CN111035666A - Ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin, ginseng wine and ginseng oral liquid - Google Patents

Ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin, ginseng wine and ginseng oral liquid Download PDF

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CN111035666A
CN111035666A CN202010074927.5A CN202010074927A CN111035666A CN 111035666 A CN111035666 A CN 111035666A CN 202010074927 A CN202010074927 A CN 202010074927A CN 111035666 A CN111035666 A CN 111035666A
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金凤燮
鱼红闪
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Abstract

The invention discloses a ginseng extract, ginseng wine and ginseng oral liquid with high rare saponin content, which utilize the action of metal ions of ginseng to convert low-activity saponin in raw material ginseng into at least 20 high-activity rare saponins and aglycones of ginseng to prepare the ginseng extract with high rare saponin content; has the characteristics of simple operation, low cost, suitability for mass production and the like. The ginseng wine and the ginseng oral liquid with high content of rare saponins of ginseng are prepared by utilizing the ginseng extract with high content of rare saponins of ginseng, are convenient to take, and can fully exert the biological activities of rare saponins of ginseng, such as improving human immunity, resisting fatigue, promoting blood circulation, improving memory, resisting oxidation and the like.

Description

Ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin, ginseng wine and ginseng oral liquid
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ginseng extract, ginseng wine and ginseng oral liquid, in particular to a ginseng extract with high content of rare saponins, which contains at least 20 high-activity rare saponins and aglycones of ginseng and the content of the rare saponins is 40-85% of total saponins, and ginseng wine and ginseng oral liquid prepared by the ginseng extract.
Background
Ginseng, which is a precious herb and a special food, is called 'Baicaozhiwang' for general, and has the effects of tonifying five internal organs, calming the spirit, calming the soul, stopping palpitation, improving eyesight, and improving mentality. Its actions can be summarized as tonifying qi, relieving depletion, benefiting blood, restoring pulse, tranquilizing mind by nourishing the heart, promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, tonifying lung, relieving asthma, invigorating spleen, stopping diarrhea, and expelling toxin and healing sore. The ginseng with high yield and wide application at present is as follows: ginseng (A, B)Panax ginsengC.a. Mayer), American ginseng (American ginseng)Panax quinquefoliusL), Panax notoginseng (Burk) F.H., (Panax notoginsengBurk) three kinds.
The main active component of ginseng is saponin, and more than 150 kinds of known ginsenoside are used. However, more than 80-90% of the saponins in the ginseng are protopanaxasaponins such as Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rg1 and the like; more than 80-90% of saponins in American ginseng are protopanaxasaponins such as Rb1, Re, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rg1 and the like; more than 80-90% of the saponins in the panax notoginseng are protopanaxasaponins such as Rb1, Rg1, Rd, Re and R1. Protopanaxasaponin has low activity and is difficult to absorb, and is converted into rare saponin with high physiological activity and high absorption rate under the action of intestinal enzymes and microorganisms after being taken orally, but the conversion rate is very limited. The sun-dried ginseng contains almost no rare saponin, and during the traditional processing process of the red ginseng, the saponins Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1 with high content in the ginseng can be converted into the rare saponins Rg3, Rg5 and Rk1, Rg2, Rg4 and Rg6, Rh2, Rh3 and Rk2, Rh1, Rh4 and Rk3 and corresponding aglycone and the like which have high activity and are easy to absorb, but the content of the rare saponins is very trace.
In order to obtain the active red ginseng with high content of rare saponin, the invention patent with Chinese patent number ZL 200510136799.8 and named as 'preparation method of high-activity red ginseng' discloses the preparation of the active red ginseng by utilizing ginsenoside enzyme of ginseng. Although the content of rare saponins in red ginseng is improved by several times to dozens of times compared with the content of rare saponins in the traditional red ginseng, the content of the original ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1 converted into the high-activity rare saponins is less (10-20%), and only more than ten kinds of rare saponins are produced.
Chinese patent No. ZL201010170521.3, invention patent named as 'method for catalyzing natural glycoside compounds by metal ions' and Chinese patent No. ZL201510544738.9, named asThe invention patent of '20 th carbon hydroxyl dehydrated ginseng rare saponin and aglycone' discloses the method for preparing the same by using additional metal ions (Ca)++，Mg++，Fe++，Fe3+，K+、Na+And the like) to a water phase or an ethanol phase with different concentrations, directly reacting with ginsenoside and then converting to prepare rare ginsenoside. The ginseng root contains abundant self metal ions (the ash content of the ginseng root is 3% -4%, and the ash content mainly contains Ca++，Mg++，K+、Na+Mainly containing Fe ions or other 2 in a trace amount+～3+Metal ions), but there is no report on the conversion of raw material ginsenoside into at least 20 kinds of high-activity rare ginsenoside and aglycon which are easy to absorb by utilizing the metal ions of ginseng.
The existing ginseng wine preparation methods basically comprise the following steps: the traditional method of soaking ginseng in wine; the invention discloses a ginseng wine with Chinese patent number ZL 200710055837.6, which is prepared by mixing a leaching solution of ginseng soaked in white spirit with glycerol, syrup, purified water and other food additives. The invention application with the Chinese patent application number of 201610083574.9 discloses a ginseng wine preparation method, which comprises the steps of ginseng powder preparation → honey juice preparation → mother liquor preparation of mixed ginseng powder and honey juice → dipping fermentation → aging → filtration and clarification → storage, winterization and stabilization → filling, wherein although the ginseng powder is fermented, the prepared ginseng wine only contains raw ginsenoside and hardly contains rare ginsenoside.
There has been no report on the preparation of ginseng or red ginseng oral liquid from ginseng extract containing at least 20 kinds of high-activity rare saponins and aglycones of ginseng and having a content of 40-85% of total saponins.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art and provides a ginseng extract with high content of rare saponins, wherein the content of rare saponins is 40-85% of total saponins, and the ginseng wine and the ginseng oral liquid are prepared from the ginseng extract, and the ginseng extract at least comprises 20 high-activity rare saponins and aglycones of ginseng.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin is prepared according to the following method: heating ginseng until ginseng tissues are damaged and self metal ions are released, then converting low-activity ginsenoside into rare saponin at the temperature of 60-85 ℃, leaching, and concentrating the leachate under reduced pressure to obtain a ginseng extract, wherein at least 20 high-activity rare ginsenoside and aglycon in the ginseng extract account for 40-85% of total saponin.
The ginseng extract with high rare saponin content is prepared by the following steps in sequence:
a. adding 8-10 times of water by weight volume into sun-dried ginseng or red ginseng, heating to 96-100 ℃, and preserving heat for 0.5-2 hours;
b. preserving the heat for 4-8 hours at the temperature of 60-85 ℃, and separating an extracting solution;
c. adding 6-8 times of water by weight volume into the rest ginseng residue, preserving the heat at 75-85 ℃ for 4-8 hours, and separating an extracting solution;
d. repeating the step c;
e. mixing extractive solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of at least 60%.
The ginseng extract with high rare saponin content is prepared according to the following steps:
a. cleaning fresh ginseng, removing water, heating to 96-100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1.0 hour;
b. adding water with the weight and volume of 4-7 times of that of the ginseng, preserving the heat for 3-8 hours at the temperature of 60-85 ℃, and separating an extracting solution;
c. repeating the step b;
d. mixing extractive solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of at least 60%.
The reduced pressure concentration is realized by connecting two coolers in series with a reduced pressure concentration device, namely a 20 ℃ cooler for collecting condensed water and a 3-5 ℃ cooler for collecting ginseng aromatic volatile matters.
A Ginseng radix wine prepared from Ginseng radix extract with high content of rare saponin is prepared by blending the prepared Ginseng radix extract with high content of rare saponin with wine, or brewing the prepared Ginseng radix extract with high content of rare saponin with wine brewing material.
Ginseng wine prepared from Ginseng radix extract with high content of rare saponin is added with Ginseng radix extract with high content of rare saponin and collected Ginseng radix aromatic volatile.
The ginseng wine is prepared from ginseng extract with high rare saponin content, the alcohol content of the ginseng wine is 4-18% by volume or 20-60% by volume, and each 100 ml of the ginseng wine contains the ginseng extract with high rare saponin content, which is prepared from 0.01-3 g of dry ginseng.
A ginseng oral liquid prepared from a ginseng extract having a high content of rare saponins prepared according to claim 1 is prepared by mixing the ginseng extract having a high content of rare saponins prepared in claim 1 with water, and the ginseng extract having a high content of rare saponins prepared from 0.01 to 3 g of dried ginseng per 10ml of ginseng wine.
The ginseng oral liquid prepared from the ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin is prepared by adding honey or high fructose corn syrup into raw materials, wherein the sugar degree is 3-40% by mass.
The raw materials of the ginseng oral liquid prepared from the ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin are added with 0.01-3% by mass of pomegranate extract, fructus schisandrae chinensis extract, fructus lycii extract, radix ophiopogonis or bitter gourd extract, or the raw materials are added with 0.001-0.2% by mass of liquorice extract or 0.001-0.2% by mass of fermented citric acid and sodium citrate.
The invention gives full play to the metal ion function of the ginseng, so that 40-85% of protopanaxasaponins Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rg1 and the like are converted into at least 20 kinds of high-activity ginseng rare saponins or aglycones to obtain the ginseng extract with high content of rare saponins. The ginseng wine and the ginseng oral liquid with high content of rare saponin are prepared from the ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin, the taking is convenient, and the biological activities of the rare saponin of the ginseng, such as human immunity improvement, fatigue resistance, blood circulation promotion, memory improvement, oxidation resistance and the like, can be fully exerted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an HPLC chart of various ginsenosides developed by a gradient mobile phase with low acetonitrile content in the example of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a HPLC chart of each aglycone developed by using a gradient mobile phase with high acetonitrile content in the example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The analysis method adopted by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
total saponins, solid and water insoluble solid content of Ginseng radix extract
(1) The content of total saponins in Ginseng radix extract (mg/g) was measured by water saturation n-proof alcohol method (Korea, Panax ginseng component analysis, Korea Panax ginseng society, eds., release, 2008, pp.81-87). Precisely weighing about 7g of sample, placing the sample in a 250m round-bottom flask, evaporating to dryness under reduced pressure (adding 20ml of distilled water for mixing), adding 50ml of water-saturated n-butyl alcohol into residue, performing reflux extraction on the residue in a water bath at 70-80 ℃ for 1 hour, cooling, filtering, collecting filtrate, repeating the above operations on the residue for 2 times, washing the filter paper with 10ml of water-saturated n-butyl alcohol, and combining the filtrates. The filtrate was transferred to a 250ml separatory funnel and 20ml of distilled water was added thereto and sufficiently shaken until distinct layers were separated. Placing the layered water saturated n-butanol into a constant-weight distillation flask, recovering n-butanol under reduced pressure in a water bath, evaporating to dryness, adding 50ml petroleum ether, defatting under vibration for 20min, removing the petroleum ether layer, repeating for 2 times, and evaporating to dryness; the mixture was transferred to a constant-weight drying oven (105 ℃ C.), dried for 30 minutes, and the distillation flask was transferred to a desiccator and placed for 30 minutes, followed by weighing.
Calculating the content of the total ginsenoside (mg/g) ═ A-B)/S; wherein, A, dried distillation flask mass (mg); b, mass of the distillation flask already at constant weight (mg); s, mass (g) of the sample.
(2) Solid content of ginseng extract: precisely weighing about 3-5 g of the sample, and placing the sample in a weighing bottle with constant weight, wherein the thickness is not more than 5 mm. And (3) placing the weighing bottle in a drying box (100-105 ℃) with constant temperature, opening a bottle cap, and drying for 5 hours. And (4) covering the bottle cap, moving the bottle cap into a dryer, cooling the bottle cap for 30min, and weighing the bottle cap. And then drying in the drying oven at the temperature for 1h, cooling, and weighing until the difference between two successive weighing is no more than 5 mg.
Calculating the solid content (%) =100 × (B-C)/(B-a); in the formula, A, the mass (g) of a constant-weight weighing bottle; b, weighing the bottle and the sample mass (g); and C, weighing the bottle and the sample mass (g) after drying the constant weight.
(3) Water-insoluble precipitate of ginseng extract: precisely weighing about 1g of sample, adding distilled water to dissolve and transfer to a centrifuge tube with constant weight, adding distilled water to 15ml of scale, centrifuging for 15min at 3000rpm, pouring out supernatant, repeating the operation for 3 times, placing the centrifuge tube in a drying oven (105 ℃) with constant temperature, drying for 2h, transferring to a dryer, placing for 30min, and weighing.
Calculating water-insoluble precipitate (%) =100 × (W1-W)/S; in the formula, W is the mass (g) of a centrifugal tube with constant weight; w1, centrifuge tube and sediment quality (g) after centrifugal separation; s, sample amount (g).
Distribution and content proportion of more than 20 kinds of saponin and aglycone in ginseng extract
The distribution of more than 20 saponins and the content ratio of each saponin to aglycone in the ginseng extract are determined according to literature (CY Liu et al,J Ginseng Research2015, 39, 221-; PengJie, etc., Chinese herbal medicines, in 2017, 48(1), 65-94) by a High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method.
Preparation of test samples: 20mg of total ginsenoside extracted by the n-butanol method of the analysis method a) is subjected to AB-8 column desugarization, then is eluted by 95% ethanol, the eluent is evaporated to dryness, and the saponin is collected to obtain the total saponin with the weight of about 12 mg; dissolving in chromatographic methanol to obtain 4mg/mL sample solution, and comparing with commercially available ginsenoside standard by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to determine saponin distribution and saponin content ratio.
Standard ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1, 20: (S,R)-Rg3、Rg5、Rk1，20(S,R)-Rh2、Rh3、Rk2，20(S,R)-Rh1、Rh4、Rk3，20(S,R)-Rg2、Rg4、Rg6，20(S,R) -a diol aglycone, 20(22), 24-diene-diol aglycone, 20(21), 24-diene-diol aglycone; 20(S,R) Triol aglycone, 20(22), 24-diene-triol aglycone, 20(21), 24-diene-triol aglycone, 3-O-Glc-20(S)-Rh1、3-O-Glc-20(R)-Rh1、3-O-Glc-Rh4、3-OStandard products such as-Glc-Rk 3 are commercially available.
Chromatograph, Waters2695 high performance liquid chromatography analyzer, Waters2996 photodiode array (PDA) detector and Empower chromatography workstation; a chromatographic column: a Huazhou university C18 column (5 μm, 4.6 mm. phi. times.250 mm); mobile phase: acetonitrile (a) -water (B). Sample introduction amount: 10 mu L of the solution; column temperature: 35 ℃; volume ratio flow rate: 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength: 203 nm.
The ginsenoside determination adopts a gradient mobile phase with low acetonitrile content: acetonitrile (a) -water (B): 0-20 min, 20% A isocratic; 20-31 min, 20% A-32% A linear gradient, 31-40 min,32% A-43% A linear gradient; 40-70 min, 43-100% A linear gradient.
The ginseng aglycone determination adopts a gradient mobile phase with high acetonitrile content: acetonitrile (a) -water (B): 0-5 min, 20-40% A isocratic; 5-10 min, linear gradient of 40% A-60% A; 10-70 min, linear gradient of 60% A-100% A.
Determining peaks of each ginsenoside and aglycon in an HPLC chart according to the peak emergence time of standard ginsenosides and aglycons; according to the reference (YK Xiao et al,J. Ginseng Res.,2019: 43, 186-; the peak area ratio of each saponin in the HPLC chart can be approximated as the ratio of the saponin content. Therefore, the content ratio of each saponin and each aglycone in the ginseng extract is calculated and determined.
Example 1:
a. collecting 1 kg of sun-dried Ginseng radix (which can be cut into pieces), adding 8L of water, heating to 96 deg.C, and maintaining for 2 hr to destroy Ginseng radix tissue and release metal ions;
b. keeping the temperature at 85 deg.C for 8 hr to convert protopanaxasaponins Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1 into more than 20 kinds of rare saponins, and separating extractive solution;
c. adding 8 times of water, keeping the temperature at 75 deg.C for 8 hr to convert ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1 into more than 20 kinds of rare saponins, and separating extractive solution;
d. repeating the step c for three times;
e. mixing the extractive solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of at least 60% to obtain 0.66 kg concentrated solution and Ginseng radix extract with total saponin content of 70 mg/ml and high rare saponin content.
The concentration equipment is connected with two coolers in series, wherein one cooler is a cooler at 20 ℃, and is mainly used for collecting condensed water; and the other is a 4 ℃ cooler, and ginseng aromatic volatile matters are mainly collected to obtain 10ml of ginseng aromatic volatile matters.
The structural changes of the protopanaxasaponins Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and the like converted into rare saponins are as follows:
Figure 190624DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
。
the structural changes of the original ginsenosides Re and Rg1 and the like converted into rare saponins are as follows:
Figure 45448DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
。
the obtained Ginseng radix extract is subjected to HPLC with low acetonitrile content gradient mobile phase, and the HPLC chart of each ginsenoside is shown in FIG. 1. The content ratio of each saponin and total aglycone in the ginseng extract calculated from the peak area of fig. 1 is shown in table 1, for example.
TABLE 1
Figure 402349DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
The results show that: the content of ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1 in Ginseng radix extract is below 20%; high-activity rare saponin 20: (S,R)-Rg3、Rg5、Rk1，20(S,R)-Rh2、Rh3、Rk2，20(S,R)-Rh1、Rh4、Rk3，20(S,R) The content ratio of-Rg 2, Rg4, Rg6 and the like is 58 percent; total aglyconeThe content was 21.31%. More than 80% of the low-activity raw materials of the ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rd and the like are converted into high-activity rare saponins or aglycones.
The HPLC chart of each ginsengenin of the obtained ginseng extract is developed by using a gradient mobile phase with high acetonitrile content, and the result is shown in FIG. 2. The content ratio of each aglycone in the total aglycone in the ginseng extract calculated on the basis of the peak area of fig. 2 is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure 469662DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
The results show that: 21.31 percent of total aglycones, 20: (S) -the proportion of the content of the triol aglycone is 4.67%; 20(R) The proportion of the content of the triol aglycone is 7.45 percent; 20(22), 0.46% of 24-diene-triol aglycone; 20, (21) 24-diene-triol aglycone is 1.23%; 20(S,R) The content ratio of the diol aglycone is 5.80%; 20(22), the content ratio of 24-diene-diol aglycone to 20(21), the content ratio of 24-diene-diol aglycone is 1.70%.
Example 2:
a. 1 kg of red ginseng (which can be cut into pieces) is taken, 10 liters of water is added, and the mixture is heated to 100 ℃ and is kept warm for 0.5 hour, so that ginseng tissues can be damaged and metal ions can be released;
b. keeping the temperature at 75 deg.C for 4 hr to convert protopanaxasaponins Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1 into more than 20 kinds of rare saponins, and separating extractive solution;
c. adding 7 times of water, keeping the temperature at 85 deg.C for 4 hr to convert ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1 into more than 20 kinds of rare saponins, and separating extractive solution;
d. repeating the step c for three times;
e. mixing the extractive solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of at least 60% to obtain 0.7 kg concentrated solution and Ginseng radix extract with total saponin content of 70 mg/ml and high rare saponin content.
The concentration equipment is connected with two coolers in series, wherein one cooler is a cooler at 20 ℃, and is mainly used for collecting condensed water; and the other is a 5 ℃ cooler, and ginseng aromatic volatile matters are mainly collected to obtain 16 ml of ginseng aromatic volatile matters.
HPLC detection shows that 17-20% of the total saponins are ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1, and the rest is rare saponin 20 (R)S,R)-Rg3、Rg5、Rk1；20(S,R)-Rh2、Rh3、Rk2；20(S,R)-Rh1、Rh4、Rk3；20(S,R)-Rg2、Rg4、Rg6；20(S,R) -triol aglycone, 20(22), 24-diene-triol aglycone, 20(21), 24-diene-triol aglycone; 20(S,R) Diol aglycone, 20(22), 24-diene-diol aglycone, 20(21), 24-diene-diol aglycone and the like.
Example 3:
a. cleaning 3.5 kg of fresh ginseng (equivalent to 1 kg of sun-dried ginseng), controlling the water content, heating to 98 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours;
b. adding 7L water into Ginseng radix, keeping the temperature at 80 deg.C for 5 hr, and separating extractive solution;
c. repeating the step b;
d. mixing the extractive solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of at least 60% to obtain 0.72 kg concentrated solution and Ginseng radix extract with total saponin content of 70 mg/ml and high rare saponin content.
The concentration equipment is connected with two coolers in series, wherein one cooler is a cooler at 20 ℃, and is mainly used for collecting condensed water; and the other is a 4 ℃ cooler, and ginseng aromatic volatile matters are mainly collected to obtain 22 ml of ginseng aromatic volatile matters.
HPLC detection shows that 40-80% of the obtained Ginseng radix extract contains low-activity ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1, and is converted into rare saponin 20(S,R)-Rg3、Rg5、Rk1；20(S,R)-Rh2、Rh3、Rk2；20(S,R)-Rh1、Rh4、Rk3；20(S,R)-Rg2、Rg4、Rg6；20(S,R) -triol aglycone, 20(22), 24-diene-triol aglycone, 20(21), 24-diene-triol aglycone; 20(S,R) Diol aglycone, 20(22), 24-diene-diol aglycone, 20(21), 24-diene-diol aglycone and the like, which indicates that the content of rare ginsenoside in the obtained total saponin is 50-80%.
Example 4:
preparing a ginseng extract with high rare saponin content by using American ginseng or pseudo-ginseng (ginseng) as a raw material according to the method of the embodiment 1, 2 or 3; HPLC detection shows that 50-80% of low-activity ginsenoside is converted into over 20 kinds of rare saponin and aglycon.
The rare saponin in the panax notoginseng extract is 20 (more than 20) rare saponinsS,R)-Rg3、Rg5、Rk1；20(S,R)-Rh2、Rh3、Rk2；20(S,R)-Rh1、Rh4、Rk3；20(S,R) -Rg2, Rg4, Rg 6; and 20(S,R) -triol aglycone, 20(22), 24-diene-triol aglycone, 20(21), 24-diene-triol aglycone; 20(S,R) The diol aglycone, 20(22), 24-diene-diol aglycone and 20(21), in addition to 24-diene-diol aglycone, also contains 3-substituted saponin generated by converting panax notoginseng raw material saponin R1O-Glc-20(S)-Rh1、3-O-Glc-20(R)-Rh1、3-O-Glc-Rh4、3-O-Glc-Rk3 rare saponins.
The water used in examples 1 to 4 was purified water.
Example 5:
mixing the Ginseng radix extract and Ginseng radix aromatic volatile substance with high content of rare saponin obtained in example 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 with 50L refined Chinese liquor with alcoholicity of 50 vol%, keeping at 60 deg.C for 4 hr, aging at room temperature for 1 month, and filtering to obtain 50L Ginseng radix liquor with alcoholicity of 50 vol%. Ginseng liquor contains Ginseng radix extract with high content of rare saponin prepared from 2 g dry Ginseng radix per 100 ml.
Example 6:
the method is the same as example 1, except that 50 liters of refined white spirit with the alcohol content of 50 percent by volume is replaced by 50 to 500 liters of white spirit with the alcohol content of 26 to 60 percent by volume, whisky or brandy, and ginseng wine with the alcohol content of 50 to 500 liters and the alcohol content of 26 to 60 percent is obtained. Every 100 milliliters of the ginseng wine contains a ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin, which is prepared by taking 0.2 to 2 grams of dry ginseng as a raw material.
Example 7:
the method is the same as example 1, except that 50 liters of refined white spirit with the alcohol content of 50 percent by volume is replaced by 50 liters of yellow wine, Japanese sake, wine or fruit wine with the alcohol content of 4-18 percent, and ginseng wine with the alcohol content of 4-18 percent is obtained with 50 liters. Ginseng liquor contains Ginseng radix extract with high content of rare saponin prepared from 2 g dry Ginseng radix per 100 ml.
Example 8:
mixing the ginseng extract and the aromatic ginseng volatile matter with high rare saponin content obtained in the example 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 with 50-200L of saccharified liquid of rice koji with a sugar content of 15-25% by mass, or malt saccharified liquid, or starch saccharified liquid, or honey, inoculating Saccharomyces cerevisiae, fermenting at 16 deg.C for 25-40 days, optionally adding food additives, and filtering to obtain 50-100L of ginseng wine with a alcohol content of 5-18% by volume, wherein each 100 mL of the ginseng wine contains ginseng extract with high rare saponin content prepared by using 0.5-2 g of dry ginseng as a raw material.
Example 9:
mixing the ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin obtained in the embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 with 50-500 liters of refined water, filtering, sterilizing and packaging to obtain the pure ginseng oral liquid. Every 10ml of the ginseng oral liquid contains a ginseng extract which is prepared by taking 0.2-2 g of dry ginseng as a raw material and has high content of rare saponin.
Example 10:
mixing the ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin obtained in the example 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 with honey or high fructose corn syrup and refined water, filtering, sterilizing and packaging to obtain the honey ginseng oral liquid. The honey ginseng oral liquid contains a ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin, which is prepared by taking 0.01-3 g of dry ginseng as a raw material, per 10ml, and the sugar content is 10-40% by mass.
Example 11:
mixing the ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin obtained in the example 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, pomegranate extract and refined water, filtering, sterilizing and packaging to obtain the compound ginseng oral liquid. The compound ginseng oral liquid contains a ginseng extract with high rare saponin content prepared by taking 0.01-3 g of dry ginseng as a raw material in every 10ml, and the mass percentage concentration of a pomegranate extract is 2%.
Example 12:
mixing the Ginseng radix extract with high content of rare saponin obtained in example 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, the extract of fructus Rubi Corchorifolii Immaturus or fructus Lycii, the extract of Glycyrrhrizae radix, and refined water, filtering, sterilizing, and packaging to obtain compound Ginseng radix oral liquid. Every 10ml of the compound ginseng oral liquid contains a ginseng extract with high rare saponin content, which is prepared by taking 0.01-3 g of dry ginseng as a raw material, the mass percent of the fructus schisandrae extract or the medlar extract is 0.1-3%, and the mass percent concentration of the liquorice extract is 0.001-0.1%.
Example 13:
mixing the ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin obtained in the embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, the balsam pear extract or the radix ophiopogonis extract and the liquorice extract, citric acid and sodium citrate obtained by fermentation and refined water, filtering, sterilizing and packaging to obtain the compound ginseng oral liquid. Every 10 milliliters of the compound ginseng oral liquid contains a ginseng extract which is prepared by taking 0.01 to 3 grams of dry ginseng as a raw material and has high content of rare saponins, the mass percent of the balsam pear extract or the radix ophiopogonis extract is 0.1 to 3 percent, the mass percent concentration of the liquorice extract is 0.001 to 0.1 percent, and the mass percent of the citric acid and the sodium citrate obtained by fermentation is 0.001 to 0.2 percent.

Claims (10)

1. A ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin is prepared according to the following method: heating ginseng until ginseng tissues are damaged and self metal ions are released, then converting low-activity ginsenoside into rare saponin at the temperature of 60-85 ℃, leaching, and concentrating the leachate under reduced pressure to obtain a ginseng extract, wherein at least 20 high-activity rare ginsenoside and aglycon in the ginseng extract account for 40-85% of total saponin.
2. The ginseng extract with high rare saponin content according to claim 1, which is prepared by the following steps in sequence:
a. adding 8-10 times of water by weight volume into sun-dried ginseng or red ginseng, heating to 96-100 ℃, and preserving heat for 0.5-2 hours;
b. preserving the heat for 4-8 hours at the temperature of 60-85 ℃, and separating an extracting solution;
c. adding 6-8 times of water by weight volume into the rest ginseng residue, preserving the heat at 75-85 ℃ for 4-8 hours, and separating an extracting solution;
d. repeating the step c;
e. mixing extractive solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of at least 60%.
3. The ginseng extract with high rare saponin content according to claim 1, which is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning fresh ginseng, removing water, heating to 96-100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1.0 hour;
b. adding water with the weight and volume of 4-7 times of that of the ginseng, preserving the heat for 3-8 hours at the temperature of 60-85 ℃, and separating an extracting solution;
c. repeating the step b;
d. mixing extractive solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of at least 60%.
4. The ginseng extract with high content of rare saponins according to claim 1, wherein the concentration under reduced pressure is carried out by connecting two coolers in series with a concentration under reduced pressure device, namely a 20 ℃ cooler for collecting condensed water and a 3-5 ℃ cooler for collecting aromatic volatiles of ginseng.
5. A ginseng wine prepared from a ginseng extract having a high content of rare saponins, characterized in that it is prepared by blending the ginseng extract having a high content of rare saponins prepared according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 with wine, or by brewing the ginseng extract having a high content of rare saponins prepared according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 after mixing with a brewing material.
6. The ginseng wine prepared from the ginseng extract with high rare saponin content according to claim 5, wherein the ginseng aromatic volatile matter collected in claim 4 is added at the same time as the ginseng extract with high rare saponin content is added.
7. The ginseng wine prepared from the ginseng extract with high rare saponin content according to claim 6, wherein the alcohol content of the ginseng wine is 4-18% by volume or 20-60% by volume, and each 100 ml of the ginseng wine contains the ginseng extract with high rare saponin content prepared from 0.01-3 g of dry ginseng as a raw material.
8. A ginseng oral liquid prepared from a ginseng extract having a high content of rare saponins prepared according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, which is mixed with water, wherein the ginseng extract having a high content of rare saponins prepared from 0.01 to 3 g of dried ginseng as a raw material is contained in 10ml of ginseng wine.
9. The ginseng oral liquid prepared from the ginseng extract with high rare saponin content according to claim 8, wherein honey or high fructose corn syrup is added to the raw materials, and the sugar degree is 3-40% by mass.
10. The ginseng oral liquid prepared from the ginseng extract with high rare saponin content according to claim 8, wherein the raw material is added with 0.01-3% by mass of pomegranate extract, or fructus schisandrae extract, or fructus lycii extract, or radix ophiopogonis or fructus momordicae extract, or the raw material is added with 0.001-0.2% by mass of licorice extract, or 0.001-0.2% by mass of fermented citric acid and sodium citrate.
CN202010074927.5A 2020-01-22 2020-01-22 Ginseng extract with high content of rare saponin, ginseng wine and ginseng oral liquid Pending CN111035666A (en)

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