use in wheat growth and saline alkali soil improvement further comprises soil rapid-acting phosphorus content determination using visible spectrophotometer;
the phosphorus standard curve is required to be drawn in the determination of the quick-acting phosphorus content of the soil: respectively sucking 0ml, 1ml, 2ml, 3ml, 4ml and 5ml of the phosphorus standard solution of 50mg/L into a 50ml volumetric flask, and respectively adding 0.5mol/L NaHCO31ml of leaching liquor and 5ml of molybdenum-antimony color-developing resisting agent, removing bubbles, fixing the volume, and fully shaking up to obtain 0mol/L, 0.1mol/L, 0.2mol/L, 0.3mol/L, 0.4mol/L and 0.5mol/L phosphorus series standard solution; carrying out color comparison with the solution to be detected after 30min, and reading the absorbance value; drawing a phosphorus standard curve by taking the absorbance value as the ordinate and the phosphorus mol/L as the abscissa on the square coordinate paper;
obtaining the content of the soil available phosphorus according to the degree of the visible spectrophotometer and a standard curve;
the application in wheat growth and saline-alkali soil improvement also comprises the following steps:
and (3) measuring the content of organic matters in the soil: measuring by using a potassium dichromate method;
and (3) determination by an alkaline nitrogen hydrolysis method: measured by an alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method.
CN201911260931.4A 2019-12-10 2019-12-10 Microbial fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, preparation method and application Pending CN111039726A (en)

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