CN111029780B - Leaky-wave antenna periodic unit and leaky-wave antenna - Google Patents
Leaky-wave antenna periodic unit and leaky-wave antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111029780B CN111029780B CN201911364709.9A CN201911364709A CN111029780B CN 111029780 B CN111029780 B CN 111029780B CN 201911364709 A CN201911364709 A CN 201911364709A CN 111029780 B CN111029780 B CN 111029780B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a leaky wave antenna periodic unit and a leaky wave antenna.A metal structure on two sides of an artificial surface plasmon is divided into three sections from top to bottom, a variable capacitance is loaded between the first sections, the second sections form two equivalent capacitances respectively by setting interdigital capacitances, the third sections between the adjacent artificial surface plasmons are connected by metal, the first sections and the second sections are separated by a preset distance, the direct current separation between the adjacent artificial surface plasmons is ensured by the separation of the distance, and a metal patch in a sine-like shape is connected in a groove of the artificial surface plasmon; the antenna has the advantages that the inherent size of the antenna does not need to be changed, the angle control can be flexibly realized by adopting the variable capacitor, the circuit is simple in structure, a complex capacitor network does not need to be used, the cost can be reduced, the integration is facilitated, and the adjustment of the antenna beam scanning angle can be conveniently realized at low cost when the working frequency is unchanged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antenna design, in particular to a leaky-wave antenna periodic unit and a leaky-wave antenna.
Background
With the increasing development of the mobile communication industry, the role of the antenna capable of performing beam angle scanning is more and more important. The leaky-wave antenna has a frequency scanning characteristic that a main beam scanning angle changes with frequency. Leaky waves can be generated in two ways: one is to excite the fast-wave higher-order mode of the transmission feeder; the other is to load the discontinuous modulation periodically on the transmission feeder. For the second way, the scan angle can be expressed as:
θ(f)＝arcsin(β0/k0-c0/fd)
wherein k is0Is the wave number in air, beta0For modulating the wave number of the front feed line, c0D is the period length of the modulation unit, and f is the scanning frequency. From the above formula, the main beam scanning angle of the leaky-wave antenna changes with the frequency.
However, for some application scenarios with narrow bands and fixed operating frequencies, if beam scanning is to be implemented at fixed frequencies, it needs to be implemented by changing the period of the modulation unit. This method of requiring a change in the physical structure of the antenna is limited and costly.
FIG. 1 illustrates another method of constant frequency scanning (shown as an antenna period unit of a leaky-wave antenna) comprising a first artificial surface plasmon and a second periodic unit consisting of 4 capacitors (3 constant capacitors: 2C capacitors)0And 1Cs1 variable capacitor Cv) And forming a regulation network. The first artificial surface plasmon is a metal structure and is a feeder line of the antenna, and the capacitor network is loaded in a groove of the first artificial surface plasmon and used for adjusting the wave number beta of the first artificial surface plasmon0I.e. without changing the antenna period, the capacitance of the variable capacitor is adjusted to achieve a change beta0The purpose of the method is to realize the scanning function of the main beam direction when the working frequency of the periodic leaky-wave antenna is not changed. This method can realize dynamic scanning of the beam angle, but has the disadvantages of complicated circuit, high cost due to the fact that a single periodic unit needs 4 capacitors to integrally tune the equivalent capacitance of the groove, and high processing requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provided are a leaky-wave antenna periodic unit and a leaky-wave antenna, which can conveniently realize the adjustment of the antenna beam scanning angle with low cost when the working frequency is not changed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
a leaky-wave antenna periodic unit comprises a metal patch, a variable capacitance capacitor and a plurality of first artificial surface plasmons;
the first artificial surface plasmon is in a concave shape;
the metal structures on two sides of the first artificial surface plasmon respectively comprise an upper part with a preset first width, a middle part with a preset second width and a lower part with a preset third width from top to bottom in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the variable capacitance capacitor is connected between the two upper parts of the first artificial surface plasmon;
two middle parts of the first artificial surface plasmon are respectively provided with interdigital capacitors to respectively form an equivalent capacitor;
the plurality of first artificial surface plasmons are sequentially arranged at a preset interval along a straight line, and the lower parts of the adjacent first artificial surface plasmons are connected through metal;
the bottom of the groove of the first artificial surface plasmon is connected with the metal patch;
and the connected metal patches in the plurality of first artificial surface plasmons form a sine-like shape.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme as follows:
a leaky-wave antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a transmission line, a first artificial surface plasmon transition structure and a plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units;
the transmission line, the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure and the leaky-wave antenna periodic unit are arranged on the dielectric substrate;
the plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units are sequentially connected in a cascade manner;
two ends of the plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units after the cascade connection are respectively connected with the transmission line and the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the following steps that metal structures on two sides of an artificial surface plasmon are divided into three sections from top to bottom, a variable capacitance capacitor is loaded between the first sections, two equivalent capacitors are formed in the second sections through the arrangement of interdigital capacitors, the third sections between adjacent artificial surface plasmons are connected through metal, the first sections and the second sections are separated by a preset distance, the direct current between the adjacent artificial surface plasmons is guaranteed to be separated through the separation of the distance, and a metal patch in a sine-like shape is connected in a groove of the artificial surface plasmon; through the circuit design, the dispersion characteristic of the artificial surface plasmon serving as a leaky wave antenna modulation unit can be changed only through one variable capacitance capacitor, from the perspective of electrical performance, the effect of the additionally loaded variable capacitance capacitor is equivalent to the change of the physical size of the leaky wave antenna, namely, the physical structure equivalent to the leaky wave antenna is changed, so that when the working frequency of the leaky wave antenna is unchanged, the direction of a main beam is changed, namely, the scanning function of the direction of the main beam is realized, the inherent size of the antenna does not need to be changed, the angle control can be flexibly realized by adopting the variable capacitance, the circuit is simple in structure, a complex capacitance network is not needed, the cost can be reduced, the integration is facilitated, the cost can be lowered when the working frequency is unchanged, and the adjustment of the scanning angle of the antenna beam is conveniently realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a leaky-wave antenna with adjustable beam angle in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a periodic unit of a leaky-wave antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of a leaky-wave antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a leaky-wave antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a step of implementing a leaky-wave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram showing the radiation direction results of the leaky-wave antenna according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2, a leaky-wave antenna periodic unit includes a metal patch, a varactor, and a plurality of first artificial surface plasmons;
the first artificial surface plasmon is in a concave shape;
the metal structures on two sides of the first artificial surface plasmon respectively comprise an upper part with a preset first width, a middle part with a preset second width and a lower part with a preset third width from top to bottom in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the variable capacitance capacitor is connected between the two upper parts of the first artificial surface plasmon;
two middle parts of the first artificial surface plasmon are respectively provided with interdigital capacitors to respectively form an equivalent capacitor;
the plurality of first artificial surface plasmons are sequentially arranged at a preset interval along a straight line, and the lower parts of the adjacent first artificial surface plasmons are connected through metal;
the bottom of the groove of the first artificial surface plasmon is connected with the metal patch;
and the connected metal patches in the plurality of first artificial surface plasmons form a sine-like shape.
The principle of the circuit design is as follows:
the interdigital capacitor and the variable capacitance capacitor form a pi-shaped capacitor network, the network forms an equivalent capacitance value in the groove of the artificial surface plasmon, and the equivalent capacitance value changes along with the change of the variable capacitance value, so that the dispersion characteristic of the artificial surface plasmon is dynamically changed, namely the beta in a scanning angle formula0Thereby adjusting the beam angle;
the direct current partition is used for biasing (applying voltage) of the variable capacitance in the groove of the adjacent artificial surface plasmon polariton unit;
the artificial surface plasmon is used as a feeder line of the leaky-wave antenna, a basic mode of the artificial surface plasmon is non-radiative, radiation of the artificial surface plasmon is realized through access of a metal patch similar to a sine shape, and a better radiation effect is realized;
from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the method comprises the following steps that metal structures on two sides of an artificial surface plasmon are divided into three sections from top to bottom, a variable capacitance capacitor is loaded between the first sections, two equivalent capacitors are formed in the second sections through the arrangement of interdigital capacitors, the third sections between adjacent artificial surface plasmons are connected through metal, the first sections and the second sections are separated by a preset distance, the direct current between the adjacent artificial surface plasmons is guaranteed to be separated through the separation of the distance, and a metal patch in a sine-like shape is connected in a groove of the artificial surface plasmon; through the circuit design, the dispersion characteristic of the artificial surface plasmon serving as a leaky wave antenna modulation unit can be changed only through one variable capacitance capacitor, from the perspective of electrical performance, the effect of the additionally loaded variable capacitance capacitor is equivalent to the change of the physical size of the leaky wave antenna, namely, the physical structure equivalent to the leaky wave antenna is changed, so that when the working frequency of the leaky wave antenna is unchanged, the direction of a main beam is changed, namely, the scanning function of the direction of the main beam is realized, the inherent size of the antenna does not need to be changed, the angle control can be flexibly realized by adopting the variable capacitance, the circuit is simple in structure, a complex capacitance network is not needed, the cost can be reduced, the integration is facilitated, the cost can be lowered when the working frequency is unchanged, and the adjustment of the scanning angle of the antenna beam is conveniently realized.
Further, the preset first width is determined according to the variable capacitance;
and determining the preset second width and the interdigital capacitor according to the equivalent capacitor.
From the above description, the first width, the second width and the interdigital capacitor can be designed according to the actual design requirement, and the flexibility is high.
Further, the length of the first artificial surface plasmon is 3.5mm, the width of the first artificial surface plasmon is 6.7mm, the depth of the groove is 6.18mm, and the width of the groove is 1.0 mm;
the preset first width is 1.5mm, the preset second width is 1.5mm, and the preset third width is 3.7 mm.
Furthermore, the number of the interdigital capacitor is 7, the finger length is 1.4mm, the finger width is 0.13mm, and the finger spacing is 0.05 mm.
Referring to fig. 3, a leaky-wave antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a transmission line, a first artificial surface plasmon transition structure, and a plurality of leaky-wave antenna period units;
the transmission line, the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure and the leaky-wave antenna periodic unit are arranged on the dielectric substrate;
the plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units are sequentially connected in a cascade manner;
two ends of the plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units after the cascade connection are respectively connected with the transmission line and the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: because the artificial surface plasmon is a structure without ground, a transmission mode of a surface wave of the artificial surface plasmon needs to be excited by using a conventional transmission line in practical use, and the transmission line and the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure are used for matching the characteristic impedance, the transmission mode and the wave number of the transmission line and the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure, so that the reliability and the effectiveness of the artificial surface plasmon in the use process can be ensured.
Further, the transmission line and the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure comprise a signal line and a grounding structure;
the upper side and the lower side of the signal line are respectively provided with the grounding structures;
the openings formed by the grounding structures on the two sides of the signal wire are in a horn shape and gradually open along the direction towards the periodic unit of the leaky-wave antenna.
Further, the signal line comprises a plurality of second artificial surface plasmons which are sequentially connected in a cascade manner;
the grooves of the second artificial surface plasmons are sequentially increased in a direction toward the periodic unit of the leaky wave antenna.
Further, 8 second artificial surface plasmons are included;
the depths of the grooves of the 8 second artificial surface plasmons are 1.07mm,1.52mm,2.03mm,2.59mm,3.20mm,3.85mm,4.53mm and 5.25mm in sequence along the direction facing the periodic unit of the leaky-wave antenna;
the width of one end, away from the second artificial surface plasmon, of the signal line is 1.4 mm;
the distance between one end of the grounding structure on the lower side of the signal wire, which is far away from the second artificial surface plasmon, and the signal wire is 0.3 mm;
the width of the grounding structure is 24.2mm, and the length is 44.18 mm.
The leaky-wave antenna periodic unit and the leaky-wave antenna of the invention can be applied to application scenarios with relatively fixed working frequency, for example, for some narrow-band application scenarios, the working frequency is relatively fixed in the scenario, and the following description is given by combining with specific embodiments:
example one
Referring to fig. 2, a leaky-wave antenna periodic unit includes a metal patch, a varactor, and a plurality of first artificial surface plasmons, where the artificial surface plasmons are a feed line of an antenna and are a low-loss surface wave transmission line;
the first artificial surface plasmon is in a concave shape;
the metal structures on two sides of the first artificial surface plasmon respectively comprise an upper part with a preset first width, a middle part with a preset second width and a lower part with a preset third width from top to bottom in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the variable capacitance capacitor is connected between the two upper parts of the first artificial surface plasmon;
two middle parts of the first artificial surface plasmon are respectively provided with interdigital capacitors to respectively form an equivalent capacitor;
the plurality of first artificial surface plasmons are sequentially arranged at a preset interval along a straight line, and the lower parts of the adjacent first artificial surface plasmons are connected through metal;
the bottom of the groove of the first artificial surface plasmon is connected with the metal patch;
the connected metal patches in the plurality of first artificial surface plasmons form a sine-like shape;
in a specific implementation process, the leaky-wave antenna periodic unit may be designed and obtained through the steps shown in fig. 5, specifically, the method includes:
step 1: selecting the unit size of the artificial surface plasmon according to the working frequency of the antenna, wherein the size comprises unit period length p, width w, groove depth h and groove width a; these dimensions determine the cut-off frequency at which the artificial surface plasmons work; the value in this example is p is 3.5mm, w is 6.7mm, h is 6.18mm, and a is 1.0 mm;
step 2: dividing the metal structures on the left side and the right side of the artificial surface plasmon into 3 parts, wherein the widths of the metal structures are w2, w1 and w-w1-w2 from top to bottom; the lowest part retains the original structure of artificial surface plasmon, and the two middle parts are interdigitalThe capacitors form an equivalent capacitor C0The uppermost part is kept with the structure of the original artificial surface plasmon, and the function of the uppermost part is used for connecting the capacitance in the subsequent step 5; the selection of w1 is related to the size of the varactor, and the value of w2 and the design of the interdigital capacitor depend on C0(ii) a The value in this embodiment is w 1-1.5 mm, w 2-1.5 mm, the number of fingers is 7, the finger length is 1.4mm, the finger width is 0.13mm, and the finger spacing is 0.05 mm;
and step 3: connecting the lowest parts of the artificial surface plasmons improved in the step 2 by using metal, wherein the gap distance between the middle part and the upper part is s, the gap distances are main bodies forming a leaky-wave antenna modulation unit, and the number of the units is determined by a modulation period; the gap plays a role of stopping the direct current, so that the value of s is selected to be the minimum value which can be actually processed, and the direct current among the units can be ensured to be cut off; in the embodiment, 5 artificial surface plasmons form a modulation unit, and s is 0.05 mm;
and 4, step 4: adding discontinuous interference on the basis of the step 3 to form a modulation period unit of the leaky-wave antenna; in this embodiment, a metal patch having a sine-like shape is selected, and as shown in step 4 in fig. 5, in the 5 connected artificial surface plasmons, the metal patches may be connected to the bottoms of the grooves of the second to fourth artificial surface plasmons, respectively.
And 5: loading a varactor capacitance C at each groove of the modulation cell of the leaky-wave antenna (i.e. between the two uppermost portions of the artificial surface plasmon)vThe dispersion characteristic of the artificial surface plasmon unit structure can be changed by loading a capacitor on the artificial surface plasmon unit structure (such as a varactor), and from the perspective of electrical performance, the effect of additionally loading the capacitor can be equivalent to changing the physical size of the artificial surface plasmon unit structure, namely equivalent to the change of the physical structure of the antenna, so that when the working frequency of the periodic leaky-wave antenna is not changed, the main beam direction of the periodic leaky-wave antenna is changed, namely, the scanning function of the main beam direction is realized; example CvRanges from 0 to 50 fF.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3, a top view of a leaky-wave antenna is provided in the present embodiment, and fig. 4 is a corresponding cross-sectional view thereof, which includes a dielectric substrate, a transmission line, a first artificial surface plasmon transition structure, and a plurality of leaky-wave antenna period units according to the first embodiment;
the transmission line, the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure and the leaky wave antenna periodic unit are formed by copper-clad layers and are arranged on the dielectric substrate;
the plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units are sequentially connected in a cascade manner;
two ends of the plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units after being connected in series are respectively connected with the transmission line and the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure; the transmission line and the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure comprise a signal line and a grounding structure;
the upper side and the lower side of the signal line are respectively provided with the grounding structures;
openings formed by the grounding structures on the two sides of the signal wire are horn-shaped and gradually open along the direction towards the periodic unit of the leaky-wave antenna; the signal line comprises a plurality of second artificial surface plasmons which are sequentially connected in a cascade mode;
the grooves of the second artificial surface plasmons are sequentially increased along the direction towards the periodic unit of the leaky-wave antenna;
specifically, as shown in fig. 5, after the leaky-wave antenna periodic unit is manufactured in step 5, the method includes the steps of:
step 6: after the plurality of carrier antenna periodic units are directly connected in a cascade mode, a transition structure of a conventional transmission line and an artificial surface plasmon is introduced into the leftmost port and the rightmost port of the plurality of carrier antenna periodic units after the plurality of carrier antenna periodic units are connected in the cascade mode, because the artificial surface plasmon is a structure without ground, a transmission mode of a surface wave of the artificial surface plasmon needs to be excited by the conventional transmission line, and the transition structure is used for matching the characteristic impedance, the transmission mode and the wave number of the artificial surface plasmon;
the number of the carrier antenna periodic units is directly related to the gain of the antenna, and the value of the carrier antenna periodic units is determined according to the gain of the antenna; the number of the periodic units in this embodiment is 6, the conventional transmission line in this embodiment is a coplanar waveguide, the transition structure adopts a common artificial surface plasmon structure with 8 grooves gradually changed on the signal line, the depths of the grooves are 1.07mm,1.52mm,2.03mm,2.59mm,3.20mm,3.85mm,4.53mm and 5.25mm from left to right, respectively, and as can be seen from the figure, the edge of the metal structure of the common artificial surface plasmon constituting the signal line gradually rises along the direction toward the periodic unit of the leaky wave antenna to form an oblique line, by such a gradually changed structure, matching of impedance, wave number and mode from surface wave guide to artificial surface plasmon can be realized, the sizes of the grooves are optimized, and the number and the sizes of the grooves can be changed according to different sizes of the surface waveguide and the artificial surface plasmon; as shown in fig. 5, the ground structure is similar to a vivaldi antenna, and has a size that a spacing s1 between the signal line and the ground structure below the signal line is 0.3mm, a width w3 of the signal line on a side away from the periodic unit of the leaky-wave antenna is 1.4mm, a width G1 of the ground structure is 24.2mm, and a length l1 of the ground structure is 44.18 mm.
And 7: on the basis of the step 6, the test and the use of the leaky-wave antenna can be realized by loading the coplanar waveguide at the two ends of the formed leaky-wave antenna; as shown in fig. 5, the coplanar waveguide in this embodiment has the size that the spacing s2 between the signal line and the grounding structure located at both sides of the signal line is 0.3mm, the width w4 of the signal line is 1.4mm, the width G2 of the grounding structure is 24.2mm, and the length l2 is 8 mm;
in this embodiment, the dielectric substrate is Rogers RT5880, the dielectric constant is 2.2, the loss angle is 0.0009, and the thickness is 0.5 mm; other equivalent types of substrates can be selected for use in the method;
fig. 6 is a diagram showing the radiation direction result of the periodic leaky-wave antenna provided in this embodiment, and by using the above parameter settings, when the loaded variable capacitance is gradually changed from 0 to 50fF, the scanning angle of the periodic leaky-wave antenna is fixed at 45 degrees (135 degrees is a symmetric radiation angle), and the operating frequency of the periodic leaky-wave antenna at this time is changed in the range of 6.6GHz to 7.7 GHz; by the method, if the working frequency of the leaky-wave antenna is not changed, the antenna beam scanning angle can be adjusted.
In summary, according to the leaky-wave antenna periodic unit and the leaky-wave antenna provided by the invention, the metal structures on two sides of the artificial surface plasmons are divided into three sections from top to bottom, the variable capacitance is loaded between the first sections, the second sections form two equivalent capacitances by arranging the interdigital capacitances respectively, the third sections between the adjacent artificial surface plasmons are connected through metal, the first sections and the second sections are separated by a preset distance, the direct current separation between the adjacent artificial surface plasmons is ensured through the separation of the distance, the grooves of the artificial surface plasmons are connected with the metal patches in the similar sine shape, the plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units are connected in cascade, and the coplanar waveguides are connected with the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure through the coplanar waveguides at two ends to realize the reliable use of the leaky-wave antenna; through the circuit design, the dispersion characteristic of the artificial surface plasmon serving as a leaky wave antenna modulation unit can be changed only through one variable capacitance capacitor, from the perspective of electrical performance, the effect of the additionally loaded variable capacitance capacitor is equivalent to the change of the physical size of the leaky wave antenna, namely, the physical structure equivalent to the leaky wave antenna is changed, so that when the working frequency of the leaky wave antenna is unchanged, the direction of a main beam is changed, namely, the scanning function of the direction of the main beam is realized, the inherent size of the antenna does not need to be changed, the angle control can be flexibly realized by adopting the variable capacitance, the circuit is simple in structure, a complex capacitance network is not needed, the cost can be reduced, the integration is facilitated, the cost can be lowered when the working frequency is unchanged, and the adjustment of the scanning angle of the antenna beam is conveniently realized.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A leaky-wave antenna periodic unit is characterized by comprising a metal patch, a variable capacitance and a plurality of first artificial surface plasmons;
the first artificial surface plasmon is in a concave shape, and two sides of the first artificial surface plasmon are respectively provided with a metal structure;
the metal structures on two sides of the first artificial surface plasmon respectively comprise an upper part with a preset first width, a middle part with a preset second width and a lower part with a preset third width from top to bottom in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the preset first width, the preset second width and the preset third width respectively represent the distance in the vertical direction of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part;
the variable capacitance capacitor is connected between the two upper parts of the first artificial surface plasmon;
two middle parts of the first artificial surface plasmon are respectively provided with interdigital capacitors to respectively form an equivalent capacitor;
the plurality of first artificial surface plasmons are sequentially arranged at a preset interval along a straight line, and the lower parts of the adjacent first artificial surface plasmons are connected through metal;
the bottom of the groove of the first artificial surface plasmon is connected with the metal patch;
and the connected metal patches in the plurality of first artificial surface plasmons form a sine-like shape.
2. The leaky-wave antenna periodic unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said predetermined first width is determined based on said varactor capacitance;
and determining the preset second width and the interdigital capacitor according to the equivalent capacitor.
3. The periodic unit of the leaky wave antenna as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first artificial surface plasmon has a length of 3.5mm, a width of 6.7mm, a groove depth of 6.18mm, and a groove width of 1.0 mm;
the width refers to the distance of the metal structure in the vertical direction;
the preset first width is 1.5mm, the preset second width is 1.5mm, and the preset third width is 3.7 mm.
4. The leaky wave antenna periodic unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of fingers of said interdigital capacitor is 7, the finger length is 1.4mm, the finger width is 0.13mm, and the finger pitch is 0.05 mm.
5. A leaky-wave antenna comprising a dielectric substrate, a transmission line and a first artificial surface plasmon transition structure, and a plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
the transmission line, the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure and the leaky-wave antenna periodic unit are arranged on the dielectric substrate;
the plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units are sequentially connected in a cascade manner;
two ends of the plurality of leaky-wave antenna periodic units after the cascade connection are respectively connected with the transmission line and the first artificial surface plasmon transition structure.
6. The leaky wave antenna as claimed in claim 5, wherein said transmission line and first artificial surface plasmon transition structure comprises a signal line and a ground structure;
the upper side and the lower side of the signal line are respectively provided with the grounding structures;
the openings formed by the grounding structures on the two sides of the signal wire are in a horn shape and gradually open along the direction towards the periodic unit of the leaky-wave antenna.
7. The leaky wave antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein said signal line includes a plurality of sequentially cascaded second artificial surface plasmons;
the grooves of the second artificial surface plasmons are sequentially increased in a direction toward the periodic unit of the leaky wave antenna.
8. The leaky wave antenna as claimed in claim 7, comprising 8 second artificial surface plasmons;
the depths of the grooves of the 8 second artificial surface plasmons are 1.07mm,1.52mm,2.03mm,2.59mm,3.20mm,3.85mm,4.53mm and 5.25mm in sequence along the direction facing the periodic unit of the leaky-wave antenna;
the distance of one end of the signal line, which is far away from the second artificial surface plasmon, in the vertical direction is 1.4 mm;
the distance between one end of the grounding structure on the lower side of the signal wire, which is far away from the second artificial surface plasmon, and the signal wire is 0.3 mm;
the width of the grounding structure is 24.2mm, and the length is 44.18 mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102509885A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Changeless electric scanning leaky-wave antenna based on barium strontium titanate film |
| CN102709699A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Leaky wave antenna based on left-right-hand composite transmission line |
| CN208923366U (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-05-31 | 南方科技大学 | A kind of periodicity leaky-wave antenna |
| CN209434393U (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-09-24 | 南方科技大学 | A kind of restructural leaky-wave antenna |
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2019
- 2019-12-26 CN CN201911364709.9A patent/CN111029780B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102709699A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Leaky wave antenna based on left-right-hand composite transmission line |
| CN102509885A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Changeless electric scanning leaky-wave antenna based on barium strontium titanate film |
| CN208923366U (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-05-31 | 南方科技大学 | A kind of periodicity leaky-wave antenna |
| CN209434393U (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-09-24 | 南方科技大学 | A kind of restructural leaky-wave antenna |
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